Wednesday, July 27, 2011

Nature contents: 28 July 2011

 
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  Volume 475 Number 7357   
 

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 News & Comment    Biological Sciences    Chemical Sciences
 
 Physical Sciences    Earth & Environmental Sciences    Careers & Jobs
 
 
 

This week's highlights

 
 

Biological Sciences

More Biological sciences
 
Archaeopteryx-like theropod from China and the origin of Avialae
 

The discovery of yet another bird-like dinosaur fossil further complicates the picture of avian evolution, with the result that the iconic fossil Archaeopteryx is now as distant from the ancestry of modern birds as dinosaurs such as Deinonychus.

 
 
 

Physical Sciences

More Physical sciences
 
Earth's Trojan asteroid
 

Trojan asteroids are small bodies that can stably share the orbit of a planet if they remain near 'triangular points' 60° ahead of or behind it in its orbit. Jupiter has thousands and now we know that Earth has one too.

 
 
 

Earth & Environmental Sciences

More Earth & Environmental sciences
 
Carbon loss from an unprecedented Arctic tundra wildfire
 

In 2007 over 1,000 square kilometres of Alaskan tundra was destroyed by fire, releasing 2.1 teragrams of carbon into the atmosphere. Tundra fires are expected to increase as the climate warms, so combustion of 'old growth' tundra soil could constitute a positive climate feedback, accelerating the thaw and decomposition of deeper permafrost carbon.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 

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Podcast & Video

 
 

In this week's podcast: we learn how to rescue old monkeys from memory loss, hear how a new fossil is ruffling feathers in the bird family tree, and find out why we're hanging up on the aliens. Plus, the best of the rest from this week's Nature.

 
 
 
 
News & Comment Read daily news coverage top
 
 
 
 
 
 

THIS WEEK

 
 
 
 
 

Editorials

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

The legacy of Doctor Moreau ▶

 
 

Regulators must look past visceral disgust about human–animal hybrids. Strict but sensible rules are needed for research on hybrid embryos and chimaeric animals that could produce therapies.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Heart of the matter ▶

 
 

The Heartland Institute's climate conference reveals the motives of global-warming sceptics.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Origin of species ▶

 
 

Zoologists should follow botanists in allowing online-only announcements of new species.

 
 
 
 
 
 

World View

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

My year as a stem-cell blogger ▶

 
 

Paul Knoepfler explains why he joined the ranks of the blogosphere, and why you should too.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Seven Days

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Seven days: 22-28 July 2011 ▶

 
 

The week in science

 
 
 
 
 

NEWS IN FOCUS

 
 
 
 
 

Human-rights shift under fire ▶

 
 

Critics concerned by scientific bodies' move away from traditional campaigning on behalf of oppressed researchers.

 
 
 
 
 
 

NASA picks Mars landing site ▶

 
 

Curiosity rover will explore Gale Crater, which may hold clues to past habitability.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Hint of Higgs, but little more ▶

 
 

No signs of exotic new physics have yet emerged from Europe's giant particle accelerator.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Genome giant offers data service ▶

 
 

Chinese sequencing institute launches remote computing networks to crunch DNA data.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Physicists count on updated constants ▶

 
 

The latest revision of fundamental quantities bodes well for the proposed overhaul of the international system of units.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Regulations proposed for animal–human chimaeras ▶

 
 

UK lays out first framework to govern ethically sensitive research field.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Features

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Climate-change politics: The sceptic meets his match ▶

 
 

Joe Bast and his libertarian think tank are a major force among climate sceptics — but they just can't win the battle over science.

 
 
 
 
 
 

The search for alien intelligence: SETI is dead — long live SETI ▶

 
 

The closure of the Allen Telescope Array shifts the search for extraterrestrial intelligence away from big science.

 
 
 
 
 

COMMENT

 
 
 
 
 

Carbon trading needs a multi-level approach ▶

 
 

International agreements are not enough. Interlinked national and regional tools are also needed to reduce carbon emissions, say Mark Maslin and Joanne Scott.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Regulate research at the animal–human interface ▶

 
 

The time is right, says Martin Bobrow, to improve the governance of research involving animals that contain human genetic or cellular material.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Books and Arts

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Statistics: Known unknowns ▶

 
 

Andrew Robinson enjoys a history of a controversial probability tool — Bayes' theorem.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Marine science: Saving the shark ▶

 
 

Steven Campana enjoys a refreshing account of human pressure on the oceans' top predator.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Psychology: Asylum art ▶

 
 

The Prinzhorn museum shows how psychiatric patients' works have inspired artists, finds Giovanni Frazzetto.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Neuroscience: Literary inspiration ▶

 
 

Jorge Luis Borges' writings on memory foretell modern research, Gabriel Kreiman finds.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Correspondence

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Fishery reform: an economic problem John Shepherd | Fishery reform: ban political haggling Bethan C. O'Leary & Callum Roberts | In defence of green economy report Andrea Bassi & Derek Eaton | Better provenance for biobank samples Daniel Simeon-Dubach & Aurel Perren | Some more biofuel lessons from Brazil Rafael Feltran-Barbieri, Ricardo Abramovay & Jean Paul Metzger | Monitoring ash clouds for aviation Jónas Elíasson, Asgeir Palsson & Konradin Weber | Humility needed in decision-making Brian H. MacGillivray & Nick F. Pidgeon | Tweet to collaborate with poorer nations Faisal R. Ali & Alexander E. T. Finlayson

 
 
 
 
 

Corrections

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Correction ▶

 
 
 
 
 
 

Correction ▶

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 

Nature Middle East is a FREE portal site for information on scientific and medical research in the Arabic-speaking Middle East, the research community and its activities. Access the Nature Middle East House of Wisdom blog to meet, discuss, and learn. Here you can discuss the role of science in the region and share your point of view. You can also follow Nature Middle East on Facebook and Twitter.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Biological Sciences top
 
 
 
 
 
 

RESEARCH

 
 
 
 
 

Latest Online

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Frequent mutation of histone-modifying genes in non-Hodgkin lymphoma ▶

 
 

Ryan D. Morin, Maria Mendez-Lago, Andrew J. Mungall, Rodrigo Goya, Karen L. Mungall et al.

 
 

Follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are the two m...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Neocortical excitation/inhibition balance in information processing and social dysfunction ▶

 
 

Ofer Yizhar, Lief E. Fenno, Matthias Prigge, Franziska Schneider, Thomas J. Davidson et al.

 
 

Severe behavioural deficits in psychiatric diseases such as autism and schizophr...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Neuronal basis of age-related working memory decline ▶

 
 

Min Wang, Nao J. Gamo, Yang Yang, Lu E. Jin, Xiao-Jing Wang et al.

 
 

Many of the cognitive deficits of normal ageing (forgetfulness, distractibility,...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Transient dynamics of an altered large marine ecosystem ▶

 
 

Kenneth T. Frank, Brian Petrie, Jonathan A. D. Fisher & William C. Leggett

 
 

Overfishing of large-bodied benthic fishes and their subsequent population colla...

 
 
 
 
 
 

A Polycomb-based switch underlying quantitative epigenetic memory ▶

 
 

Andrew Angel, Jie Song, Caroline Dean & Martin Howard

 
 

The conserved Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) generates trimethylation of h...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Using the Acropora digitifera genome to understand coral responses to environmental change ▶

 
 

Chuya Shinzato, Eiichi Shoguchi, Takeshi Kawashima, Mayuko Hamada, Kanako Hisata et al.

 
 

Despite the enormous ecological and economic importance of coral reefs, the keys...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 structure determined by NMR molecular fragment searching ▶

 
 

Marcelo J. Berardi, William M. Shih, Stephen C. Harrison & James J. Chou

 
 

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is an integral membrane protein in the...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Articles and Letters

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

An Archaeopteryx-like theropod from China and the origin of Avialae ▶

 
 

Xing Xu, Hailu You, Kai Du & Fenglu Han

 
 

Archaeopteryx is widely accepted as being the most basal bird, and accordingly i...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Second messenger role for Mg2+ revealed by human T-cell immunodeficiency ▶

 
 

Feng-Yen Li, Benjamin Chaigne-Delalande, Chrysi Kanellopoulou, Jeremiah C. Davis, Helen F. Matthews et al.

 
 

The magnesium ion, Mg2+, is essential for all life as a cofactor for ATP, polyph...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Carbon loss from an unprecedented Arctic tundra wildfire ▶

 
 

Michelle C. Mack, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Teresa N. Hollingsworth, Randi R. Jandt, Edward A. G. Schuur et al.

 
 

Arctic tundra soils store large amounts of carbon (C) in organic soil layers hun...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Inference of human population history from individual whole-genome sequences ▶

 
 

Heng Li & Richard Durbin

 
 

The history of human population size is important for understanding human evolut...

 
 
 
 
 
 

A role for glia in the progression of Rett’s syndrome ▶

 
 

Daniel T. Lioy, Saurabh K. Garg, Caitlin E. Monaghan, Jacob Raber, Kevin D. Foust et al.

 
 

Rett’s syndrome (RTT) is an X-chromosome-linked autism spectrum disorder...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Functional mapping of single spines in cortical neurons in vivo ▶

 
 

Xiaowei Chen, Ulrich Leischner, Nathalie L. Rochefort, Israel Nelken & Arthur Konnerth

 
 

The individual functional properties and spatial arrangement of afferent synapti...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Legionella pneumophila SidD is a deAMPylase that modifies Rab1 ▶

 
 

Yunhao Tan & Zhao-Qing Luo

 
 

Legionella pneumophila actively modulates host vesicle trafficking pathways to f...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Transforming binding affinities from three dimensions to two with application to cadherin clustering ▶

 
 

Yinghao Wu, Jeremie Vendome, Lawrence Shapiro, Avinoam Ben-Shaul & Barry Honig

 
 

Membrane-bound receptors often form large assemblies resulting from binding to s...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Control of TH17 cells occurs in the small intestine ▶

 
 

Enric Esplugues, Samuel Huber, Nicola Gagliani, Anja E. Hauser, Terrence Town et al.

 
 

Interleukin (IL)-17-producing T helper cells (TH17) are a recently identified CD...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Oxysterols direct B-cell migration through EBI2 ▶

 
 

Changlu Liu, Xia V. Yang, Jiejun Wu, Chester Kuei, Neelakandha S. Mani et al.

 
 

EBI2 (also called GPR183) is an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor that is highly...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Oxysterols direct immune cell migration via EBI2 ▶

 
 

Sébastien Hannedouche, Juan Zhang, Tangsheng Yi, Weijun Shen, Deborah Nguyen et al.

 
 

Epstein–Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2, also known as GPR183) is a G-pr...

 
 
 
 
 
 

The crystal structure of GXGD membrane protease FlaK ▶

 
 

Jian Hu, Yi Xue, Sangwon Lee & Ya Ha

 
 

The GXGD proteases are polytopic membrane proteins with catalytic activities aga...

 
 
 
 
 
 

News & Views

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Palaeontology: An icon knocked from its perch ▶

 
 

Lawrence M. Witmer

 
 
 
 
 
 

Immunology: Magnesium in a signalling role ▶

 
 

Ning Wu & André Veillette

 
 
 
 
 
 

Corrigenda

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Chromatin regulation by Brg1 underlies heart muscle development and disease ▶

 
 

Calvin T. Hang, Jin Yang, Pei Han, Hsiu-Ling Cheng, Ching Shang et al.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Strontium isotope evidence for landscape use by early hominins ▶

 
 

Sandi R. Copeland, Matt Sponheimer, Darryl J. de Ruiter, Julia A. Lee-Thorp, Daryl Codron et al.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Research Highlights

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Stem cells: Edited stem cells yield healthy mice | Neurobiology: How blasts hurt the brain | Addiction: Target for blocking cocaine | Archaeology: Another origin of domestic dogs | Cell biology: Microtubules beat in sync | Microbiology: Bacteria whip around corners | Genomics: Customer data aid Parkinson's study

 
 
 
 

NEWS & COMMENT

 
 
 
 
 

The legacy of Doctor Moreau | Origin of species | Regulate research at the animal–human interface | Marine science: Saving the shark | Psychology: Asylum art | Neuroscience: Literary inspiration | Fishery reform: an economic problem John Shepherd | Fishery reform: ban political haggling Bethan C. O'Leary & Callum Roberts | Better provenance for biobank samples Daniel Simeon-Dubach & Aurel Perren | Humility needed in decision-making Brian H. MacGillivray & Nick F. Pidgeon

 
 
 
 
 
 

More Biological Sciences ▶

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chemical Sciences top
 
 
 
 
 
 

RESEARCH

 
 
 
 
 

Latest Online

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 structure determined by NMR molecular fragment searching ▶

 
 

Marcelo J. Berardi, William M. Shih, Stephen C. Harrison & James J. Chou

 
 

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is an integral membrane protein in the...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Articles and Letters

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Legionella pneumophila SidD is a deAMPylase that modifies Rab1 ▶

 
 

Yunhao Tan & Zhao-Qing Luo

 
 

Legionella pneumophila actively modulates host vesicle trafficking pathways to f...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Transforming binding affinities from three dimensions to two with application to cadherin clustering ▶

 
 

Yinghao Wu, Jeremie Vendome, Lawrence Shapiro, Avinoam Ben-Shaul & Barry Honig

 
 

Membrane-bound receptors often form large assemblies resulting from binding to s...

 
 
 
 
 
 

The crystal structure of GXGD membrane protease FlaK ▶

 
 

Jian Hu, Yi Xue, Sangwon Lee & Ya Ha

 
 

The GXGD proteases are polytopic membrane proteins with catalytic activities aga...

 
 
 
 
 
 

More Chemical Sciences ▶

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Physical Sciences top
 
 
 
 
 
 

RESEARCH

 
 
 
 
 

Articles and Letters

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Alfvénic waves with sufficient energy to power the quiet solar corona and fast solar wind ▶

 
 

Scott W. McIntosh, Bart De Pontieu, Mats Carlsson, Viggo Hansteen, Paul Boerner et al.

 
 

Energy is required to heat the outer solar atmosphere to millions of degrees (re...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Earth’s Trojan asteroid ▶

 
 

Martin Connors, Paul Wiegert & Christian Veillet

 
 

It was realized in 1772 that small bodies can stably share the same orbit as a p...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Two-photon laser spectroscopy of antiprotonic helium and the antiproton-to-electron mass ratio ▶

 
 

Masaki Hori, Anna Sótér, Daniel Barna, Andreas Dax, Ryugo Hayano et al.

 
 

Physical laws are believed to be invariant under the combined transformations of...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Carbon loss from an unprecedented Arctic tundra wildfire ▶

 
 

Michelle C. Mack, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Teresa N. Hollingsworth, Randi R. Jandt, Edward A. G. Schuur et al.

 
 

Arctic tundra soils store large amounts of carbon (C) in organic soil layers hun...

 
 
 
 
 
 

News & Views

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Precision measurement: Exciting antiprotons ▶

 
 

Mike Charlton

 
 
 
 
 
 

Astronomy: A census of the Carina complex ▶

 
 

Theodore R. Gull

 
 
 
 
 
 

Solar physics: Waves galore ▶

 
 

Peter Cargill & Ineke De Moortel

 
 
 
 
 
 

Corrigendum

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Giant boid snake from the Paleocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures ▶

 
 

Jason J. Head, Jonathan I. Bloch, Alexander K. Hastings, Jason R. Bourque, Edwin A. Cadena et al.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Research Highlights

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Materials: Shape-shifter forms box in water | Materials: Soft optics from organic gels

 
 
 
 

NEWS & COMMENT

 
 
 
 
 

Heart of the matter | Carbon trading needs a multi-level approach | Monitoring ash clouds for aviation Jónas Elíasson, Asgeir Palsson & Konradin Weber

 
 
 
 
 
 

More Physical Sciences ▶

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earth & Environmental Sciences top
 
 
 
 
 
 

RESEARCH

 
 
 
 
 

Latest Online

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

An ancient recipe for flood-basalt genesis ▶

 
 

Matthew G. Jackson & Richard W. Carlson

 
 

Large outpourings of basaltic lava have punctuated geological time, but the mech...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Using the Acropora digitifera genome to understand coral responses to environmental change ▶

 
 

Chuya Shinzato, Eiichi Shoguchi, Takeshi Kawashima, Mayuko Hamada, Kanako Hisata et al.

 
 

Despite the enormous ecological and economic importance of coral reefs, the keys...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Articles and Letters

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Earth’s Trojan asteroid ▶

 
 

Martin Connors, Paul Wiegert & Christian Veillet

 
 

It was realized in 1772 that small bodies can stably share the same orbit as a p...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Carbon loss from an unprecedented Arctic tundra wildfire ▶

 
 

Michelle C. Mack, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Teresa N. Hollingsworth, Randi R. Jandt, Edward A. G. Schuur et al.

 
 

Arctic tundra soils store large amounts of carbon (C) in organic soil layers hun...

 
 
 
 
 
 

Corrigendum

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Giant boid snake from the Paleocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures ▶

 
 

Jason J. Head, Jonathan I. Bloch, Alexander K. Hastings, Jason R. Bourque, Edwin A. Cadena et al.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Research Highlights

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Geochemistry: Air pollutants make a comeback

 
 
 
 

NEWS & COMMENT

 
 
 
 
 

Heart of the matter | Carbon trading needs a multi-level approach | In defence of green economy report Andrea Bassi & Derek Eaton | Some more biofuel lessons from Brazil Rafael Feltran-Barbieri, Ricardo Abramovay & Jean Paul Metzger | Monitoring ash clouds for aviation Jónas Elíasson, Asgeir Palsson & Konradin Weber

 
 
 
 
 
 

More Earth & Environmental Sciences ▶

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 

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Careers & Jobs top
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Graduate students: Aspirations and anxieties ▶

 
 

Nature's international student survey reveals changing career preferences — and a need for inspiring mentors.

 
 
 
     
 
 
 

Careers related news & comment

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Climate-change politics: The sceptic meets his match | Regulate research at the animal–human interface | Humility needed in decision-making Brian H. MacGillivray & Nick F. Pidgeon

 
 
 
 
 
 

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Center for Geogenetics, University of Copenhagen København, Danmark

 
 
 
 
 

Research Scientist (m / f) Molecular Biology

 
 

CureVac GmbH Tuebingen / Germany

 
 
 
 
 

Associate Director, Evidence Based Dentistry

 
 

American Dental Asssociation Chicago, IL

 
 
 
 
 

Postdoctoral Research Assistant

 
 

College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee Dundee, DD1 5EH

 
 
 
 

No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. Keep up-to-date with the latest sector trends, vote in our reader poll and sign-up to receive the monthly Naturejobs newsletter.

 
 
 
 
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Futures

 
     
 
 
 
 
 

Terminal talk ▶

 
 

Scott Akalis

 
 

Getting to grips with history....

 
 
 
 
     
 

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