2 September 2010 Volume 467 Number 7311, pp 7 - 124
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EDITORIALS
----------------------
A law in time? p7
Congress must act quickly to save US stem-cell research.
doi:10.1038/467007a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
How continents persist p7
Earth scientists have explained why Canada and South Africa are still
here.
doi:10.1038/467007b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=99&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Vascular biology: Clot catcher p8
doi:10.1038/467008a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=95&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astronomy: Dance of two planets p8
doi:10.1038/467008b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cancer biology: Targeting skin tumours p8
doi:10.1038/467008c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Animal behaviour: Lobster shock p8
doi:10.1038/467008d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Tissue engineering: Vision restored p8
doi:10.1038/467008e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=79&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecology: Tree death count pp8-9
doi:10.1038/467008f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=124&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Electrical cell tuning p9
doi:10.1038/467009a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=93&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Materials science: Adjustable pore size p9
doi:10.1038/467009b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=107&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Zoology: Insulin drops, so does sex p9
doi:10.1038/467009c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=101&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Microbiology: Bacterial resettlement p9
doi:10.1038/467009d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=120&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p9
John A. Rogers
doi:10.1038/467009e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=114&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS
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News briefing: 27 August–2 September 2010 pp10-11
The week in science.
doi:10.1038/467010a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=1&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Stem-cell work thrown into limbo pp12-13
US district-court ruling suspends federal funding for research
involving human embryonic stem cells.
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/467012a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate panel must adapt to survive p14
Review recommends better governance and transparency for the IPCC in
the face of more public scrutiny.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/467014a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecologists fear Antarctic krill crisis p15
Fishing industry threatens to destabilize stocks.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/467015a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=240&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The mystery of the missing oil plume p16
Confounding reports seed confusion over long-term effects of the
spill.
Amanda Mascarelli
doi:10.1038/467016a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=238&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cold blamed for Bolivia's mass fish deaths p17
Extreme weather wreaks havoc in the rivers.
Anna Petherick
doi:10.1038/467017a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=237&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS FEATURES
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Nanotechnology: Small wonders pp18-21
The US National Nanotechnology Initiative has spent billions of
dollars on submicroscopic science in its first 10 years. Corie Lok
finds out where the money went and what the initiative plans to do
next.
doi:10.1038/467018a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=268&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Deepwater Horizon: After the oil pp22-24
When oil stopped gushing into the Gulf of Mexico, the ecosystems
under assault started on a long road to recovery. Amanda Mascarelli
meets the researchers assessing their chances.
doi:10.1038/467022a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=266&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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COLUMN
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World view: Politicize me p26
Barack Obama is finding that sometimes politics needs to put science
in its place, says Daniel Sarewitz.
Daniel Sarewitz
doi:10.1038/467026a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=263&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Stem-cell decision is no threat to federal science funding p27
Samuel B. Casey
doi:10.1038/467027a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=38&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Irish research cuts threaten economic recovery p27
Kevin Turner
doi:10.1038/467027b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Games and play mean different things in an educational context p27
Anthony D. Pellegrini
doi:10.1038/467027c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=36&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Mosquitoes: more likely nectar thieves than pollinators p27
David W. Inouye
doi:10.1038/467027d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=30&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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OPINION
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Seafood stewardship in crisis pp28-29
The main consumer-targeted certification scheme for sustainable
fisheries is failing to protect the environment and needs radical
reform, say Jennifer Jacquet, Daniel Pauly and colleagues.
Jennifer Jacquet et al.
doi:10.1038/467028a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BOOKS AND ARTS
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Soil map digs under the tundra pp30-31
An ambitious atlas that charts the composition of frozen northern
soils highlights their contribution to climate change, finds
Philippe Ciais.
Philippe Ciais reviews Soil Atlas of the Northern Circumpolar Region
by A. Jones, V. Stolbovoy, C. Tarnocai, G. Broll, O. Spaargaren and
L. Montanarella
doi:10.1038/467030a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=54&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
On markets and collective mood p31
David Berreby reviews Mood Matters: From Rising Skirt Lengths to the
Collapse of World Powers by John L. Casti
doi:10.1038/467031a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=52&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Books in brief p32
Joanne Baker
doi:10.1038/467032a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A smart vision of brain hacking p32
Christof Koch reviews Inception by Christopher Nolan
doi:10.1038/467032b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
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Biological physics: Filaments band together pp33-34
Theoretical models of the dynamics of self-driven systems predict the
collective motion of biological systems, such as insect swarms. An
experimental model has been developed to test the predictions.
Jean-Francois Joanny and Sriram Ramaswamy
doi:10.1038/467033a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Microbiology: Altruistic defence pp34-35
A charitable deed by a few cells in a bacterial culture can help the
rest of that population survive in the presence of antibiotics. This
finding can aid further research into a major problem in public health.
Hyun Youk and Alexander van Oudenaarden
doi:10.1038/467034a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astrophysics: Unexpected warm water pp35-36
The detection of water vapour in a carbon star has challenged the
understanding of ageing stars. The discovery that such water can be
warm shows that our knowledge of these objects is still rudimentary.
Bengt Gustafsson
doi:10.1038/467035a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Alzheimer's disease: Selectively tuning [gamma]-secretase pp36-37
Presenilin proteins have a major role in normal cellular processes,
but some contribute to disease, for example through the formation of
amyloid-[beta]. The way in which these different roles are regulated
is now becoming clearer.
Peter St George-Hyslop and Gerold Schmitt-Ulms
doi:10.1038/467036a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=23&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Laser science: Suckers for light pp37-39
An optical device has been designed that performs a function exactly
opposite to that of a laser. It perfectly absorbs incoming coherent
radiation and turns it into thermal or electrical energy.
Claire F. Gmachl
doi:10.1038/467037a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=25&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Regenerative medicine: Heart redevelopment pp39-40
Scientists report the conversion of one type of differentiated cell,
the fibroblast, into another -- the cardiomyocyte. This approach may
find use in regenerative strategies for the repair of damaged hearts.
Richard P. Harvey
doi:10.1038/467039a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=20&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
50 & 100 years ago p40
doi:10.1038/467040a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=18&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Obituary: Donald Charles Backer (1943-2010) p41
Astronomer who discovered a new class of pulsar.
S. R. Kulkarni
doi:10.1038/467041a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=270&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ARISING
----------------------
Atom gravimeters and gravitational redshift pE1
Peter Wolf et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09340
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=152&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=274&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Muller, Peters & Chu reply pE2
Holger Muller, Achim Peters and Steven Chu
doi:10.1038/nature09341
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=151&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=279&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Can controversies be put to REST? ppE3-E4
Helle F. Jorgensen and Amanda G. Fisher
doi:10.1038/nature09305
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=276&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Singh et al. reply pE5
Sanjay K. Singh et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09306
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=248&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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REVIEW
----------------------
The impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in
China pp43-51
China has tremendous climatic and ecological diversity, so the
impacts of climate change on natural and managed systems might
likewise be expected to be diverse. Yet so far systematic studies
have been rare. Here, the impacts of historical and future climate
change on water resources and agriculture in China are assessed.
Despite clear trends in climate, the overall impacts are overshadowed
by natural variability and uncertainties in crop responses and
projected climate, especially precipitation.
Shilong Piao et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09364
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=169&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=258&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
Integrating common and rare genetic variation in diverse human
populations pp52-58
Here, the analysis of 'HapMap 3' is reported -- a public data set of
genomic variants in human populations. The resource integrates common
and rare single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number
polymorphisms (CNPs) from 11 global populations, providing insights
into population-specific differences among variants. It also
demonstrates the feasibility of imputing newly discovered rare SNPs
and CNPs.
The International HapMap 3 Consortium
doi:10.1038/nature09298
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=168&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=261&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neurotrophin receptors TrkA and TrkC cause neuronal death whereas
TrkB does not pp59-63
Neurons of the peripheral nervous system need survival factors to
prevent their death during development. Most in the central nervous
system do not. Why are peripheral neurons so needy? Here it is shown
that the neurotrophin receptors TrkA and TrkC, expressed at high
levels by many peripheral nervous system neurons, behave as
dependence receptors: they instruct neurons to die if there is no
ligand around. By contrast, TrkB, expressed mainly in the central
nervous system, does not signal death in the absence of ligand.
Vassiliki Nikoletopoulou et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09336
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=167&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=223&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
Warm water vapour in the sooty outflow from a luminous carbon star
pp64-67
Water has been predicted to be almost absent in carbon-rich stars,
so the detection of water vapour around the ageing carbon star
IRC + 10216 challenged our understanding of the chemistry in old
stars. Several explanations for the water have been postulated, but
with only one water line detected it is difficult to discriminate
between them. Now, dozens of water vapour lines have been detected
in the far-infrared and sub-millimetre spectrum of IRC + 10216.
L. Decin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09344
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=166&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Single-atom-resolved fluorescence imaging of an atomic Mott
insulator pp68-72
For several years, researchers have aspired to record in situ images
of a quantum fluid in which each underlying quantum particle is
detected. This goal has now been achieved: here, fluorescence
imaging is reported of strongly interacting bosonic Mott insulators
in an optical lattice, with single-atom and single-site resolution.
The approach opens up new avenues for the manipulation, analysis and
applications of strongly interacting quantum gases on a lattice.
Jacob F. Sherson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09378
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=165&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=234&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Polar patterns of driven filaments pp73-77
Collective motion is a ubiquitous self-organization phenomenon that
can be observed in systems ranging from flocks of animals to the
cytoskeleton. Similarities between these systems suggest that there
are universal underlying principles. This idea can be tested with
'active' or 'driven' fluids, but so far such systems have offered
limited parameter control. Here, an active fluid is studied that
contains only a few components -- actin filaments and molecular
motors -- allowing the control of all relevant system parameters.
Volker Schaller et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09312
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=163&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Olivine water contents in the continental lithosphere and the
longevity of cratons pp78-81
Cratons, the ancient cores of continents, extend laterally for
hundreds of kilometres, and are underlain to depths of 180-250 km by
mantle roots that are chemically and physically distinct from
surrounding mantle. But how can these roots stay so isolated from
mantle convection? Here it is shown that olivine in peridotite
xenoliths from the lithosphere-athenosphere boundary region of the
Kaapvaal craton mantle root is water-poor, providing sufficient
viscosity contrast with the underlying asthenosphere to explain the
root's stability.
Anne H. Peslier, Alan B. Woodland, David R. Bell and Marina Lazarov
doi:10.1038/nature09317
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=162&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=121&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Bacterial charity work leads to population-wide resistance pp82-85
Bacteria regularly evolve antibiotic resistance, but little is known
about this process at the population level. Here, a continuous
culture of Escherichia coli facing increasing antibiotic levels is
followed. Most isolates taken from this population are less
antibiotic resistant than the population as a whole. A few highly
resistant mutants provide protection to the less resistant
constituents, in part by producing the signalling molecule indole,
which serves to turn on drug efflux pumps and oxidative-stress
protective mechanisms.
Henry H. Lee, Michael N. Molla, Charles R. Cantor and
James J. Collins
doi:10.1038/nature09354
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=161&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=4&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
OncomiR addiction in an in vivo model of microRNA-21-induced
pre-B-cell lymphoma pp86-90
One model for cancer development posits that the proliferating cells
in a tumour can become 'addicted' to activating mutations in an
oncogene. With the realization that certain microRNAs promote
tumorigenesis, it has been proposed that tumours may also become
dependent on such 'oncomiRs'. Here, evidence is provided that the
gene encoding microRNA-21 is an oncogene, and that in its absence,
tumours undergo apoptosis and regress. Thus tumours can indeed become
addicted to oncomiRs.
Pedro P. Medina, Mona Nolde and Frank J. Slack
doi:10.1038/nature09284
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=160&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A spindle-independent cleavage furrow positioning pathway pp91-94
The mitotic spindle plays a key part in determining the site of the
cleavage furrow in dividing metazoan cells. But are other mechanisms
also involved? Here evidence is provided for a spindle-independent
pathway for furrow positioning that occurs during asymmetric divisions
of Drosophila neuroblast cells. The pathway involves the Pins protein
complex, which polarizes furrow-forming proteins to the basal cortex
of the cell. This mechanism might also occur in other highly polarized
cell types.
Clemens Cabernard, Kenneth E. Prehoda and Chris Q. Doe
doi:10.1038/nature09334
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=68&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Gamma-secretase activating protein is a therapeutic target for
Alzheimer's disease pp95-98
A major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the accumulation in the
brain of amyloid-[beta] peptide. This is generated by
[gamma]-secretase, which is thus of interest as a target for drugs to
prevent amyloid-[beta] accumulation. A problem is that
[gamma]-secretase has other substrates, including Notch, important
in development. Here, a [gamma]-secretase activating protein is
identified that increases amyloid-[beta] production without affecting
Notch. Thus this protein can serve as an amyloid-[beta]-lowering drug
target without affecting other functions of [gamma]-secretase.
Gen He et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09325
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=247&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neurological disease mutations compromise a C-terminal ion pathway in
the Na+/K+-ATPase pp99-102
The Na+/K+-ATPase pumps three sodium ions out of and two potassium
ions into the cell while splitting a single molecule of ATP. Here it
is found that the carboxy terminus of the ATPase's [alpha]-subunit is
also a key regulator of a previously unrecognized ion pathway. The
data indicate that, in the ATPase's potassium-bound state, a
cytoplasmic proton can enter and stabilize site III when empty. When
potassium is released, the proton returns to the cytoplasm, thus
permitting an overall asymmetric stoichiometry of the transported
ions.
Hanne Poulsen et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09309
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=249&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=180&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genome-wide measurement of RNA secondary structure in yeast pp103-107
Experimental determination of the secondary structure of RNA molecules
has usually been carried out on a case-by-case basis. Now, however, a
deep-sequencing approach has been used to profile the secondary
structure of 3,000 distinct messenger RNA transcripts from
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results provide interesting hints about
the role of secondary structure in protein translation, and set the
stage for the examination of how such structures can change in
response to environmental conditions.
Michael Kertesz et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09322
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=251&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=174&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Mechanism of the ATP-dependent DNA end-resection machinery from
Saccharomyces cerevisiae pp108-111
When double-strand breaks occur in DNA, the broken ends must undergo
processing to prepare them for repair. Here, and in an accompanying
study, this processing reaction has now been replicated in vitro
using yeast proteins. Processing minimally requires the activities
of a helicase, a nuclease and a single-strand-binding protein,
although the reaction is enhanced by the addition of three factors
that help to target the core complex and stimulate the unwinding
activity.
Hengyao Niu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09318
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=253&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=178&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
DNA end resection by Dna2-Sgs1-RPA and its stimulation by Top3-Rmi1
and Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 pp112-116
When double-strand breaks occur in DNA, the broken ends must undergo
processing to prepare them for repair. Here, and in an accompanying
study, this processing reaction has now been replicated in vitro
using yeast proteins. Processing minimally requires the activities
of a helicase, a nuclease and a single-strand-binding protein,
although the reaction is enhanced by the addition of three factors
that help to target the core complex and stimulate the unwinding
activity.
Petr Cejka et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09355
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=256&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=197&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Careers Q&A
Fekrije Selimi p119
Fekrije Selimi, a neurobiologist at the National Center for
Scientific Research in Paris, received the Boehringer Ingelheim
Federation of European Neurosciences award in July. She tells Nature
how she embraces career challenges.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7311-119a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=132&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Canadian fellowships p119
Postdoctoral programme pays double the average annual stipend.
doi:10.1038/nj7311-119b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=136&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Postdocs form union p119
University of California students join forces and negotiate.
doi:10.1038/nj7311-119c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=133&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Influx of students to US p119
Admission offers to students from China rise by 16%.
doi:10.1038/nj7311-119d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=144&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Careers and Recruitment
The right fit p120
Choosing a postdoc doesn't just mean finding the right research
programme. Jeffrey Perkel looks at the other factors to consider.
Jeffrey Perkel
doi:10.1038/nj7311-120a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=141&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Health tips for traveller p124
Your safety is our concern.
David W. Goldman
doi:10.1038/467124a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=195&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
01 September 2010
Selectivity mechanism of the nuclear pore complex characterized by
single cargo tracking
Alan R. Lowe et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09285
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=200&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=200&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
High-speed graphene transistors with a self-aligned nanowire gate
Lei Liao et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09405
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
29 August 2010
Identification of a quality-control mechanism for mRNA 5'-end capping
Xinfu Jiao et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09338
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=150&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=150&m=35753880&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODA4OTY4NTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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