Thursday, December 15, 2011

SciBX: Science-Business eXchange Contents: December 15 2011, Volume 4 / Issue 48

SciBX: Science-Business eXchange

TABLE OF CONTENTS

December 15 2011, Volume 4 / Issue 48

Analysis

Cover Story
Translational Notes
Tools

The Distillery: Therapeutics

Autoimmune disease
Cancer
Infectious disease
Inflammation
Musculoskeletal disease
Neurology
Other

The Distillery: Techniques

Chemistry
Drug platforms
Imaging
Markers
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Analysis

Cover Story

Top

Splicing out BRAF's resistance
Kai-Jye Lou
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1340
U.S. researchers have uncovered a mechanism by which melanomas expressing mutant BRAF acquire resistance to targeted drugs. The findings mark the first time a splice variant has been implicated in cancer drug resistance.
Full Text | PDF

Translational Notes

Top

TRND take two
Chris Cain
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1341
With 14 projects in place, the NIH's Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases program will shift its focus from finding projects to building infrastructure and advancing programs into the clinic.
Full Text | PDF

Tools

Top

Picturing pathology
Tracey Baas
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1342
A Stanford team has developed a computational pathology system called C-Path that provides more accurate prognostic scores of breast cancer tissue than classical pathology. The next steps will be modifying the method to handle whole-tissue slide samples and seeing how it performs in a prospective, multicenter trial.
Full Text | PDF

Priming chemo prediction
Chris Cain
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1343
Dana-Farber researchers have developed an in vitro assay that predicts patient response to chemotherapy by directly measuring whether a cell is prone to apoptosis. Eutropics has exclusively licensed the assay and is developing it to predict chemotherapy effectiveness in multiple cancers.
Full Text | PDF

Distillery: Therapeutics

Autoimmune disease

Top

Smoothened (SMO)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1344
In vitro and mouse studies suggest increasing hedgehog signaling could help treat MS.
Full Text | PDF

Cancer

Top

NF-κB
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1345
Mouse and cell culture studies suggest pyrithione zinc and ouabain could be useful for treating AML.
Full Text | PDF

F-box protein 11 (FBXO11); B cell CLL lymphoma 6 (BCL6)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1346
In vitro and mouse studies suggest increasing FBXO11 levels could help treat BCL6-overexpressing diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Full Text | PDF

Dopamine D2 receptor
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1347
In vitro and mouse studies suggest dopamine or dopamine D2 receptor agonists could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR1; HER1; ERBB1); EGFR4 (HER4; ERBB4)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1348
Mouse studies suggest an EGF decoy receptor could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

StAR-related lipid transfer domain containing 9 (STARD9)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1349
In vitro studies suggest inhibiting STARD9 could help treat cancer.
Full Text | PDF

Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1350
Mouse studies identified an isoquinoline-based Chk1 inhibitor called SAR-020106 that could help treat colorectal cancer.
Full Text | PDF

c-Myc (MYC)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1351
In vitro studies suggest genomic c-Myc quadruplex DNA could be used to treat leukemia.
Full Text | PDF

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4A; TCF); microRNA-124 (miR-124)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1352
Mouse and patient sample studies suggest increasing signaling in the HNF4A-miR-124 pathway could help treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Full Text | PDF

BRAF; Ras
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1353
Patient and cell culture studies suggest targeting truncated BRAF variants could help treat BRAF V600E mutant melanomas that have acquired resistance to BRAF kinase inhibitors.
Full Text | PDF

Infectious disease

Top

Bacterial cystathionine β-synthase; bacterial cystathionine γ-lyase
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1354
In vitro studies suggest inhibiting hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production could help treat bacterial infections.
Full Text | PDF

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2); PGD2 receptor subtype DP1
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1355
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting PGD2 could help treat viral infections in aged populations.
Full Text | PDF

Inflammation

Top

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP; HRF)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1356
Mouse studies suggest inhibiting HRF could help treat allergy and asthma.
Full Text | PDF

Musculoskeletal disease

Top

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2); BMP7 (OP-1); CREB binding protein (CREBBP; CBP)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1357
Mouse studies suggest BMP2 and BMP7 could help prevent skeletal dysplasias caused by CBP mutations.
Full Text | PDF

Neurology

Top

4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (ABAT; GABA-AT)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1358
Rat studies identified a GABA-AT inactivator that could help treat cocaine addiction.
Full Text | PDF

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4; MKK4); MAP2K7 (MKK7)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1359
Cell culture and mouse studies suggest antagonizing MKK4 and MKK7 could help treat AD.
Full Text | PDF

Not applicable
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1360
Rat studies suggest dental-derived stem cells could help treat SCI.
Full Text | PDF

Other

Top

Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1361
Mouse and human studies suggest a recombinant BPI fragment could help decrease radiation toxicity.
Full Text | PDF

Distillery: Techniques

Chemistry

Top

High throughput identification of chiral oligomers of pentenoic amides (COPAs) as protein ligands
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1362
Screening libraries of COPAs could help identify new lead compounds.
Full Text | PDF

Photocatalytic redox method for incorporating trifluoromethyl (CF3) groups into drug compounds
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1363
A method of chemical synthesis could incorporate CF3 groups into drug compounds to help improve their in vivo stability.
Full Text | PDF

Drug platforms

Top

Chemical-genetic interaction networks for target discovery against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1364
Chemical-genetic interaction networks could help identify therapeutic targets that sensitize MRSA to antibiotics.
Full Text | PDF

Mammalian cell–based discovery of high-affinity human antibodies from IgG libraries
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1365
A human cell line–based platform could be used to generate high-affinity human antibodies from immunologically diverse IgG libraries.
Full Text | PDF

Rational design of glycoconjugate vaccines
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1366
Glycoconjugate vaccines that maximize the presentation of carbohydrate-specific T cell epitopes to the immune system could lead to the development of more effective vaccines.
Full Text | PDF

Imaging

Top

Topically applied, tumor-activated fluorescence probe for ovarian cancer biopsy and resection
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1367
A topically applied, tumor-activated fluorescence probe may help improve biopsy and resection of ovarian tumors.
Full Text | PDF

Markers

Top

Metabolomic signature for metastatic colon cancer prognosis
doi:10.1038/scibx.2011.1368
A patient study identified an NMR signature that could help determine metastatic colon cancer prognosis.
Full Text | PDF

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