Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: March 2012

01 March 2012      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Nature Immunology presents a webcast series on Current Controversies Webcasts now available free on demand on the following topics: Lineage Differentiation HIV Vaccines Human Immunology Sponsored by:                 Biological Sciences               Eyespot colour pattern determination by serial induction in fish: Mechanistic convergence with butterfly eyespots ▶     Yoshikazu Ohno, Joji M. Otaki     Vertebrate and invertebrate colour pattern determination mechanisms are considered distinct; recently, however, both fish and butterfly colour patterns have been partly explained …             Collision of millimetre droplets induces DNA and protein transfection into cells ▶     Kazuto Ikemoto, Ichiro Sakata, Takafumi Sakai     Nonperturbing and simple transfection methods are important for modern techniques used in biotechnology. Recently, we reported that electrospraying can be applied to DNA …             Cholinergic and non-cholinergic functions of two acetylcholinesterase genes revealed by gene-silencing in Tribolium castaneum ▶     Yanhui Lu, Yoonseong Park, Xiwu Gao et al.     We compared biological functions of two acetylcholinesterase genes (TcAce1 and TcAce2) in Tribolium castaneum, a globally distributed major pest of stored grain products and an …             Developmental regulation of CB1-mediated spike-time dependent depression at immature mossy fiber-CA3 synapses ▶     Maddalena D. Caiati, Sudhir Sivakumaran, Frederic Lanore et al.     Early in postnatal life, mossy fibres (MF), the axons of granule cells in the dentate gyrus, release GABA which is depolarizing and excitatory. Synaptic currents undergo …             Characterizing the role of rice NRAMP5 in Manganese, Iron and Cadmium Transport ▶     Yasuhiro Ishimaru, Ryuichi Takahashi, Khurram Bashir et al.     Metals like manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) are essential for metabolism, while cadmium (Cd) is toxic for virtually all living organisms. Understanding the transport of these metals …             Training the brain to overcome the effect of aging on the human eye ▶     Uri Polat, Clifton Schor, Jian-Liang Tong et al.     Presbyopia, from the Greek for aging eye, is, like death and taxes, inevitable. Presbyopia causes near vision to degrade with age, affecting virtually everyone over the age of 50. …             Spatio-temporal dynamics of a fish spawning aggregation and its fishery in the Gulf of California ▶     Brad Erisman, Octavio Aburto-Oropeza, Charlotte Gonzalez-Abraham et al.     We engaged in cooperative research with fishers and stakeholders to characterize the fine-scale, spatio-temporal characteristics of spawning behavior in an aggregating marine fish …             Cell-Sized confinement in microspheres accelerates the reaction of gene expression ▶     Ayako Kato, Miho Yanagisawa, Yuko T. Sato et al.     Cell-sized water-in-oil droplet covered by a lipid layer was used to understand how lipid membranes affect biochemical systems in living cells. Here, we report a remarkable …             A therapeutic method for the direct reprogramming of human liver cancer cells with only chemicals ▶     Hisashi Moriguchi, Yue Zhang, Makoto Mihara et al.     Various methods for the direct reprogramming of human somatic cells have been developed. However, a therapeutic method to reprogram and eliminate human solid tumor cells has not …             Identification of links between small molecules and miRNAs in human cancers based on transcriptional responses ▶     Wei Jiang, Xiaowen Chen, Mingzhi Liao et al.     The use of small molecules to target miRNAs is a new type of therapy for human diseases, particularly cancers. We proposed a novel high-throughput approach to identify the …             Growth dynamics and the evolution of cooperation in microbial populations ▶     Jonas Cremer, Anna Melbinger, Erwin Frey     Microbes providing public goods are widespread in nature despite running the risk of being exploited by free-riders. However, the precise ecological factors supporting cooperation …             DNA Replication Fading As Proliferating Cells Advance in Their Commitment to Terminal Differentiation ▶     Monturus Ma. Estefanía, Olivier Ganier, Pablo Hernández et al.     Terminal differentiation is the process by which cycling cells stop proliferating to start new specific functions. It involves dramatic changes in chromatin organization as well …             Particulate matter Air Pollution induces hypermethylation of the p16 promoter Via a mitochondrial ROS-JNK-DNMT1 pathway ▶     Saul Soberanes, Angel Gonzalez, Daniela Urich et al.     Exposure of human populations to chronically elevated levels of ambient particulate matter air pollution < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) has been associated with an increase in lung …             Order versus Disorder: in vivo bone formation within osteoconductive scaffolds ▶     Silvia Scaglione, Paolo Giannoni, Paolo Bianchini et al.     In modern biomaterial design the generation of an environment mimicking some of the extracellular matrix features is envisaged to support molecular cross-talk between cells and …             Tet2 disruption leads to enhanced self-renewal and altered differentiation of fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells ▶     Hiroyoshi Kunimoto, Yumi Fukuchi, Masatoshi Sakurai et al.     Somatic mutation of ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) gene is frequently found in human myeloid malignancies. Recent reports showed that loss of Tet2 led to pleiotropic …             Computational prediction of furin cleavage sites by a hybrid method and understanding mechanism underlying diseases ▶     Sun Tian, Wang Huajun, Jianhua Wu     Furin cleaves diverse types of protein precursors in the secretory pathway. The substrates for furin cleavage possess a specific 20-residue recognition sequence motif. In this …             Disturbance of deep-sea environments induced by the M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake ▶     Shinsuke Kawagucci, Yukari T. Yoshida, Takuroh Noguchi et al.     The impacts of the M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake on deep-sea environment were investigated 36 and 98 days after the event. The light transmission anomaly in the deep-sea water after 36 …             Indian Ocean Dipole drives malaria resurgence in East African highlands ▶     Masahiro Hashizume, Luis Fernando Chaves, Noboru Minakawa     Malaria resurgence in African highlands in the 1990s has raised questions about the underlying drivers of the increase in disease incidence including the role of El-Niño-Southern …             The interplay of mutations and electronic properties in disease-related genes ▶     Chi-Tin Shih, Stephen A. Wells, Ching-Ling Hsu et al.     Electronic properties of DNA are believed to play a crucial role in many phenomena in living organisms, for example the location of DNA lesions by base excision repair (BER) …             Hepatitis C Virus Antigenic Convergence ▶     David S. Campo, Zoya Dimitrova, Jonny Yokosawa et al.     Vaccine development against hepatitis C virus (HCV) is hindered by poor understanding of factors defining cross-immunoreactivity among heterogeneous epitopes. Using synthetic …             Fusion of intestinal epithelial cells with bone marrow derived cells is dispensable for tissue homeostasis ▶     Joan H. de Jong, Hans M. Rodermond, Cheryl D. Zimberlin et al.     The epithelial lining of the intestine is characterized by an immense cellular turn-over ascertaining an extensive regenerative capacity. Multiple reports suggest that besides the …             Transcriptomic landscape of breast cancers through mRNA sequencing ▶     Jeyanthy Eswaran, Dinesh Cyanam, Prakriti Mudvari et al.     Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a poorly defined genetic landscape, which poses a major challenge in diagnosis and treatment. By massively parallel mRNA sequencing, …             Activated human CD4+ T cells express transporters for both cysteine and cystine ▶     Trine Bøegh Levring, Ann Kathrine Hansen, Bodil Lisbeth Nielsen et al.     Because naïve T cells are unable to import cystine due to the absence of cystine transporters, it has been suggested that T cell activation is dependent on cysteine generated by …             Excess α-synuclein worsens disease in mice lacking ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 ▶     Derya R. Shimshek, Tatjana Schweizer, Peter Schmid et al.     Mutations in α-synuclein (αSN) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) have been linked to familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Physical and functional interactions …             Adoptive T-cell therapy improves treatment of canine non–Hodgkin lymphoma post chemotherapy ▶     Colleen M. O'Connor, Sabina Sheppard, Cassie A. Hartline et al.     Clinical observations reveal that an augmented pace of T-cell recovery after chemotherapy correlates with improved tumor-free survival, suggesting the add-back of T cells after …             The ineluctable requirement for the trans-iron elements molybdenum and/or tungsten in the origin of life ▶     Barbara Schoepp-Cothenet, Robert van Lis, Pascal Philippot et al.     An evolutionary tree of key enzymes from the Complex-Iron-Sulfur-Molybdoenzyme (CISM) superfamily distinguishes “ancient” members, i.e. enzymes present already in the last …             Rare coding SNP in DZIP1 gene associated with late-onset sporadic Parkinson's disease ▶     André X. C. N. Valente, Joo H. Shin, Abhijit Sarkar et al.     An association between a rare, coding, non-synonymous SNP variant in the gene DZIP1 and Parkinson's disease was found, based on an analysis of the existing NGRC genome-wide …             An orally available, small-molecule interferon inhibits viral replication ▶     Hideyuki Konishi, Koichi Okamoto, Yusuke Ohmori et al.     Most acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections become chronic and some progress to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Standard therapy involves an interferon …             Bak Conformational Changes Induced by Ligand Binding: Insight into BH3 Domain Binding and Bak Homo-Oligomerization ▶     Yuan-Ping Pang, Haiming Dai, Alyson Smith et al.     Recently we reported that the BH3-only proteins Bim and Noxa bind tightly but transiently to the BH3-binding groove of Bak to initiate Bak homo-oligomerization. However, it is …             Systemic scAAV9 variant mediates brain transduction in newborn rhesus macaques ▶     Benjamin Dehay, Deniz Dalkara, Sandra Dovero et al.     Transgenic macaques would allow to study brain function and diseases. We report that an engineered adeno-associated virus serotype 9 variant (scAAV9) injected intravenously in …             Ethanolamine phosphoglycerol attachment to eEF1A is not essential for normal growth of Trypanosoma brucei ▶     Eva Greganova, Peter Bütikofer     Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) is the only protein modified by ethanolamine phosphoglycerol (EPG). In mammals and plants, EPG is attached to conserved glutamate residues …             HMGA1 is a novel downstream nuclear target of the insulin receptor signaling pathway ▶     Eusebio Chiefari, Maria T. Nevolo, Biagio Arcidiacono et al.     High-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) protein is an important nuclear factor that activates gene transcription by binding to AT-rich sequences in the promoter region of DNA. We …             Growth hormone responsive neural precursor cells reside within the adult mammalian brain ▶     Daniel G. Blackmore, Brent A. Reynolds, Mohammad G. Golmohammadi et al.     The detection of growth hormone (GH) and its receptor in germinal regions of the mammalian brain prompted our investigation of GH and its role in the regulation of endogenous …             Cross Priming Amplification: Mechanism and Optimization for Isothermal DNA Amplification ▶     Gaolian Xu, Lin Hu, Huayan Zhong et al.     CPA is a class of isothermal amplification reactions that is carried out by a strand displacement DNA polymerase and does not require an initial denaturation step or the addition …             RNA-DNA differences are rarer in proto-oncogenes than in tumor suppressor genes ▶     Feng Gao, Yan Lin, Randy Ren Zhang     It has long been assumed that DNA sequences and corresponding RNA transcripts are almost identical; a recent discovery, however, revealed widespread RNA-DNA differences (RDDs), …             Cold induces acute stress but heat is ultimately more deleterious for the reef-building coral Acropora yongei ▶     Melissa S. Roth, Ralf Goericke, Dimitri D. Deheyn     Climate change driven increases in intensity and frequency of both hot and cold extreme events contribute to coral reef decline by causing widespread coral bleaching and …             Self-assembled photosystem-I biophotovoltaics on nanostructured TiO2 and ZnO ▶     Andreas Mershin, Kazuya Matsumoto, Liselotte Kaiser et al.     The abundant pigment-protein membrane complex photosystem-I (PS-I) is at the heart of the Earth’s energy cycle. It is the central molecule in the “Z-scheme” of photosynthesis, …                         Scientific Reports is accepting submissions from all scientific fields. 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