Science X Newsletter Monday, Apr 15

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for April 15, 2019:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

From motion to emotion: The potential of robot swarms in artistic performances

A next-generation triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to realize constant current from electrostatic breakdown

The discrete-time physics hiding inside our continuous-time world

Tiny fragment of a comet found inside a meteorite

Engineering 'hairpins' increases CRISPR accuracy

SLAC's high-speed 'electron camera' films molecular movie in HD

Need for social skills helped shape modern human face

To protect stem cells, plants have diverse genetic backup plans

Historic logging site shows first human-caused bedrock erosion along an entire river

Astronomers investigate jet kinematics of the blazar 4C+21.35

Asteroids help scientists measure distant stars

Computer games for fish uncover why some prey lead and others follow

Meteoroid strikes eject precious water from moon

Low-intensity ultrasound can change decision-making process in the brain, research shows

TESS finds its first Earth-sized planet

Astronomy & Space news

	Tiny fragment of a comet found inside a meteorite A tiny piece of the building blocks from which comets formed has been discovered inside a primitive meteorite. The discovery by a Carnegie Institution of Science-led team, including a researcher now at Arizona State University, was published April 15 in Nature Astronomy.
	Astronomers investigate jet kinematics of the blazar 4C+21.35 Using very-long-baseline-interferometry (VLBI), an international team of astronomers has conducted a kinematic study of a jet of the blazar 4C+21.35. The research, presented in a paper published April 5 on the arXiv pre-print repository, sheds more light on the nature of this quasar and its jet.
	Asteroids help scientists measure distant stars Look up at the sky on a clear night, and you'll see lots of stars. Sometimes they seem almost within reach or at least a short rocket ride. But the closest star to Earth—not counting our sun—is more than four light years away, at a distance of 25 trillion miles.
	Meteoroid strikes eject precious water from moon Researchers from NASA and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland, report that streams of meteoroids striking the Moon infuse the thin lunar atmosphere with a short-lived water vapor.
	TESS finds its first Earth-sized planet A nearby system hosts the first Earth-sized planet discovered by NASA's Transiting Exoplanets Survey Satellite, as well as a warm sub-Neptune-sized world, according to a new paper from a team of astronomers that includes Carnegie's Johanna Teske, Paul Butler, Steve Shectman, Jeff Crane, and Sharon Wang.
	DIY gravitational waves with 'BlackHoles@Home' Researchers hoping to better interpret data from the detection of gravitational waves generated by the collision of binary black holes are turning to the public for help.
	Breezing through the space environment of Barnard's Star b The closest exoplanet to us, if we include only single stars like the Sun, is the planet around Barnard's Star, Barnard's Star-b ("BSb"). (The planet Promixa Centauri-b is closer, but Proxima Cen is part of a triple-star system with Alpha and Beta Centauri, and understanding the evolutionary development of the planet is more complicated.) BSb orbits at a distance similar to that of Mercury around the Sun, but Barnard's Star is a cool M-dwarf star and so despite the planet being close to the star it probably resides near the snow line – the distance where stellar irradiation is weak enough to allow volatile elements to condense onto the planet's surface. This makes BSb an especially interesting planet and possibly a keystone for future progress understanding planet formation and atmospheric evolution.
	Astronomers take first, high-resolution look at huge star-forming region of Milky Way Astronomers from the United States and South Korea have made the first high-resolution, radio telescope observations of the molecular clouds within a massive star-forming region of the outer Milky Way.
	Video: The making of the largest 3-D map of the universe DESI, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, will mobilize 5,000 swiveling robots – each one pointing a thin strand of fiber-optic cable – to gather the light from about 35 million galaxies.
	Beresheet: First privately-funded mission crashes on moon, but its significance is huge It came so close. It even took a selfie. But with only a few kilometres left to descend, something went wrong and the spacecraft Beresheet veered out of control, taking one final photograph just before it hit the surface. It is thought that there was a fault, possibly in the inertial system, possibly an engine failure, that led to the crash.
	Image: the Egg Nebula The Egg Nebula is a preplanetary nebula, created by a dying star in the process of becoming a planetary nebula. Planetary nebulas have nothing to do with planets – the name arose when 18th century astronomers spotted them in their telescopes and thought they looked like planets. Instead, they are the remnants of material expelled by Sun-like stars in the later stages of their lives.
	Israeli nonprofit vows new moon mission after 1st crashes The Israeli start-up behind last week's failed lunar landing has vowed to create a second mission to steer a privately funded spacecraft onto the moon.

Technology news

	From motion to emotion: The potential of robot swarms in artistic performances Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have recently carried out an interesting study exploring how motion and shape descriptors that are associated with particular emotions can be incorporated into swarm behaviors to create evocative artistic expositions. Their research, recently published on arXiv, combines engineering and robotics with artistic expression in an innovative way.
	Two security researchers find WPA3 vulnerabilities You mean my safety blanket isn't safe? A next-gen standard "was supposed to make password cracking a thing of the past," clucked Ars Technica, after learning that vulnerabilities were found in the WPA3 protocol that could allow adversaries to get to Wi-Fi passwords and access the target network.
	In California, giant Stratolaunch jet flies for first time A giant six-engine aircraft with the world's longest wingspan completed what company officials called a superb initial flight over California's Mojave Desert, bringing to life a dream held by the late Microsoft co-founder Paul G. Allen.
	Taking a cue from spider webs, researchers capture fresh water with vapor capture system Inspired by how dew drops form on spider webs, UCLA engineers and mathematicians have designed a unique and effective water vapor capture system that could be used to produce clean, fresh water, or to recycle industrial water that would otherwise be wasted.
	Novel batteries are the first to use water-splitting technology at their core Inside modern cell phones are billions of nanoscale switches that flip on and off, allowing the phone to function. These switches, called transistors, are controlled by an electrical signal that is delivered via a single battery. This configuration of one battery to power multiple components works well for today's technologies, but there is room for improvement. Each time a signal is piped from the battery to a component, some power is lost on the journey. Coupling each component with its own battery would be a much better setup, minimizing energy loss and maximizing battery life. However, in the current tech world, batteries are not small enough to permit this arrangement—at least not yet.
	Intel Optane memory H10 with solid state storage will land this year Nice-looking couple. Optane memory. QLC 3-D NAND. Intel has released the specs for what Brandon Hill, Hot Hardware, said was "specifically optimized for thin and light notebooks."
	Google takes on 'Africa's challenges' with first AI centre in Ghana An artificial intelligence research laboratory opened by Google in Ghana, the first of its kind in Africa, will take on challenges across the continent, researchers say.
	Hacker group posts hundreds of law officer records A hacker group has posted online the personal information of hundreds of federal agents and police officers apparently stolen from websites affiliated with alumni of the FBI's National Academy.
	German students have algorithm for Game of Thrones deaths Spoiler alert: Computer science students at the Technical University of Munich have developed an application that scours the internet for data on the popular Game of Thrones series, and uses an algorithm to predict which characters are most likely to survive to the end of its final season.
	China's auto show highlights electric ambitions This year's Shanghai auto show highlights the global industry's race to make electric cars Chinese drivers want to buy as Beijing winds down subsidies that promoted sales.
	Disney throws down gauntlet in war on Netflix The battle is on. Walt Disney Co. is bringing its biggest weapons to a new streaming service, including "Star Wars" and Marvel superheroes, in what is expected to be bruising war with Netflix and others for television dominance.
	Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp back up after massive outage Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp were temporarily down early Sunday.
	Daimler faces probe over 'new cheating software' Daimler confirmed Sunday it was facing a regulatory probe after a report said German authorities have uncovered a previously unknown type of pollution trickery software allegedly installed by the car giant in some of its vehicles.
	Nuclear fuel removed from crippled Japan plant The operator of Japan's crippled Fukushima power plant on Monday began removing atomic fuel from inside a building housing one of the reactors that melted down in 2011.
	Faster, more accurate diagnoses: Healthcare applications of AI research When Google DeepMind's AlphaGo shockingly defeated legendary Go player Lee Sedol in 2016, the terms artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and deep learning were propelled into the technological mainstream.
	Researchers look in detail at the interfaces in perovskite solar cells A collaboration led by ICIQ's Palomares group deepens the understanding of the impact that changing the materials in a perovskite solar cell has on its performance. The results, published in the peer-reviewed journal Energy & Environmental Science will inform the design of the components of solar cells, thus increasing their commercial appeal.
	Europe looks to remold internet with new copyright rules The European Union has approved a copyright overhaul that aims to give more protection to artists and news organizations but which critics say will stifle freedom of speech and online creativity and punish smaller web companies.
Questions over coverage plague rural broadband expansion There is a way around the notoriously sluggish internet in West Virginia. You just need a car and some time.
	France sees blockchain as anti-monopoly weapon in digital world France is pushing blockchain technology as a means of preventing finance giants enjoying a monopoly on transactions, Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire said Monday.
	Researchers develop blockchain protocol to prevent counterfeit pharmaceutical sales Portland State University researcher Nirupama Bulusu wants to prevent counterfeit pharmaceuticals from flooding the market. Bulusu recently published a blockchain protocol that could do just that.
Vermont's largest utility wants 100% renewable power by 2030 Vermont's largest electric utility is upping the ante and setting a goal of getting all of its power from renewable sources in just over a decade.
	Netflix chief Hastings to leave Facebook board Netflix chief Reed Hastings will depart Facebook's board of directors at the end of next month, according to a Friday filing with US regulators by the leading social network.
	India's Jet extends international cancellations as airline teeters India's Jet Airways extended a suspension of all of its international flights until Monday, the latest blow to the debt-stricken carrier battling to stay afloat.
	Rags-to-riches Skoda mulls post-Brexit sales woes Once the butt of jokes, Czech-made Skoda cars have won over Brits, but the UK's exit from the European Union could deal a heavy blow to the brand and the entire Czech economy.
Talks on tech taxes 'productive': Mnuchin The United States and economic partners held "productive" talks this week on the taxation of major tech giants, US Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said Saturday.
	American Airlines to cancel 115 flights daily over 737 MAX American Airlines announced Sunday it would scrap some 115 flights per day in the coming months because its fleet of Boeing 737 MAX planes is being grounded until August 19.
	Academy warned against excluding Netflix from Oscars It may already have Oscars under its belt, but Netflix's acceptance by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences hangs in the balance.
Volkswagen unveils fully-electric SUV for China market Volkswagen is planning to release a fully-electric SUV in China which could compete with Tesla's Model X.
	UK proposes banning social media 'likes' for children Britain's privacy regulator wants to stop kids from being able to "like" posts on Facebook and other social media sites as part of tough new rules it's proposing to protect children's online privacy.
	Just 15 days left for deal to save ailing Alitalia airline Concern was mounting in Italy on Monday over the fate of the troubled national airline Alitalia, with just 15 days until the deadline for the state railway company to submit a concrete takeover offer.
	German prosecutors charge ex-VW boss with fraud German prosecutors said Monday they had charged former Volkswagen chief executive Martin Winterkorn and four other managers over "dieselgate", bringing the cheating scandal back into the headlines just as VW battles to move on from the affair.
	Lyft pulls electric bikes off the road after brake problems Lyft has pulled 3,000 electric bikes from the streets of New York, San Francisco and Washington, D.C., after customers complained the bikes were braking too hard.
	How does dark play impact the effectiveness of serious video games? A new study has shown that allowing "dark play" in a serious video game intended to practice skills transferable to a real-life setting does not impact the game's effectiveness. Dark play, in which players choose inappropriate or unethical actions, is an option in nearly all video games. The study, which evaluated the ability and attitudes of medical students in caring for delirious patients, is published in Games for Health Journal.
	Microsoft overhauls how it investigates office misbehavior Microsoft is revamping its practices for investigating workplace allegations after a group of women shared stories of discrimination and sexual harassment.

Medicine & Health news

	Low-intensity ultrasound can change decision-making process in the brain, research shows Imagine working in your office while the sun is shining outside. Thinking about what you could be doing instead of working is an example of "counterfactual thinking".
	'Superbugs' found on many hospital patients' hands and what they touch most often For decades, hospitals have worked to get doctors, nurses and others to wash their hands and prevent the spread of germs.
	FDA added sugar label could be a cost-effective way to improve health, generate savings The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) mandatory added sugar labeling policy for packaged foods and beverages, set to take effect between 2020 and 2021, could be a cost-effective way to generate important health gains and cost-savings for both the healthcare system and society in the U.S., according to a new modeling study led by researchers from the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University and the University of Liverpool. The analysis is the first to estimate the potential health and economic impacts of the new label.
	Scientists discover an interaction that helps cancers spread to bone A Princeton-led team of researchers have discovered a factor that promotes the spread of cancers to bone, opening the way toward treatments that could mitigate cancer's ability to colonize bone. The study by Mark Esposito, Yibin Kang and colleagues appears in the April 15 issue of Nature Cell Biology.
	New algorithm identifies patients harboring tumor-causing defect found in multiple cancers Medications known as PARP inhibitors have emerged as a promising therapy for several forms of cancer fueled by a defect in the cells' DNA repair machinery. Yet many people with cancers caused by the defect, known as HR deficiency, who stand to benefit from PARP inhibitors remain unidentified because standard genetic panels used in the clinic do not reliably detect the cancer-causing HR deficiency.
	Discovery aids search for cancer biomarkers A report by researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center has shattered conventional wisdom about how cells, including cancer cells, shed DNA into the bloodstream: they don't do it by packaging the genetic material in tiny vesicles called exosomes.
	Growth hormone acts to prevent weight loss Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil have discovered that growth hormone (GH), which stimulates skeletal maturation and linear bone growth, as well as helping maintain tissue and organs throughout life, also acts directly on the brain to conserve energy when the body loses weight.
	Drug reduces risk of kidney failure in people with diabetes, study finds A new landmark clinical trial shows that a drug lowers the risk of kidney failure by a third in people with Type 2 diabetes and kidney disease.
	Research provides important insight on the brain-body connection A study conducted by University of Arkansas researchers reveals that neurons in the motor cortex of the brain exhibit an unexpected division of labor, a finding that could help scientists understand how the brain controls the body and provide insight on certain neurological disorders.
	Synthetic peptide can inhibit toxicity, aggregation of protein in Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's is a disease of aggregation. Neurons in the human brain make a protein called amyloid beta. Such proteins on their own, called monomers of amyloid beta, perform important tasks for neurons. But in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, amyloid beta monomers have abandoned their jobs and joined together. First, they form oligomers—small clumps of up to a dozen proteins—then longer strands and finally large deposits called plaques. For years, scientists believed that the plaques triggered the cognitive impairments characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. But newer research implicates the smaller aggregates of amyloid beta as the toxic elements of this disease.
	'First' 3-D print of heart with human tissue, vessels unveiled Scientists in Israel unveiled a 3D print of a heart with human tissue and vessels on Monday, calling it a first and a "major medical breakthrough" that advances possibilities for transplants.
	Researchers combine CRISPR gene-editing technology with drug discovery to understand why cancer treatment works 11,000 people are predicted to die from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 2019, according to the American Cancer Society. The cancer starts in the bone marrow. There, mutated genes fail to prevent blood cells from replicating again and again and again, growing tumors.
	Researchers identify how liver cells protect against viral attacks Liver cells have an innate resistance to RNA viral infections like hepatitis A, dengue and Zika thanks to a protein called IRF1, according to researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) and Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science (TMIMS). When present in liver cells, this IRF1 protein regulates RARRES3, an enzyme that when expressed in cells where hepatitis A virus is trying to set up shop, will attack the virus. These results were published in Nature Microbiology.
	New study first to identify cause of rare genetic metabolic disorder A new study from BC Children's Hospital, the University of British Columbia (UBC) and an international team of researchers published in the New England Journal of Medicine is the first to identify a rarely-seen type of DNA mutation as the cause of an inherited metabolic disorder.
Qatar seeks to transform diabetes care with 'whole nation' project In an unremarkable office in a Doha hospital, a study is taking place which could transform the way Qatar deals with one of its most persistent health issues—diabetes.
Clinical trial shows promise of stem cells in offering safe, effective relief from arthritic knees Stem cells collected from the patient's own bone marrow holds great interest as a potential therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee (KOA) because of their ability to regenerate the damaged cartilage. The results were released today in STEM CELLS Translational Medicine (SCTM).
	ICU patients with non-brain-related injuries may suffer undetected cognitive dysfunction A new study led by Western University and Lawson Health Research Institute has found that most patients entering hospital intensive care units (ICU) for non-brain-related injuries or ailments also suffer from some level of related cognitive dysfunction that currently goes undetected in most cases.
	Microbiome of baby's first stool is associated with overweight at age 3 years New research presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April) shows that the early microbiome (population of gut bacteria) in newborn babies is able to predict the risk of the child subsequently becoming overweight. These gut bacteria can also be affected by maternal antibiotic use during pregnancy.
Zinc oxide reduces body odor caused by bacteria and aids wound healing New research presented at this week's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April) shows that a formulation containing zinc oxide is effective at reducing armpit odour through killing the responsible bacteria, and assists in wound healing. The study was carried out by Professor Magnus S. Ågren, Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (where the study took place) and Khaled Saoud Ali Ghathian, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark and colleagues.
Study underlines large variation in patient mortality associated with different bloodstream infections New research presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April) shows the danger posed by bloodstream infections (BSIs), and the large variation in mortality rates associated with different infectious microorganisms. The study is by Liya Lomsadze and colleagues from Northwell Health, Great Neck, New York, United States.
Mode of delivery alters infants' gut microbiota and this may impact respiratory health in first year of life New research being presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands (13-16 April), suggests that mode of delivery influences the development of the microbial composition of the gut (i.e. the gut microbiota) in infants, independently of a mother's use of antibiotics. This, in turn, may affect infants' respiratory health during the first year of life.
	Petting zoos could potentially transmit highly virulent drug-resistant bacteria to visitors New research presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April) shows that petting zoos can create a diverse reservoir of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria, which could lead to highly virulent drug-resistant pathogens being passed on to visitors.
Public health experts urge people to seek prompt medical advice if they suspect rabies exposure There is only a short window of opportunity to seek medical help before rabies becomes almost invariably fatal, but people wait an average of 10 days before seeking medical advice following exposure to potentially rabid animals overseas, according to new research being presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April). The average delay in seeking treatment following bat exposures in the UK was almost three days.
	Staying in a hotel during travel to tropical regions is associated with contracting drug-resistant bacteria Staying in a hotel or private accommodation is associated with contracting and carrying home drug-resistant bacteria in travellers to low and/or middle-income countries (LMICs), according to new research being presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April). Younger travellers aged 20-30 years were also found to be at increased risk compared with those in other age groups.
	National poll: Most parents concerned about safety of teens using ride-sharing services As teens prepare to leave home for college or live on their own in a new city, many may also be using ride sharing services for the first time—and that raises safety concerns for many parents—a new national poll suggests.
	Applying hand rub with 3 steps for 15 seconds as effective as WHO-recommended 6 steps for 30 seconds A shortened 15-second application time and a simpler three-step technique for use of alcohol-based hand rub is as effective in reducing bacteria as the 30-second application and six-step technique recommended by WHO, and could improve hand hygiene compliance.
Cognitive functioning does not predict weight-loss outcome for adolescents Young people with cognitive impairments and developmental disabilities, including Down syndrome, have similar weight-loss trajectories to those with typical cognitive function after bariatric surgery, according to a new study in Pediatrics authored by psychologists at Children's National Health System.
	This gene could play a major role in reducing brain swelling after stroke Could a medication someday help the brain heal itself after a stroke, or even prevent damage following a blow to the head? A new USC study lends support to the idea.
	Cancers 'change spots' to avoid immunotherapy Cancers can make themselves harder for new immunotherapies to see by 'changing their spots' - and switching off a key molecule on the surface of cells that is otherwise recognised by treatment.
Maternal gestational diabetes linked to diabetes in children Children and youth of mothers who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at increased risk of diabetes themselves, according to new research published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).
	Celebrity fat shaming has ripple effects on women's implicit anti-fat attitudes Celebrities, particularly female celebrities, are routinely criticized about their appearance—indeed, celebrity "fat-shaming" is a fairly regular pop-cultural phenomenon. Although we might assume that these comments are trivial and inconsequential, the effects of these messages can extend well beyond the celebrity target and ripple through the population at large. Comparing 20 instances of celebrity fat-shaming with women's implicit attitudes about weight before and after the event, psychologists from McGill University found that instances of celebrity fat-shaming were associated with an increase in women's implicit negative weight-related attitudes. They also found that from 2004—2015, implicit weight bias was on the rise more generally.
	National handwashing campaign reduces incidence of Staphylococcus aureus infection in Australia's hospitals Since its implementation in 2009, the National Australian Hand Hygiene Initiative (NHHI) has seen significant, sustained improvements in hand hygiene compliance among Australian healthcare workers, and reduced risks of potentially fatal healthcare-associated Staphylococcus aureus infection, according to new research being presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April), and published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
	Developing a vaccine against Nipah virus Nipah virus is a type of RNA virus transmitted from animals to humans. The infection causes severe respiratory illness and symptoms including cough, headache and fever, which can progress into encephalitis, seizure and coma. Currently, there is no approved vaccine against Nipah virus available on the market. In recent years, outbreaks, from bat-to-human or pig-to-human transmission, have been reported in Malaysia, Singapore, Bangladesh and India. The World Health Organization (WHO) therefore lists Nipah virus as a priority pathogen needing urgent action.
	Primary care services account for a small share of Medicare spending, study finds Care provided by primary care practitioners accounts for a small fraction of total spending among Medicare beneficiaries, according to a new RAND Corporation study published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine.
	First-year doctors spend almost 90 percent of their time away from patients First-year doctors, or interns, spend 87 percent of their work time away from patients, half of which is spent interacting with electronic health records, according to a new study from researchers at Penn Medicine and Johns Hopkins University. Of the 13 percent of time spent interacting with patients face-to-face, much of that is still spent multitasking. As the largest study to look at how young doctors spend their work day, this research sought to understand what medical residents did while in training, such as how much time they spent in education and patient care. The study was published today in JAMA Internal Medicine.
	Stimulating the epileptic brain breaks up neural networks to prevent seizures Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) treats epilepsy by detecting seizures and intervening with a jolt of electric current. Over time, most patients find their seizures become fewer and further between. Now, for the first time, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC have a better understanding of why this happens.
90 percent of teens killed by an intimate partner are girls: study Intimate partner homicide among teens does occur and 90 percent of the victims are girls, according to a new study in JAMA Pediatrics.
	UCLA researcher aims to study societal impacts of cannabis In the 15 months since the recreational sale of marijuana became legal for adults in California, an explosion of new cannabis-based products, unchecked health claims and slick advertisements has bombarded the state.
	Researchers study cost-effectiveness of rectal cancer treatments Costs are on the rise for many kinds of medical treatments. UCLA researchers are looking for cost-effective ways to treat people who have locally advanced rectal cancer, a cancer located in the end section of the large intestine.
	Researcher reports skin properties that may limit cancer and aid stem cell regeneration Two images published in a Cell Stem Cell paper in September 2018 summarize years of relentless questioning on how skin stem cells regenerate, which has driven much of the research of Valentina Greco, Ph.D., Carolyn Walch Slayman Professor of Genetics and professor of cell biology and of dermatology, and her lab members.
	Abnormal proteins correlate with aggressive behaviour in dementia Researchers at Lund University in Sweden have together with American colleagues studied deceased patients who were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or frontotemporal dementia. They observed a correlation between certain proteins and dementia sufferers' tendency to commit criminal acts.
	Vaccination against Epstein-Barr virus might reduce the risk of developing Hodgkin's lymphoma, study suggests Cells of certain blood cancers such as Hodgkin's lymphoma carry the protein CD30 on their surface. The molecule is not only an indicator of a few cancers of the immune system but also increases the risk of their occurrence, according to a report in the journal Blood by researchers of the Helmholtz Zentrum München. A greatly increased number of CD30-bearing cells are produced after certain viral infections, e.g. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and in autoimmune diseases.
	Train your brain, change your brain Less than one hour of brain training with neurofeedback leads to a strengthening of neural connections and communication among brain areas. This is the main finding of a new study conducted at D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), published today in Neuroimage. According to the authors, the study may pave the way for the optimization and development of therapeutic approaches against stroke and Parkinson's, for example.
	Heavy periods? You might have an undiagnosed bleeding disorder About 30 per cent of all women report heavy menstrual periods at some point during their reproductive years. Up to 15 per cent of these have an underlying bleeding disorder and yet most have never been diagnosed, leaving thousands of women to suffer from a treatable problem.
	Harmful compounds might be formed when foods containing the sweetener sucralose are heated Sucralose is a sweetener authorized in the European Union as E 955. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) has assessed the current data situation on the stability of sucralose and the formation of possibly harmful chlorinated compounds at high temperatures.
	Listeners immerse themselves in audiobooks in very different ways Researchers at Aalto University analysed how listeners immerse themselves in audiobooks by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and words that the story brings to mind. The study indicated that word lists resembling each other also predicted similarities in brain function.
	Immune study sheds light on vitamin D effects Scientists have uncovered fresh insights into how vitamin D affects the immune system and might influence susceptibility to diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
	FDA approves personalized therapy for metastatic bladder cancer (HealthDay)—The first personalized treatment for patients with metastatic bladder cancer and susceptible fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genetic alterations was granted accelerated approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the agency announced.
	ACR issues position statements on drug pricing, step therapy (HealthDay)—Two position statements developed in relation to drug pricing and step therapy have been issued by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR).
	Good smells may help ease tobacco cravings (HealthDay)—Could quitting tobacco involve something as simple as a pleasant scent?
	Helping the young mind grow (HealthDay)—Whether you call it snowplow, bulldozer or helicopter parenting, these child-rearing styles have gotten a lot of attention recently, and the acknowledgment that they may not be the best way to raise a confident, well-adjusted young person.
	Is your inner critic ruining your love life? (HealthDay)—Many people are plagued by self-criticism, that inner voice that questions every decision and every move. It can keep you from reaching goals and erode self-confidence. And when it happens during intimacy, it can ruin your sex life and your relationship.
	Pre-cut melons at Kroger, Walmart, other stores may carry Salmonella (HealthDay)—Pre-cut, packaged melon distributed by major grocery chains across 16 states have been tied to an outbreak of salmonella illness, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration warned Friday.
	Don't prosecute sexting teens as child pornographers, researchers say (HealthDay)—In many U.S. states, teenagers who send "sext" messages to each other can be prosecuted as child pornographers—and that should end, researchers argue.
	CPAP brings longer life for obese people with sleep apnea: Study (HealthDay)—There's good news for the millions of obese Americans with sleep apnea: Researchers report the use of the CPAP mask may greatly increase their chances for a longer life.
	New breast cancer radiation therapy shortens treatment, reduces side effects Loyola Medicine and Palos Health are offering a new breast cancer radiation therapy that shortens the treatment time by three weeks, while reducing side effects.
	New study reveals 'silence' around suicide in young people Mental health professionals treating children and young people with suicidal feelings should refer to 'suicide' explicitly to ensure they feel listened to, according to new research.
	Safety-net hospitals fare better under new Medicare reimbursement rules New Medicare reimbursement rules provide some relief to safety-net hospitals, shifting the burden of financial penalties toward hospitals serving wealthier patient populations, according to a new study led by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The new rules also reduce the burden of such penalties on hospitals in states that have more generous Medicaid programs.
	Doubles badminton players may be at highest risk of serious eye injury during play Doubles badminton players may be at greatest risk of potentially serious eye injury during matches compared with singles players, suggests a small study published online in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
	Scientists get sly, use deception to fight cancer Scientists Get Sly, Use Deception to Fight Cancer. Hebrew University Researchers Create Decoys that Block RNA-Binding Proteins from Spreading Cancer
Statins likely to prevent cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis patients Results from a large clinical trial indicate that patients with rheumatoid arthritis are likely to experience the same level of cardiovascular benefits from statins as other individuals, without additional risks. The findings appear in Arthritis & Rheumatology, an official journal of The American College of Rheumatology.
	A frenemy fungus provides clues about a new deadly one It seems like every few years there's a virus or bacterium that threatens human health in a new way. But a new fungus that is a threat to humans? That doesn't happen very often. That's why we in the medical mycology community – the people who study dangerous fungi – are so intrigued and concerned by news reports about a new, deadly fungus called Candida auris.
Irregular schedules, being new on the job raises risk of injury for miners working long hours Numerous studies have reported on the association between long work shifts and an increased risk of getting injured on the job. Fatigue, fewer breaks and psychomotor impairments resulting from long hours are believed to play a major role in the increased risk of injury for people who work shifts longer than 9 hours.
	Rare but important gene target found in many tumor types, suggesting new therapy possible A consortium of researchers led by Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center investigators have completed the largest analysis of a new gene fusion they believe is responsible for development of a wide spectrum of cancer types. They say their studies show that errant gene fusions in neuregulin-1 or NRG1, which are present in about 0.2 percent of cancers, can be targeted with existing agents, although a novel therapy could effectively shut these cancers down.
	'Fingerprint database' could help scientists to identify new cancer culprits Scientists in Cambridge and London have developed a catalogue of DNA mutation 'fingerprints' that could help doctors pinpoint the environmental culprit responsible for a patient's tumour—including showing some of the fingerprints left in lung tumours by specific chemicals found in tobacco smoke.
	Global measles cases up 300 percent year-on-year: WHO Measles cases rose 300 percent worldwide through the first three months of 2019 compared to the same period last year, the UN said Monday, as concern grows over the impact of anti-vaccination stigma.
	Researchers identify mechanism of resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer, but recent advances in targeted therapies have improved the prognosis for many patients. Unfortunately, for some patients these positive outcomes are not long lasting, due to the development of drug resistance and tumor recurrence. Moffitt Cancer Center researchers have discovered a mechanism by which melanoma cells become resistant to the commonly used drugs that target the BRAF protein and its signaling pathway. Their study was published online today by the journal Cancer Research.
	Procedure time proves vital in thrombectomy success The "Stroke Belt" refers to the swath of states in the Southeast where rates of stroke death are high, and according to the Department of Health and Environmental Control, South Carolina comes in at number six for the nation's highest rates of stroke death.
FDA ban on menthol is likely to survive tobacco industry lawsuits A proposed ban of menthol combustible tobacco products by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will likely be upheld in court, albeit a lengthy legal process, a Rutgers paper found.
In lung disease, crackling and wheezing can be more than just a sign of sickness Doctors know they're the sounds of lung problems, but it turns out they might be more than symptoms—crackling and wheezing could be the sounds of a disease progressing, a University of Michigan researcher has found.
	Genetic analysis has potential to transform diagnosis and treatment of adults with liver disease of unknown cause Adults suffering from liver disease of unknown cause represent an understudied and underserved patient population. A new study reported in the Journal of Hepatology, supports the incorporation of whole-exome sequencing (WES) in the diagnosis and management of adults suffering from unexplained liver disease and underscores its value in developing an understanding of which liver phenotypes of unknown cause in adults are genetic.
	US measles cases surge nearly 20 percent in a week: health authorities Measles cases in the United States surged nearly 20 percent over the past week to 555, even as authorities in New York, site of the two biggest outbreaks, faced court challenges over their attempts to compel vaccinations.
	For busy medical students, two-hour meditation study may be as beneficial as longer course For time-crunched medical students, taking a two-hour introductory class on mindfulness may be just as beneficial for reducing stress and depression as taking an eight-week meditation course, a Rutgers study finds.
	Fentanyl deaths up 122 percent in West Virginia, researchers say If heroin is coffee, fentanyl is espresso. Just as a miniscule cup of espresso can hype you up more than a whole mug of coffee, a single exposure to fentanyl can get a user vastly higher than injecting the same volume of heroin. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says fentanyl is 50 times stronger than heroin.
Some patients with imminently fatal cancer still receive treatment Some patients who died within one month of being newly diagnosed with metastatic cancer in the United States received ineffective surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and hormonal therapy according to a new American Cancer Society study. The authors say the findings highlight the need to better identify patients with imminently fatal metastatic cancer who may not benefit from aggressive and expensive therapies. The study appears early online in JNCI Cancer Spectrum.
	Many heart attack patients may be needlessly treated in ICU, study suggests Many patients who suffer a type of heart attack known as an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are treated in the intensive care unit (ICU), despite a relatively low risk of developing a complication requiring ICU care, according to a new study published in JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions.
	Quick assessment tool of children's environments can aid in prediction of optimal development outcomes For decades in the U.S., there have been competing theories of how best to raise children, from the early 1900s belief that mothers should not be clingy to parents' embrace of Dr. Spock. Parents want to optimize their "nests," knowing physical elements like shelter and psychological elements like emotional support affect child development.
	New gene variant is even more resistant to hospital antiseptic A team of investigators has discovered a new, more powerful variant on an antimicrobial resistance gene common among Staphylococcus species. The gene protects the bacteria from an antiseptic compound widely used in healthcare. The team showed that the newly discovered gene occurs in a highly virulent and multi-resistant clone of Staphylococcus epidermidis, found in healthcare settings worldwide. The research is published in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, a journal of the American Society for Microbiology.
	Why more patients are surviving an aneurysm (HealthDay)—New treatments mean aneurysms are no longer an automatic death sentence, specialists say.
	Normalizing BP in elderly with hypertension may up mortality (HealthDay)—Normalized blood pressure (BP) is associated with an increased risk for all-cause mortality for older adults during hypertension treatment, with increased risk seen in octogenarians and those with previous cardiovascular events, according to a study recently published in the European Heart Journal.
	Telehealth video visits risk fragmenting care (HealthDay)—Although telehealth video visits offer users greater convenience, they risk fragmenting care without greater coordination with usual care providers, according to a study recently published in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association.
	Female radiation oncologists receive lower Medicare reimbursement (HealthDay)—Female radiation oncologists submit fewer Medicare charges, bill using fewer unique codes, and receive lower Medicare payments than male radiation oncologists, according to a study published online March 22 in JAMA Network Open.
	AEDs tied to higher pneumonia risk in Alzheimer patients (HealthDay)—Antiepileptic drug (AED) use may increase the risk for pneumonia in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), according to a study recently published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.
	New scale helps identify more serious cases of mononucleosis (HealthDay)—A new scale for rating the severity of mononucleosis can identify patients at risk for more serious cases, including those who might develop chronic fatigue syndrome following infectious mononucleosis, according to a study recently published in The Journal of Pediatrics.
High prevalence of healthcare-associated infections and low testing rates found in EU hospitals The European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) estimates that 9 million cases of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur across Europe each year—with around one in 15 patients in acute care hospitals and one in 24 residents in long-term care facilities having at least one infection on any given day, according to the most comprehensive assessment of HAIs in Europe to date, being presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April).
Ecological study identifies potential association between antimicrobial resistance and climate change New research presented at this week's 29th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13—16 April 2019), identifies a novel association between antibiotic resistance and climate change. The study was conducted at the Institute of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Germany, in collaboration with the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany. The lead author is Professor Simone Scheithauer of UMG.
	European experts sound alarm as mosquito- and tick-borne diseases set to flourish in warmer climate New research presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April) shows that the geographical range of vector-borne diseases such as chikungunya, dengue fever, leishmaniasis, and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is expanding rapidly.
Study finds low hand hygiene compliance on ICUs Healthcare workers on intensive care units (ICUs) are regularly missing opportunities to clean their hands during the care of patients, despite its critical importance for infection control, according to new research being presented at this year's European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (13-16 April).
	Resolving sex differences in psychiatric disorder risk Male and female rats whose mother experienced a simulated viral infection during pregnancy display autism- and schizophrenia-like behaviors, according to a new follow-up study published in eNeuro. The researchers extended findings of their previous study of male animals to their female siblings.
	Brain marker for angry dreams Researchers have identified a pattern of brain activity that predicts anger experienced during dreaming, according to a new study of healthy adults published in JNeurosci. The research could potentially inform efforts to understand the neural basis of the emotional content of nightmares, a feature of various mental and sleep disorders.
	Dopamine regulates sex differences in worms Dopamine is responsible for sex-specific variations in common behaviors, finds a study of worm movements published in JNeurosci.
	Keeping bone in its place Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of bone within soft tissue such as muscle, leading to pain and potentially the inability to use a limb. Once thought to be primarily a genetic disease, the cause of most trauma-induced HO is unknown.
	When's the best time to get your flu shot? When most of us get the flu, we spend three or four days on the couch feeling miserable, then we bounce back pretty quickly. But others have more severe symptoms and need to be hospitalised because they're at risk of life-threatening complications. Some people even die from the flu.
	More research urgently needed to treat and prevent cardiovascular disease Heart disease remains the world's leading cause of death, and today top European scientists outlined their battle plans for the coming years, calling for more investment in research.
	Cell-type specific mechanism for formation and retrieval of cocaine-associated memories A Japan-based research team led by Kanazawa University has revealed neuronal mechanisms underlying the formation and retrieval of cocaine use-associated memories. Their research sheds light on how drug addiction develops and reveals pathways that can be exploited for the development of strategies to treat cocaine addiction.
Regular cannabis users require up to 220 percent higher dosage for sedation in medical procedures Patients who regularly use cannabis may require more than two times the usual level of sedation when undergoing medical procedures, according to a study published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.
	Transgender youth faced with tough decision to freeze sperm or eggs The last thing on most teens' minds is whether or not they want to have kids someday. But transitioning transgender adolescents are forced to consider whether to preserve their sperm or eggs at a young age.
Prove it: National telehealth research network greenlighted The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus is part of a team of researchers that has received a grant of $3.6 million for the SPROUT-CTSA Collaborative Telehealth Research Network.

Biology news

	Engineering 'hairpins' increases CRISPR accuracy Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed a method for improving the accuracy of the CRISPR genome editing technology by an average of 50-fold. They believe it can be easily translated to any of the editing technology's continually expanding formats.
	To protect stem cells, plants have diverse genetic backup plans Despite evolution driving a wide variety of differences, many plants function the same way. Now a new study has revealed the different genetic strategies various flowering plant species use to achieve the same status quo.
	Computer games for fish uncover why some prey lead and others follow For the first time, researchers have shed new light on the evolution of different social roles within animal groups by exploring how fish predators target and attack groups of virtual prey. The study, led by the universities of Bristol and Oxford and published today [Monday 15 April] in the journal PNAS, found leaders in groups of animals are more vulnerable to attack from predators.
	Novel approach promises ready access to hard-to-study proteins DNA and the genome, we know, provide the blueprint for life. But it is the proteins made according to the genome's instructions that are the nuts and bolts of living organisms, providing the molecular building blocks for all cells and that are critical targets for therapy.
	A new bacteria-killing weapon in the fight against antibiotic resistance When the first antibiotics were discovered in the early 20th century, the rate of death from infectious diseases fell dramatically. But the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria as a result of antibiotic misuse is raising fears that by 2050, these same diseases will once again become the leading cause of death worldwide. In a bid to boost the arsenal available to tackle this threat, scientists from the Institut Pasteur, the CNRS and the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid successfully programmed a bacterial genetic structure to make it capable of specifically killing multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria without also destroying bacteria that are beneficial to the body. Unlike other approaches under development, this novel tool is associated with a minimal rate of emergence of new resistance. The results were published in the journal Nature Biotechnology on April 15, 2019.
	What makes a jellyfish? Translucent jellyfish, colorful corals and waving sea anemones have very different bodies but all fall on the same big branch in the animal family tree. Jellyfish actually start out anchored to the sea floor, just like corals and anemones. Researchers at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) recently uncovered which genes allow jellyfish to graduate from this stationary stage and swim off into the sea.
	CRISPRed wheat helps farmers control weeds Chinese farmers are facing worsening problems with the weed jointed goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii), a close relative of wheat.
	Scientists use eBird data to propose optimal bird conservation plan A new paper published today in the journal Nature Communications shows a blueprint for conserving enough habitat to protect the populations of almost one-third of the warblers, orioles, tanagers, and other birds that migrate among the Americas throughout the year.
	Entomologists uncover Florida fire ant matriarchy In most colonies, ants work in service of a single reproductive queen, but that's not always the way ant societies function.
	Could climate change cause infertility? The scientific community has long held an understanding about the effect of temperature on sperm production in mammals, but this new study sheds light on how spermatogenesis in insects is hampered at extreme temperatures.
	Pollen genes mutate naturally in only some strains of corn Pollen genes mutate naturally in only some strains of corn, according to Rutgers-led research that helps explain the genetic instability in certain strains and may lead to better breeding of corn and other crops.
	Google searches reveal popular bird species Cross-referencing a decade of Google searches and citizen science observations, researchers have determined which of 621 North American bird species are currently the most popular and which characteristics of species drive human interest. Study findings have just been published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Do songbirds pay a price for winter wandering? In years when winter conditions are especially harsh, birds that depend on conifer seeds for food are sometimes forced to leave their homes in northern forests and wander far from their normal ranges to find enough to eat. A new study published in The Auk: Ornithological Advances uses citizen science data to show for the first time that these winter movements—called "irruptions"—lead to a decline in birds' population density in their breeding range the following summer, suggesting that irrupting birds succumb to the difficulties of avoiding predators and finding food in unfamiliar landscapes.
	Death of rare turtle leaves 3 remaining in the world The only known female member of one of the world's rarest turtle species has died at a zoo in southern China, officials said Sunday.
	The arrestin-GPCR connection G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the "inbox" of environmental messages in mammalian cells. Because of their central role in signaling pathways, mutations resulting in abnormal GPCR functions cause a wide variety of diseases. Therefore, GPCRs are the most intensively studied drug targets.
	How bugs overcome host defenses Bacterial pathogens must acquire nutrient metals from the host to survive and cause disease. To counter infection, hosts attempt to starve bacteria by hiding metals away in a process called "nutritional immunity." Bacteria are wily foes though, and they change in order to survive metal starvation.
	Lead ammunition polluting Argentina Pollution from lead ammunition causes environmental health problems in Argentina, and progress is underway to find viable replacements for lead shot, according to an overview of lead pollution from hunting in the country. Argentina's pioneering awareness and attention to this problem may help others address this global health issue that threatens humans, animals and landscapes.
	Men sometimes act less interested in sex—in order to get it When heterosexuals have casual sex, previous research indicates it is typically the woman who sets the boundaries. If she's not interested, usually nothing will happen.
	Of bunyips and other beasts: Living memories of long-extinct creatures in art and stories On many continents during the last ice age, typically from about 50,000 to 12,000 years ago, species of megafauna that had lived there for hundreds of thousands of years became extinct. Comparatively abruptly, it appears, in most instances.
	Sharks more vulnerable than originally thought A study of small-scale fisheries operating from Kenya, Zanzibar and Madagascar, has revealed the massive underreporting of sharks and rays caught annually in the region.
	How birders helped pinpoint hotspots for migratory bird conservation Many bird populations are crashing, largely because they migrate such long distances and are at risk from human influence at every link in their migratory chain.
	Diet in development affects insect mating habits The study in beetles is the first to link an animal's nutritional intake during sexual development with its adult breeding habits.
	Hold the mustard: What makes spiders fussy eaters It might be one of nature's most agile and calculating hunters, but the wolf spider won't harm an insect that literally leaves a bad taste in its mouth, according to new research by a team of Wake Forest University sensory neuroscientists, including C.J. "Jake" Saunders.
	RNA transport in neurons—Staufen2 detects its target transcripts in a complex manner A team of scientists from Helmholtz Zentrum München and the University of Ulm has discovered that the neuronal transport factor Staufen2 scans and binds to its target transcripts in a much more complex manner than previously thought. RNA is transported within highly complex protein-RNA particles whose structure and specificity are still poorly understood. The team's findings, recently published in the journal Nature Communications, opens up new approaches to improve our understanding of the process.
	A novel protein that plays a crucial role in the formation of the mitotic spindle Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich researchers have identified a novel protein that plays a crucial role in the formation of the mitotic spindle, which is essential for correct segregation of a full set of chromosomes to each daughter cell during cell division.
Neurobiologists annotate critical neuronal proteins in lamprey genome The lamprey, an eel-like primitive vertebrate, is a popular organism for neurobiology studies because it has a relatively simple nervous system. It is of particular interest to those studying spinal cord injury (SCI) because, unlike humans, the lamprey can regenerate nerve connections and recover normal mobility within about 8 weeks following an injury to its spinal cord. With the first reference genome for the lamprey species (Petromyzon marinus) recently completed, this fish is now poised to accelerate research about how the nervous system normally functions and recovers following injury.
	Study: Phenols in purple corn fight diabetes, obesity, inflammation in mouse cells Scientists at the University of Illinois have developed new hybrids of purple corn containing different combinations of phytochemicals that may fight obesity, inflammation and diabetes, a new study in mice indicates.
Gene-based factor VIIa prevents bleeding episodes in animals with hemophilia Hematology researchers have further refined how a treatment currently used on an urgent basis to control bleeding in hemophilia patients holds promise as a preventive treatment as well. A study in animals may set the stage for a new therapy for a subset of patients with hemophilia who now develop antibodies to the standard maintenance treatment and then require on-demand "bypass" therapy.
	The Hong Kong beekeeper harvesting hives barehanded High up in the hills above Hong Kong, Yip Ki-hok uses nothing but his bare hands to remove a honey-filled nest of swarming bees—a remarkable skill he learned after the hardship of China's famine years.
Shark bite research reveals politicians' fishy behaviour More than a decade's worth of research has revealed how politicians manipulate highly emotional incidents like shark bites to influence public sentiment and protect their own interests.
	Turning silenced cancer genes back into fighters Working with human colon cancer cells and mice, researchers led by experts at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center say they have successfully blocked the activity of portions of a protein known as UHRF1 and restored the function of hundreds of cancer-fighting genes that became "misregulated" by the disease.
Lead kills 1st Yellowstone golden eagle fitted with tracker Officials say the first golden eagle in Yellowstone National Park to be fitted with a tracking device has died of lead poisoning.

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