Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 16 August 2016

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16 August 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Open for Submissions  A new open access, multi- and interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing the highest quality papers on systems biology, the journal is now open for submissions. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research.                 Biological Sciences               Transmission of biology and culture among post-contact Native Americans on the western Great Plains ▶     Stephen J. Lycett, Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel     The transmission of genes and culture between human populations has major implications for understanding potential correlations between history, biological, and cultural …             PoplarGene: poplar gene network and resource for mining functional information for genes from woody plants ▶     Qi Liu, Changjun Ding, Yanguang Chu et al.     Poplar is not only an important resource for the production of paper, timber and other wood-based products, but it has also emerged as an ideal model system for studying woody …             Inhibition of DNA Methyltransferases Blocks Mutant Huntingtin-Induced Neurotoxicity ▶     Yanchun Pan, Takuji Daito, Yo Sasaki et al.     Although epigenetic abnormalities have been described in Huntington’s disease (HD), the causal epigenetic mechanisms driving neurodegeneration in HD cortex and striatum remain …             The nephronophthisis-related gene ift-139 is required for ciliogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Shinsuke Niwa     Defects in cilia cause a spectrum of diseases known as ciliopathies. Nephronophthisis, a ciliopathy, is the most common genetic cause of renal disease. Here, I cloned and …             A new survivin tracer tracks, delocalizes and captures endogenous survivin at different subcellular locations and in distinct organelles ▶     Els Beghein, Isabel Van Audenhove, Olivier Zwaenepoel et al.     Survivin, the smallest member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, plays a central role during mitosis and exerts a cytoprotective function. Survivin is highly expressed …             First Comprehensive Proteome Analyses of Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation in Seedling Leaves of Brachypodium distachyon L. ▶     Shoumin Zhen, Xiong Deng, Jian Wang et al.     Protein acetylation and succinylation are the most crucial protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) involved in the regulation of plant growth and development. In this …             Insight into the cellular fate and toxicity of aluminium adjuvants used in clinically approved human vaccinations ▶     Matthew Mold, Emma Shardlow, Christopher Exley     Aluminium adjuvants remain the most widely used and effective adjuvants in vaccination and immunotherapy. Herein, the particle size distribution (PSD) of aluminium oxyhydroxide …             Amperometric inhibitive biosensor based on horseradish peroxidase-nanoporous gold for sulfide determination ▶     Huihui Sun, Zhuang Liu, Chao Wu et al.     As a well-known toxic pollutant, sulfide is harmful to human health. In this study, a simple and sensitive amperometric inhibitive biosensor was developed for the determination …             Dissociable effects of the prodrug phendimetrazine and its metabolite phenmetrazine at dopamine transporters ▶     Ernesto Solis Jr, Julie A. Suyama, Matthew F. Lazenka et al.     Phendimetrazine (PDM) is a clinically available anorectic and a candidate pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction. PDM has been hypothesized to function as a prodrug that requires …             Rapid flow cytometric measurement of protein inclusions and nuclear trafficking ▶     D. R. Whiten, R. San Gil, L. McAlary et al.     Proteinaceous cytoplasmic inclusions are an indicator of dysfunction in normal cellular proteostasis and a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases. We describe a simple and …             Elimination of microglia improves cognitive function following cranial irradiation ▶     Munjal M. Acharya, Kim N. Green, Barrett D. Allen et al.     Cranial irradiation for the treatment of brain cancer elicits progressive and severe cognitive dysfunction that is associated with significant neuropathology. Radiation injury in …             Globin mRNA reduction for whole-blood transcriptome sequencing ▶     Kaarel Krjutškov, Mariann Koel, Anne Mari Roost et al.     The transcriptome analysis of whole-blood RNA by sequencing holds promise for the identification and tracking of biomarkers; however, the high globin mRNA (gmRNA) content of …             Morphine decreases the pro-angiogenic interaction between breast cancer cells and macrophages in vitro ▶     Samira Khabbazi, Zeyad D. Nassar, Yannick Goumon et al.     Interactions between the various cell types that constitute a solid tumour are essential to the biology of the tumour. We evaluated the effect of morphine on the proangiogenic …             Neuroprotective effects of apigenin against inflammation, neuronal excitability and apoptosis in an induced pluripotent stem cell model of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Rachelle Balez, Nicole Steiner, Martin Engel et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, yet current therapeutic treatments are inadequate due to a complex disease pathogenesis. The …             Enhanced tumor targeting of cRGD peptide-conjugated albumin nanoparticles in the BxPC-3 cell line ▶     Xinzhe Yu, Yunlong Song, Yang Di et al.     The emerging albumin nanoparticle brings new hope for the delivery of antitumor drugs. However, a lack of robust tumor targeting greatly limits its application. In this paper, …             Systems Level Analysis of the Yeast Osmo-Stat ▶     Soheil Rastgou Talemi, Carl-Fredrik Tiger, Mikael Andersson et al.     Adaptation is an important property of living organisms enabling them to cope with environmental stress and maintaining homeostasis. Adaptation is mediated by signaling pathways …             Regulation of B cell differentiation by the ubiquitin-binding protein TAX1BP1 ▶     Nobuko Matsushita, Midori Suzuki, Emi Ikebe et al.     Tax1-binding protein 1 (TAX1BP1) is a ubiquitin-binding protein that restricts nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and facilitates the termination of aberrant inflammation. …             ERAP1-ERAP2 dimers trim MHC I-bound precursor peptides; implications for understanding peptide editing ▶     Hanna Chen, Lenong Li, Mirjana Weimershaus et al.     The processing of MHC class I antigenic precursor peptides by the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and ERAP2 is an important event in the cell biology of antigen …             An impaired metabolic response to hydrostatic pressure explains Alcanivorax borkumensis recorded distribution in the deep marine water column ▶     Alberto Scoma, Marta Barbato, Sara Borin et al.     Alcanivorax borkumensis is an ubiquitous model organism for hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria, which dominates polluted surface waters. Its negligible presence in oil-contaminated …             Aβ Induces Excitotoxicity Mediated by APC/C-Cdh1 Depletion That Can Be Prevented by Glutaminase Inhibition Promoting Neuronal Survival ▶     T. Fuchsberger, S. Martínez-Bellver, E. Giraldo et al.     The E3 ubiquitin ligase anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is activated by the fizzy-related protein homolog/CDC20-like protein 1 (cdh1) in post-mitotic neurons. …             B7H3 ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury via attenuation of neutrophil migration and infiltration ▶     Yan Li, Jie Huang, Niamh M. Foley et al.     Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by an excessive inflammatory response within the lungs and severely impaired gas exchange …             A Dominant Social Comparison Heuristic Unites Alternative Mechanisms for the Evolution of Indirect Reciprocity ▶     Roger M. Whitaker, Gualtiero B. Colombo, Stuart M. Allen et al.     Cooperation is a fundamental human trait but our understanding of how it functions remains incomplete. Indirect reciprocity is a particular case in point, where one-shot …             The neuronal mechanisms underlying improvement of impulsivity in ADHD by theta/beta neurofeedback ▶     Annet Bluschke, Felicia Broschwitz, Simon Kohl et al.     Neurofeedback is increasingly recognized as an intervention to treat core symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Despite the large number of studies having …             The opposite prognostic effect of NDUFS1 and NDUFS8 in lung cancer reflects the oncojanus role of mitochondrial complex I ▶     Chia-Yi Su, Yu-Chan Chang, Chih-Jen Yang et al.     A recent surge of research on complex I mitochondrial DNA indicates that complex I disassembly regulated by mutation threshold plays a critical role in tumor progression. …             Biosorption of Pb (II) from aqueous solution by extracellular polymeric substances extracted from Klebsiella sp. J1: Adsorption behavior and mechanism assessment ▶     Wei Wei, Qilin Wang, Ang Li et al.     The adsorption performance and mechanism of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from Klebsiella sp. J1 for soluble Pb (II) were investigated. The maximum …             Novel pH-Sensitive Cyclic Peptides ▶     Dhammika Weerakkody, Anna Moshnikova, Naglaa Salem El-Sayed et al.     A series of cyclic peptides containing a number of tryptophan (W) and glutamic acid (E) residues were synthesized and evaluated as pH-sensitive agents for targeting of acidic …             Synthetic antimicrobial and LPS-neutralising peptides suppress inflammatory and immune responses in skin cells and promote keratinocyte migration ▶     Anja Pfalzgraff, Lena Heinbockel, Qi Su et al.     The stagnation in the development of new antibiotics and the concomitant high increase of resistant bacteria emphasize the urgent need for new therapeutic options. Antimicrobial …             Application of ADA1 as a new marker enzyme in sandwich ELISA to study the effect of adenosine on activated monocytes ▶     Chengqian Liu, Maksym Skaldin, Chengxiang Wu et al.     Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a valuable technique to detect antigens in biological fluids. Horse radish peroxidase (HRP) is one of the most common enzymes used …             Mapping B-cell responses to Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis in chickens for the discrimination of infected from vaccinated animals ▶     Ibrahim A. Naqid, Jonathan P. Owen, Ben C. Maddison et al.     Serological surveillance and vaccination are important strategies for controlling infectious diseases of food production animals. However, the compatibility of these strategies …             Lung Microtissue Array to Screen the Fibrogenic Potential of Carbon Nanotubes ▶     Zhaowei Chen, Qixin Wang, Mohammadnabi Asmani et al.     Due to their excellent physical and chemical characteristics, multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) have the potential to be used in structural composites, conductive materials, …             VHLdb: A database of von Hippel-Lindau protein interactors and mutations ▶     Francesco Tabaro, Giovanni Minervini, Faiza Sundus et al.     Mutations in von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) predispose to develop tumors affecting specific target organs, such as the retina, epididymis, adrenal glands, …             The Associations of HLA-A*02:01 and DRB1*11:01 with Hepatitis C Virus Spontaneous Clearance Are Independent of IL28B in the Chinese Population ▶     Jieting Huang, Ke Huang, Ru Xu et al.     Spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) occurs in 10–40% of the infections. Specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been identified in associating with HCV …             Salt secretion is linked to acid-base regulation of ionocytes in seawater-acclimated medaka: new insights into the salt-secreting mechanism ▶     Sian-Tai Liu, Jiun-Lin Horng, Po-Yen Chen et al.     Ionocytes in the skin and gills of seawater (SW) teleosts are responsible for both salt and acid secretion. However, the mechanism through which ionocytes secrete acid is still …             Early activation of MyD88-mediated autophagy sustains HSV-1 replication in human monocytic THP-1 cells ▶     Gabriel Siracusano, Assunta Venuti, Daniele Lombardo et al.     Autophagy is a cellular degradation pathway that exerts numerous functions in vital biological processes. Among these, it contributes to both innate and adaptive immunity. On the …             Interactions among Drosophila larvae before and during collision ▶     Nils Otto, Benjamin Risse, Dimitri Berh et al.     In populations of Drosophila larvae, both, an aggregation and a dispersal behavior can be observed. However, the mechanisms coordinating larval locomotion in respect to other …             Overexpression of transport proteins improves the production of 5-aminovalerate from l-lysine in Escherichia coli ▶     Zhong Li, Jing Xu, Tongtong Jiang et al.     Bacterial transporters mediate the exchanges between intracellular and extracellular environments. Modification of transport route could be applied to speed up the metabolic …             Efficient liver repopulation of transplanted hepatocyte prevents cirrhosis in a rat model of hereditary tyrosinemia type I ▶     Ludi Zhang, Yanjiao Shao, Lu Li et al.     Hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1) is caused by a deficiency in the enzyme fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (Fah). Fah-deficient mice and pigs are phenotypically analogous to human …             One-year Survey of human enteroviruses from sewage and the factors affecting virus adsorption to the suspended solids ▶     Zexin Tao, Zhongtang Wang, Xiaojuan Lin et al.     This study described the results of environmental enterovirus surveillance conducted in Shandong Province of China in 2013. Altogether 39 sewage samples were collected and 873 …             Proteomic analysis of an engineered isolate of Lactobacillus plantarum with enhanced raffinose metabolic capacity ▶     Jicheng Wang, Wenyan Hui, Chenxia Cao et al.     Lactic acid bacteria that can produce alpha-galactosidase are a promising solution for improving the nutritional value of soy-derived products. For their commercial use in the …             Hepatic and serum lipid signatures specific to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in murine models ▶     Franck Chiappini, Christophe Desterke, Justine Bertrand-Michel et al.     Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is a precursor of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a condition that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Markers for …             Retinal Structures and Visual Cortex Activity are Impaired Prior to Clinical Vision Loss in Glaucoma ▶     Matthew C. Murphy, Ian P. Conner, Cindy Y. Teng et al.     Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide and its pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we measured the structure, metabolism and function of the visual …             Selective recognition and stabilization of new ligands targeting the potassium form of the human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA ▶     Yi-Hwa Lin, Show-Mei Chuang, Pei-Ching Wu et al.     The development of a ligand that is capable of distinguishing among the wide variety of G-quadruplex structures and targeting telomeres to treat cancer is particularly …             RAMPred: identifying the N1-methyladenosine sites in eukaryotic transcriptomes ▶     Wei Chen, Pengmian Feng, Hua Tang et al.     N1-methyladenosine (m1A) is a prominent RNA modification involved in many biological processes. Accurate identification of m1A site is invaluable for better understanding the …             Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Candidate Genes Related to Skin Color Differentiation in Red Tilapia ▶     Wenbin Zhu, Lanmei Wang, Zaijie Dong et al.     Red tilapia is becoming more popular for aquaculture production in China in recent years. However, the pigmentation differentiation in genetic breeding is the main problem …             Critical features of acute stress-induced cross-sensitization identified through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis output ▶     Xavier Belda, Roser Nadal, Antonio Armario     Stress-induced sensitization represents a process whereby prior exposure to severe stressors leaves animals or humans in a hyper-responsive state to further stressors. Indeed, …             A novel secondary structure based on fused five-membered rings motif ▶     Jesmita Dhar, Raghuvansh Kishore, Pinak Chakrabarti     An analysis of protein structures indicates the existence of a novel, fused five-membered rings motif, comprising of two residues (i and i + 1), stabilized by interresidue Ni+1…             A Novel Nitrobenzoate Microtubule Inhibitor that Overcomes Multidrug Resistance Exhibits Antitumor Activity ▶     Yan-Bo Zheng, Jian-Hua Gong, Xiu-Jun Liu et al.     Multidrug resistance is a major limitation for microtubule-binding agents in cancer treatment. Here we report a novel microtubule inhibitor (2-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-benzoic acid …             A Comparative Analysis of Sonic Defences in Bombycoidea Caterpillars ▶     Veronica L. Bura, Akito Y. Kawahara, Jayne E. Yack     Caterpillars have long been used as models for studying animal defence. Their impressive armour, including flamboyant warning colours, poisonous spines, irritating sprays, and …             Reinstating the Novelty P3 ▶     Robert J. Barry, Genevieve Z. Steiner, Frances M. De Blasio     P300 (or P3) is a major positive complex in the human event-related potential, occurring some 300 ms after stimulus onset, and long thought to be the cortical correlate of the …             CircRNA-protein complexes: IMP3 protein component defines subfamily of circRNPs ▶     Tim Schneider, Lee-Hsueh Hung, Silke Schreiner et al.     Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs in higher eukaryotes generated from pre-mRNAs by alternative splicing. Here we investigated in mammalian cells …             Impact of language on functional connectivity for audiovisual speech integration ▶     Jun Shinozaki, Nobuo Hiroe, Masa-aki Sato et al.     Visual information about lip and facial movements plays a role in audiovisual (AV) speech perception. Although this has been widely confirmed, previous behavioural studies have …             Associations between microRNA binding site SNPs in FGFs and FGFRs and the risk of non-syndromic orofacial cleft ▶     Dandan Li, Hongchuang Zhang, Lan Ma et al.     We hypothesized that microRNA binding site single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptor genes (FGFRs) may affect microRNA and …             Molecular mechanisms underlying progesterone-enhanced breast cancer cell migration ▶     Hui-Chen Wang, Wen-Sen Lee     Progesterone (P4) was demonstrated to inhibit migration in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), but to enhance migration in T47D breast cancer cells. To investigate the …             Emotional Modulation of Conflict Processing in the Affective Domain: Evidence from Event-related Potentials and Event-related Spectral Perturbation Analysis ▶     Jianling Ma, Chang Liu, Xu Chen     Previous studies have revealed the impact of emotion on conflict processing. The present study was conducted to investigate whether cognitive control in the affective domain is …             Copy number variation of genes involved in the hepatitis C virus-human interactome ▶     Lucyna Budzko, Malgorzata Marcinkowska-Swojak, Paulina Jackowiak et al.     Copy number variation (CNV) is a newly discovered form of intra-species genetic polymorphism that is defined as deletions or duplications of genome segments ranging from 1 kbp to …             Macromolecular structure phasing by neutron anomalous diffraction ▶     Maxime G. Cuypers, Sax A. Mason, Estelle Mossou et al.     In this report we show for the first time that neutron anomalous dispersion can be used in a practical manner to determine experimental phases of a protein crystal structure, …             U6atac snRNA stem-loop interacts with U12 p65 RNA binding protein and is functionally interchangeable with the U12 apical stem-loop III ▶     Jagjit Singh, Kavleen Sikand, Heike Conrad et al.     Formation of catalytic core of the U12-dependent spliceosome involves U6atac and U12 interaction with the 5′ splice site and branch site regions of a U12-dependent intron, …             Stratification of responders towards eculizumab using a structural epitope mapping strategy ▶     Anna-Luisa Volk, Francis Jingxin Hu, Magnus M. Berglund et al.     The complement component 5 (C5)-binding antibody eculizumab is used to treat patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS…             Localized Down-regulation of P-glycoprotein by Focused Ultrasound and Microbubbles induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Rat Brain ▶     HongSeok Cho, Hwa-Youn Lee, Mun Han et al.     Multi-drug resistant efflux transporters found in Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) acts as a functional barrier, by pumping out most of the drugs into the blood. Previous studies showed …             Long-Term Training with a Brain-Machine Interface-Based Gait Protocol Induces Partial Neurological Recovery in Paraplegic Patients ▶     Ana R. C. Donati, Solaiman Shokur, Edgard Morya et al.     Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) provide a new assistive strategy aimed at restoring mobility in severely paralyzed patients. Yet, no study in animals or in human subjects has …             Terrestrial carbohydrates support freshwater zooplankton during phytoplankton deficiency ▶     Sami J. Taipale, Aaron W. E. Galloway, Sanni L. Aalto et al.     Freshwater food webs can be partly supported by terrestrial primary production, often deriving from plant litter of surrounding catchment vegetation. Although consisting mainly …             Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Nerve Regeneration in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Repair and Hindlimb Transplant Model ▶     Damon S. Cooney, Eric G. Wimmers, Zuhaib Ibrahim et al.     This study investigates the efficacy of local and intravenous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration to augment neuroregeneration in both a sciatic nerve cut-and-repair and …             Retrieval-Based Model Accounts for Striking Profile of Episodic Memory and Generalization ▶     Andrea Banino, Raphael Koster, Demis Hassabis et al.     A fundamental theoretical tension exists between the role of the hippocampus in generalizing across a set of related episodes, and in supporting memory for individual episodes. …             Gene expression of muscular and neuronal pathways is cooperatively dysregulated in patients with idiopathic achalasia ▶     Orazio Palmieri, Tommaso Mazza, Antonio Merla et al.     Idiopathic achalasia is characterized by the absence of peristalsis secondary to loss of neurons in the myenteric plexus that hampers proper relaxation of the lower esophageal …             N-acylhydrazone inhibitors of influenza virus PA endonuclease with versatile metal binding modes ▶     Mauro Carcelli, Dominga Rogolino, Anna Gatti et al.     Influenza virus PA endonuclease has recently emerged as an attractive target for the development of novel antiviral therapeutics. This is an enzyme with divalent metal ion(s) (Mg2…             Predicting bee community responses to land-use changes: Effects of geographic and taxonomic biases ▶     Adriana De Palma, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Marcelo A. Aizen et al.     Land-use change and intensification threaten bee populations worldwide, imperilling pollination services. Global models are needed to better characterise, project, and mitigate …             A point mutation in AgrC determines cytotoxic or colonizing properties associated with phenotypic variants of ST22 MRSA strains ▶     Srikanth Mairpady Shambat, Nikolai Siemens, Ian R. Monk et al.     Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of skin and soft tissue infections. One of the highly successful and rapidly disseminating clones is MRSA ST22 …             Dysregulated immune system networks in war veterans with PTSD is an outcome of altered miRNA expression and DNA methylation ▶     Marpe Bam, Xiaoming Yang, Elizabeth E. Zumbrun et al.     Post-traumatic stress disorder patients experience chronic systemic inflammation. However, the molecular pathways involved and mechanisms regulating the expression of genes …             Leucine Zipper-bearing Kinase promotes axon growth in mammalian central nervous system neurons ▶     Meifan Chen, Cédric G. Geoffroy, Hetty N. Wong et al.     Leucine Zipper-bearing Kinase (LZK/MAP3K13) is a member of the mixed lineage kinase family with high sequence identity to Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase (DLK/MAP3K12). While DLK is …             Effects of T592 phosphomimetic mutations on tetramer stability and dNTPase activity of SAMHD1 can not explain the retroviral restriction defect ▶     Akash Bhattacharya, Zhonghua Wang, Tommy White et al.     SAMHD1, a dNTP triphosphohydrolase, contributes to interferon signaling and restriction of retroviral replication. SAMHD1-mediated retroviral restriction is thought to result …             Divergent habitat filtering of root and soil fungal communities in temperate beech forests ▶     Kezia Goldmann, Kristina Schröter, Rodica Pena et al.     Distance decay, the general reduction in similarity of community composition with increasing geographical distance, is known as predictor of spatial variation and distribution …             Enzyme overexpression – an exercise toward understanding regulation of heparan sulfate biosynthesis ▶     Jianping Fang, Tianyi Song, Ulf Lindahl et al.     Biosynthesis of heparan sulfate (HS) involves conversion of D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) to L-iduronic acid (IdoA) units catalyzed by glucuronyl C5-epimerase (Hsepi). IdoA units are …             Distribution of coniferin in freeze-fixed stem of Ginkgo biloba L. by cryo-TOF-SIMS/SEM ▶     Dan Aoki, Yuto Hanaya, Takuya Akita et al.     To clarify the role of coniferin in planta, semi-quantitative cellular distribution of coniferin in quick-frozen Ginkgo biloba L. (ginkgo) was visualized by cryo time-of-flight …             Hypertension and risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Zhen Liang, Bo Xie, Jiangfeng Li et al.     The previously reported association between hypertension and prostate cancer risk was controversial. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis of all available …             Inhibition of CDK9 as a therapeutic strategy for inflammatory arthritis ▶     Annelie Hellvard, Lutz Zeitlmann, Ulrich Heiser et al.     Rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by synovial inflammation and proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. The induction of apoptosis has long been proposed as a target …             Social exclusion modulates priorities of attention allocation in cognitive control ▶     Mengsi Xu, Zhiai Li, Liuting Diao et al.     Many studies have investigated how exclusion affects cognitive control and have reported inconsistent results. However, these studies usually treated cognitive control as a …             Natural product derivative BIO promotes recovery after myocardial infarction via unique modulation of the cardiac microenvironment ▶     Yong Sook Kim, Hye-yun Jeong, Ah Ra Kim et al.     The cardiac microenvironment includes cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts and macrophages, which regulate remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Targeting this microenvironment is …             Urothelium muscarinic activation phosphorylates CBSSer227 via cGMP/PKG pathway causing human bladder relaxation through H2S production ▶     Roberta d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca, Emma Mitidieri, Ferdinando Fusco et al.     The urothelium modulates detrusor activity through releasing factors whose nature has not been clearly defined. Here we have investigated the involvement of H2S as possible …             CD14/TLR4 priming potentially recalibrates and exerts anti-tumor efficacy in tumor associated macrophages in a mouse model of pancreatic carcinoma ▶     Hridayesh Prakash, Vinod Nadella, Sandhya Singh et al.     Pancreatic cancer is the fourth major cause of cancer related deaths in the world and 5 year survival is below 5%. Among various tumor directed therapies, stimulation of …             Clustered marginalization of minorities during social transitions induced by co-evolution of behaviour and network structure ▶     Carl-Friedrich Schleussner, Jonathan F. Donges, Denis A. Engemann et al.     Large-scale transitions in societies are associated with both individual behavioural change and restructuring of the social network. These two factors have often been considered …             The caffeine-binding adenosine A2A receptor induces age-like HPA-axis dysfunction by targeting glucocorticoid receptor function ▶     Vânia L. Batalha, Diana G. Ferreira, Joana E. Coelho et al.     Caffeine is associated with procognitive effects in humans by counteracting overactivation of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), which is upregulated in the human forebrain of …             TRPV4 regulates calcium homeostasis, cytoskeletal remodeling, conventional outflow and intraocular pressure in the mammalian eye ▶     Daniel A. Ryskamp, Amber M. Frye, Tam T. T. Phuong et al.     An intractable challenge in glaucoma treatment has been to identify druggable targets within the conventional aqueous humor outflow pathway, which is thought to be …             Fibroproliferative response to urothelial failure obliterates the ureter lumen in a mouse model of prenatal congenital obstructive nephropathy ▶     Amanda J. Lee, Noemi Polgar, Josephine A. Napoli et al.     Congenital obstructive nephropathy (CON) is the most prevalent cause of pediatric chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. The ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) region, …             Electrical Identification and Selective Microstimulation of Neuronal Compartments Based on Features of Extracellular Action Potentials ▶     Milos Radivojevic, David Jäckel, Michael Altermatt et al.     A detailed, high-spatiotemporal-resolution characterization of neuronal responses to local electrical fields and the capability of precise extracellular microstimulation of …             “A novel highly stable and injectable hydrogel based on a conformationally restricted ultrashort peptide” ▶     Chaitanya Kumar Thota, Nitin Yadav, Virander Singh Chauhan     Nanostructures including hydrogels based on peptides containing non protein amino acids are being considered as platform for drug delivery because of their inherent …             Cytoskeletal impairment during isoamyl alcohol-induced cell elongation in budding yeast ▶     Wakae Murata, Satoko Kinpara, Nozomi Kitahara et al.     Isoamyl alcohol (IAA) induces pseudohyphae including cell elongation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Detailed regulation of microtubules and actin in developmental …             Enriched retinal ganglion cells derived from human embryonic stem cells ▶     Katherine P. Gill, Sandy S. C. Hung, Alexei Sharov et al.     Optic neuropathies are characterised by a loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that lead to vision impairment. Development of cell therapy requires a better understanding of the …             In vitro Characterization of Phenylacetate Decarboxylase, a Novel Enzyme Catalyzing Toluene Biosynthesis in an Anaerobic Microbial Community ▶     K. Zargar, R. Saville, R. M. Phelan et al.     Anaerobic bacterial biosynthesis of toluene from phenylacetate was reported more than two decades ago, but the biochemistry underlying this novel metabolism has never been …             Nitrogen can improve the rapid response of photosynthesis to changing irradiance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants ▶     Jiali Sun, Miao Ye, Shaobing Peng et al.     To identify the effect of nitrogen (N) nutrition on the dynamic photosynthesis of rice plants, a pot experiment was conducted under two N conditions. The leaf N and chlorophyll …             Novel ligands of Choline Acetyltransferase designed by in silico molecular docking, hologram QSAR and lead optimization ▶     Rajnish Kumar, Bengt Långström, Taher Darreh-Shori     Recent reports have brought back the acetylcholine synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase in the mainstream research in dementia and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory …             Contribution of prostanoid signaling to the evolution of spreading depolarization and the associated cerebral blood flow response ▶     Dániel Péter Varga, Tamás Puskás, Ákos Menyhárt et al.     The significance of prostanoid signaling in neurovascular coupling during somatosensory stimulation is increasingly more appreciated, yet its involvement in mediating the …             Symbiosis with Francisella tularensis provides resistance to pathogens in the silkworm ▶     Jin Suzuki, Akihiko Uda, Kenta Watanabe et al.     Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a highly virulent facultative intracellular pathogen found in a wide range of animals, including arthropods, and …             Defective DNA repair increases susceptibility to senescence through extension of Chk1-mediated G2 checkpoint activation ▶     Yoshikazu Johmura, Emiri Yamashita, Midori Shimada et al.     Susceptibility to senescence caused by defective DNA repair is a major hallmark of progeroid syndrome patients, but molecular mechanisms of how defective DNA repair predisposes …             Protective Effects of Arginine on Saccharomyces cerevisiae Against Ethanol Stress ▶     Yanfei Cheng, Zhaoli Du, Hui Zhu et al.     Yeast cells are challenged by various environmental stresses in the process of industrial fermentation. As the currently main organism for bio-ethanol production, Saccharomyces …             Fine mapping of a dominant gene conferring chlorophyll-deficiency in Brassica napus ▶     Yankun Wang, Yongjun He, Mao Yang et al.     Leaf colour regulation is important in photosynthesis and dry material production. Most of the reported chlorophyll-deficient loci are recessive. The dominant locus is rarely …             Inhibition of VEGF165/VEGFR2-dependent signaling by LECT2 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma angiogenesis ▶     Chi-Kuan Chen, Wen-Hsuan Yu, Tsu-Yao Cheng et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) relies on angiogenesis for growth and metastasis. Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is a cytokine and preferentially expressed in the …             “Non-Toxic” Proteins of the Botulinum Toxin Complex Exert In-vivo Toxicity ▶     Shin-Ichiro Miyashita, Yoshimasa Sagane, Tomonori Suzuki et al.     The botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) causes muscle paralysis and is the most potent toxin in nature. BoNT is associated with a complex of auxiliary “Non-Toxic” proteins, which …             Environmental variables and definitive host distribution: a habitat suitability modelling for endohelminth parasites in the marine realm ▶     Thomas Kuhn, Sarah Cunze, Judith Kochmann et al.     Marine nematodes of the genus Anisakis are common parasites of a wide range of aquatic organisms. Public interest is primarily based on their importance as zoonotic agents of the …             Controllable in-situ cell electroporation with cell positioning and impedance monitoring using micro electrode array ▶     Xiaoliang Guo, Rong Zhu     This paper reports a novel microarray chip for in-situ, real-time and selective electroporation on individual cells integrated with cell positioning and impedance monitoring. An …             A Dynamical Analysis of the Suitability of Prehistoric Spheroids from the Cave of Hearths as Thrown Projectiles ▶     Andrew D. Wilson, Qin Zhu, Lawrence Barham et al.     Spheroids are ball-shaped stone objects found in African archaeological sites dating from 1.8 million years ago (Early Stone Age) to at least 70,000 years ago (Middle Stone Age). …             Blood-borne miRNA profile-based diagnostic classifier for lung adenocarcinoma ▶     Mei Chee Tai, Kiyoshi Yanagisawa, Masahiro Nakatochi et al.     Accumulated evidence indicates that various types of miRNA are aberrantly expressed in lung cancer and secreted into the bloodstream. For this study, we constructed a serum …             A Quick-responsive DNA Nanotechnology Device for Bio-molecular Homeostasis Regulation ▶     Songlin Wu, Pei Wang, Chen Xiao et al.     Physiological processes such as metabolism, cell apoptosis and immune responses, must be strictly regulated to maintain their homeostasis and achieve their normal physiological …             Fine-mapping analysis revealed complex pleiotropic effect and tissue-specific regulatory mechanism of TNFSF15 in primary biliary cholangitis, Crohn’s disease and leprosy ▶     Yonghu Sun, Astrid Irwanto, Licht Toyo-oka et al.     Genetic polymorphism within the 9q32 locus is linked with increased risk of several diseases, including Crohn’s disease (CD), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and leprosy. The …             The use of T-DNA insertional mutagenesis to improve cellulase production by the thermophilic fungus Humicola insolens Y1 ▶     Xinxin Xu, Jinyang Li, Pengjun Shi et al.     Humicola insolens is an excellent producer of pH-neutral active, thermostable cellulases that find many industrial applications. In the present study, we developed an efficient …             Peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Zhen Zheng, Li Zhang, Tingting Zhu et al.     Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates neuronal survival and growth and promotes synaptic plasticity. Recently, researchers have begun to explore the relationship …             Structural basis of unique ligand specificity of KAI2-like protein from parasitic weed Striga hermonthica ▶     Yuqun Xu, Takuya Miyakawa, Hidemitsu Nakamura et al.     The perception of two plant germination inducers, karrikins and strigolactones, are mediated by the proteins KAI2 and D14. Recently, KAI2-type proteins from parasitic weeds, …             Structural basis for cytokinin production by LOG from Corynebacterium glutamicum ▶     Hogyun Seo, Sangwoo Kim, Hye-Young Sagong et al.     “Lonely guy” (LOG) has been identified as a cytokinin-producing enzyme in plants and plant-interacting fungi. The gene product of Cg2612 from the soil-dwelling bacterium …             miR-489 inhibits silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting MyD88 and Smad3 and is negatively regulated by lncRNA CHRF ▶     Qiuyun Wu, Lei Han, Weiwen Yan et al.     Silicosis is an incurable occupational disease associated with inflammation, fibroblast proliferation and the accumulation of extracellular matrix in lung tissues. The …             Large-scale molecular dynamics simulation: Effect of polarization on thrombin-ligand binding energy ▶     Li L. Duan, Guo Q. Feng, Qing G. Zhang     Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations lasting 500 ns were performed in explicit water to investigate the effect of polarization on the binding of ligands to human α-thrombin based …             Crude oil exposures reveal roles for intracellular calcium cycling in haddock craniofacial and cardiac development ▶     Elin Sørhus, John P. Incardona, Ørjan Karlsen et al.     Recent studies have shown that crude oil exposure affects cardiac development in fish by disrupting excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. We previously found that eggs of …             On characterizing protein spatial clusters with correlation approaches ▶     Arun Shivanandan, Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan, Aleksandra Radenovic     Spatial aggregation of proteins might have functional importance, e.g., in signaling, and nano-imaging can be used to study them. Such studies require accurate characterization …             Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus persister cells with the host when in a persister state and following awakening ▶     Elin G. Mina, Cláudia N. H. Marques     Persister cells, a tolerant cell sub-population, are commonly associated with chronic and recurrent infections. However, little is known about their ability to actually initiate …             The secondary frame in spider orb webs: the detail that makes the difference ▶     Alejandro Soler, Ramón Zaera     Spider orb webs are multifunctional structures, the main function of which is to dissipate the kinetic energy of the impacting prey, while minimizing structural damage. There is …             Altered lipid metabolism in Drosophila model of Huntington’s disease ▶     Kumari Aditi, Mallikarjun N. Shakarad, Namita Agrawal     Huntington’s disease (HD) is late-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by expansion of polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat within Huntingtin (Htt) protein. In HD …             The CD4+ T cell methylome contributes to a distinct CD4+ T cell transcriptional signature in Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle ▶     Rachael Doherty, Ronan Whiston, Paul Cormican et al.     We hypothesised that epigenetic regulation of CD4+ T lymphocytes contributes to a shift toward a dysfunctional T cell phenotype which may impact on their ability to clear …             Microfabric Vessels for Embryoid Body Formation and Rapid Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells ▶     Hiroki Sato, Alimjan Idiris, Tatsuaki Miwa et al.     Various scalable three-dimensional culture systems for regenerative medicine using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been developed to date. However, stable …             The Spectrum of Mitochondrial Ultrastructural Defects in Mitochondrial Myopathy ▶     Amy E. Vincent, Yi Shiau Ng, Kathryn White et al.     Mitochondrial functions are intrinsically linked to their morphology and membrane ultrastructure. Characterizing abnormal mitochondrial structural features may thus provide …             High density genome wide genotyping-by-sequencing and association identifies common and low frequency SNPs, and novel candidate genes influencing cow milk traits ▶     Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu, Sunday O. Peters, Kingsley A. Akwanji et al.     High-throughput sequencing technologies have increased the ability to detect sequence variations for complex trait improvement. A high throughput genome wide …             Unprecedented Disease-Related Coral Mortality in Southeastern Florida ▶     William F. Precht, Brooke E. Gintert, Martha L. Robbart et al.     Anomalously high water temperatures, associated with climate change, are increasing the global prevalence of coral bleaching, coral diseases, and coral-mortality events. Coral …             Sodium MRI in Multiple Sclerosis is Compatible with Intracellular Sodium Accumulation and Inflammation-Induced Hyper-Cellularity of Acute Brain Lesions ▶     Armin Biller, Isabella Pflugmann, Stephanie Badde et al.     The cascade of inflammatory pathogenetic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis (MS) has no specific conventional MRI correlates. Clinicians therefore stipulate improved imaging …             Multifunctional metal-polymer nanoagglomerates from single-pass aerosol self-assembly ▶     Jeong Hoon Byeon     In this study, gold (Au)-iron (Fe) nanoagglomerates were capped by a polymer mixture (PM) consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid), protamine sulfate, and poly-l-lysine via …             Functional and structural brain connectivity of young binge drinkers: a follow-up study ▶     A. Correas, P. Cuesta, E. López-Caneda et al.     Adolescence is a period of ongoing brain maturation characterized by hierarchical changes in the functional and structural networks. For this reason, the young brain is …             Wafer-scale high-resolution patterning of reduced graphene oxide films for detection of low concentration biomarkers in plasma ▶     Jinsik Kim, Myung-Sic Chae, Sung Min Lee et al.     Given that reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based biosensors allow disposable and repeatable biomarker detection at the point of care, we developed a wafer-scale rGO patterning …             CCBE1 promotes GIST development through enhancing angiogenesis and mediating resistance to imatinib ▶     Guang-Ang Tian, Chun-Chao Zhu, Xiao-Xin Zhang et al.     Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most major mesenchymal neoplasm of the digestive tract. Up to now, imatinib mesylate has been used as a standard first-line treatment …             Epidermal growth factor gene is a newly identified candidate gene for gout ▶     Lin Han, Chunwei Cao, Zhaotong Jia et al.     Chromosome 4q25 has been identified as a genomic region associated with gout. However, the associations of gout with the genes in this region have not yet been confirmed. Here, …             Association between angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and renal scar risk in children vesicoureteral reflex: a reappraise meta-analysis ▶     Jin-Wei Ai, Xian-Tao Zeng, Ying Liu et al.     Vesicoureteral reflex(VUR) is a common disease in children. Some studies indicated that the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism …             Gradient moduli lens models: how material properties and application of forces can affect deformation and distributions of stress ▶     Kehao Wang, Demetrios Venetsanos, Jian Wang et al.     The human lens provides one-third of the ocular focussing power and is responsible for altering focus over a range of distances. This ability, termed accommodation, defines the …             Intercellular ultrafast Ca2+ wave in vascular smooth muscle cells: numerical and experimental study ▶     J. C. Quijano, F. Raynaud, D. Nguyen et al.     Vascular smooth muscle cells exhibit intercellular Ca2+ waves in response to local mechanical or KCl stimulation. Recently, a new type of intercellular Ca2+ wave was observed in …             Tsr Chemoreceptor Interacts With IL-8 Provoking E. coli Transmigration Across Human Lung Epithelial Cells ▶     Bing Han, Manshu Li, Yonghao Xu et al.     Bacterial colonization of epithelial surfaces and subsequent transmigration across the mucosal barrier are essential for the development of infection. We hypothesized that the …             Progress to extinction: increased specialisation causes the demise of animal clades ▶     P. Raia, F. Carotenuto, A. Mondanaro et al.     Animal clades tend to follow a predictable path of waxing and waning during their existence, regardless of their total species richness or geographic coverage. Clades begin small …             Enemies with benefits: parasitic endoliths protect mussels against heat stress ▶     G. I. Zardi, K. R. Nicastro, C. D. McQuaid et al.     Positive and negative aspects of species interactions can be context dependant and strongly affected by environmental conditions. We tested the hypothesis that, during periods of …             Transcriptomic evidence for modulation of host inflammatory responses during febrile Plasmodium falciparum malaria ▶     Tuan M. Tran, Marcus B. Jones, Aissata Ongoiba et al.     Identifying molecular predictors and mechanisms of malaria disease is important for understanding how Plasmodium falciparum malaria is controlled. Transcriptomic studies in …             Menopause-induced uterine epithelium atrophy results from arachidonic acid/prostaglandin E2 axis inhibition-mediated autophagic cell death ▶     Shengtao Zhou, Linjie Zhao, Tao Yi et al.     Women experience menopause later in life. Menopause is characterized by dramatically decreased circulating estrogen level secondary to loss of ovarian function and atrophic state …             Normal tissue radioprotection by amifostine via Warburg-type effects ▶     Michael I. Koukourakis, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Christos E. Zois et al.     The mechanism of Amifostine (WR-2721) mediated radioprotection is poorly understood. The effects of amifostine on human basal metabolism, mouse liver metabolism and on normal and …             Systematic assessment of pharmaceutical prescriptions in association with cancer risk: a method to conduct a population-wide medication-wide longitudinal study ▶     Chirag J. Patel, Jianguang Ji, Jan Sundquist et al.     It is a public health priority to identify the adverse and non-adverse associations between pharmaceutical medications and cancer. We search for and evaluate associations between …             Fetal Bovine Serum RNA Interferes with the Cell Culture derived Extracellular RNA ▶     Zhiyun Wei, Arsen O. Batagov, David R. F. Carter et al.     Fetal bovine serum (FBS) has been used in eukaryotic cell cultures for decades. However, little attention has been paid to the biological effects associated with RNA content of …             MATSAP: An automated analysis of stretch-attend posture in rodent behavioral experiments ▶     Kevin S. Holly, Casey O. Orndorff, Teresa A. Murray     Stretch-attend posture (SAP) occurs during risk assessment and is prevalent in common rodent behavioral tests. Measuring this behavior can enhance behavioral tests. For example, …             Rescuing neuronal cell death by RAIDD- and PIDD- derived peptides and its implications for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative diseases ▶     Tae-Ho Jang, In-Hye Lim, Chang Min Kim et al.     Caspase-2 is known to be involved in oxidative-stress mediated neuronal cell death. In this study, we demonstrated that rotenone-induced neuronal cell death is mediated by …             Ribosomal protein L18aB is required for both male gametophyte function and embryo development in Arabidopsis ▶     Hailong Yan, Dan Chen, Yifan Wang et al.     Ribosomal proteins are involved in numerous essential cell activities in plants. However, the regulatory role in specific plant developmental processes has not yet been fully …             Inhibition of Autophagy Enhances Curcumin United light irradiation-induced Oxidative Stress and Tumor Growth Suppression in Human Melanoma Cells ▶     Tianhui Niu, Yan Tian, Zhusong Mei et al.     Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin carcinoma, which possesses fast propagating and highly invasive characteristics. Curcumin is a natural phenol compound that …             Cranberry-derived proanthocyanidins impair virulence and inhibit quorum sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Vimal B. Maisuria, Yossef Lopez-de Los Santos, Nathalie Tufenkji et al.     Bacteria have evolved multiple strategies for causing infections that include producing virulence factors, undertaking motility, developing biofilms, and invading host cells. N…             Genetic characterization of cysteine-rich type-b avenin-like protein coding genes in common wheat ▶     X. Y. Chen, X. Y. Cao, Y. J. Zhang et al.     The wheat avenin-like proteins (ALP) are considered atypical gluten constituents and have shown positive effects on dough properties revealed using a transgenic approach. …             Forizymes – functionalised artificial forisomes as a platform for the production and immobilisation of single enzymes and multi-enzyme complexes ▶     Franziska Visser, Boje Müller, Judith Rose et al.     The immobilisation of enzymes plays an important role in many applications, including biosensors that require enzyme activity, stability and recyclability in order to function …             Proteome mapping of Plasmodium: identification of the P. yoelii remodellome ▶     Anthony Siau, Ximei Huang, Mei Weng et al.     Plasmodium associated virulence in the host is linked to extensive remodelling of the host erythrocyte by parasite proteins that form the “remodellome”. However, without a common …             Glucose level determines excitatory or inhibitory effects of adiponectin on arcuate POMC neuron activity and feeding ▶     Shigetomo Suyama, Fumihiko Maekawa, Yuko Maejima et al.     Adiponectin regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, acting against metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence suggest that adiponectin acts on the brain …             Discovery of potential prognostic long non-coding RNA biomarkers for predicting the risk of tumor recurrence of breast cancer patients ▶     Meng Zhou, Lei Zhong, Wanying Xu et al.     Deregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression has been proven to be involved in the development and progression of cancer. However, expression pattern and prognostic …             11,000 years of craniofacial and mandibular variation in Lower Nubia ▶     Manon Galland, Denis P. Van Gerven, Noreen Von Cramon-Taubadel et al.     The transition to agriculture was a key event in human history. The extent to which this transition is associated with biological changes in different world regions remains …             Pro-arrhythmogenic effects of CACNA1C G1911R mutation in human ventricular tachycardia: insights from cardiac multi-scale models ▶     Jieyun Bai, Kuanquan Wang, Qince Li et al.     Mutations in the CACNA1C gene are associated with ventricular tachycardia (VT). Although the CACNA1C mutations were well identified in patients with cardiac arrhythmias, …             Repositioning organohalogen drugs: a case study for identification of potent B-Raf V600E inhibitors via docking and bioassay ▶     Yisu Li, Binbin Guo, Zhijian Xu et al.     Drug repositioning has been attracting increasingly attention for its advantages of reducing costs and risks. Statistics showed that around one quarter of the marketed drugs are …             The genetics of an early Neolithic pastoralist from the Zagros, Iran ▶     M. Gallego-Llorente, S. Connell, E. R. Jones et al.     The agricultural transition profoundly changed human societies. We sequenced and analysed the first genome (1.39x) of an early Neolithic woman from Ganj Dareh, in the Zagros …             Effect of long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil nematode communities within aggregates ▶     Zhiyong Zhang, Xiaoke Zhang, Md. Mahamood et al.     A long-term fertilization experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different fertilization practices on nematode community composition within aggregates in a …             Evaluation of VDR gene polymorphisms in Trypanosoma cruzi infection and chronic Chagasic cardiomyopathy ▶     Daniel A Leon Rodriguez, F David Carmona, Clara Isabel González et al.     Vitamin D is an important modulator of the immune response. It acts over several immune cell types where the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed. Due to the high relevance of …             Cell-based phenotypic screening of mast cell degranulation unveils kinetic perturbations of agents targeting phosphorylation ▶     Shenlu Qin, Xumeng Wang, Huanwen Wu et al.     Mast cells play an essential role in initiating allergic diseases. The activation of mast cells are controlled by a complicated signal network of reversible phosphorylation, and …             Baicalin promotes hippocampal neurogenesis via SGK1- and FKBP5-mediated glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation in a neuroendocrine mouse model of anxiety/depression ▶     Kuo Zhang, Xing Pan, Fang Wang et al.     Antidepressants increase hippocampal neurogenesis by activating the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), but excessive GR activation impairs hippocampal neurogenesis, suggesting that …             Electron acceptor redox potential globally regulates transcriptomic profiling in Shewanella decolorationis S12 ▶     Yingli Lian, Yonggang Yang, Jun Guo et al.     Electron acceptor redox potential (EARP) was presumed to be a determining factor for microbial metabolism in many natural and engineered processes. However, little is known about …             Isolation of Live Premature Senescent Cells Using FUCCI Technology ▶     Danli Wang, Ping Lu, Yang Liu et al.     Cellular senescence plays an important role in diverse biological processes such as tumorigenesis and organismal aging. However, lack of methods to specifically identify and …             Effects of race and sex on cerebral hemodynamics, oxygen delivery and blood flow distribution in response to high altitude ▶     Jie Liu, Yang Liu, Li-hua Ren et al.     To assess racial, sexual, and regional differences in cerebral hemodynamic response to high altitude (HA, 3658 m). We performed cross-sectional comparisons on total cerebral …             Ballistocardiogram: Mechanism and Potential for Unobtrusive Cardiovascular Health Monitoring ▶     Chang-Sei Kim, Stephanie L. Ober, M. Sean McMurtry et al.     For more than a century, it has been known that the body recoils each time the heart ejects blood into the arteries. These subtle cardiogenic body movements have been measured …             The role of mTOR signalling in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass in a rodent model of resistance exercise ▶     Riki Ogasawara, Satoshi Fujita, Troy A. Hornberger et al.     Resistance exercise (RE) activates signalling by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and it has been suggested that rapamycin-sensitive mTOR signalling controls RE-induced …             Oral exposure to environmental pollutant benzo[a]pyrene impacts the intestinal epithelium and induces gut microbial shifts in murine model ▶     Céline Ribière, Pierre Peyret, Nicolas Parisot et al.     Gut microbiota dysbiosis are associated with a wide range of human diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases. The physiopathology of these diseases has multifactorial …             Extremely heat tolerant photo-symbiosis in a shallow marine benthic foraminifera ▶     C. Schmidt, D. Titelboim, J. Brandt et al.     Bleaching, the loss of algal symbionts, occurs in marine photosymbiotic organisms at water temperatures minimally exceeding average summer SST (sea surface temperatures). …             Neuroanatomical bases of effortful control: evidence from a large sample of young healthy adults using voxel-based morphometry ▶     Rui Nouchi, Hikaru Takeuchi, Yasuyuki Taki et al.     Effortful control (EC) is a base of individuality in cognition and psychological adjustment. EC is defined as a capacity to control responses and behaviors. We investigated …             Calpains are involved in asexual and sexual development, cell wall integrity and pathogenicity of the rice blast fungus ▶     Xiao-Hong Liu, Guo-Ao Ning, Lu-Yao Huang et al.     Calpains are ubiquitous and well-conserved proteins that belong to the calcium-dependent, non-lysosomal cysteine protease family. In this study, 8 putative calpains were …             Identification of the earliest collagen- and plant-based coatings from Neolithic artefacts (Nahal Hemar cave, Israel) ▶     Caroline Solazzo, Blandine Courel, Jacques Connan et al.     Mortuary practices in human evolution record cognitive, social changes and technological innovations. The Neolithic Revolution in the Levant was a watershed in this domain that …             Vorinostat differentially alters 3D nuclear structure of cancer and non-cancerous esophageal cells ▶     Vivek Nandakumar, Nanna Hansen, Honor L. Glenn et al.     The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor vorinostat has received significant attention in recent years as an ‘epigenetic’ drug used to treat solid tumors. However, its mechanisms …             Huaier restrains proliferative and invasive potential of human hepatoma SKHEP-1 cells partially through decreased Lamin B1 and elevated NOV ▶     Zhongdong Hu, Ailin Yang, Guozhu Su et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cause of malignancy-related mortality worldwide. It is urgently needed to develop potential drugs with good efficacy and …             Metabolic and diffusional limitations of photosynthesis in fluctuating irradiance in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Elias Kaiser, Alejandro Morales, Jeremy Harbinson et al.     A better understanding of the metabolic and diffusional limitations of photosynthesis in fluctuating irradiance can help identify targets for improving crop yields. We used …             Neutron Scattering Studies of the Interplay of Amyloid β Peptide(1–40) and An Anionic Lipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol ▶     Durgesh K. Rai, Veerendra K. Sharma, Divina Anunciado et al.     The interaction between lipid bilayers and Amyloid β peptide (Aβ) plays a critical role in proliferation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is expected to affect one in every 85 …             A dynamical framework to relate perceptual variability with multisensory information processing ▶     Bhumika Thakur, Abhishek Mukherjee, Abhijit Sen et al.     Multisensory processing involves participation of individual sensory streams, e.g., vision, audition to facilitate perception of environmental stimuli. An experimental …             A Nanoscale Interface Promoting Molecular and Functional Differentiation of Neural Cells ▶     Tamara Posati, Assunta Pistone, Emanuela Saracino et al.     Potassium channels and aquaporins expressed by astrocytes are key players in the maintenance of cerebral homeostasis and in brain pathophysiologies. One major challenge in the …             Chickpea Ferritin CaFer1 Participates in Oxidative Stress Response, and Promotes Growth and Development ▶     Shaista Parveen, Deepti Bhushan Gupta, Suchismita Dass et al.     Ferritins store and sequester iron, and regulate iron homeostasis. The cDNA for a stress-responsive phytoferritin, previously identified in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of …             Environmental chemicals impact dog semen quality in vitro and may be associated with a temporal decline in sperm motility and increased cryptorchidism ▶     Richard G. Lea, Andrew S. Byers, Rebecca N. Sumner et al.     Adverse temporal trends in human semen quality and cryptorchidism in infants have been associated with exposure to environmental chemicals (ECs) during development. Here we …             Stochastic anomaly of methylome but persistent SRY hypermethylation in disorder of sex development in canine somatic cell nuclear transfer ▶     Young-Hee Jeong, Hanlin Lu, Chi-Hun Park et al.     Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) provides an excellent model for studying epigenomic reprogramming during mammalian development. We mapped the whole genome and whole …             Quantitative trait gene Slit2 positively regulates murine hematopoietic stem cell numbers ▶     Amanda Waterstrat, Kyle Rector, Hartmut Geiger et al.     Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) demonstrate natural variation in number and function. The genetic factors responsible for the variations (or quantitative traits) are largely …             Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dihydrodipicolinate synthase by alpha-ketopimelic acid and its other structural analogues ▶     Priyanka Shrivastava, Vikas Navratna, Yumnam Silla et al.     The Mycobacterium tuberculosis dihydrodipicolinate synthase (Mtb-dapA) is an essential gene. Mtb-DapA catalyzes the aldol condensation between pyruvate and …             Closed-state inactivation involving an internal gate in Kv4.1 channels modulates pore blockade by intracellular quaternary ammonium ions ▶     Jeffrey D. Fineberg, Tibor G. Szanto, Gyorgy Panyi et al.     Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channel activation depends on interactions between voltage sensors and an intracellular activation gate that controls access to a central pore cavity. Here, …             Conservation and divergence within the clathrin interactome of Trypanosoma cruzi ▶     Ligia Cristina Kalb, Yohana Camila A. Frederico, Cordula Boehm et al.     Trypanosomatids are parasitic protozoa with a significant burden on human health. African and American trypanosomes are causative agents of Nagana and Chagas disease …             The mRNA capping enzyme of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has dual specificity to interact with CTD of RNA Polymerase II ▶     Akhilendra Pratap Bharati, Neha Singh, Vikash Kumar et al.     RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) uniquely possesses an extended carboxy terminal domain (CTD) on its largest subunit, Rpb1, comprising a repetitive Tyr1Ser2Pro3Thr4 Ser5Pro6Ser7 motif …             A ‘suicide’ CRISPR-Cas9 system to promote gene deletion and restoration by electroporation in Cryptococcus neoformans ▶     Yu Wang, Dongsheng Wei, Xiangyang Zhu et al.     Loss-of-function mutagenesis is an important tool used to characterize gene functions, and the CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful method for performing targeted mutagenesis in …             Precise Tuning of Facile One-Pot Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Synthesis ▶     Hitomi Shirahama, Bae Hoon Lee, Lay Poh Tan et al.     Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) is one of the most commonly used photopolymerizable biomaterials in bio-applications. However, GelMA synthesis remains suboptimal, as its reaction …             Investigating the association between photosynthetic efficiency and generation of biophotoelectricity in autotrophic microbial fuel cells ▶     Gustavo P. M. K. Ciniciato, Fong-Lee Ng, Siew-Moi Phang et al.     Microbial fuel cells operating with autotrophic microorganisms are known as biophotovoltaic devices. It represents a great opportunity for environmentally-friendly power …             p-Hydroxylcinnamaldehyde induces the differentiation of oesophageal carcinoma cells via the cAMP-RhoA-MAPK signalling pathway ▶     Ming Ma, Lian-mei Zhao, Xing-xiao Yang et al.     p-Hydroxylcinnamaldehyde (CMSP) has been identified as an inhibitor of the growth of various cancer cells. However, its function in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and …             In-Depth Characterization and Validation of Human Urine Metabolomes Reveal Novel Metabolic Signatures of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ▶     Ling Hao, Tyler Greer, David Page et al.     Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a range of irritative or obstructive symptoms that commonly afflict aging population. The diagnosis is mostly based on patient-reported …             Genome-Wide Transcriptome and Binding Sites Analyses Identify Early FOX Expressions for Enhancing Cardiomyogenesis Efficiency of hESC Cultures ▶     Hock Chuan Yeo, Sherwin Ting, Romulo Martin Brena et al.     The differentiation efficiency of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) is highly sensitive to culture conditions. To elucidate the …             No evidence for spectral jamming avoidance in echolocation behavior of foraging pipistrelle bats ▶     Simone Götze, Jens C. Koblitz, Annette Denzinger et al.     Frequency shifts in signals of bats flying near conspecifics have been interpreted as a spectral jamming avoidance response (JAR). However, several prerequisites supporting a JAR …             A novel role for β2-microglobulin: a precursor of antibacterial chemokine in respiratory epithelial cells ▶     Shean-Jaw Chiou, Chan-Chi Wang, Yan-Shen Tseng et al.     We analyzed a panel of cationic molecules secreted in the culture medium of human respiratory epithelial cells (REC) upon activation by IL-1β and different pathogen-associated …             Identification of IL6 as a susceptibility gene for major depressive disorder ▶     Chen Zhang, Zhiguo Wu, Guoqing Zhao et al.     Our previous work implied that interleukin 6 (IL6) may be a biological marker for major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study, we performed a comprehensive genetic study to …             Polydiacetylenyl β-cyclodextrin based smart vesicles for colorimetric assay of arginine and lysine ▶     Eunae Cho, Hwanhee Kim, Youngjin Choi et al.     Selective visualization of arginine and lysine has been explored among 20 amino acids using the hybrid conjugate of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and polydiacetylene (PDA). The mono …             Composite Membranes of Recombinant Silkworm Antimicrobial Peptide and Poly (L-lactic Acid) (PLLA) for biomedical application ▶     Zhi Li, Xuan Liu, Yi Li et al.     Antimicrobial peptides, produced by innate immune system of hosts in response to invading pathogens, are capable of fighting against a spectrum of bacteria, viruses, fungi, …             Environmental selection of planktonic methanogens in permafrost thaw ponds ▶     Sophie Crevecoeur, Warwick F. Vincent, Connie Lovejoy     The warming and thermal erosion of ice-containing permafrost results in thaw ponds that are strong emitters of methane to the atmosphere. Here we examined methanogens and other …             A/T Run Geometry of B-form DNA Is Independent of Bound Methyl-CpG Binding Domain, Cytosine Methylation and Flanking Sequence ▶     Jyh Yea Chia, Wen Siang Tan, Chyan Leong Ng et al.     DNA methylation in a CpG context can be recognised by methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) via its methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). An A/T run next to a methyl-CpG maximises the …             Novel Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-g-vinyl alcohol) Polyurethane Scaffold for Tissue Engineering ▶     Adriana Pétriz Reyes, Ataúlfo Martínez Torres, Ma. del Pilar Carreón Castro et al.     The design of new synthetic grafted poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) as composite 3D-scaffolds is a convenient alternative for tissue engineering applications. The chemically modified …             Soliton driven angiogenesis ▶     L. L. Bonilla, M. Carretero, F. Terragni et al.     Angiogenesis is a multiscale process by which blood vessels grow from existing ones and carry oxygen to distant organs. Angiogenesis is essential for normal organ growth and …             Neuoroprotective efficacies by KUS121, a VCP modulator, on animal models of retinal degeneration ▶     Tomoko Hasegawa, Yuki Muraoka, Hanako Ohashi Ikeda et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is one of the leading causes of adult blindness and has no established therapy. We have shown that valosin-containing protein (VCP) modulators, Kyoto Un…             Brain enhancer activities at the gene-poor 5p14.1 autism-associated locus ▶     Yukiko U. Inoue, Takayoshi Inoue     Due to the vast clinical and genetic heterogeneity, identification of causal genetic determinants for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has proven to be complex. 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