Science X Newsletter Sunday, Nov 13

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for November 13, 2016:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

Black hole jets can influence star formation in galaxies by dispersing and heating interstellar gas

Semantic Scholar search engine is expanded into neuroscience

Study reveals role of spleen in prolonged anxiety after stress

Astronomy & Space news

Black hole jets can influence star formation in galaxies by dispersing and heating interstellar gas A new study conducted by a group of astrophysicists led by Dr K. Dasyra suggests that black hole jets can affect the star formation in galaxies by both dispersing and heating large amounts of gas over large areas. The result is based on observations of the nearby galaxy IC5063, collected with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) of the European Southern Observatory (ESO).

Technology news

	Semantic Scholar search engine is expanded into neuroscience (Tech Xplore)—Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence is in the news with its smart search engine, Semantic Scholar.
	Zuckerberg among Facebook users mistakenly declared 'dead' Facebook accidentally declared its founder Mark Zuckerberg and many other users dead on Friday, acknowledging after fixing the problem that it had committed a "terrible error."
Executive of firm acquired by Hewlett-Packard indicted A federal grand jury in San Francisco has indicted the former chief financial officer of a British software maker on charges he engaged in fraud to artificially increase the company's share price and make it attractive to Hewlett-Packard.
	Oil taking on green sheen The companies that drill black gold are going a little bit green: taking stakes in renewable energies that are growing rapidly, enabling oil firms to diversify revenue and show commitment to fighting climate change.
At $800K a pop, new Navy destroyer's ammo is in question The new guns on the Navy's biggest and most advanced destroyer are going to be firing blanks if the Navy can't find cost-effective projectiles.

Medicine & Health news

	Study reveals role of spleen in prolonged anxiety after stress Scientists are uncovering clues to what might be unfolding in the relationship between the brain and immune system in those who suffer from long-term repercussions of stress.
Maine hospital confirms patient had rare brain disorder Maine's largest hospital has confirmed it treated a patient diagnosed with a potentially deadly prion disease, a rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
CPR from bystanders associated with better outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in pediatrics Receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from a bystander - compared with not - was associated with better overall and neurologically favorable survival for children and adolescents who had out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, according to an article published online by JAMA Pediatrics. The study is being presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
Behavioral intervention reduces anxiety, depression among adults impaired by psychological distress In a study published online by JAMA, Atif Rahman, Ph.D., of the University of Liverpool, England, and colleagues evaluated the effectiveness of a multicomponent behavioral intervention delivered in primary care centers in Peshawar, Pakistan by lay health workers to adults with psychological distress. The study is being released to coincide with its presentation at the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies annual meeting.
Frequent simulation-based training may improve CPR proficiency among hospital staff A new training model improved CPR skills in a clinical setting according to research presented during the Resuscitation Science Symposium at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
Use of statins before cardiac arrest may aid survival afterwards Patients who have been taking statins are likely to survive longer after a cardiac arrest than those who are not taking them, according to research from Taiwan researchers presented during the Resuscitation Science Symposium at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
CPR skills low among older adults CPR increases the chance of survival after sudden cardiac arrest, yet knowledge of this life-saving procedure is low in many communities, especially among older adults, according to separate studies presented during the Resuscitation Science Symposium at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
CPR training less common among older adults, who may be at highest risk of sudden cardiac arrest More than 350,000 Americans suffer from out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) each year. It strikes at work, in the grocery store, on the soccer field, and even at home, where it's critical for bystanders to take quick action by performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). But only 32 percent of cardiac arrest victims nationwide receive the lifesaving intervention. New research from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania sheds light on training gaps that could pave the way to boosting the number of people who are prepared to jump into action.
	Global gov'ts: Make tobacco firms liable for smoking harm A global conference on tobacco control has pledged to hold the tobacco industry legally liable for health consequences of smoking and protect public health policies from the influence of tobacco companies.
Most people with knee OA meet physical function level to walk recommended 6,000 steps a day People with knee osteoarthritis (OA) often have difficulty with physical function, such as getting out of a chair and walking, which limits the ability to be physically active. According to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington, most people with knee OA actually already have the physical function necessary to walk at least 6,000 steps a day, the minimum amount needed to improve their arthritis and prevent disability.
Allopurinol does not increase chronic kidney disease risk in gout patients Allopurinol, a widely used treatment for lowering serum urate levels, does not appear to increase risk of kidney deterioration in gout patients with normal or near-normal kidney function, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Combination of NSAIDs and TNF-inhibitors shows benefit for ankylosing spondylitis A combination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and TNF-inhibitors may help slow down spine damage in ankylosing spondylitis, according to new research findings presented this week at the American College of Rheumatology Annual Scientific Meeting in Washington.
Men and women show sex-specific improvements after hip replacement Outcomes such as pain, function, range of motion, and strength after total hip arthroplasty, or joint replacement surgery, are different for men and women, which could lead to the development of sex-specific rehabilitation programs, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Staying on dmards through surgery does not increase post-op infection risk Rheumatoid arthritis patients who keep using their disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs prior to surgery do not face an increased risk of infection after their procedures, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Myocardial inflammation elevated in RA patients People with rheumatoid arthritis have an increased risk of heart failure even when controlling for coronary artery disease. Chronic myocarditis, or heart inflammation, is one suspected risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this patient population. Two new studies measure the prevalence of myocardial inflammation in RA patients without known cardiovascular disease, assess how it is associated with high disease activity and show how disease-modifying therapy may decrease this type of inflammation, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Monocyte gene expression signatures predict how RA patients respond to anti-TNF therapy Distinct gene expression signatures in rheumatoid arthritis patients could help rheumatologists predict how these individuals will respond to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, and may one day enable a more personalized approach to RA therapy, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Gut bacteria may be a trigger for antiphospholipid syndrome The gut microbiomes of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome show higher levels of phospholipid-producing bacteria, and this findings point to microbes being a trigger for this life-threatening disease, according to new research findings presented this week at the American College of Rheumatology Annual Scientific Meeting in Washington.
Research sheds light on why some rheumatoid arthritis patients respond poorly to biologics A Mayo Clinic study is shedding light on why some rheumatoid arthritis patients respond poorly when treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, part of a class of drugs called biologics. It comes down to proteins: specifically, a protein in the body that drives inflammation in the disease, the research found. The discovery is an important step toward better personalizing rheumatoid arthritis treatment, helping to avoid trial and error when prescribing medications. The findings were presented at the American College of Rheumatology annual meeting in San Francisco.
More coordinated care between physicians may improve lipid screenings in RA patients Patients with rheumatoid arthritis whose rheumatologists and primary-care physicians coordinate their care have a higher likelihood of being screened for hyperlipidemia, a key risk factor for coronary heart disease, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Too many patients with inflammatory joint diseases undermanaged for cardiovascular risk While patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or spondyloarthritis are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), too few are prescribed preventive medications or meeting target goals to prevent heart-related events, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Cardiovascular event risk of RA patients comparable to type-2 diabetes over 15-year period Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with serious risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease events such as heart attack or stroke. Over a 15-year period, people with RA may have double the risk of CV events as those in the general population, rates that are similar to people with type-2 diabetes, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Women and long-term axial spondyloarthropathy patients at higher risk for manifestations Gender and disease duration can help predict which axial spondyloarthritis patients will develop extra-articular manifestations such as uveitis, or inflammation of the eye, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
TNF inhibitors don't appear to increase malignancy risk in juvenile arthritis patients Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, a group of biologic drugs used to treat children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, are not associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer, according to new research findings presented this week at the American College of Rheumatology Annual Scientific Meeting in Washington.
Race, ethnicity and education levels linked to delays accessing lupus specialty care Lupus patients who are African-American or Asian, or those who have attained only a high school education or less, had longer delays in seeing a rheumatologist or nephrologist for a confirmed diagnosis than other groups, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
USPSTF issues recommendations regarding use of statins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has issued a recommendation statement regarding the use of statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults. The report appears in the November 15 issue of JAMA.
Study finds large decrease in coronary heart disease in US The incidence of coronary heart disease in the U.S. declined nearly 20 percent from 1983 to 2011, according to a study appearing in the November 15 issue of JAMA.
New peripheral artery disease guidelines emphasize medical therapy and structured exercise New guidelines for the treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD), include recommendations on the use of antiplatelet therapy to reduce the risk of blood clots and statin drugs to lower cholesterol and advise PAD patients to participate in a structured exercise program. The joint American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines are published in the American Heart Association journal Circulation and the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
	Marijuana use may be linked to temporarily weakened heart muscle Active marijuana use may double the risk of stress cardiomyopathy, an uncommon heart muscle malfunction that can mimic heart attack symptoms, according to research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
Drug therapy, LVAD helps severe heart failure patients recover function More than a third of advanced heart failure patients treated with a combination of an artificial heart assist device, called a left ventricular assist device, or LVAD, and intensive drug therapy have recovered their heart function enough to allow removal of the LVAD device, according to preliminary results of an ongoing study presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
	Inherited taste perceptions may explain why some people eat too much salt Inherited differences in taste perceptions may help explain why some people eat more salt than recommended, according to preliminary research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
Sugary drink sales drop nearly 20 percent after multi-faceted campaign After a multi-faceted campaign that included policy changes and community education efforts, residents of one Maryland county put fewer sugary drinks in their grocery carts, according to research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
	Catheter ablations reduce risks of stroke in heart patients with stroke history, study finds Atrial fibrillation patients with a prior history of stroke who undergo catheter ablation to treat the abnormal heart rhythm lower their long-term risk of a recurrent stroke by 50 percent, according to new research from the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute.
Children need conventional CPR; black and Hispanic children more likely to get Hands-Only While compressions-only or Hands-Only CPR is as good as conventional CPR for adults, children benefit more from the conventional approach that includes rescue breaths. But black and Hispanic children are more likely to receive the compressions-only method, according to research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016.
New funding strategies, graduate education needed to fill rheumatology workforce gaps The U.S. adult rheumatology workforce is in jeopardy of a serious decline, and incentives to pursue rheumatology training, including help with graduate medical education funding, could provide critical relief, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting Washington.
Wnt inhibitor may ease pain, and improve function and cartilage loss in knee OA Injection of a Wnt inhibitor drug showed promise to ease pain, improve joint function, and even slow or reverse cartilage loss in patients with knee osteoarthritis, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Statins may lower mortality risk in ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis patients Patients with ankylosing spondylitis or psoriatic arthritis who take statins may have as much as a 33 percent lower mortality risk, according to new research findings presented this week at the American College of Rheumatology Annual Scientific Meeting in Washington.
Three gene sets could predict response to rheumatoid arthritis therapies Three gene expression signatures can help rheumatologists predict which patients are more likely to respond to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) or B-cell depletion therapies in patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis, according to new research findings presented this week at the American College of Rheumatology Annual Scientific Meeting in Washington.
First-line therapy with rituximab may lower mortality risk in RA patients with lung conditions Patients with rheumatoid arthritis who also have lung involvement often have increased mortality, but first-line therapy with rituximab may help them live longer when compared with the use of TNF inhibitors , according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Urate-lowering therapy helps chronic kidney disease patients improve organ function Chronic kidney disease patients who take urate-lowering therapy and achieve target urate levels show improvement in kidney function, according to new research findings presented this week at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington.
Rheumatology practices differ widely on meeting quality measures for patient care Rheumatology practices in the United States aren't always meeting key quality measures for patient care that may affect them as new physician reimbursement laws go into effect in the next year, according to new research findings presented this week at the American College of Rheumatology Annual Scientific Meeting in Washington.

Biology news

	Vanilla and spice next to bloom in Dutch greenhouses Flowers more exotic than the humble tulip will soon flourish for the first time in Dutch greenhouses after intensive research into growing the capricious vanilla orchid to harvest one of the world's most expensive spices.
	Conservation meeting mulls fate of bluefin, swordfish Fishing and shipping nations gather in Portugal next week to consider the fate of the endangered Atlantic bluefin tuna and overharvested Mediterranean swordfish, two pricey gourmet favourites.
Vietnam destroys huge pile of seized ivory, rhino horns Vietnamese authorities have destroyed more than 2 tons of confiscated elephant ivory and rhino horns, sending a message ahead of an international conference that they want the wildlife trade stopped.

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