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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for March 8, 2019:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
Astronomy & Space news
 | NASA captures unprecedented images of supersonic shockwavesNASA has captured unprecedented photos of the interaction of shockwaves from two supersonic aircraft, part of its research into developing planes that can fly faster than sound without thunderous "sonic booms". |
 | SpaceX capsule on big mission to return to Earth (Update)Crew Dragon, the new space capsule built by SpaceX, left orbit Friday to dive into the atmosphere for a splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean—the final and most dangerous phase of a demonstration mission for NASA. |
 | Stars exploding as supernovae lose their mass to companion stars during their livesStars over eight times more massive than the sun end their lives in supernovae explosions. The composition of the star influences what happens during the explosion. |
 | SpaceX capsule back on Earth, paving way for new manned US flightsSpaceX's Crew Dragon capsule splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean on Friday, completing a NASA demonstration mission that paves the way for the resumption of manned space flights from the US. |
 | LRO sheds light on lunar water movementScientists, using an instrument aboard NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), have observed water molecules moving around the dayside of the Moon. |
 | Hubble's dazzling display of two colliding galaxiesLocated in the constellation of Hercules, about 230 million light-years away, NGC 6052 is a pair of colliding galaxies. They were first discovered in 1784 by William Herschel and were originally classified as a single irregular galaxy because of their odd shape. However, we now know that NGC 6052 actually consists of two galaxies that are in the process of colliding. This particular image of NGC 6052 was taken using the Wide Field Camera 3 on the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. |
 | SpaceX Dragon's final test: making it to Earth in one pieceCrew Dragon, the new vessel built by SpaceX for NASA is set to return Friday off the coast of Florida—the most perilous part of a mission to prove it can take US astronauts to the International Space Station. |
 | X-60A hypersonic flight research vehicle program completes critical design reviewThe Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, High Speed Systems Division, in partnership with Generation Orbit Launch Services, Inc., is developing the X-60A vehicle. It is an air-dropped liquid rocket specifically designed for hypersonic flight research. |
 | Measurements yield precise atomic masses for nuclear reactions in the starsMatter is composed of chemical elements mainly created in stars via nuclear reactions and complex nuclear reaction networks. To understand these processes, we need to know properties of participating nuclei, such as their masses. In her doctoral thesis in the field of nuclear physics at the University of Jyväskylä, M. Sc. Laetitia Canete has precisely measured the atomic masses of the radioactive isotope of six elements. The measurement data can be used to better model different astrophysical processes. |
 | SpaceX crew capsule ends test flight with ocean splashdownSpaceX's swanky new crew capsule returned from the International Space Station to an old-fashioned splashdown in the Atlantic on Friday, successfully ending a test flight that could lead to astronaut rides later this year. |
 | Video: The power of satellite dataSatellites provides us with large volumes of spatio-temporal data, creating great opportunities for innovative entrepreneurs. ESA's Business Applications programme is supporting European projects to turn these data into solutions for a wide range of socio-economic situations, as well as jobs and products. |
Technology news
 | AQM+: A new model for visual dialog question generationResearchers at Clova AI Research, NAVER and LINE, have recently proposed a new framework called AQM+ that allows dialog systems to generate context-relevant questions and answers. Their model, outlined in a paper pre-published on arXiv, will be presented at the 7th International Conference on Learning Representation (ICLR 2019), in New Orleans. |
 | World's first graffiti-busting laser helps Florence's 'Angels'A beam of silver light erases scrawled black letters on Florence's historic Ponte Vecchio, as "Angels" wielding a revolutionary new laser wage war on graffiti in the UNESCO site. |
 | Cybersecurity study of the dark web exposes vulnerability to machine identitiesA thriving marketplace for SSL and TLS certificates—small data files used to facilitate confidential communication between organizations' servers and their clients' computers—exists on a hidden part of the Internet, according to new research by Georgia State University's Evidence-Based Cybersecurity Research Group (EBCS) and the University of Surrey. |
 | Google had Zero-Day reasons for shouting about updatesUpdate. Now. This minute. Don't go until you do it. That was the pushy message from Google on Thursday. A Zero-Day exploit was at play against the Chrome browser and there was no wiggle room for users to ignore it until they were in a better mood. |
 | High-tech help connects fans to off-the-grid Iditarod raceFar from competitors tackling the frozen wilderness in Alaska's Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, a dozen people are holed up inside an Anchorage hotel behind banks of computers, tracking the punishing route and connecting with global fans seeking a real-time link to the off-the-grid sport. |
 | Facebook's privacy move: major pivot or headfake?After building the world's biggest and most powerful social network in history, Mark Zuckerberg says the future of Facebook is something else. |
 | Tesla gets $520 mn funding for first Chinese plantElectric carmaker Tesla has won more than $520 million in loans from Chinese banks to build its first overseas car plant near Shanghai, the first foreign automaker to wholly own a factory in China. |
 | Recommendation for cryptographic key generationCryptography is often used in information technology security environments to protect sensitive, high-value data that might be compromised during transmission or while in storage. It relies upon two basic components: an algorithm (i.e., cryptographic methodology) and a cryptographic key. NIST has developed a wide variety of Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) and guidance to specify, approve, and manage cryptographic algorithms and keys for Federal Government use. |
 | Unlocking the untapped potential of light in optical communicationsScientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology have fabricated a multiplexer/demultiplexer module based on a property of light that was not being exploited in communications systems: the optical vortex. Such devices will be crucial for improving optical networks, which are the backbone of today's Internet, so that they can meet the traffic demands of tomorrow. |
 | Researcher sees potential in generating energy from vibrations"Everyone is trying to get free energy—from the wind, from the waves, from the sun," said Dani Levin, a Duke MEMS Ph.D. student in the lab of Professor Earl Dowell. |
 | Efficiency boost for robot submarinesResearchers in China have designed an improved energy-aware and self-adaptive deployment method for autonomous underwater vehicles. The team of Chunlai Peng and Tao Wang of the Guangdong University of Technology, in Guangzhou, provide details in the International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control. |
 | The role of intuition in music performanceEmilia Gómez, a researcher with the Musical Technology Research Group (MTG) of the Department of Information and Communication Technologies (DTIC) at UPF, has attempted to create new digital approaches to enrich the experience of a classical music concert before, during and after the concert itself, in order to bring classical music to new audiences in an innovative way via technology. |
 | Uber settles Dutch probe for 2.3 mn eurosUS ride-hailing giant Uber is to pay more than 2.3 million euros to settle a Dutch criminal probe into the breach of local taxi laws, prosecutors said Friday. |
 | Biotech startup raises $64 million to erase cancer it's even in the nameSan Diego startup Erasca said recently it has raised $64 million to develop cancer therapies with the ambitious goal of eventually curing the disease. |
 | Algorithms have already taken over human decision makingI can still recall my surprise when a book by evolutionary biologist Peter Lawrence titled The Making of a Fly came to be priced on Amazon at $23,698,655.93 (plus $3.99 shipping). While my colleagues around the world must have become rather depressed that an academic book could achieve such a feat, the steep price was actually the result of algorithms feeding off each other and spiralling out of control. It turns out, it wasn't just sales staff being creative: algorithms were calling the shots. |
 | Warren says tech giants have 'too much power,' need breakupDemocratic presidential candidate Elizabeth Warren on Friday rolled out a proposal to break up the biggest U.S. technology companies, saying they have too much control over the economy and Americans' lives. |
 | Fukushima: current state of the clean-upEight years have passed since a tsunami smashed into the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant in Japan, sparking a meltdown and the worst atomic crisis since Chernobyl. |
 | China backs Huawei not to be 'silent lamb' in US legal fightChina threw its weight behind Huawei's legal battle against the United States on Friday, saying the telecom giant will not be a "silent lamb to the slaughter" and vowing to defend the rights of Chinese companies. |
 | Norway sovereign wealth fund, world's biggest, to dump oil and gasNorway's sovereign wealth fund, the world's biggest thanks to petrodollars, will sell off stakes in oil and gas exploration and production companies to reduce its exposure to black gold, the government said Friday. |
 | Emoji gods approve skin-tone options for couples of colorIn the world of emojis, interracial couples had virtually no options in terms of skin tone. But the emoji gods, otherwise known as the Unicode Consortium, recently rectifed that, approving 71 new variations. Using six skin tones already available for one-person emojis, vendors such as Apple, Google and Microsoft will now be able to offer couples of color. |
Medicine & Health news
 | Is prediabetes really a medical condition that needs attention?Charles Piller, a contributing correspondent for Science, has published a news article in the journal questioning the medical soundness of referring to prediabetes as a condition that needs treatment. In his article, he points out that there is little to no scientific evidence linking prediabetes to diabetes. He also notes that prediabetes has not been found to cause health problems in people who have been so diagnosed. |
 | Brain region plays key role in regulation of parenting behavior, study findsThe amygdala—a region of the brain known to be involved in emotions and social behaviors—has been found to play a critical role in the regulation of parenting behavior, according to a new study by UCLA researchers. Differences in this brain region between males and females help to explain why the two sexes behave differently as parents. |
 | Scientists report new modeling of brain signalingThe release of neurotransmitters and hormones in the body is tightly controlled by complex protein machinery embedded in cell membranes. |
 | Small molecule mimics broadly neutralizing antibodies to stop flu in miceA team of researchers from the Netherlands, the U.S. and Belgium has found a small molecule that mimics the behavior of broadly neutralizing antibodies. In their paper published in the journal Science, the group describes their search for the molecule and how well it worked in combating flu in mice. |
 | Promising compound selectively kills brain cancer stem cellsScripps Research scientists have discovered a compound that potently and selectively kills the stem-like cells that make glioblastoma brain cancers so deadly. |
 | Zinc could help as non-antibiotic treatment for UTIsNew details about the role of zinc in our immune system could help the development of new non-antibiotic treatment strategies for bacterial diseases, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). |
 | Thyroid hormone helped our ancestors survive but left us susceptibleAlthough most victims survive the 735,000 heart attacks that occur annually in the U.S., their heart tissue is often irreparably damaged—unlike many other cells in the body, once injured, heart cells cannot regenerate. According to a new UC San Francisco study, the issue may date back to our earliest mammalian ancestors, which may have lost the ability to regenerate heart tissue in exchange for endothermy—or as it's known colloquially, "warm-bloodedness"—a Faustian evolutionary bargain that ushered in the age of mammals but left modern humans vulnerable to irreparable tissue damage after heart attack. |
 | Blood holds key to liver regenerationThe liver is the only organ in the body that can regenerate. But some patients who undergo a liver resection, a surgery that removes a diseased portion of the organ, end up needing a transplant because the renewal process doesn't work. |
 | Music captivates listeners and synchronizes their brainwavesMusic has the ability to captivate us; when listeners engage with music, they follow its sounds closely, connecting to what they hear in an affective and invested way. But what is it about music that keeps the audience engaged? A study by researchers from The City College of New York and the University of Arkansas charts new ground in understanding the neural responses to music. |
 | Researchers report high rate of viral suppression among people new to HIV careEighty-six percent of individuals who entered HIV care soon after diagnosis maintained viral suppression after 48 weeks during a clinical trial conducted at four National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Centers for AIDS Research (CFARs) across the United States. Participants in the clinical trial, called iENGAGE, achieved viral suppression in an average of just 63 days. The findings were presented in a poster at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2019) in Seattle. |
 | Canadians' consumption of fruit and vegetables drops 13 per cent in 11 yearsTwo surveys taken 11 years apart show a 13-per-cent decrease in the amount of fruit and vegetables being consumed by Canadians, new University of British Columbia research has found. |
 | Hookah smokers are inhaling toxic chemicals that may harm the heartSmoking tobacco in waterpipes, more commonly known as hookahs, results in inhaling toxic chemicals, often at levels exceeding cigarette smoke, that may harm the heart and blood vessels, according to a new scientific statement published in the American Heart Association's journal Circulation. |
 | Thailand to start testing medical marijuana on patientsThailand is poised to start its first tests of cannabis oil on patients, a health official said Friday, as excitement swirls around a new industry that could create money-making avenues for entrepreneurs while offering relief for suffering patients. |
 | No need to worry about glyphosate in our beer and wine, according to peer reviewGlyphosate is back in the news again. The common weed killer, which has previously attracted controversy for its possible link to cancer, has been found in beer and wine. |
 | Sifting through signs of inflammation to analyze causes of Crohn's diseaseWhen studying Crohn's disease, an inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, a challenge is separating out potential causes from the flood of systemic inflammation inherent in the condition. Researchers led by Subra Kugathasan, MD recently published an analysis that digs under signs of inflammation, in an effort to assess possible causes. |
 | Pillar of HIV prevention (PrEP)—how to implementA pillar of the federal government's plans to fight the HIV epidemic is PrEP: pre-exposure prophylaxis. For someone who is HIV-negative but at risk of becoming infected, this means taking anti-retroviral drugs before possible HIV exposure. |
 | Study: Serious dating can create serious challenges for teensConsidering a host of social pressures and stresses that adolescents experience, the addition of a relationship to the equation can have a negative impact, according to a study from BYU professor of family life Adam Rogers. |
 | New gene hunt reveals potential breast cancer treatment targetAustralian and US researchers have developed a way to discover elusive cancer-promoting genes, and have already identified one that appears to promote aggressive breast cancers. |
 | Younger adults with inflammatory disease at greater risk of anxiety and depression – new studyThe often painful and stigmatising nature of chronic inflammatory disorders, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, can take a toll on people's quality of life, ultimately leading to anxiety and depression. But could depression be a consequence of inflammatory disease rather than just a reaction to it? |
 | Could it be sepsis? New paper to raise awareness among dental professionalsEvery year in the UK 52,000 people die from sepsis – with 14,000 of these estimated to be preventable. |
 | Leukaemia drug gets initial 'no' for NHS in EnglandPatients living with a specific type of leukaemia will not have access to a new treatment after it failed to win provisional recommendation for use on the NHS in England. |
 | Engineer studies sleep apneaMost people snore occasionally, and about one in four Americans snore frequently. Snoring tends to increase with age and weight gain. And studies show that about 60 percent of adult males are habitual offenders. (Their spouses and partners know, even if they don't.) About 10 percent of children also snore most nights. Dogs snore too. |
 | Identification of potential target protein aggregates for treating Alzheimer'sThe aggregation of alpha-synuclein proteins in Parkinson's disease and tau proteins in Alzheimer's disease is intimately linked to the progression of these neurodegenerative diseases. These aggregates propagate from one neuronal cell to another, attaching themselves to the cells. |
 | Small changes can go far in preventing childhood obesityIn the United States, the percentage of children and adolescents with obesity has more than tripled since 1970. Today, approximately one in five school-aged children (ages 6 to 19) is obese, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—and that figure doesn't include children who are considered merely overweight and not obese. |
 | Personal finance a taboo subject in health careLisa Engel never had an interest in finance and did not see it becoming part of her career in health care. But that changed about 10 years ago when she worked as an occupational therapist (OT) in British Columbia. |
 | Intravenous antibiotics treatment for children at home as effective as hospital treatment, study findsA Melbourne study has found intravenously administering antibiotics to children at home is as effective and safe as hospital treatment and better for their quality of life when treating a bacterial skin infection. |
 | Persistent, prolonged opioid use occurs after plastic surgery(HealthDay)—Persistent and prolonged opioid use occur after plastic and reconstructive surgical procedures, according to a study published online March 7 in JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery. |
 | Improvements in stratifying colorectal cancer patients for prognosisA method that integrates tumor buds, lymphocytic infiltration, and their spatial relationship could better stratify patients with stage 2 colorectal cancer (CRC) at high risk for disease-specific death compared with traditional methods of clinical staging, according to results published in Cancer Immunology Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. |
 | CDC: GI, respiratory illnesses more likely in low-income children(HealthDay)—Children from lower-income households are more likely to report recent childhood gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses but are less likely to miss any school days, according to research published in the March 8 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. |
 | Effective medical treatment of gestational diabetes could reduce long-term complications for the childResearchers at Cardiff University have found that women taking metformin and/or insulin during gestational diabetes could reduce the risk of long-term complications for their child. |
 | ACC: Long-term outcomes for MI similar at < 40, 40 to 50(HealthDay)—Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) at age 40 years or younger have similar long-term all-cause and cardiovascular death rates as patients aged older than 40 years, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American College of Cardiology, held from March 16 to 18 in New Orleans. |
 | Opium, rat hair, beaver anal secretions – and other surprising things you might find in foodDiners in France recently got more than they bargained for when poppy seed baguettes were found to contain a dose of opium that could take postprandial napping to a new extreme. Other than narcotics, there are a host of surprises lurking in everyday foodstuffs that you might not be aware of. Here are some of the less palatable ones. Bon appétit. |
 | Widespread and possibly risky use of herbal medicines among pregnant women in EthiopiaA study of Ethiopian women's use of traditional medicinal plants during pregnancy has come up with several surprises. The most worrisome is that most women don't tell their doctors about the practice. |
 | Why you lose hearing for a while after listening to loud soundsLoud sounds can impair hearing for a short time. Researchers at Linköping University, Sweden, have discovered a mechanism that explains how this happens. Their results are presented in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, PNAS. |
 | How to help when your child is struggling in school(HealthDay)—Studies show that the earlier a child's school struggles are addressed, the better the outcome will be. So it's important for parents to tackle problems early on rather than ignore them or hope children will grow out of them. |
 | Try this healthy makeover for a favorite fast food(HealthDay)—Take-out pizza is the ultimate fast food—gooey cheese, salty sauce, fatty pepperoni, all baked on top of what's basically white bread. But there's no need to feel guilty about enjoying a hot slice once you've mastered a nutritious and delicious pizza makeover. |
 | Beware of drowsy driving as daylight saving time begins(HealthDay)— The switch to Daylight Saving Time can increase the risk of driver fatigue and crashes, but there are a number of ways to reduce the danger, an expert says. |
 | Making sense of the recent blood pressure drug recalls(HealthDay)—People taking blood pressure medications have faced a frightening and bewildering series of pharmaceutical recalls in recent months, as trace amounts of cancer-causing chemicals have been discovered in individual batches of drugs. |
 | Patients experiment with prescription drugs to fight agingDr. Alan Green's patients travel from around the country to his tiny practice in Queens, N.Y., lured by the prospect of longer lives. |
 | What you need to know about polyps in your colonPerhaps one of the most dreaded parts of turning 50, is having to get a colonoscopy. While regular colon screening can be uncomfortable, Dr. John Kisiel, a Mayo Clinic gastroenterologist, says this screening is a crucial step in catching colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps early. Kisiel says polyps play a bigger role in colorectal cancer screening than most people realize. |
 | New link between childhood obesity and early infant feedingNew research from Western Sydney University suggests that infants in South Western Sydney introduced to formula and solid foods within the first four months, could be twice as likely to suffer from childhood obesity. |
 | Could a booster shot of truth help scientists fight the anti-vaccine crisis?The recent outbreak of measles cases in Clark County, Washington – which has been linked to a plummeting vaccination rate in this hotbed of anti-vaccination activism – makes clear that conspiracy theories, fear, and misinformation know no partisan bounds. The Governor has declared a state of emergency and sent public health officials out to talk to parents – sometimes one on one – as more than 60 cases have now been reported. |
 | New study highlights 'alarmingly high' rate of visual problems in stroke survivorsA new University study, published in PLOS One, highlights the high incidence and prevalence of visual problems in acute stroke survivors. |
 | How imaginary friends from our childhood can continue to affect us as adultsCrabby crab is my four-year-old son Fisher's imaginary friend. Crabby appeared on a holiday in Norway by scuttling out of his ear after a night of tears from an earache. Like other childhood imaginary friends, Crabby should be an indication that Fisher's mind is growing and developing positively. Indeed, research shows that invisible companions can help boost children's social skills. |
 | How does the brain change over the course of Alzheimer's?What changes in the brain are caused by Alzheimer's disease? How do these changes differ from those observed in the normal ageing process? Researchers from the CNRS, the École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) and the University of Valencia (Spain) explored these questions by analysing over 4,000 MRI scans of healthy and diseased brains using the "volBrain" platform. Their models, published in the March 8, 2019 edition of Scientific Reports, reveal an early atrophy of the amygdala and hippocampus at age 40 in patients with Alzheimer's disease. |
 | Trading cryptocurrency is problematic for regular gamblers, study saysResearchers at the Center for Gambling Studies at Rutgers University-New Brunswick's School of Social Work have found a link between frequently trading cryptocurrency—a digital and virtual currency—and problem gambling. |
 | Vitamin D may protect against pollution-associated asthma symptoms in obese childrenA new study finds vitamin D may be protective among asthmatic obese children living in urban environments with high indoor air pollution. The study out of John Hopkins University School of Medicine, funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), part of the National Institutes of Health, was published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice. |
 | Study: Life-saving antibiotic receives new use guidelines from researchers around worldAn international panel of the foremost researchers on infectious disease and antimicrobials has formed new guidelines on the use of polymyxins, a class of antibiotics employed as a last resort to treat deadly, drug-resistant bacteria. |
 | Researchers unveil progress and challenges in introducing typhoid conjugate vaccine in Africa/AsiaEach year there are nearly 11 million cases of typhoid, a disease that is spread through contaminated food, drink and water. Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine are leading an international consortium that is studying the impact of a typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) in an effort to accelerate introduction of the vaccine in countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia where there is a high burden of typhoid. |
Aspiration equally effective as, and significantly cheaper than, traditional stent retriever approach for clot removalSucking a clot directly out of the artery in patients experiencing a stroke is just as effective as, and significantly cheaper than, removing it by use of a stent, according to a study co-led by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and published in print March 9 in The Lancet. | |
Study: Urban African-Americans more likely to live in trauma desertsAfrican-Americans in major U.S. cities are significantly more likely to live in "trauma deserts" with limited access to advanced emergency medical care, according to new research from the University of Chicago Medicine. The study also shows the academic medical center's new Level 1 Trauma Center led to a seven-fold reduction in Chicago's access disparity. | |
 | Number and timing of pregnancies influence breast cancer risk for women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutationResearchers at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale in Paris confirm the lower risk of breast cancer from multiple pregnancies and from breast feeding seen in average risk women extends to those at the highest risk of breast cancer, according to the largest prospective study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations carriers to date. Women with BRCA1 mutations who had two, three or four or more full-term pregnancies were at 21 percent, 30 percent, and 50 percent decrease risk of breast cancer compared to women with a single full-term pregnancy. Breastfeeding also reduced risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers. The results are published online in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute Cancer Spectrum. |
 | Good grief: Victimized employees don't get a breakAs if being picked on wasn't bad enough, victims of workplace mistreatment may also be seen as bullies themselves, even if they've never engaged in such behavior. |
 | At what age do you feel 65?At what age do you feel 65? |
 | After painful ordeal and $800K medical bill, unvaccinated boy survives tetanus(HealthDay)—Amid outbreaks of preventable childhood illnesses, one unvaccinated Oregon boy's nightmarish encounter with tetanus should serve as a cautionary tale for "anti-vaxxer" parents, doctors say. |
 | Did you wait until middle age to get fit? It could still boost your life span(HealthDay)—It's truly never too late to begin exercising, new research shows. |
 | Dry eye and migraines might be linked: study(HealthDay)—People with migraines may be at higher odds of also having chronic dry eye disease, and that's especially true for seniors, new research shows. |
 | Irregular sleep could impact your heart healthIt's not just lack of sleep and poor sleep that can put the heart at risk—getting to bed on time may also matter, new research suggests. |
 | Smoking doubles stroke risk among African-AmericansAfrican-Americans who smoke cigarettes are twice as likely to have a stroke than those who avoid tobacco, according to new research. |
 | Dasotraline promising for the treatment of ADHD in children(HealthDay)—Treatment with dasotraline (4 mg/day) significantly improves attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children aged 6 to 12 years, according to a study published online March 7 in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. |
 | Photoplethysmography signal can detect diabetes(HealthDay)—An application using the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal, which is readily obtained from smartphones and wearable devices, can detect diabetes, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American College of Cardiology, held from March 16 to 18 in New Orleans. |
 | Only about half of elderly newly diagnosed with ALL receive Tx(HealthDay)—Almost half of elderly patients newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) do not receive treatment, according to a study recently published in Leukemia & Lymphoma. |
 | Flu may have peaked, but experts eye jump in nastier strainThere's a strong chance this flu season has peaked, but health officials are watching a recent wave of illnesses from a nastier flu strain. |
 | European police seize illicit medicines worth $185 millionThe European Union's police agency says law enforcement authorities seized illegally trafficked medicines last year worth more than 165 million euros ($185 million). |
 | Implantable 'tea bag' in development releases insulin for children with diabetesChildren with Type 1 diabetes have only one option to control their blood sugar: insulin treatment. Ravaged by an autoimmune disease that attacks their own pancreas and islets—microscopic clusters of cells that sense blood sugar and produce insulin—patients are forced to rely on insulin from an external source. |
 | Iowa court: Medicaid can cover sex reassignment surgeryThe Iowa Supreme Court on Friday upheld a lower court's ruling that the state cannot deny two transgender women Medicaid coverage for sex reassignment surgery. |
Biology news
 | THOR wrangles complex microbiomes into a model for improving them"Microbial communities run the world," says Jo Handelsman, director of the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. |
 | Sewage reveals levels of antimicrobial resistance worldwideA comprehensive analysis of sewage collected in 74 cities in 60 countries has yielded the first comparable global data showing the levels and types of antimicrobial resistant bacteria present in healthy people. The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, headed the study, which was conducted by an international team of researchers. |
 | Proofs of parallel evolution between cognition, tool development, and social complexityResearchers have examined the visual response of 113 individuals when observing prehistoric ceramics belonging to different styles and societies. The ceramics analysed cover 4,000 years (from 4,000 B.C. to the change of era) of Galician prehistory (north-west Iberia), and are representative of ceramic styles including bell-beaker pottery, found throughout Europe. The results indicate that the visual behaviour follows the same evolutionary trends as those that drive the evolution of the complex societies that built these archaeological materialities. |
 | New method of scoring protein interactions mines large data sets from a fresh angleResearchers from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have created a novel way to define individual protein associations in a quick, efficient, and informative way. These findings, published in the March 8, 2019, issue of Nature Communications, show how the topological scoring (TopS) algorithm, created by Stowers researchers, can—by combining data sets—identify proteins that come together. |
 | Clearwing butterfly wins BMC Ecology Image Competition 2018From bridges built by spiders, to marine mammals without table manners, and the unpredictability of volcanoes, the 2018 BMC Ecology Image Competition produced a terrific array of images that reflect the variety of research in progress in the field. All images are open access and available for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. |
Chatterpies, haggisters and ninuts could help children love conservationWeaving stories and intriguing names into children's education about the natural world could help to engage them with species' conservation messages, new research shows. | |
 | Young humpback whale freed from fishing gear off HawaiiA number of private boats helped a team of federal responders free a young humpback whale from heavy gauge fishing gear off Hawaii, officials said Thursday. |
 | Hammerhead shark refuge found in GalapagosA new breeding ground for endangered hammerhead sharks has been found in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador's government said. |
 | 'Extinct' bee found on the outskirts of PerthA native bee species believed to be extinct has been found during a survey of insect pollinators in a remnant of banksia woodland at Pinjar in Perth's northern suburbs. |
 | Welcome Asterix, Obelix and Yoda! Finding fun in the serious matter of discovering insectsForget the apes, we live on "The Planet of the Beetles". Welcome. |
 | Is gene editing ethical? It dependsOne of Matthew Liao's most popular papers proposes that humans could genetically engineer themselves to collectively reduce our species' carbon footprint. |
 | Elucidating cellular responses to forceAccumulated evidence suggests that physical force plays an important role in developmental processes of fertilized animal eggs. During embryogenesis, a variety of cell populations actively migrate and change their positions, generating various types of force (e.g., traction force, compression force) that influence the properties of surrounding tissues. This in turn enables normal development in which tissue arrangement is highly orchestrated. However, how embryonic cells and tissues respond to these forces remains poorly understood. |
 | Researchers develop increasingly complex mini-brainsScientists of the D'Or Institute for Research and Education have improved the initial steps of a standard protocol and produced organoids displaying regionalized brain structures, including retinal pigmented cells. Their results are published in BMC Developmental Biology. |
 | Feds could restrict Pacific Ocean fishing over endangered orcas, NOAA letter saysSEATTLE—The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is taking a fresh look at whether new fishing restrictions are needed to help prevent the extinction of endangered southern resident killer whales that frequent Puget Sound. |
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