29 July 2010 Volume 466 Number 7306, pp 531 - 660
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EDITORIALS
----------------------
How to feed a hungry world pp531-532
Producing enough food for the world's population in 2050 will be easy.
But doing it at an acceptable cost to the planet will depend on
research into everything from high-tech seeds to low-tech farming
practices.
doi:10.1038/466531a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Save the census p532
The Canadian government should rethink its decision to change the
way census data are collected.
doi:10.1038/466532a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=98&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
----------------------
Palaeontology: Burrow builders p534
doi:10.1038/466534a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=95&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Physics: Mini mass p534
doi:10.1038/466534b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Geoscience: When sea ice melts p534
doi:10.1038/466534c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Materials science: Shape shifts heat tolerance p534
doi:10.1038/466534d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecology: Shrubs survive warming p534
doi:10.1038/466534e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=78&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Movement decoded pp534-535
doi:10.1038/466534f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=124&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Remote sensing: Great heights p535
doi:10.1038/466535a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=93&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Public health: HIV blocker p535
doi:10.1038/466535b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=107&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astrophysics: Magnetic star p535
doi:10.1038/466535c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=101&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Animal locomotion: Gutsy move p535
doi:10.1038/466535d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=119&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
JOURNAL CLUB
----------------------
Journal club p535
Kenji Doya
doi:10.1038/466535e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=113&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS
----------------------
News briefing: 23–29 July 2010 pp536-537
The week in science.
doi:10.1038/466536a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Freedom of spill research threatened p538
Scientists call for impartial funding and open data as BP and
government agencies contract researchers.
Amanda Mascarelli
doi:10.1038/466538a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=233&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Therapeutic HIV vaccines show promise p539
Clinical trials hint that treatment strategy is not a dead end.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/466539a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=230&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
A closer look at cosmic impacts pp540-541
Moon-crater survey could improve Solar System surface-dating methods.
Roberta Kwok
doi:10.1038/466540a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=228&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Retraction recommended for enzyme-chip paper pp540-541
Reactome array study should not have been published, says ethics
committee.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/466540b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=226&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
US seeks solar flair for fuels p541
Energy department launches initiative to commercialize artificial
photosynthesis.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/466541a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=260&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Fears over Europe's GM crop plan pp542-543
A proposal to let nations opt out of growing European-approved GM
varieties is under fire from all sides.
Andrea Chipman
doi:10.1038/466542a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=257&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
US charges scientist with economic espionage pp542-543
Could publishing a paper make you a spy?
Sharon Weinberger
doi:10.1038/466542b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=255&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Protein mapping gains a human focus p544
Next phase of the US Protein Structure Initiative enlists biologists
to help crack tough human receptors.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/466544a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=246&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Corrections p544
doi:10.1038/466544b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=250&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS FEATURES
----------------------
Food: The growing problem pp546-547
World hunger remains a major problem, but not for the reasons many
suspect. Nature analyses the trends and the challenges of feeding
9 billion by 2050.
doi:10.1038/466546a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=237&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Food: Inside the hothouses of industry pp548-551
Feeding the world is going to require the scientific and financial
muscle of agricultural biotechnology companies. Natasha Gilbert
asks whether they're up to the task.
doi:10.1038/466548a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=239&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Food: An underground revolution pp552-553
Plant breeders are turning their attention to roots to increase
yields without causing environmental damage. Virginia Gewin unearths
some promising subterranean strategies.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/466552a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=234&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Food: The global farm pp554-556
With its plentiful sun, water and land, Brazil is quickly surpassing
other countries in food production and exports. But can it continue
to make agricultural gains without destroying the Amazon?
Jeff Tollefson reports from Brazil.
doi:10.1038/466554a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=236&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
OPINIONS
----------------------
Monitoring the world's agriculture pp558-560
To feed the world without further damaging the planet, Jeffrey Sachs
and 24 food-system experts call for a global data collection and
dissemination network to track the myriad impacts of different
farming practices.
Jeffrey Sachs et al.
doi:10.1038/466558a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=38&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Regulation must be revolutionized p561
Unjustified and impractical legal requirements are stopping
genetically engineered crops from saving millions from starvation
and malnutrition, says Ingo Potrykus.
Ingo Potrykus
doi:10.1038/466561a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=33&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
European Commission clarifies the rules for research audits p562
Maire Geoghegan-Quinn
doi:10.1038/466562a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=36&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nature's readers comment online p562
A selection of responses posted on Nature's website to the News
article 'Strikes could "break" Italy's universities'
(Nature 466, 16-17; 2010).
doi:10.1038/466562b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=29&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
Vacation reading pp563-566
Recent reviewers suggest good books to refresh your mind this summer
-- from a cultural history of piracy to a scientific tour of the
boulevards of Paris.
Steven Shapin, W. F. Bynum, Michael Shermer, Nicky Clayton,
Serge Daan, Hans von Storch, Li Gong, David Orr, Daniel Levitin,
Rodrigo Quian Quiroga, Candis Callison, Jennifer Rohn, Pat Shipman,
Jessica Hellmann, Abdallah Daar and Vaclav Smil
doi:10.1038/466563a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=31&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Regenerative medicine: An eye to treating blindness pp567-568
Work on stem cells is one of the hottest research areas in biology.
But are such studies of any therapeutic value? Fortunately, yes, as
is evident from successes in treating blindness.
Elena Ezhkova and Elaine Fuchs
doi:10.1038/466567a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=54&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Earthquakes: Climate and intraplate shocks pp568-569
The heartland of the United States lies within a tectonic plate,
certain regions of which have experienced large and geologically
recent earthquakes. Explanations for those events are still being
sought.
Mark D. Zoback
doi:10.1038/466568a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=52&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Oceanography: Century of phytoplankton change pp569-571
Phytoplankton biomass is a crucial measure of the health of ocean
ecosystems. An impressive synthesis of the relevant data, stretching
back to more than 100 years ago, provides a connection with climate
change.
David A. Siegel and Bryan A. Franz
doi:10.1038/466569a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Metabolism: Tick, tock, a [beta]-cell clock pp571-572
The daily light-dark cycle affects many aspects of normal physiology
through the activity of circadian clocks. It emerges that the
pancreas has a clock of its own, which responds to energy
fluctuations.
Katja A. Lamia and Ronald M. Evans
doi:10.1038/466571a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Condensed-matter physics: Bringing the noise pp572-573
Noise is usually viewed as the bane of measurements. But a neat
experiment has confirmed a long-standing prediction for an exotic
electronic state of matter through the increase of noise in charge
transmission.
Chetan Nayak
doi:10.1038/466572a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=2&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
REVIEW
----------------------
The four hundred years of planetary science since Galileo and Kepler
pp575-584
For 350 years after Galileo's discoveries, ground-based telescopes
and theoretical modelling furnished everything known about the Sun's
planetary retinue. Over the past five decades, data from spacecraft
sent to all the planets and some of their satellites have shown the
diversity of Solar System bodies. Many planets and satellites have
changed substantially since their birth, and violent events punctuate
their histories.
Joseph A. Burns
doi:10.1038/nature09215
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=190&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
Observation of neutral modes in the fractional quantum Hall regime
pp585-590
The quantum Hall effect takes place in a two-dimensional electron gas
under a strong magnetic field and involves current flow along the
edges of the sample. In the fractional regime, counter-propagating
modes that carry energy but not charge -- the so-called neutral modes
-- have been predicted but never observed. These authors report the
first direct observation of these elusive modes.
Aveek Bid et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09277
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=189&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Global phytoplankton decline over the past century pp591-596
Using historical data combined with more recent satellite
observations, these authors show that global phytoplankton biomass
has been declining during the past century.
Daniel G. Boyce, Marlon R. Lewis and Boris Worm
doi:10.1038/nature09268
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=183&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=44&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
Pinning quantum phase transition for a Luttinger liquid of strongly
interacting bosons pp597-600
Fluctuations arising from Heisenberg's uncertainty principle enable
quantum systems to exhibit phase transitions even at zero temperature.
For example, a superfluid-to-insulator transition has been observed
for weakly interacting bosonic atomic gases. Here the authors report
a novel type of quantum phase transition in a strongly interacting,
one-dimensional quantum gas of bosonic caesium atoms. The results
open up the experimental study of ultracold gases in a new regime.
Elmar Haller et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09259
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=182&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=17&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Direct generation of photon triplets using cascaded photon-pair
sources pp601-603
Non-classical states of light, such as entangled photon states, form
an essential quantum resource. Entangled photon pairs can be created
by spontaneous parametric down-conversion of laser light, but so far
it has not been possible to produce photon triplets in this way.
These authors report the generation of quantum-correlated photon
triplets by cascaded down-conversion of a single pump photon. This
should find widespread use in optical quantum technologies.
Hannes Hubel et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09175
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=181&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=262&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Following a chemical reaction using high-harmonic interferometry
pp604-607
New methods are emerging that aim to image chemical reactions as they
occur using X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction or laser-induced
recollision, but spectral selection cannot be used to monitor the
reacting molecules for these methods. These authors show that this
apparent limitation offers opportunities for recollision-based
high-harmonic spectroscopy, in which unexcited molecules can act as
local oscillators against which structural and electronic dynamics
is observed on an attosecond timescale.
H. J. Worner et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09185
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=180&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=265&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Triggering of New Madrid seismicity by late-Pleistocene erosion
pp608-611
These authors argue that the concentration of magnitude-7 or larger
earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone since the end of the last
ice age results from the recent, climate-controlled, erosional
history of the northern Mississippi embayment. They show that the
upward flexure of the lithosphere caused a reduction of normal
stresses in the upper crust sufficient to unclamp pre-existing
faults close to failure equilibrium.
E. Calais, A. M. Freed, R. Van Arsdale and S. Stein
doi:10.1038/nature09258
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=187&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Convergent evolution of chicken Z and human X chromosomes by expansion
and gene acquisition pp612-616
Birds and mammals have distinct sex chromosomes: in birds, males are
ZZ and females ZW; in mammals, males are XY and females XX. By
sequencing the chicken Z chromosome and comparing it with the human
X chromosome, these authors overturn the currently held view that
these chromosomes have diverged little from their autosomal
progenitors. The Z and X chromosomes seem to have followed convergent
evolutionary trajectories, despite evolving with opposite systems of
heterogamety.
Daniel W. Bellott et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09172
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=186&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=243&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sparse coding and high-order correlations in fine-scale cortical
networks pp617-621
Sensory cortical neurons are interconnected at different scales, and
this could be related to differences in functional interactions.
Using maximum entropy models, these authors explore the correlation
structure of neurons in primary visual cortex of anaesthetized
monkeys recorded using multiple tetrodes. They conclude that distant
neurons display pairwise correlations but that local networks can
have more complex interactions that may act to sparsify the neural
code.
Ifije E. Ohiorhenuan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09178
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=185&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=251&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Regulation of parkinsonian motor behaviours by optogenetic control
of basal ganglia circuitry pp622-626
It has long been thought that motor control is achieved through the
balanced activity of two distinct pathways through the basal ganglia
that have opposing effects, but this has never been functionally
verified. These authors directly test this hypothesis with optogenetic
activation of different populations of mouse striatal neurons, and
not only trace functional connectivity but demonstrate opposing
effects on motor behaviour in a parkinsonian model.
Alexxai V. Kravitz et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09159
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=151&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=254&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Disruption of the clock components CLOCK and BMAL1 leads to
hypoinsulinaemia and diabetes pp627-631
Circadian rhythms control many physiological functions. During
periods of feeding, pancreatic islets secrete insulin to maintain
glucose homeostasis -- a rhythmic process that is disturbed in people
with diabetes. These authors show that pancreatic islets contain
their own clock: they have self-sustained circadian oscillations of
CLOCK and BMAL1 genes and proteins, which are vital for the
regulation of circadian rhythms. Without this clock, a cascade of
cellular failure and pathology initiates the onset of diabetes
mellitus.
Biliana Marcheva et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09253
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=150&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=12&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cross-species genomics matches driver mutations and cell compartments
to model ependymoma pp632-636
Ependymoma is a type of neural tumour that arises throughout the
central nervous system. Using comparative transcriptomics in mouse
and human tumours, these authors home in on mutations that are
specific to individual tumour subgroups. In doing so, they generate
the first mouse model of ependymoma and demonstrate the power of
interspecific genomic comparisons to interrogate cancer subgroups.
Robert A. Johnson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09173
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=206&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Pathogenic LRRK2 negatively regulates microRNA-mediated translational
repression pp637-641
LRRK2 activity is dysregulated in Parkinson's disease, but how it
contributes to the pathogenesis is unknown. These authors show that
Drosophila LRRK2 interacts with the Argonaute component (dAgo1) of
the RNA-induced silencing complex. This is associated with reduced
levels of dAgo1, interaction between phospho-4E-BP1 and hAgo2, and
impairment of microRNA-mediated repression. This leads to
overexpression of the cell cycle genes e2f1 and dp, and consequent
degeneration of dopaminergic neurons.
Stephan Gehrke, Yuzuru Imai, Nicholas Sokol and Bingwei Lu
doi:10.1038/nature09191
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=152&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=219&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
New class of gene-termini-associated human RNAs suggests a novel RNA
copying mechanism pp642-646
In the course of characterizing short RNAs from human cells using
single-molecule high-throughput sequencing, these authors identify
a new short RNA species. The presence of non-genomically encoded
poly(U) residues at their 5' ends implies the existence of an unknown
RNA copying mechanism in human cells.
Philipp Kapranov et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09190
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=149&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=102&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Subnanometre single-molecule localization, registration and distance
measurements pp647-651
These authors have developed a method that enables them to observe
single-molecule fluorescent probes with subnanometre precision and
accuracy using conventional far-field fluorescence imaging. The
improved resolution will enable researchers to characterize single
'molecules' of large, multisubunit biological complexes in
biologically relevant environments.
Alexandros Pertsinidis, Yunxiang Zhang and Steven Chu
doi:10.1038/nature09163
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=116&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDA
----------------------
Asymptomatic deer excrete infectious prions in faeces p652
Gultekin Tamguney et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09031
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by
cholesterol crystals p652
Peter Duewell et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09316
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=61&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospects
Backlash against multitasking p655
Scientists are increasingly asked to master skills in addition to
their research. This is not necessarily a good thing, says Gene Russo.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7306-655a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=132&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Largest EU science budget p655
European Commission invests to create jobs and boost economy.
doi:10.1038/nj7306-655b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=135&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Women's health grants p655
NIH programme aims to help junior researchers gain independence.
doi:10.1038/nj7306-655c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=133&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Happier male academics p655
Nontenured faculty members in the United States come top in
contentment.
doi:10.1038/nj7306-655d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=144&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Careers and Recruitment
Enlisting investigators p656
Few scientists realize that the enormous budget of the US Department
of Defense includes sizeable funds for basic research. Eric Hand
provides a guide for the uninitiated.
Eric Hand
doi:10.1038/nj7306-656a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=141&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Auntie Merkel p660
The course of true love.
Deborah Walker
doi:10.1038/466660a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=66&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
28 July 2010
Diverse somatic mutation patterns and pathway alterations in human
cancers
Zhengyan Kan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09208
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa
Derek P. Tittensor et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09329
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=168&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=168&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
NRMT is an [agr]-N-methyltransferase that methylates RCC1 and
retinoblastoma protein
Christine E. Schaner Tooley et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09343
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
25 July 2010
Dynamics and mechanism of repair of ultraviolet-induced (6-4)
photoproduct by photolyase
Jiang Li et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09192
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=163&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=163&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Wnt11 patterns a myocardial electrical gradient through regulation
of the L-type Ca2+ channel
Daniela Panakova, Andreas A. Werdich and Calum A. MacRae
doi:10.1038/nature09249
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=164&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=164&m=35648120&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=Nzg2NDIwODcS1&mt=1&rt=0
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