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Here is your customized PHYSorg.com Newsletter for April 15, 2011:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
- WISE delivers millions of galaxies, stars, asteroids- Turning windows into powerplants
- Putting a fuel cell 'in your pocket'
- Beam me up ... Quantum teleporter breakthrough
- Bright bills in mallards helps duck semen fight bacteria
- The 70 kilo single person plane
- Fast-rotating asteroid winks for astronomer's camera
- IceCube researchers come up empty on first neutrino test
- Solar activity heats up
- Algae may be the solution to blindness
- Measuring political bias of network news
- Wii 2 goes HD?
- Mercury-containing oxides offer new perspective on mechanism of superconductivity
- Hot off the press: Nanoscale Gutenberg-style printing
- Researchers follow a path to a potential therapy for NF2, a rare tumor disorder
Space & Earth news
Cranfield university reaches record breaking depths in deep sea welding
(PhysOrg.com) -- Research at Cranfield University has led to new world record depths in deep sea subsea welding. The results will significantly impact the offshore pipeline industry across the oil and gas, and renewable energy sectors.
Rocket launches from California coast
A rocket carrying a national security payload has been successfully launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base on California's central coast.
NASA spared cuts in US spending bill passage
NASA breathed a sigh of relief on Friday after Congress approved a government spending bill that secured $18.5 billion for the US space agency, sparing it from the prospect of cuts.
Parts of fire-ravage Calif. forest to be restored
(AP) -- Nearly two years after an arsonist ignited what became the largest fire in Los Angeles County history, officials have launched an effort to restore tens of thousands of acres in some of the most severely charred areas of the mountainous Angeles National Forest.
Active Atlantic hurricane season predicted for 2011
(PhysOrg.com) -- Researchers at North Carolina State University believe that hurricane activity will be above normal in the Atlantic basin in 2011.
Earth from space: Dust and plankton
(PhysOrg.com) -- Envisat captures dust and sand from the Algerian Sahara Desert, located in northern Africa, blowing west across the Atlantic Ocean last week.
Scientists discover mechanism that could feed solar explosions
(PhysOrg.com) -- Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are violent solar explosions that can propel up to 10 billion tons of the Sun’s atmosphere – at a million miles an hour – out through the corona and into space. These fast, powerful ejections can take as little as 18 hours to reach Earth and give rise to geomagnetic storms, which can disrupt radio transmissions, induce large currents in power lines and oil pipelines, seriously disrupt spacecraft and be extremely hazardous to astronauts. New instruments on advanced spacecraft have provided fresh insight into these cataclysmic phenomena, and illuminated a path toward predicting space weather.
NASA sees Australian newborn Tropical Storm Errol's strongest T-storms off-shore
The low pressure area formerly known as System 92S has strengthened overnight and developed into Tropical Storm Errol today, April 15. Infrared imagery from NASA's Aqua satellite showed strong thunderstorms near Errol's center, but they remained off-shore from Western Australia's northern coast.
Scientists map volcanic plume under Yellowstone
Scientists using electric and magnetic sensors have mapped the size and composition of a vast plume of hot rock and briny fluid down to 200 miles below Yellowstone National Park's surface, according to a new study soon to be published.
Hydrocarbons in the deep earth
(PhysOrg.com) -- A new computational study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals how hydrocarbons may be formed from methane in deep Earth at extreme pressures and temperatures.
Researchers use GPS data to model effects of tidal loads on Earth's surface
(PhysOrg.com) -- For many people, Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite technology is little more than a high-tech version of a traditional paper map. Used in automobile navigation systems and smart phones, GPS helps folks find their way around a new neighborhood or locate a nearby restaurant. But GPS is doing much, much more for researchers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech): it's helping them find their way to a more complete understanding of Earth's interior structure.
NASA's next generation space telescope marks key milestone
(PhysOrg.com) -- The first six of 18 segments that will form NASA's James Webb Space Telescope's primary mirror for space observations will begin final round-the-clock cryogenic testing this week. These tests will confirm the mirrors will respond as expected to the extreme temperatures of space prior to integration into the telescope's permanent housing structure.
Fast-rotating asteroid winks for astronomer's camera
(PhysOrg.com) -- Video imaging of newly discovered asteroid 2011 GP59 shows the object appearing to blink on and off about once every four minutes.
NASA's new ion engine ready for missions in space
(PhysOrg.com) -- A small robotic surveyor arrives to explore a near-Earth asteroid. Another robotic spacecraft is returning to Earth with a pristine comet surface sample. Meanwhile, a robotic explorer is approaching Uranus, carrying scientific instruments that will allow us to learn more about our solar system. What do all these mission concepts have in common?
Solar activity heats up
(PhysOrg.com) -- If you've ever stood in front of a hot stove, watching a pot of water and waiting impatiently for it to boil, you know what it feels like to be a solar physicist.
Human rules may determine environmental 'tipping points'
A new paper appearing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) suggests that people, governments, and institutions that shape the way people interact may be just as important for determining environmental conditions as the environmental processes themselves.
Astronomers study unusual asteroid
A space mission will soon visit an unusual asteroid called Vesta that may turn out to not be an asteroid at all, but a minor planet.
WISE delivers millions of galaxies, stars, asteroids
(PhysOrg.com) -- Astronomers across the globe can now sift through hundreds of millions of galaxies, stars and asteroids collected in the first bundle of data from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mission.
Technology news
Taiwan's AUO, Japan's Sharp agree to drop lawsuits
Taiwanese flat panel maker AU Optronics Corp. said Friday it had signed a patent agreement with Japanese rival Sharp to dismiss ongoing lawsuits the two firms have filed against each other.
Huge old home of US envoy to Belgium goes green
(AP) -- Enormous 18th-century houses aren't known as the most energy-efficient buildings in the world. But now the 230-year-old residence of the U.S. ambassador to Belgium has gone green, thanks in large measure to donations from private companies.
New U.S. nuclear reactors unlikely soon: physicist
(PhysOrg.com) -- Japanese officials increased the nuclear crisis level at the Fukushima plant on Monday to match that of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster. But, unlike the Soviet disaster, most of the radiation from the Fukushima plant is spread locally, and that's an important distinction, said New York Times reporter Matthew Wald, who has written about energy for more than 30 years.
Paul Allen says book not revenge against Gates
(AP) -- Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen defends his new book in an upcoming episode of "60 Minutes." He says it was meant as an important slice of technology history and not as revenge against Bill Gates.
Apple soars in China as other US retailers falter
While many Western retail giants have failed to translate their American success in this booming economy, Apple is winning simply by being Apple.
Hulu booms, but its owners aren't wholly pleased
Pioneering Internet television service Hulu recently celebrated its third anniversary in a fitting locale: under the roller coaster at the Santa Monica Pier.
US video game sales fell 4 percent in March
(AP) -- U.S. retail sales of video game systems, games and accessories fell 4 percent in March as game software sales declined, according to new data from an industry group.
German nuclear exit 'would cost up to 2 bn euros'
German Economy Minister Rainer Bruederle said Friday that a switch from nuclear power to alternative forms of energy could cost Europe's top economy up to two billion euros ($2.9 billion) per year.
RIM shares drop as PlayBook panned
Shares in Canada's Research In Motion fell on Thursday as the BlackBerry maker's new tablet computer, the PlayBook, received desultory initial reviews.
India's Infosys Q4 profit up, but below forecasts
India's second-biggest outsourcer Infosys said on Friday quarterly net profit jumped nearly 14 percent but the company's shares tumbled as the figures lagged market expectations.
Google accused of unfair trade in S. Korea
South Korea's top two Internet companies filed complaints with the antitrust watchdog Friday over Google's alleged practice of stifling competition in the local mobile phone search market.
Groupon's public valuation close to $20 bln: report
US coupon deals website Groupon will likely pick Goldman Sachs Group and Morgan Stanley to be principal underwriters for its public offering later in the year, valuing the company at up to $20 billion, the Wall Street Journal said.
The way has been cleared for mega wind turbines of 20 MW
The present largest wind turbines have a capacity of 5-6 MW. Following five years of research at the joint European project UpWind, led by Risoe National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, the Technical University of Denmark (Risoe DTU), scientists now can present the first design basis for developing mega wind turbines of 20 MW.
Venture-cap investments rise in 1Q
(AP) -- Funding to U.S. startups climbed during the first three months of the year, with venture capitalists putting more money into fewer companies, according to a study scheduled to be released Friday. Despite the decline in deals, the growth may indicate an improvement in the health of the venture investment market.
Philippines launches electric tricycles
The Philippines wants to replace millions of petrol-powered tricycles with electric ones as part of efforts to clean up the nation's polluting mass transport system, President Benigno Aquino said Friday.
Twitter and natural disasters: Crisis communication lessons from the Japan tsunami
Adam Acar and Yuya Muraki of the Kobe City University of Foreign Studies surveyed and questioned Twitter users and tracked updates from people in the disaster-struck area on the social media site two weeks after the Tohoku earthquake and devastating tsunami of March 11. They hoped to determine what benefits such a system can bring to people involved in a disaster and to those hoping to hear news.
Google tips hat to Charlie Chaplin with video doodle
Google paid tribute to Charlie Chaplin on Friday by transforming the celebrated logo on its homepage into a silent movie.
Sex predator-nabbing US hacker sentenced to prison
A US Internet vigilante who created a computer virus to attack media outlets publishing embarrassing articles about him was sentenced Friday to two years in prison.
11 charged in US crackdown on online poker
Eleven people have been charged with bank fraud, money laundering, illegal gambling and other offenses in a crackdown on the three largest online poker companies operating in the United States.
Want to save fuel? Fly a kite, German inventor says
The blue-hulled vessel would slip by unnoticed on most seas if not for the white kite, high above her prow, towing her to what its creators hope will be a bright, wind-efficient future.
New site to use crowd-sourcing as means to translate the internet
(PhysOrg.com) -- If you're Google and you're looking for the next crowd-sourcing piece to add to your already massive portfolio, it would seem Professor Luis von Ahn, of Carnegie Mellon, would be your man. After several previous successful ventures, Professor Ahn now believes he has a workable way to get millions of web users the world over to translate the Internet into every conceivable language, for free. The site, now sitting on the cusp of release, is to be called Duolingo, an appropriate name if ever there was one, for a site that will make creative use of people learning foreign languages by having them translate actual web content.
Intel, Micron sample 20nm NAND flash
Intel and Micron Technology today introduced a new, finer 20-nanometer (nm) process technology for manufacturing NAND flash memory. The new 20nm process produces an 8-gigabyte (GB) multi-level cell (MLC) NAND flash device, providing a high-capacity, small form factor storage option for saving music, video, books and other data on smartphones, tablets and computing solutions such as solid-state drives (SSDs).
White House unveils cyber ID proposal (Update)
The White House unveiled a plan on Friday designed to boost confidence and business in cyberspace through the creation of a single, secure online credential.
The 70 kilo single person plane
(PhysOrg.com) -- Aki Suokas, a Finnish aeronautical engineer, has just finished creating a unique single-seat aircraft this week. The project was completed at Aero Friedrichshafen, and it has been dubbed the FlyNano.
Medicine & Health news
Study examines new treatment for recurrent urinary tract infections
Urinary tract infections are common in women, costing an estimated $2.5 billion per year to treat in 2000 in the United States alone. These infections frequently recur, affecting 2 to 3 percent of all women. A depletion of vaginal lactobacilli, a type of bacteria, is associated with urinary tract infection risk, which suggests that replenishing these bacteria may be beneficial. Researchers conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled trial to investigate this theory. Their results are published in Clinical Infectious Diseases.
Mortality rate is increased in persons with autism who also have epilepsy
A comprehensive investigation of brain tissue donated to the Autism Speaks Autism Tissue Program (ATP), a postmortem brain tissue donation program, determined that one-third of the brain donors with autism also had epilepsy, and co-morbidity data from the California State Department of Developmental Services revealed a higher than expected rate of mortality in individuals with both autism and epilepsy than for individuals with autism alone.
Artificial pancreas may improve overnight control of diabetes in adults
Two small randomised trials published in the British Medical Journal today suggest that closed loop insulin delivery (also known as an artificial pancreas) may improve overnight blood glucose control and reduce the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia (a sudden drop in blood glucose levels during the night) in adults with type 1 diabetes.
Drug may help sickest patients
(PhysOrg.com) -- Patients in critical care have a larger risk for dangerous blood clots because they are immobile and usually have heart or breathing problems. However, an international study by McMaster University researchers has found promise in a lower dose formula of the blood-thinning drug dalteparin.
Warning to breastfeeding mothers
While breastfeeding babies has numerous health advantages to both mother and child, mothers who breastfeed may find that other people look down on them and do not want to work with them. A recent study released by Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin found that mothers who breastfeed are viewed as less competent than other women.
Introducing the world's first intubation robot
First there was McSleepy. Now it's time to introduce the first intubation robot operated by remote control. This robotic system named The Kepler Intubation System (KIS), and developed by Dr. Thomas M. Hemmerling, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) specialist and McGill University Professor of Anesthesia and his team, may facilitate the intubation procedure and reduce some complications associated with airway management. The world's first robotic intubation in a patient was performed at the Montreal General Hospital earlier this month by Dr. Hemmerling.
Consider bone test for many conditions, medications
When it comes to bone health, age and family history of osteoporosis aren’t the only reasons to consider testing for fracture risk.
Personnel selling nail guns know little about the dangerous tools
Buyer beware may be the best approach when it comes to purchasing a nail gun. Duke University Medical Center researchers found that personnel selling these dangerous tools know little about them or how to use them safely, despite a number of effective safety measures available.
Geneticist solves airport baby riddle
A University of Edinburgh researcher has helped a man abandoned at birth in Gatwick airport to trace his genetic roots.
Large study finds ICS therapy reduces pneumonia mortality
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who are hospitalized for pneumonia and treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have decreased mortality when compared to those who are not treated with ICS, according to a retrospective analysis of almost 16,000 COPD patients admitted to VA hospitals.
CDC: NBA stomach bug outbreak affected 13 teams
(AP) -- U.S. health officials say last fall's outbreak of a stomach virus that swept through pro basketball teams sickened 21 players on 13 teams.
Health care-associated infections are exacerbated by alcohol use disorders
Hospital patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are at an increased risk of developing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which affect 1.7 million patients annually in the United States. HAIs are infections that patients acquire during their hospitalization and that were not present at the time of admission to the hospital. A new study has found that people with AUDs who develop HAIs have longer hospital stays, thousands of dollars of higher hospital costs, and much greater odds of dying.
Genital herpes more virulent in Africa than in US
Strains of genital herpes in Africa are far more virulent than those in the United States, researchers at Harvard Medical School report, a striking insight into a common disease with important implications for preventing HIV transmission in a region staggered by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The researchers arrived at this finding by testing mouse model strains of the disease against vaccine candidates. All vaccines were far more efficacious in abating the U.S. strain.
Crash rates may be higher for teen drivers who start school earlier in the morning
A study in the April 15 issue of the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine shows increased automobile crash rates among teen drivers who start school earlier in the morning.
Nationwide study finds US meat and poultry is widely contaminated
Drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacteria linked to a wide range of human diseases, are present in meat and poultry from U.S. grocery stores at unexpectedly high rates, according to a nationwide study by the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen).
Controversial TOFT theory of cancer versus SMT model: Authors do battle in BioEssays
Writing in BioEssays, cancer scientists Ana Soto and Carlos Sonnenschein pit their controversial Tissue Organization Field Theory (TOFT) of the origin of cancer against the widely accepted Somatic Mutation Theory (SMT) in what is believed to be the first time the two theories have formally opposed each other – championed by authors from opposite sides of the debate – in a common forum for discussion.
Can nudging help fight the obesity epidemic?
With obesity rates soaring, the government has been promoting nudge – a strategy that does not tell people how to live but encourages them to make healthy choices in respect of diet and exercise.
Childhood eczema and hay fever leads to adult allergic asthma
(PhysOrg.com) -- Children who have eczema, particularly when occurring with hay fever, are nine times more likely to develop allergic asthma in their 40s, a new study reveals.
Study documents PBDE flame retardant levels in children
(PhysOrg.com) -- A group of 264 Mexican-American children living in California had higher levels of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants in their blood serum than 283 counterparts living in Mexico, according to research published online April 15 ahead of print in the peer-reviewed journal Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP).
Molecular switch affects panic disorder
Panic disorder sufferers will tell you the attacks are some of the most sudden, frightening and uncomfortable experiences ever. But what makes some people susceptible to these attacks and others not? Studies of twins point to hereditary factors playing a key role in 40% of cases. How genes are involved in panic disorder risk is unclear, however. A European group of researchers has implicated one type of molecular switch, short or micro ribonucleic acid molecules (miRNAs) in panic disorder. The research, funded in part by the EU, is presented in the journal Biological Psychiatry.
People know when first impressions are accurate
First impressions are important, and they usually contain a healthy dose both of accuracy and misperception. But do people know when their first impressions are correct? They do reasonably well, according to a study in the current Social Psychological and Personality Science.
Experimental drug inhibits cell signaling pathway and slows ovarian cancer growth
An experimental drug that blocks two points of a crucial cancer cell signaling pathway inhibits the growth of ovarian cancer cells and significantly increases survival in an ovarian cancer mouse model, a study at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center has found.
Researchers unlock key to personalized cancer medicine using tumor metabolism
Identifying gene mutations in cancer patients to predict clinical outcome has been the cornerstone of cancer research for nearly three decades, but now researchers at the Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson have invented a new approach that instead links cancer cell metabolism with poor clinical outcome. This approach can now be applied to virtually any type of human cancer cell.
Merck pays J&J $500mn in drug row settlement
Merck said Friday it has agreed to pay fellow US pharmaceutical giant Johnson & Johnson $500 million to end a two-year tussle over profit-sharing deals for two anti-inflammatory drugs.
Self-control key to happier life
(PhysOrg.com) -- New Zealand’s first symposium exploring how self-control in young children leads to better outcomes in later life is being hosted at the Wellington campus by Massey University’s School of Public Health on Monday. It is being held in association with the National Centre for Lifecourse Research and the University of Otago.
SLU neurosurgeon pushes brain bypass to new heights
On the cover of a recent edition of the journal Neurosurgery, the highest circulation medical journal in the field, readers saw an artist's intricate depiction of the high-flow brain bypass technique developed by SLU professor of neurosurgery, Saleem Abdulrauf, M.D.
New procedure promises to be a breakthrough in lung transplants
For decades, heart and lung transplant surgeons have followed a strict directive: Get the donor organ into the recipient as soon as possible.
FDA clears first-of-a-kind device for brain cancer
(AP) -- Medical device maker Novocure says it has received U.S. approval for a first-of-a-kind treatment which fights cancerous brain tumors using electrical energy fields.
Non-cardiac surgery: Safe for patients with heart device
Non-cardiac surgery can be performed safely in patients with a heart device typically implanted into patients waiting for a transplant, according to a study at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit.
Population-based study confirms parental alcoholism carries risk for offspring to develop the same
Researchers know that there is a strong link between parental alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and the risk for developing an AUD among their offspring. This study looked at the risk of AUDs in the offspring of a large population-based sample of Danish parents. Findings confirmed that parental AUDs were associated with an increased risk of AUDs among the offspring.
Researchers link alcohol-dependence impulsivity to brain anomalies
Researchers already know that alcohol dependence (AD) is strongly associated with impaired impulse control or, more precisely, the inability to choose large, delayed rewards rather than smaller but more immediate rewards. Findings from a study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural basis of impulsive choice among individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) suggest that impulsive choice in AD may be the result of functional anomalies in widely distributed but interconnected brain regions that are involved in cognitive and emotional control.
Drinking energy beverages mixed with alcohol may be riskier than drinking alcohol alone
Energy drinks mixed with alcohol, such as Red Bull and vodka, have become trendy. While this consumption has been implicated in risky drinking practices and associated accidents and injuries, there is little laboratory research on how the effects of this combination differ from those of drinking alcohol alone. A recent laboratory study, comparing measures of intoxication due to alcohol alone versus alcohol/energy drink, has found that the combination of the energy drink enhanced feelings of stimulation in participants. However, the energy drink did not change the level of impairment for impulsive behavior. These findings suggest that energy drinks combined with alcohol may increase the risks associated with drinking.
Experts: Store blood cells from Japan nuke workers
Workers at Japan's troubled nuclear plant should store blood cells now in case they need them later as treatment for radiation overdose, some Japanese experts suggest.
Blood test could predict metastasis risk in melanoma
Scientists at Yale University have identified a set of plasma biomarkers that could reasonably predict the risk of metastasis among patients with melanoma, according to findings published in Clinical Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
Neurological basis for embarrassment described
Recording people belting out an old Motown tune and then asking them to listen to their own singing without the accompanying music seems like an unusually cruel form of punishment. But for a team of scientists at the University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, this exact Karaoke experiment has revealed what part of the brain is essential for embarrassment.
Inability to detect sarcasm, lies may be early sign of dementia, study shows
(PhysOrg.com) -- By asking a group of older adults to analyze videos of other people conversing -- some talking truthfully, some insincerely -- a group of scientists at the University of California, San Francisco has determined which areas of the brain govern a person's ability to detect sarcasm and lies.
Researchers complete whole-exome sequencing of skin cancer
A team led by researchers at the National Institutes of Health is the first to systematically survey the landscape of the melanoma genome, the DNA code of the deadliest form of skin cancer. The researchers have made surprising new discoveries using whole-exome sequencing, an approach that decodes the 1-2 percent of the genome that contains protein-coding genes. The study appears in the April 15, 2011, early online issue of Nature Genetics.
How beliefs shape effort and learning
If it was easy to learn, it will be easy to remember. Psychological scientists have maintained that nearly everyone uses this simple rule to assess their own learning.
Algae may be the solution to blindness
(PhysOrg.com) -- The song about three blind mice may just be a song of the past according to new research presented by neuroscientist Alan Horsager from the Institute of Genetic Medicine at the University of Southern California with the report set to appear in Molecular Therapy. Using genes from algae injected into the retina, Horsager hopes this research will lead to a treatment for some forms of blindness.
Researchers follow a path to a potential therapy for NF2, a rare tumor disorder
The proteins that provide cells with a sense of personal space could lead to a therapeutic target for Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2), an inherited cancer disorder, according to researchers at The Wistar Institute. Their findings, which appear in the April 12 issue of the journal Cancer Cell, could have profound implications for NF2 and related cancers, such as mesothelioma.
Biology news
Sky's no limit in high-аlying goose chase
Jessica Meir turns around and looks at the gaggle of geese behind her and asks "Are you guys ready?"
Preserving a world favourite flavor
(PhysOrg.com) -- It’s one of the world’s two best-loved flavors and demand for it is increasing all the time but now its future in the global food industry could be more secure, thanks to research at The University of Nottingham’s Malaysia campus.
Molecular messages from the antennae
(PhysOrg.com) -- Insects use their antennae for smelling and thus for locating resources in their environment. In an online first article published today, Max Planck researchers present the first complete analysis of genes involved in antennal olfaction of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. Approximately 70 different receptors expressed in some 100,000 neurons allow these moths to detect a large number of odors and to perform relevant door-guided behaviors. This is the first more or less complete antennal transcriptome characterized in a non-model insect.
Bright bills in mallards helps duck semen fight bacteria
(PhysOrg.com) -- The male Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is known for its colorful neck and a bill that ranges in color from dull green to bright yellow, depending on the amount of carotenoid pigment it contains. Females favor the males with the most colorful bills, and now new research in Norway has shown that these males produce semen with better antibacterial properties.
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