SciBx is a weekly publication that identifies and analyzes the most important translational research articles from over 40 journals. Find out which papers have real scientific and commercial potential, and why. Subscribe to SciBX and you won't miss the next big thing.
Memory is skin deep Tracey Baas doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.322 A Harvard Medical School team has identified a T cell–based immune response in the skin that is better at protecting mice from some viral infections than circulating T cells. Trem Rx is developing a vaccine platform against infectious diseases and cancer based on these results. Full Text | PDF
PARP target practice Joanne Kotz doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.323 Swedish researchers have used an in vitro screen to evaluate the target selectivity of a panel of small molecule PARP inhibitors. The findings could eventually lead to next-generation PARP inhibitors that have a better therapeutic index than inhibitors currently in the cancer clinic. Full Text | PDF
Sugar free Lev Osherovich doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.324 An international team has indirect genetic evidence that inhibiting the C isoform of ketohexokinase can block weight gain and insulin in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome. The challenge now is to selectively inhibit the disease-associated form of the enzyme without compromising systemic sugar metabolism. Full Text | PDF
IMI's leadoff hitter Kai-Jye Lou doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.325 Europe's Innovative Medicines Initiative has recruited 7 pharmas to each contribute up to 50,000 compounds from their proprietary libraries for a public-private partnership called the European Lead Factory. The pharmas will have access to an expanded chemical space, and academic members of the factory will be able to run experiments with high-quality molecules. Full Text | PDF
Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22; LYP) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.326 In vitro studies identified a LYP inhibitor that could help treat autoimmune diseases. Full Text | PDF
Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.327 Mouse studies suggest TRAIL could eliminate cancer stem cells to help treat ALL. Full Text | PDF
VEGF receptor 2 (KDR/Flk-1; VEGFR-2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.328 In vitro and mouse studies suggest inhibiting VEGFR-2 could help treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Full Text | PDF
Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2; G9A); DNA methyltransferase doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.329 Cell culture and mouse studies suggest blocking both G9A histone methyltransferase activity and its interactions with DNA methyltransferases could help treat breast cancer. Full Text | PDF
Cytoplasmic dynein doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.330 In vitro and cell culture studies identified small molecule inhibitors of cytoplasmic dynein that could help treat cancer. Full Text | PDF
Interferon-β (IFNB; IFN-β) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.331 Mouse studies suggest a synthetic sialyl-IFNB compound could help treat cancer. Full Text | PDF
Not applicable doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.332 In vitro and mouse studies identified an isomer of 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-quinolinyl) 2-piperidinyl-methanol that could help treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancers. Full Text | PDF
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1; RAC1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.333 In vitro studies identified a RAC1 inhibitor that could help treat metastatic cancers. Full Text | PDF
Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 3B (EBNA3B) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.334 Mouse and patient sample studies suggest increasing EBNA3B signaling could help prevent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoma. Full Text | PDF
Leukotriene B4 type 2 receptor (BLT2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.335 In vitro and mouse studies suggest inhibiting BLT2 could help reduce ovarian cancer metastasis. Full Text | PDF
Potassium channel Kv1.5 (KCNA5) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.336 In vitro and in vivo studies suggest a new class of KCNA5 inhibitors could help treat atrial fibrillation (AF). Full Text | PDF
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2 (CYSLTR2; CysLT2); leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4S) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.337 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting leukotriene C4 signaling through LTC4S and CysLT2 could help treat atopic dermatitis. Full Text | PDF
Sphingosine-1-phosophate phosphatase 1 (SGPP1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.338 Cell culture studies suggest antagonizing SGPP1 could help treat type 2 diabetes. Full Text | PDF
Ketohexokinase (fructokinase; KHK) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.339 Mouse studies suggest antagonizing the C isoform of KHK could help treat metabolic syndrome and obesity. Full Text | PDF
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K); PI3Kα; PI3Kδ; PTEN (MMAC1; TEP1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.340 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting PI3K could help treat obesity. Full Text | PDF
Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein–coupled receptor 5 (LGR5; GPR49) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.341 Cell culture and mouse studies suggest engraftment of stem cell–derived colon tissues could help treat colitis and other gastrointestinal epithelial injuries. Full Text | PDF
Cannabinoid CB2 receptor (CNR2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.343 Tissue, cell culture and mouse studies suggest agonizing CNR2 could help treat brain inflammation. Full Text | PDF
Not applicable doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.344 Mouse studies suggest bone marrow transplantation and enhancing microglial activity could both help treat Rett syndrome, a form of autism caused by a mutation in methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2; RTT). Full Text | PDF
Hydrogen voltage-gated channel 1 (HVCN1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.345 Studies in cell culture and in mice suggest antagonizing HVCN1 could help prevent brain damage caused by ischemic stroke. Full Text | PDF
Prokineticin 2 (PROK2; Bv8); prokineticin receptor 2 (PROKR2; PKR2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.346 Rat studies suggest inhibiting PROK2 signaling could help treat stroke. Full Text | PDF
Ring expansion approach for synthesizing libraries of macrolactones and macrolactams doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.348 A synthetic approach using ring expansion to generate lactone and lactam classes of macrocycles could provide new drug leads for targets that are difficult to modulate with small molecules. Full Text | PDF
Ester and esterase chemistry for tissue-specific drug activation and imaging doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.349 In vitro and cell culture studies suggest engineered esterases could be used to selectively activate dyes and prodrugs for tissue-specific imaging and drug delivery. Full Text | PDF
Truncating mutations in titin (TTN) as a marker of dilated cardiomyopathy doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.350 Screening for truncating mutations in TTN could help diagnose dilated cardiomyopathy, a weakening of the cardiac muscle that can lead to congestive heart failure. Full Text | PDF
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