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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for June 12, 2019:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
Astronomy & Space news
 | X-ray study sheds more light into the nature of a gamma-ray pulsarUsing archival data from ESA's XMM-Newton spacecraft and NASA's Chandra X-ray observatory, astronomers have investigated one of gamma-ray radio-quiet pulsars known as PSR J1826−1256. The study, based on X-ray observations, sheds more light into the nature of this peculiar object and its pulsar wind nebula (PWN). Results of the research were presented in a paper published June 3 on arXiv.org. |
 | Table salt compound spotted on EuropaA familiar ingredient has been hiding in plain sight on the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa. Using a visible light spectral analysis, planetary scientists at Caltech and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which Caltech manages for NASA, have discovered that the yellow color visible on portions of the surface of Europa is actually sodium chloride, a compound known on Earth as table salt, which is also the principal component of sea salt. |
 | The sun may have a dual personality, simulations suggestResearchers at CU Boulder have discovered hints that humanity's favorite star may have a dual personality, with intriguing discrepancies in its magnetic fields that could hold clues to the sun's own "internal clock." |
 | Starshade would take formation flying to extremesAnyone who's ever seen aircraft engaged in formation flying can appreciate the feat of staying highly synchronized while airborne. In work sponsored by NASA's Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), engineers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, are taking formation flying to a new extreme. |
 | India unveils spacecraft for moon-landing missionIndia on Wednesday unveiled a spacecraft which is expected to take off for the moon next month, making the country only the fourth to achieve the feat. |
 | Three dark fields for Euclid's deep surveyScientists in the Euclid Consortium have selected three extremely dark patches of the sky that will be the subject of the mission's deepest observations, aiming at exploring faint and rare objects in the Universe. The position of the Euclid Deep Fields – one in the northern sky and two in the southern sky – was announced last week, during the annual consortium meeting in Helsinki, Finland. |
 | Magnetic field may be keeping Milky Way's black hole quietSupermassive black holes exist at the center of most galaxies, and our Milky Way is no exception. But many other galaxies have highly active black holes, meaning a lot of material is falling into them, emitting high-energy radiation in this "feeding" process. The Milky Way's central black hole, on the other hand, is relatively quiet. New observations from NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, SOFIA, are helping scientists understand the differences between active and quiet black holes. |
 | New evidence shows crash with Antlia 2 gave the Milky Way the ripples in its outer discThe newly-discovered dark dwarf galaxy Antlia 2's collision with the Milky Way may be responsible for our galaxy's characteristic ripples in its outer disc, according to a study led by Rochester Institute of Technology Assistant Professor Sukanya Chakrabarti. |
 | Gemini Planet Imager analyzes 300 starsOver the past four years, an instrument attached to a telescope in the Chilean Andes—known as the Gemini Planet Imager—has set its gaze on 531 stars in search of new planets. The team, led by Stanford University, is now releasing initial findings from the first half of the survey, published June 12 in The Astronomical Journal. |
 | Astrophysicists announce discovery that could rewrite story of how galaxies dieAt the annual meeting of the American Astronomical Society in St. Louis, Missouri, Allison Kirkpatrick, assistant professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Kansas, will announce her discovery of "cold quasars"—galaxies featuring an abundance of cold gas that still can produce new stars despite having a quasar at the center—a breakthrough finding that overturns assumptions about the maturation of galaxies and may represent a phase of every galaxy's lifecycle that was unknown until now. |
 | Hera asteroid mission's brain to be radiation-hard and failure-proofAt the heart of ESA's Hera mission to the double Didymos asteroids will be an onboard computer intended to be failure-proof. |
 | NASA's Psyche mission has a metal world in its sightsDesigned to explore a metal asteroid that could be the heart of a planet, the Psyche mission is readying for a 2022 launch. After extensive review, NASA Headquarters in Washington has approved the mission to begin the final design and fabrication phase, otherwise known as Phase C. This is when the Psyche team finalizes the system design, develops detailed plans and procedures for the spacecraft and science mission, and completes both assembly and testing of the spacecraft and its subsystems. |
 | A deorbit kit for satellites based on low work-function tethersUniversidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) coordinates a European research project, called E.T.PACK, whose objective is the development of a new system for deorbiting space satellites without using on board power and fuel. For this purpose, a new experimental technology will be employed: a low work-function tether. |
Canadian Radarsat satellites launched aboard SpaceX rocketThree satellites for the Canadian Space Agency's Earth-monitoring Radarsat program were launched into orbit from California on Wednesday aboard a reused SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. | |
 | Jupiter-like exoplanets found in sweet spot in most planetary systemsAs planets form in the swirling gas and dust around young stars, there seems to be a sweet spot where most of the large, Jupiter-like gas giants congregate, centered around the orbit where Jupiter sits today in our own solar system. |
 | It's been exactly one year since Opportunity sent this final message home—on its 5,111th Martian dayOpportunity's final message home is not much to look at on its own. If you're old enough to remember film cameras, it looks like the final exposure on a roll of film, developed but partly missing. It's a suitable epitaph for Opportunity's mission. |
Cementing our place in spaceAs your dog drags you around the block for his morning walk, you're probably not thinking about the wonders of the neighborhood sidewalk. But that concrete is pretty great. Next to water, it's the most widely used material on Earth. In the future, concrete may be equally useful off the planet—when humans construct a permanent base on the moon. They'll need sturdy stuff that can weather bombardments from solar radiation and meteorites. No one wants a crack in their moon base! | |
 | Apollo 11 anniversary puts focus on historic achievements and returning to the moon, says Baker Institute's AbbeyWith the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 landing on July 20, a new paper by George Abbey, a senior fellow in space policy at Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy and the former director of NASA's Johnson Space Center, traces America's race to the moon and describes what it took to be the first there. |
Technology news
 | Teaching AI agents navigation subroutines by feeding them videosResearchers at UC Berkeley and Facebook AI Research have recently proposed a new approach that can enhance the navigation skills of machine learning models. Their method, presented in a paper pre-published on arXiv, allows models to acquire visuo-motor navigation subroutines by processing a series of videos. |
 | Taking a city's pulse with movable sensorsSuppose you have 10 taxis in Manhattan. What portion of the borough's streets do they cover in a typical day? |
 | Empirical energy consumption model quantifies Bitcoin's carbon footprintResearchers have conducted the first analysis of Bitcoin power consumption based on empirical data from IPO filings and localization of IP addresses. They found that the cryptocurrency's carbon emissions measure up to those of Kansas City—or a small nation. The study, published June 12 in the journal Joule, suggests that cryptocurrencies contribute to global carbon emissions, an issue that must be considered in climate change mitigation efforts. |
 | Urbach Tower offers view of self-shaping architectureOh, those leaning towers are so yesterday. Tech-watching sites, rather, are talking about a tower that does not lean; it is just as interesting as it is a self twisting tower. This is the Urbach Tower. |
 | Solo, yet tutti: App puts orchestra in your living roomIt's a musician's dream—rehearse alongside a full orchestra, but in your own living room. |
 | Facebook launching app that pays users for data on app usageFacebook on Tuesday launched an app that will pay users to share information with the social media giant about which apps they're using. |
 | Tesla CEO lifts shareholder spirits, takes aim at mediaTesla CEO Elon Musk assured shareholders the electric car maker has recovered from a disappointing start this year and promised to counter media coverage that he believes has distorted perceptions about the unprofitable company's long-term prospects. |
 | 86 percent of internet users admit being duped by fake news: surveyEighty-six percent of internet users have been duped by fake news—most of it spread on Facebook—according to a global survey published Tuesday. |
 | Uber names Melbourne as first non-US city for flying car programUber on Tuesday selected Melbourne, Australia, as the first non-US city for its aerial ridesharing service that is expected to launch in 2023, as it unveiled new partners for the ambitious initiative. |
 | Media sector seeks new powers to challenge Big TechBig Tech firms are clobbering traditional news organizations, media representatives told lawmakers Tuesday, asking for new authority to allow the struggling sector to team up against online platforms. |
 | Uber in the air: Flying taxi trials may lead to passenger service by 2023Uber Air will start test flights of its aerial taxi service in 2020, and move to commercial operations by 2023, the ABC reported today. |
 | Eliminating infamous security threatsSpeculative memory side-channel attacks are security vulnerabilities in computers for which no efficient solutions have been found. Existing solutions only address specific security threats without solving the underlying issue. |
 | Renault boss battles to keep carmaker on trackWhen he was tapped to succeed fallen auto titan Carlos Ghosn as head of Renault in January, Jean-Dominique Senard was touted as a steady hand at the wheel who would shore up the French carmaker's frayed alliance with Nissan. |
 | Swedish start-up secures funds for battery 'gigafactory'Swedish start-up Northvolt Wednesday announced it had secured funding, in large part from Volkswagen, for Europe's biggest car battery factory, set to rival electric carmaker Tesla's US "Gigafactory". |
 | Online shopping: Why its unstoppable growth may be coming to an endMany people probably assume that online stores are making a fortune, without all the costly bricks and mortar. But the reality is rather different. Many e-commerce activities are, in fact, unprofitable; if people had to pay the true cost of what they bought online, they would probably buy less. In fact, we think there is an inflection point approaching, when consumers will either have to pay more for online purchases or end up with fewer products and services to choose from. |
 | As cars become increasingly driverless, people are already seeking analogue motoring experiencesAccording to those in the industry, and researchers too, driverless cars will totally revolutionise the way we think about individual transport. They will change the way we work and rest. They could herald the end of traffic jams, and have the potential to change the lives of disabled people, to give a few examples. But as the push to get autonomous vehicles on the roads accelerates, there is one factor that deserves more consideration—the changing role of the human driver. |
Uber, Volvo Cars launching new self-driving vehicleUber is teaming with Volvo Cars to launch its newest self-driving vehicle. | |
 | Uber tests drone food delivery, launches new autonomous SUVUber is testing restaurant food deliveries by drone. |
 | Beekee box: A network without the internet or electricityHow can you send documents, watch educational videos or work collaboratively in regions where there is no internet coverage or electricity? These were the challenging questions taken up by researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, who have developed a standalone box, known as the Beekee Box, that can generate a wireless network so users can log onto a learning platform without needing the internet or electricity supply. Anyone can connect to the Beekee Box's wireless network via a smartphone, computer or tablet, accessing educational content, chatting with other users or taking part in assessments. The box means that trainers can take their teaching materials with them when they're overseas in refugee camps or war zones, using it as a teaching platform with learners in situ. |
 | Facebook says video shows reach 720 mn viewersFacebook said Wednesday some 720 million people are watching its original video shows, making it a growing part of the social network as it wades into the territory of YouTube and other rivals. |
 | Amazon speaks out in favor of regulating facial-recognition technologyAmazon has joined the ranks of other technology companies, including Microsoft and Google, in acknowledging the risks of facial-recognition software and calling on the federal government to impose national regulations on the technology. |
 | The Wikipedia gender gapWikipedia is one of the most successful online communities in history, yet it struggles to attract and retain editors who are women—another example of the gender gap online. In a recent University of Washington study, researchers interviewed women "Wikipedians" to examine the lack of female and non-binary editors in Wikipedia. The team identified a common theme: safety. |
 | Injection-molding wood powder for sustainable fabricationBiomass materials such as wood are environmentally-friendly alternatives to fossil resources. As an example, wood is typically non-toxic and carbon neutral. Furthermore, wood can be produced in a sustainable manner by appropriate planting and trimming of trees. Therefore, the use of wood resources as industrial materials is an important aspect for realizing a sustainable society. |
 | Facebook opens UK engineering hub to fight harmful contentFacebook is opening an engineering center in London that will build tech tools aimed at keeping harmful content off its site. |
France's Dassault to acquire Medidata for $5.8 billionFrench software company Dassault Systems says it will buy U.S.-based Medidata Solutions for $5.8 billion in cash. | |
 | Public say they are relying more on 'reputable' news brands to counter misinformationPublic concern about misinformation is making some people more careful about the brands they choose and the content they share online, according to the eighth annual Digital News Report from the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford. |
Ford recalls 1.3M vehicles for suspension, transmission woesFord is recalling over 1.3 million vehicles mainly in North America to fix rear suspension and transmission control software problems. | |
 | Wind tunnel tests could help kites become a clean energy high-flierThe use of kites to capture wind energy and turn it into cost-effective 'green' electricity could be coming within reach, with EPSRC-funded research at Imperial College London playing an important role in making it possible. |
 | Renault vows 'fresh start' for alliance with NissanRenault's chairman vowed a "fresh start" on Wednesday for the carmaker's strained alliance with Japanese partner Nissan, saying its success was key after a proposed merger with Fiat Chrysler fell apart. |
Germany ends 5G frequency auction, raises $7.4 billionGermany's auction of frequencies for a super-fast 5G network has ended after nearly three months, raising more money for the government than was originally expected: 6.55 billion euros ($7.4 billion). | |
 | FCC wants to fix maps that now overstate broadband coverageU.S. telecom regulators are trying to fix faulty maps that don't reflect which Americans have access to high-speed internet. |
 | Facebook's Zuckerberg is the focus of latest doctored videoThree weeks after Facebook refused to remove a doctored video of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi slurring her words, Mark Zuckerberg is getting a taste of his own medicine: fake footage showing him gloating over his one-man domination of the world. |
Medicine & Health news
 | Scientists develop new hypothesis to explain sex differences in human diseasesWomen get autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis eight times more than men do. On the other hand, women have a smaller risk of getting non-reproductive cancers such as melanoma, colon, kidney and lung cancer. |
 | Opioid alternative? Taming tetrodotoxin for precise painkillingOpioids remain a mainstay of treatment for chronic and surgical pain, despite their side effects and risk for addiction and overdose. While conventional local anesthetics block pain very effectively, they wear off quickly and can affect the heart and brain. Now, a study in rats offers up a possible alternative, involving an otherwise lethal pufferfish toxin. |
 | Researchers identify human protein that aids development of malaria parasiteResearchers in Japan have discovered that the Plasmodium parasites responsible for malaria rely on a human liver cell protein for their development into a form capable of infecting red blood cells and causing disease. The study, which will be published June 12 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, suggests that targeting this human protein, known as CXCR4, could be a way to block the parasite's life cycle and prevent the development of malaria. |
 | Neuroscientists trace a brain circuit that filters unwanted sensory inputImagine trying to focus on a friend's voice at a noisy party, or blocking out the phone conversation of the person sitting next to you on the bus while you try to read. Both of these tasks require your brain to somehow suppress the distracting signal so you can focus on your chosen input. |
 | Using gene editing, neuroscientists develop a new model for autismUsing the genome-editing system CRISPR, researchers at MIT and in China have engineered macaque monkeys to express a gene mutation linked to autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders in humans. These monkeys show some behavioral traits and brain connectivity patterns similar to those seen in humans with these conditions. |
 | Scientists identify a novel neural circuit mediating visually evoked innate defensive responsesFear overgeneralization, a condition that limits the ability to discriminate between safety and threat, is an important pathological characteristic of anxiety-related syndromes such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder. However, unlike traditional conditioned fear, the mechanism of processing innate fear is largely unknown. |
 | Study shows more effective method for detecting prostate cancerEach year, 1 million men in the U.S. undergo biopsies to determine whether they have prostate cancer. The biopsy procedure traditionally has been guided by ultrasound imaging, but this method cannot clearly display the location of tumors in the prostate gland. |
 | Body composition shown to affect energy spent standing versus sittingA person's body composition could influence the difference between the amount of energy they spend while sitting versus standing, according to new research published in the open-access journal PLOS ONE. Conducted by Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete of the University of Granada, Spain, and colleagues, this work adds to mounting evidence that more energy is expended while standing than while sitting or lying down. |
 | Study: Lower levels of brain activity in cognitive control and reasoning areas when focusing on sacred valuesAn international team of researchers has found that people have lower levels of activity in brain in areas related to cognitive control and reasoning when they are focusing on sacred values. In their paper published in Royal Society Open Science, the group describes their study involving brain scans of terrorist sympathizers and what they found. |
 | Reaching and grasping: Learning fine motor coordination changes the brainReaching for and grasping objects brings about changes in the connections of a certain neuronal population in the red nucleus, a region of the midbrain, now reported by researchers at the University of Basel's Biozentrum. They have also shown how fine motor tasks promote plastic reorganization of this brain region. The results of the study have been published in Nature Communications. |
 | Persistent poverty affects one in five UK childrenPersistent poverty affects one in five children in the UK, and is associated with poor physical and mental health in early adolescence, suggests research published online in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. |
 | Strobe lighting at dance music festivals linked to tripling in epileptic fit riskStrobe lighting at electronic dance music festivals may be linked to a tripling in the risk of epileptic fits in susceptible individuals, suggests research published in the online journal BMJ Open. |
 | Home care health workers frequently verbally abused by clients and their familiesHome care (domiciliary) health workers are frequently verbally abused by clients and their families, finds research published online in Occupational and Environmental Medicine. |
 | Parents' lenient attitudes towards drinking linked to greater alcohol use among childrenAlcohol use is one of the biggest risk factors for social and physical harm and has been linked to the development of diseases including cancer, diabetes, and liver and heart disease. |
Antibodies against HPV16 can develop up to 40 years before throat cancer is diagnosedAn international group of researchers has found that antibodies to the human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV16) develop in the body between six to 40 years prior to a clinical diagnosis of throat cancer, and their presence indicates a strong increased risk of the disease. | |
Male victims of domestic abuse face significant barriers to getting helpMen who experience domestic violence and abuse face significant barriers to getting help and access to specialist support services, according to a study by researchers at the University of Bristol's Centre for Academic Primary Care and Centre for Gender and Violence Research published in BMJ Open today [Wednesday 12 June]. | |
Cancer survival rates in the young show inconsistent progressA new study in JNCI Cancer Spectrum finds that dramatic increases in cancer survival in adolescents and young adults are undermined by continuing disparities by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. The patterns here suggest that most of the recent survival increases in this age group were driven by improvements in treatments for HIV/AIDS and related cancers. | |
 | Community pharmacies make a lifestyle impact for patients with prostate cancerCardiovascular health and physical activity levels of prostate cancer patients improve following successful interventions by community pharmacies, new research in the British Medical Journal reports. |
 | National Poll: Daddy shaming happens tooOne gift some dads may want for Father's Day: not being judged for their parenting style. |
 | Biomarker indicates tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in men with prostate cancerMortality due to prostate cancer is usually related to its likelihood to metastasize, especially to bone. Prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed to predict disease aggression so that appropriate treatment can be selected. A report in The American Journal of Pathology, published by Elsevier, indicates that CCN3, a protein secreted into the extracellular matrix between cells, may be an important factor that promotes prostate cancer invasion of bone and may aid in identifying prostate cancer patients at higher risk of poor outcomes. |
 | Why fears over smartphone 'addiction' are based on flawed evidenceMost studies into the impact of technology use on psychological wellbeing rely on flawed measures say researchers. |
Brain activation provides individual-level prediction of bipolar disorder riskPatterns of brain activation during reward anticipation may help identify people most at risk for developing bipolar spectrum disorders (BPSD), according to a study in Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. Mania in people with BPSD is often accompanied by impulsivity, including impulsive responses to potential rewards. In the study, patterns of neural activation during a reward task predicted the severity of the mania symptom in young adults who have not yet developed the disorder. | |
 | Vitamin D and estradiol help guard against heart disease, stroke, and diabetesVitamin D and estrogen have already shown well-documented results in improving bone health in women. A new study from China suggests that this same combination could help prevent metabolic syndrome, a constellation of conditions that increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes in postmenopausal women. Results are published online today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS). |
 | New Cochrane Review assesses evidence on ways to reduce consumption of sugary drinksConsumption of sugary drinks is considered to be a key driver behind the global obesity epidemic, and is linked with tooth decay, diabetes and heart disease. Many public health bodies including the World Health Organization (WHO) have called upon governments, the food and drink industry, educational institutions, places of work and civil society to support healthier beverage choices. |
 | Identifying colorectal cancer subtypes could lead to improved treatment decisionsColorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the U.S., expected to cause about 51,000 deaths in 2019. But until now, it was unclear which drugs were most effective for which patients. |
 | Artificial intelligence for the diagnosis of skin lesions is superior to humansWhen it comes to the diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions, artificial intelligence is superior to humans. In a study conducted under the supervision of the MedUni Vienna human experts "competed" against computer algorithms. The algorithms achieved clearly better results, yet their current abilities cannot replace humans. The results were published in the journal The Lancet Oncology. |
 | Report aims to STACK the odds for adolescents living with HIVResearchers are arriving in Durban today to present groundbreaking work on adolescents living with HIV in South Africa. Mzantsi Wakho is the world's largest cohort study that includes this vital demographic, with core funders of UKAID, the Nuffield Foundation, Johnson and Johnson and the International AIDS Society. The 9th Southern Africa AIDS conference attracts over 3000 academics and policy-makers from around the globe. The team from Oxford and Cape Town will be presenting evidence on how to support adolescents living with HIV to take their life-saving medication—daily antiretroviral treatment. |
 | Peptides that mimic 'good cholesterol' reverse inflammatory bowel disease in micePeptides that mimic the function of HDL cholesterol, which has been dubbed "good cholesterol," can treat the underlying inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, according to new research in mice. The same work revealed new details on how IBD can develop and what other types of drugs may work to treat the disease. |
 | Anthropologist explores 'the science of dads'Want to do something special for a father on June 16? Try asking him what he finds most rewarding—and most challenging—about being a dad. |
 | Food access near schools and homes illuminated for children in New York CityA study of nearly 800,000 schoolchildren in New York City shows that Black, Hispanic, and Asian students live and go to school closer to both healthy and unhealthy food outlets than do White students. Brian Elbel of the New York University School of Medicine and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE. |
 | Advancing epilepsy treatmentResearchers at Case Western Reserve University have successfully prevented epileptic seizures in animal models by preemptively directing a low-frequency stimulus to the nerve fibers in the brain. |
 | Viral strains that cause 'stomach flu' don't all look alikeStomach bugs come in different sizes. |
 | Ebola: A public health response in crisisThe Democratic Republic of the Congo is in the throes of its worst Ebola outbreak since the disease was first discovered there in 1976. It is the second-worst outbreak in history, behind the West Africa outbreak of 2014 that reached 10 countries including the U.S. and caused more than 10,000 deaths. About 10 new cases of Ebola are reported every day, and on June 8, health officials in DRC reported that 1,968 cases of Ebola have been confirmed with another 94 probable cases, and that 1,390 people have died from the disease. |
 | Radiation plus chemotherapy doesn't improve endometrial cancer recurrence-free survivalThe standard of care for women with stage III/IVA endometrial cancer following surgery has been chemotherapy and radiation to prevent recurrence. But in a surprising new finding, radiation combined with chemotherapy did not increase recurrence-free survival in these women, reports a National Cancer Institute-sponsored Gynecology Oncology Group study led by a Northwestern Medicine scientist/physician. |
 | Superfast gene sequencing helps diagnose critically ill patientsIn an analysis of the real-world impact of a pioneering test called metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), developed by UCSF scientists to diagnose patients with mysterious inflammatory neurological conditions, the technique was shown to identify infections better than any standard clinical method. |
 | Epilepsy drugs linked to increased risk of suicidal behavior, particularly in young peopleTreatment with gabapentinoids—a group of drugs used for epilepsy, nerve pain and anxiety disorders—is associated with an increased risk of suicidal behaviour, unintentional overdose, injuries, and road traffic incidents, finds a study from Sweden published by The BMJ today. |
 | Trauma-focused therapy may hold key to reducing women's offendingWomen prisoners might benefit from female-specific treatment that addresses the traumas common among women. |
 | New insights into cardiovascular disease from evolutionary biologyProgress in reducing cardiovascular disease is stalling in the United States. Development of new ways of preventing and treating cardiovascular disease has proved frustrating recently with several trials of promising interventions, such as vitamin D and anti-inflammatories, failing at a late stage. Moreover, shorter lives in men than women, partly due to higher rates of cardiovascular disease in men than women, remain unexplained. |
 | Majority of Australian children with mental health disorders not accessing care, study findsA new study has found the vast majority of Australian children with mental health disorders are not getting professional help with girls, young children and families from non-English-speaking backgrounds the least likely to access services. |
 | Fertility miracle or fake news? Understanding which IVF 'add-ons' really workIn recent years, we've seen increasing scrutiny about the procedures being delivered in the IVF clinic, often referred to as "add-on" or supplementary technologies. |
 | From obesity to allergies, outdoor play is the best medicine for childrenWhat if there was a simple, inexpensive and fun way to address some of the major challenges facing humanity today. What if it could help improve children's health, development and well-being? |
 | Heavy metal music can have health benefits for fansDue to its extreme sound and aggressive lyrics, heavy metal music is often associated with controversy. Among the genre's most contentious moments, there have been instances of blasphemous merchandise, accusations of promoting suicide, and blame for mass school shootings. Why, then, if it's so "bad," do so many people enjoy it? And does this music genre really have a negative effect on them? |
 | Boy dies of Ebola in Uganda as virus spreads from DRCongoA five-year-old boy in Uganda has died of Ebola, the health minister told AFP Wednesday, as his grandmother and younger brother also tested positive for the virus after the family visited relatives in epidemic-hit neighbouring DR Congo. |
Encephalitis from lychees kills 31 children in India: officialAt least 31 children have died in northern India in the last 10 days from a deadly brain disease believed linked to a toxic substance found in lychee fruit, health officials said Wednesday. | |
 | Counterfeit medicine a 'growing threat': EU studyCounterfeit medicine is a "growing threat" in Europe, causing serious illness or even death and costing the pharmaceutical industry billions every year, according to a study published Wednesday. |
 | Number of women steered toward repeat cesareans is much higher than necessaryAs many as one in four women in the UK now give birth by cesarean section, the vast majority of them carried out by choice. The overall number has more than trebled in the last 40 years. |
 | Experts discuss measles outbreak and the peril of anti-vax misinformationMeasles was declared eliminated in the U.S. in 2000, but by early June, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 1,022 cases in 28 states, the most since 1992. |
 | Trial starts for phone app that uses light, sound and brainwaves to treat painScientists at The University of Manchester are developing a smart phone application connected to goggles which flash light at a special frequency to tune patients' brains in a ground-breaking treatment for chronic pain. |
 | China tightens rules on genetic research after designer-baby scandalChina has announced regulations to curb the smuggling of human organs and tighten oversight on the use of human genetic materials in research months after a Chinese scientist caused a global outcry by claiming that he gene-edited babies. |
 | Mathematical tools to study tumorsResearchers from the Department of Cellular Biology at the University of Seville and the Seville Institute of Biomedicine (IBiS), Pablo Vicente and Doctor Luisma Escudero, in close collaboration with the researcher Rebecca Burgos and other members of the group of Doctor Rosa Noguera (University of Valencia—INCLIVA, CIBERONC) have published a study aimed at developing new therapies to fight childhood cancer. |
 | Sweating for science: A sauna session is just as exhausting as moderate exerciseYour blood pressure does not drop during a sauna visit—it rises, as well as your heart rate. This increase is even comparable to the effect of a short, moderate workout. This is the result of a new study conducted by researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and the Medical Center Berlin (MCB). For their study, the researchers placed their participants both in a sauna and on a bicycle ergometer. |
 | Rescuers often driven by emotionScientists from James Cook University and Royal Life Saving Society—Australia have found reason can go out the window when people's family members, children and pets are in trouble in the water, and people should be better trained in water rescue skills. |
 | Genetics play strong role in determining age of menopause and overall longevityIf you're wondering why you entered menopause earlier or later than other women, blame your mother. That's because numerous studies have confirmed the role of genetics in determining a woman's age at menopause. A new study not only reconfirms this association but additionally suggests a link to familial longevity. Results are published online today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS). |
 | Bullying gets worse as children with autism get olderChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to experience bullying than children without ASD and this bullying gets worse with age, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University of New York. |
 | Researchers negatively correlate a neuropeptide with executive functionsResearchers from the Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) and the group of Eating Disorders, of the Bellvitge University Hospital (HUB), led by Dr. Fernando Fernández-Aranda, published a study in Scientific Reports (Nature) that negatively correlates the concentration of orexin A (a neuropeptide) with executive functions in anorexic patients. The study is part of the research program "Neurocognition and extreme weight conditions: from anorexia to obesity," carried out at the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN). |
 | Electrical balance in the brainBalance is the key. It's not exactly neuroscience; except that it is. |
 | A gut feeling: Microbiome changes may mean early detection of colorectal cancerThe gut has a population of organisms that live within in it, called the gut microbiome, which are linked to human health and disease. Recent studies have shown that assessing the genetic changes in fecal samples can accurately reflect the status of the gut microbiome, and may be useful for the early diagnosis of diseases. |
 | A heart failure drug to treat leukemia: A promising new therapeutic approachCanadian researchers followed their intuition that a drug initially intended for heart failure could be effective in treating cancer. Those efforts have borne fruit, as demonstrated by their work published in the Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research. |
Pre-qualifying education and training helps health workers tackle gender based violenceGender-based violence (GBV) could be tackled more effectively by giving healthcare students wider and more practical education and training in identifying and responding to the 'warning signs' presented among patients they will encounter in professional life, according to a new study. | |
 | Overdose, suicide among leading reasons for deaths of new momsOverdoses and suicides were among the most common reasons for mothers dying within a year of giving birth in California, according to a new study from Michigan State University and the University of California, Merced. |
 | Synonymous genetic alterations: Not 'silent' at allThe so-called "silent" or "synonymous" genetic alterations do not result in altered proteins. But they can nevertheless influence numerous functions of the cell and thus also disease processes. Scientists from the German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, and the University of Freiburg have now created a comprehensive database of all synonymous mutations ever found in cancer. This is a "reference book" that provides cancer researchers with all available information on each of these supposedly "silent" mutations at a glance. Using the example of an important oncogene, the researchers show how synonymous mutations can influence the function of this cancer driver. |
 | Researchers discover potential new therapeutic target for Alzheimer's diseaseApolipoproten E (apoeE) is a major genetic risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease, yet the protein tends to be understudied as a potential druggable target for the mind-robbing neurodegenerative disease. |
 | Surprising ways owning a dog is good for your health(HealthDay)—Apart from the sheer fun of owning a pet, having a dog enhances well-being and even personal growth in many ways. |
 | Approving children's cancer drugs takes 6.5 years longer(HealthDay)—For cancer drugs ultimately approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the median lag time from first-in-human to first-in-child trials is 6.5 years, according to a study published in the May issue of the European Journal of Cancer. |
 | Hot water therapy aids patients with peripheral arterial disease(HealthDay)—Heat therapy can improve functional ability and also has potential to be an effective cardiovascular conditioning tool for people with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), according to a small study published online June 5 in the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. |
 | Study: Women's health worsened over 5 years after being denied an abortionStates across the country are tightening regulations on abortion providers in the name of protecting women's health. But a long-term study of women who sought abortions has found that those who ended their pregnancies reported slightly better health than their counterparts who requested the procedure but were denied. |
High-density of alcohol outlets and advertising affect youth drinkingAlcohol use among Tanzanian youth is rising and the high density of alcohol selling outlets and alcohol advertisements coupled with low enforcement of minimum drinking age laws are likely facilitating this uptick, according to a study by the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences. The volume of alcohol advertising that youth encounter in Tanzania is increasing as competition among global and local alcohol producers intensifies. Results of a new study that sought to map the influence of the alcohol environment on adolescent drinking in Tanzania are published in the journal Health and Place. | |
 | Your doctor may be playing medical video games at work. That could be good for your healthCan playing video games be a prescription for good health? |
Infected bats pose highest rabies risk in US: CDCInfected bats are the leading cause of rabies deaths in the United States, according to a report released Wednesday by health authorities which found the risk posed by dogs had significantly fallen. | |
Kids with headache after stroke might be at risk for another strokeA new study has found a high incidence of headaches in pediatric stroke survivors and identified a possible association between post-stroke headache and stroke recurrence. Headache developed in over a third of participating children, on average six months after the stroke. Fifteen percent of patients suffered another stroke, typically in the first six to 12 months after the initial stroke. In the study, most children who experienced headache during stroke recurrence also had other associated neurologic symptoms, mostly weakness of one side of the body (hemiparesis) or facial asymmetry and brain malfunction (encephalopathy). Findings were published in Neurology: Clinical Practice, a journal of the American Academy of Neurology. | |
 | Low-priced alcopops pose high risk especially for youth, new study recommends regulationSupersized alcopops are ready-to-drink flavored alcoholic beverages with high alcohol content. Drinking just one of the 23.5 oz. cans constitutes binge drinking. Drinking multiple cans can lead to alcohol poisoning and death. Four Loko is the leading brand of supersized alcopop consumed by underage drinkers. A new study led by George Mason University's College of Health and Human Services (CHHS) found that Four Loko is among the cheapest ready-to-drink alcoholic beverages available in the United States. Due to the link between lower alcohol prices and higher consumption and related harms, particularly among youth, this is a public health concern. |
 | 'Five star' hospitals often provide fewer services than other hospitals, new data suggestsIf you're looking for a top-notch hospital with a wide range of services, narrowing your list to hospitals with a five-star patient experience rating might lead you astray. Many five-star hospitals offer fewer services than those without five stars, according to a new study by Johns Hopkins researchers published June 10 in JAMA Internal Medicine. |
Weighing risks and benefits of drug treatment for major depressionDepression is a common and serious problem for older adults. Some 15 to 20 percent of people aged 65 and older who live independently deal with symptoms of major depressive disorder. For residents of nursing homes, the rates of depression may be as high as 50 percent. | |
 | Researchers discover trigger for muscle-wasting conditionAmong all major cancers, pancreatic cancer has the highest rate of death—93 percent of patients die within five years of diagnosis. |
 | Adults with sleep apnea are more likely to experience involuntary job lossRecently unemployed people with undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea have a higher risk of having lost a job multiple times, according to preliminary results from a new study. |
 | Researchers influence CDC's clarification on prescribing opioids for cancer painTo reduce the number of people who may misuse, abuse, or overdose from opioids, multiple national agencies including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have published guidelines to improve the way opioids are prescribed. Yet some of these guidelines have caused confusion and misapplication among clinicians and unintendedly limited treatment of pain for people with cancer. |
Being overweight linked to significantly higher disease severity in psoriatic arthritisThe results of a study presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2019) demonstrate significant correlation between body mass index (BMI) and disease severity in psoriatic arthritis. | |
Disease remission associated with 80% reduction in risk of cardiovascular outcomesThe results of a study presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2019) demonstrate that remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is associated with an 80% reduction in risk of cardiovascular outcomes. | |
Exposure to inorganic dust increases risk of gout in women by 27%The results of a study presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2019) demonstrate that occupational exposure to inorganic dust is a previously unknown risk factor for gout and also confirm known risk factors, such as alcoholism and obesity. | |
Gout patients suffer in silence with low expectations of treatmentThe results of a 14 country pan-European survey presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2019) suggest gout is being diagnosed late, is not well controlled, and is not regularly monitored. | |
Study supports glucocorticoid tapering in patients achieving disease control on tocilizumabThe results of a randomised controlled trial presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2019) demonstrate high levels of treatment success in approximately two thirds of patients despite tapered glucocorticoid (GC) discontinuation, while a small loss of disease control was observed at the total study population level. | |
Low-dose prednisolone significantly improves pain symptoms and function in hand osteoarthritisThe results of the low-dose prednisolone in patients with hand osteoarthritis (HOPE) study presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2019) show that low-dose prednisolone significantly improves pain and function in patients with painful hand osteoarthritis. | |
Cyclosporine benefits patients through more rapid remission of proteinuria in lupus nephritisThe results of a study presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2019) suggest maintenance therapy with cyclosporine (CYA) results in more rapid remission of proteinuria compared to mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or azathioprine (AZA) in patients with lupus nephritis. The efficacy of CYA, MMF and AZA in obtaining and maintaining remission of lupus nephritis (LN) is comparable over the long term. | |
 | More men undergo plastic surgery as the daddy-do-over trend rises in popularityJust as women can turn to a suite of procedures, known as the "Mommy Makeover," more men are embracing their own set of treatments, the "Daddy Do-Over," to boost their confidence and improve their physical appearance. A new report from the American Society of Plastic Surgeons reveals that more than 1.3 million cosmetic procedures were performed on men last year alone, representing a 29 percent increase since 2000. |
 | Supporting farming families during times of stressIt is well documented that farmers have high suicide rates and levels of depression, and there is a connection between the economy, financial stress and mental illness within farming communities. |
 | 'I really have thought this can't go on': Loneliness looms for rising numbers of older private rentersLoneliness is increasingly recognized worldwide as a critical social issue and one of the major health hazards of our time. Our research shows older private renters are at high risk of loneliness and anxiety. This is a growing concern as more Australians are renting housing later in life. By contrast, only a small proportion of the social housing tenants we interviewed said they were lonely. |
 | Multiple sensor fusion technology for non-contact measurement of vital signs and its clinical applicationsThere is increasing interest in technology for non-contact measurement of human vital signs (heart rate, respiration, and body temperature), which are important for understanding the state of a person's health. New biological measurement sensors have been developed as well as reports on methods for measuring respiration or heartbeat using pressure sensors, microwave radar, RGB camera, and thermography. This technology has wide-ranging applications. Guanghao Sun's group is developing clinical applications for monitoring elderly people, identification of sleep apnea, detection of patients who may carry infectious diseases, and noncontact measurement of stress levels. |
 | Why breastfeeding is under threat in AustraliaA researcher from the Australian National University (ANU) warns breastfeeding is declining in Australia. |
Mouse study finds BPA exposure has transgenerational effects on gene linked to autismTransgenerational bisphenol A (BPA) exposure may contribute to autism, according to a mouse study published in the Endocrine Society's journal Endocrinology. | |
 | Specific multinutrient combination benefits patients with early stage Alzheimer's diseaseA new longitudinal study has shown that a nutritional drink designated a "food for special medical purposes" containing the multinutrient combination Fortasyn Connect can benefit patients with the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment, who are at risk of progressing to the dementia stage of AD, report scientists in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports. |
HIB vaccine linked with better health, cognition, and schooling outcomes in Indian childrenIndia accounts for the highest number of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) cases and Hib- associated deaths in the world. The bacterial pathogen killed an estimated 15,600 Indian children aged 1-59 months in 2015. In a majority of cases, Hib causes pneumonia and bacterial meningitis, which can lead to long-term consequences in children under age five such as stunting, decreased productivity and schooling outcomes, and increased risk of other diseases. Hib immunization was incorporated into the pentavalent vaccine in India in 2011 and now protects 88 percent of Indian children under age two, although the Hib burden remains high. While the long-term negative effects of Hib infection in high-income countries are known, little evidence exists on the associated outcomes of Hib infection in low- and middle- income countries. | |
 | Researchers study ways to prevent lung disease in dentistry professionalsInhaling dangerous particulates is a hazard of coal mining, mold remediation, sandblasting ... and dentistry. |
 | Which foods are the best sources of dietary fiber?(HealthDay)—The more we learn about fiber, the more important the recommendation to get enough of it becomes. |
 | WHO convenes emergency meeting after Ebola spreads to UgandaThe World Health Organization said Wednesday that a key emergency committee would meet following confirmation that an Ebola outbreak in Democratic Republic of Congo had spread to neighbouring Uganda. |
 | American Medical Association: Let minors override parents' vaccination refusalMembers of the American Medical Association voted this week to support state policies that would allow minors to override their parent's objections to vaccinations. |
 | Promising treatment for shoulder pain in wheelchair users with spinal cord injuryA New Jersey team of researchers has reported the successful, long-term relief of chronic refractory shoulder pain in a wheelchair user with spinal cord injury (SCI) following a single injection of autologous, micro-fragmented adipose tissue into the affected shoulder joint. The article, "Autologous micro-fragmented adipose tissue as a treatment for chronic shoulder pain in a wheelchair using individual with spinal cord injury: a case report" was epublished ahead of print on May 13, 2019 by Spinal Cord Series and Cases. This is the first reported use of this intervention for shoulder pain in an individual with spinal cord injury who has failed to improve with conservative care, such as physical therapy and pharmacological agents. |
 | The 'AI turn' for digital health: A futuristic viewThe unprecedented implications of digital health innovations, being co-produced by the mainstreaming and integration of artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cyber-physical systems (CPS) in healthcare, are examined in a new technology horizon-scanning article. This digital transformation of healthcare is facilitated by the rapid rise in Big Data and real-time Big Data analytics. The detailed findings are published in OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology. |
 | Q&A: When can cataract surgery wait?Dear Mayo Clinic: I was just diagnosed with a cataract, but it's not bothering me at all. Is it a good idea to have cataract surgery now, or can I wait? What is the recovery from this surgery like? |
 | Watchdog: Abuse and neglect in nursing facilities unreportedNursing facilities have failed to report thousands of serious cases of potential neglect and abuse of seniors on Medicare even though it's a federal requirement for them to do so, according to a watchdog report released Wednesday that calls for a new focus on protecting frail patients. |
Canada urged to introduce universal drug planAn advisory council appointed by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on Wednesday recommended introducing a national drug program to curtail soaring costs and help millions who cannot afford their prescriptions. | |
 | Does pornography use affect heterosexual women's intimate experiences with a partner?A new study has shown that the relationship between pornography and intimate partner experiences among heterosexual women is indirect and complex, in contrast to the more direct link among heterosexual men. Thoughts of pornographic material during intimate partner experiences, rather than simply having viewed pornographic material previously, was associated with high rates of appearance insecurity and reduced enjoyment of intimate acts during sex, according to the study published in Journal of Women's Health. |
Biology news
 | New gene editor harnesses jumping genes for precise DNA integrationA new discovery by researchers at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons could fix one of the major shortcomings of current gene-editing tools, including CRISPR, and offer a powerful new approach for genetic engineering and gene therapy. |
 | Love songs from paradise take a nosediveThe Galápagos Islands finches named after Charles Darwin are starting to sing a different tune because of an introduced pest on the once pristine environment. |
 | Dolphins form friendships through shared interests just like us, study findsWhen it comes to making friends, it appears dolphins are just like us and form close friendships with other dolphins that have a common interest. The findings, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B by an international team of researchers from the Universities of Bristol, Zurich and Western Australia, provides further insight into the social habits of these remarkable animals. |
 | Why Noah's ark won't workA Noah's Ark strategy will fail. In the roughest sense, that's the conclusion of a first-of-its-kind study that illuminates which marine species may have the ability to survive in a world where temperatures are rising and oceans are becoming acidic. |
 | Framework predicts endangered species' pathogen riskFour years ago, more than 200,000 endangered saiga antelope dropped dead on the remote steppe grassland of Central Asia in the species' worst recorded mass mortality event. |
 | Gut microbes respond differently to foods with similar nutrition labelsFoods that look the same on nutrition labels can have vastly different effects on our microbiomes, report researchers in a paper publishing June 12 in the journal Cell Host & Microbe. The researchers' observations of participants' diets and stool samples over the course of 17 days suggested that the correlation between what we eat and what's happening with our gut microbes might not be as straightforward as we thought. This adds an increased level of complexity to research focused on improving health by manipulating the microbiome. |
 | Evolutionary discovery to rewrite textbooksScientists at The University of Queensland have upended biologists' century-old understanding of the evolutionary history of animals. |
 | Pollen collected by US honey bees in urban settings shows dramatic seasonal variationThe diversity and availability of pollen foraged by honey bees across urban and suburban areas in the US varies drastically with the seasons, according to a study published June 12, 2019 in PLOS ONE by Juliana Rangel from Texas A&M University, USA, and colleagues. |
 | Monogamous fish found to show pessimistic bias when separated from mateA team of researchers at the University of Burgundy has found that a certain type of monogamous female fish exhibits a pessimistic bias when separated from its mate. In their paper published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, the group describes experiments they conducted with convict cichlid fish and what they found. |
 | Study of olfactory bulb ratio in modern birds suggests dinosaurs may have had strong sense of smellA team of researchers at University College Dublin has found evidence that suggests some dinosaurs may have had a very strong sense of smell. In their paper published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, the group describes their study of the olfactory bulb ratio in modern birds and how they used it to predict possible olfactory strength in certain dinosaurs. |
 | Researcher documents cascading effects of parasites on underwater ecosystemsResearch by an evolutionary biologist from Florida State University has shown parasites have important and far-reaching effects on predatory fish and the ecosystems they inhabit. |
 | Genetic basis for extended lifespan and cancer resistance discovered in long-lived batsScientists have identified genes that may give long-lived bat species their extraordinary lifespans and cancer resistance compared to other animals. |
 | Detecting bacteria such as E. coli in minutesA discovery by researchers at the School of Life Sciences at the University of Warwick offers a new technology for detecting bacteria in minutes by 'zapping' the bacteria with electricity. |
 | Ants maintain essential interactions despite environmental fluxAnts adjust their social interactions to accommodate changes in population density, according to researchers at Penn State and Georgetown University. The findings suggest that ant colonies are capable of maintaining their sophisticated social organization despite potentially drastic changes in their environments. |
 | The brains of birds synchronize when they sing duetsWhen a male or female white-browed sparrow-weaver begins its song, its partner joins in at a certain time. They duet with each other by singing in turn and precisely in tune. A team led by researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Seewiesen used mobile transmitters to simultaneously record neural and acoustic signals from pairs of birds singing duets in their natural habitat. They found that the nerve cell activity in the brain of the singing bird changes and synchronizes with its partner when the partner begins to sing. The brains of both animals then essentially function as one, which leads to the perfect duet. |
 | Research decodes plant defense system, with an eye on improving farming and medicineUMBC's Hua Lu, professor of biological sciences, and colleagues have found new genetic links between a plant's circadian rhythm (essentially, an internal clock) and its ability to fend off diseases and pests. The findings were 10 years in the making and published in Nature Communications this week. The results could eventually lead to plants that are more resistant to disease-causing pathogens and better treatment for human diseases. |
 | Climate change benefits for giant petrelsGiant petrels will be "temporary" winners from the effects of climate change in the Antarctic region—but males and females will benefit in very different ways, a new study shows. |
 | Lions sometimes suffer if they attack a porcupine. So why do they do it?Not much can mess with a lion. They're powerful top predators that can bring down large prey like wildebeest, zebra, and even buffalo. |
 | Monkeys face climate change extinction threatMonkeys living in South America are highly vulnerable to climate change and face an "elevated risk of extinction," according to a new University of Stirling-led study. |
Community knowledge can be as valuable as ecological knowledge in environmental decision-makingAn understanding of community issues can be as valuable as knowing the ecology of an area when making environmental decisions, according to new research from the University of Exeter Business School. | |
 | The benefits of being differentSix different colour morphs of the elusive Asiatic golden cat have been discovered in Northeast India—with the findings being hailed as "an evolutionary puzzle—as the world's greatest number of different coloured wild cat species in one area are reported. |
 | How the cell protects itselfThe cell contains transcripts of genetic material, which migrate from the cell nucleus to another part of the cell. This movement protects the genetic transcripts from the recruitment of "spliceosomes." If this protection does not happen, the entire cell is in danger, meaning that cancer and neurodegenerative diseases can develop. Researchers at the University of Göttingen and the University Medicine Centre Göttingen have demonstrated the underlying mechanism in the cell. The results were published in the journal Cell Reports. |
 | Nuclear pore complex outer rings: No longer 'one size fits all'In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is walled off from the rest of the cell by the nuclear envelope. All transport into and out of the nucleus occurs via cylindrical channels called nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) that penetrate the nuclear envelope. Each NPC is made up of eight repeating protein complexes containing at least 30 different types of proteins, called nucleoporins (Nups). These complexes fit together like the wedges of an orange, leaving a channel in the middle through which proteins, RNA, and signaling molecules can be transported. |
North Korea taking 'emergency' measures to contain swine feverNorth Korea is taking emergency measures to prevent the spread of the highly contagious African swine fever, its state media said Wednesday, weeks after confirming an outbreak in the isolated country. | |
The battle to save citrus fruitsHuanglongbing, (HLB), also known as citrus greening, has devastated Florida's citrus farms. Although some growers in China and Brazil have been able to control the problem, California groves are now threatened, according to an article in Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society. Chemists and biologists are racing to develop strategies to contain the disease and, hopefully, find an antidote. | |
 | Free the snakes: Florida scientists release America's longest snakes into the wildScientists opened plastic storage bins to set 15 eastern indigo snakes free this month into a north Florida preserve. |
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