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|  | | 10 January 2012 | | | Featured image: | |  | | | Benzinou et al. identify PTPN14 as a modifier gene that is associated with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. |
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In this focus we collect research articles and opinion pieces that explore some possible mechanisms for the creation of ocean islands and seamounts, and highlight their connections to the deep and upper mantle.
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| | | | | | Latest Articles | View all Articles | | | | | Conclusive quantum steering with superconducting transition-edge sensors OPEN | | | Devin H. Smith, Geoff Gillett, Marcelo P. de Almeida, Cyril Branciard, Alessandro Fedrizzi, Till J. Weinhold, Adriana Lita, Brice Calkins, Thomas Gerrits, Howard M. Wiseman, Sae Woo Nam and Andrew G. White | | | Untrustworthy sources or detectors mean that quantum entanglement cannot always be ensured, but quantum steering inequalities can verify its presence. Using a highly efficient system, Smith et al. are able to close the detection loophole and clearly demonstrate steering between two parties. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:625 doi:10.1038/ncomms1628 (2012) | | | Physical sciences | | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (542 kB) |
| Control of magnetohydrodynamic stability by phase space engineering of energetic ions in tokamak plasmas | | | J.P. Graves, I.T. Chapman, S. Coda, M. Lennholm, M. Albergante and M. Jucker | | | Tokamak plasmas suffer from magnetohydrodynamic instabilities, driven by gradients in current density or pressure, but techniques to control them are power-hungry and reduce reactor efficiency. Here, an efficient method to control such instabilities using asymmetric ion populations is demonstrated at JET. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:624 doi:10.1038/ncomms1622 (2012) | | | Physical sciences Fluids and plasma physics | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,423 kB) |
Supplementary Information |
| Ectopic expression of the histone methyltransferase Ezh2 in haematopoietic stem cells causes myeloproliferative disease | | | A. Herrera-Merchan, L. Arranz, J.M. Ligos, A. de Molina, O. Dominguez and S. Gonzalez | | | The histone methyltransferase Ezh2 is thought to have a dual function both as a tumour suppressor and an oncogene. Using mouse models with Ezh2 gain-of-function, Herrera-Merchan et al. show that Ezh2 expression in HSCs severely compromises hematopoietic function, leading to myeloproliferative disease. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:623 doi:10.1038/ncomms1623 (2012) | | | Biological sciences Cancer | | | Cell biology Molecular biology | | | Immunology | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (2,008 kB) |
Supplementary Information |
| Two rotating cilia in the node cavity are sufficient to break left–right symmetry in the mouse embryo | | | Kyosuke Shinohara, Aiko Kawasumi, Atsuko Takamatsu, Satoko Yoshiba, Yanick Botilde, Noboru Motoyama, Walter Reith, Bénédicte Durand, Hidetaka Shiratori and Hiroshi Hamada | | | The left–right asymmetry of an organism is patterned during development and is determined by fluid flow created by the movement of cilia. In this study, the asymmetry is shown to be determined early after the movement of cilia is established and that only two rotating cilia are required for breaking symmetry. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:622 doi:10.1038/ncomms1624 (2012) | | | Biological sciences Biophysics | | | Developmental biology | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (2,470 kB) |
Supplementary Information |
| Rapid and adaptive evolution of MHC genes under parasite selection in experimental vertebrate populations OPEN | | | Christophe Eizaguirre, Tobias L. Lenz, Martin Kalbe and Manfred Milinski | | | In vertebrates parasite-mediated selection is thought to maintain polymorphism in MHC genes where specific resistance MHC alleles increase under emerging selection. Here, experimental evidence is shown from six stickleback fish populations that varying parasite selection helps maintain MHC polymorphism. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:621 doi:10.1038/ncomms1632 (2012) | | | Biological sciences Ecology | | | Evolution Genetics | | | Immunology | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (486 kB) |
Supplementary Information |
| Hydrothermal vent fields and chemosynthetic biota on the world's deepest seafloor spreading centre OPEN | | | Douglas P. Connelly, Jonathan T. Copley, Bramley J. Murton, Kate Stansfield, Paul A. Tyler, Christopher R. German, Cindy L. Van Dover, Diva Amon, Maaten Furlong, Nancy Grindlay, Nicholas Hayman, Veit Hühnerbach, Maria Judge, Tim Le Bas, Stephen McPhail, Alexandra Meier, Ko-ichi Nakamura, Verity Nye, Miles Pebody, Rolf B. Pedersen, Sophie Plouviez, Carla Sands, Roger C. Searle, Peter Stevenson, Sarah Taws and Sally Wilcox | | | The Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre is an ultraslow-spreading mid-ocean ridge in the Caribbean. This study reveals two hydrothermal vent fields on the ridge, including high-temperature vents on an off-axis oceanic core complex where, similar to Mid-Atlantic vents, an alvinocaridid shrimp is common at both vent fields. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:620 doi:10.1038/ncomms1636 (2012) | | | Earth sciences Ecology | | | Geology and geophysics Oceanography | | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,900 kB) |
| Momentum-dependent multiple gaps in magnesium diboride probed by electron tunnelling spectroscopy | | | Ke Chen, Wenqing Dai, C.G. Zhuang, Qi Li, Steve Carabello, Joseph G. Lambert, Jerome T. Mlack, Roberto C. Ramos and X. X. Xi | | | The electronic structure of superconducting magnesium diboride is predicted theoretically to have a distribution of energy gap values. Chen et al. observe this distribution of values experimentally, by means of high-resolution electron tunnelling spectroscopy. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:619 doi:10.1038/ncomms1626 (2012) | | | Physical sciences Applied physics | | | Condensed matter | | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (416 kB) |
| Biomedical photoacoustics beyond thermal expansion using triggered nanodroplet vaporization for contrast-enhanced imaging | | | Katheryne Wilson, Kimberly Homan and Stanislav Emelianov | | | A dual-contrast agent has been developed for combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. This agent uses vaporization for ultrasound contrast enhancement and photoacoustic signal generation, providing significantly higher signals than thermal expansion, the most commonly used photoacoustic mechanism. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:618 doi:10.1038/ncomms1627 (2012) | | | Biological sciences Bioengineering | | | Nanotechnology | | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,549 kB) |
| Structural rearrangements underlying ligand-gating in Kir channels | | | Shizhen Wang, Sun-Joo Lee, Sarah Heyman, Decha Enkvetchakul and Colin G. Nichols | | | Inward rectifier potassium channels are regulated by a range of ligands that act on a common gate, but the structural details of gating are unclear. Here, the molecular motions associated with gating of KirBac1.1 channels are assessed using small molecule fluorescent probes attached to introduced cysteines. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:617 doi:10.1038/ncomms1625 (2012) | | | Biological sciences Biochemistry | | | Biophysics Neuroscience | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (722 kB) |
Supplementary Information |
| Mouse and human strategies identify PTPN14 as a modifier of angiogenesis and hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia | | | Michael Benzinou, Frederic F. Clermont, Tom G.W. Letteboer, Jai-hyun Kim, Silvia Espejel, Kelly A. Harradine, Juan Arbelaez, Minh Thu Luu, Ritu Roy, David Quigley, Mamie Nakayama Higgins, Musa Zaid, Bradley E. Aouizerat, Johannes Kristian Ploos van Amstel, Sophie Giraud, Sophie Dupuis-Girod, Gaetan Lesca, Henri Plauchu, Christopher C.W. Hughes, Cornelius J.J. Westermann and Rosemary J. Akhurst | | | Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HTT) is caused by mutations in TGFβ/bone morphogenetic protein signalling genes. Here, Benzinou et al. show that variants of PTPN14, a gene within a mouse Tgfb1 modifier locus, associate with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation in HTT patients, shedding light on the molecular aetiology of this disease. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:616 doi:10.1038/ncomms1633 (2012) | | | Biological sciences Cell biology | | | Molecular biology Genetics | | | Medical research | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (808 kB) |
Supplementary Information |
| Programmable multivalent display of receptor ligands using peptide nucleic acid nanoscaffolds | | | Ethan A. Englund, Deyun Wang, Hidetsugu Fujigaki, Hiroyasu Sakai, Christopher M. Micklitsch, Rodolfo Ghirlando, Gema Martin-Manso, Michael L. Pendrak, David D. Roberts, Stewart R. Durell and Daniel H. Appella | | | Multivalent display of integrin antagonists enhances their efficacy, but current synthetic scaffolds used to display ligands are limited in range and precision. Englund et al. develop a new scaffold to study the multivalent effects of integrin antagonists across wide ranges of ligand number, density, and 3D arrangement. | | | 10 Jan | Nat Commun 3:614 doi:10.1038/ncomms1629 (2012) | | | Chemical sciences Cancer | | | Chemical biology | | Abstract | Full Text | PDF (834 kB) |
Supplementary Information |
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