SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: February 16 2012, Volume 5 / Issue 7

TABLE OF CONTENTS February 16 2012, Volume 5 / Issue 7 Analysis Cover Story Targets and Mechanisms The Distillery: Therapeutics Cancer Cardiovascular disease Endocrine/metabolic disease Infectious disease Neurology Other Renal disease Various The Distillery: Techniques Chemistry Disease models Advertisement SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Recommend SciBX to your library today SciBx is a weekly publication that identifies and analyzes the most important translational research articles from over 40 journals. Find out which papers have real scientific and commercial potential, and why. Subscribe to SciBX and you won't miss the next big thing. For more information visit: www.nature.com/scibx.   Trade Secrets A Nature Network blog by BIOENTREPRENEUR Brought to you by Nature Biotechnology Access the insights, advice and commentary from scientists and entrepreneurs building biotech sectors around the world. Join the global dialogue on life science entrepreneurship: http://blogs.nature.com/trade_secrets   Analysis Cover Story Top Strategies against Xalkori resistance Kai-Jye Lou doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.167 U.S. researchers have uncovered a plethora of mechanisms in ALK-rearranged lung cancers that could drive resistance to Pfizer's Xalkori crizotinib. The findings suggest that Xalkori, and possibly other ALK inhibitors, should be combined with drugs that target the EGFR and KIT pathways. Full Text | PDF Targets and Mechanisms Top SYKing inhibitors on retinoblastoma Chris Cain doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.168 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and Washington University in St. Louis researchers have suggested that blocking spleen tyrosine kinase activity could help treat retinoblastoma. The results provide a potential new indication for SYK inhibitors, and the researchers are already working on an ocular formulation of one. Full Text | PDF Steroids not so depressing Tim Fulmer doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.169 Mapreg has shown for the first time in vivo that targeting MAP2 can have an antidepressant effect in mouse models of depression. In some models, the company's MAP4343 steroid derivative had an onset of action faster than that for Eli Lilly's Prozac. Full Text | PDF Still un-sirtuin Lev Osherovich doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.170 NIH researchers have suggested that the polyphenol compound resveratrol works by inhibiting phosphodiesterase-4, an enzyme affecting a signaling pathway involved in metabolic regulation, rather than via sirtuin 1. The findings could provide repurposing opportunities for the plethora of PDE-4 inhibitors on the market or in development. Full Text | PDF Distillery: Therapeutics Cancer Top Cathepsin B doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.171 Mouse studies suggest inhibiting cathepsin B could help treat or prevent breast cancer metastasis. Full Text | PDF CD44; pyruvate kinase M2 isozyme (PKM2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.172 Cell culture studies suggest inhibiting CD44 could help sensitize glycolytic cancer cells to chemotherapy. Full Text | PDF Not applicable doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.173 Mouse studies suggest nutrient starvation could increase the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. Full Text | PDF Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.174 Cell culture and patient studies suggest patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who become resistant to Erbitux cetuximab as a result of an S492R EGFR mutation may respond to Vectibix panitumumab. Full Text | PDF MicroRNA-196a (miR-196a); HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.175 Patient sample and cell culture studies suggest miR-196a or HOTAIR could be prognostic markers or therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal cancer. Full Text | PDF Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B; PTPN1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.176 Studies in mice and in patient samples suggest inhibiting PTP-1B could help treat prostate cancer. Full Text | PDF Cardiovascular disease Top MicroRNA-29b (miR-29b) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.177 Studies in mice suggest inhibiting miR-29b could help treat abdominal aortic aneurysm. Full Text | PDF Properdin doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.178 Studies in mice suggest inhibiting properdin could help treat abdominal aortic aneurysm. Full Text | PDF Endocrine/metabolic disease Top Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.179 Studies in cell culture and in mice suggest inhibiting PDE-4 could help treat obesity and type 2 diabetes. Full Text | PDF Infectious disease Top β-Lactamase (LACTB) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.180 Cell culture studies identified a noncovalent inhibitor of class A LACTBs that could help treat drug-resistant bacterial infections. Full Text | PDF HIV gp120; CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5; CD195); CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4; NPY3R) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.181 In vitro and cell assay studies identified a dual CD4-heparin sulfate peptide (mCD4-P3YSO3) that could help treat HIV. Full Text | PDF Tryparedoxin doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.182 In vitro studies suggest inhibiting tryparedoxin could help treat trypanosome infections. Full Text | PDF IL-33 (NF-HEV) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.183 Mouse studies suggest IL-33 could help treat viral infections. Full Text | PDF Neurology Top Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (CHRM2; HM2) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.184 An in vitro study determined the structure of HM2, which could be used to develop subtype-selective modulators of muscarinic receptors. Full Text | PDF Other Top Endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 (ERN1; IRE1; IRE1α); x-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.185 Mouse studies suggest activating IRE1α could help treat acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity. Full Text | PDF Renal disease Top Activin receptor-like kinase 3 (ALK3) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.186 In vitro and mouse studies suggest ALK3 agonists could help treat renal damage. Full Text | PDF Various Top Hydroxysteroid 17-β dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17B1) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.187 In vitro and cell culture studies identified HSD17B1 inhibitors that could treat estrogen-dependent diseases like breast cancer and endometriosis. Full Text | PDF Distillery: Techniques Chemistry Top Continuous flow method for synthesizing artemisinin from a dihydroartemisinic acid doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.188 A continuous flow synthesis method to produce artemisinin from a precursor molecule could be used to generate large quantities of the malaria drug. Full Text | PDF Disease models Top Human stem cell–derived models of cortical networks doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.189 Human stem cell–derived models of cortical networks could aid the development of new treatments for neurological diseases. Full Text | PDF Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell–based model of HCV infection doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.190 iPS cells could be used to model the response of individual patients to HCV infection. Full Text | PDF Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell–derived neurons from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) doi:10.1038/scibx.2012.191 In vitro studies suggest differentiating neurons from patient-derived iPS cells could help determine the mechanisms of sporadic AD. Full Text | PDF You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. 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