Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 21 June 2016

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21 June 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               Identification of long non-coding RNAs involved in neuronal development and intellectual disability ▶     Eva D’haene, Eva Z. Jacobs, Pieter-Jan Volders et al.     Recently, exome sequencing led to the identification of causal mutations in 16–31% of patients with intellectual disability (ID), leaving the underlying cause for many patients …             Corrigendum: Robust Type-specific Hemisynapses Induced by Artificial Dendrites ▶     Eun Joong Kim, Chang Su Jeon, Soo Youn Lee et al.                 Newly-formed emotional memories guide selective attention processes: Evidence from event-related potentials ▶     Harald T. Schupp, Ursula Kirmse, Ralf Schmälzle et al.     Emotional cues can guide selective attention processes. However, emotional stimuli can both activate long-term memory representations reflecting general world knowledge and …             Ultrasensitive proteomic quantitation of cellular signaling by digitized nanoparticle-protein counting ▶     Thomas Jacob, Anupriya Agarwal, Damien Ramunno-Johnson et al.     Many important signaling and regulatory proteins are expressed at low abundance and are difficult to measure in single cells. We report a molecular imaging approach to quantitate …             Corrigendum: New Insight into the Role of the Calvin Cycle: Reutilization of CO2 Emitted through Sugar Degradation ▶     Rie Shimizu, Yudai Dempo, Yasumune Nakayama et al.                 Hidden surface microstructures on Carboniferous insect Brodioptera sinensis (Megasecoptera) enlighten functional morphology and sensorial perception ▶     Jakub Prokop, Martina Pecharová, Dong Ren     Megasecoptera are insects with haustellate mouthparts and petiolate wings closely related to Palaeodictyoptera and one of the few insect groups that didn’t survive the …             Selection of reliable reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis during developmental stages and abiotic stress in Setaria viridis ▶     Polyana Kelly Martins, Valéria Mafra, Wagner Rodrigo de Souza et al.     Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) expression analysis is a powerful analytical technique, but reliable results depend on the use of stable reference genes for proper normalization. This …             Application of targeted enrichment to next-generation sequencing of retroviruses integrated into the host human genome ▶     Paola Miyazato, Hiroo Katsuya, Asami Fukuda et al.     The recent development and advancement of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have enabled the characterization of the human genome at extremely high resolution. In the …             Predict or classify: The deceptive role of time-locking in brain signal classification ▶     Marco Rusconi, Angelo Valleriani     Several experimental studies claim to be able to predict the outcome of simple decisions from brain signals measured before subjects are aware of their decision. Often, these …             Identification of candidate genes and natural allelic variants for QTLs governing plant height in chickpea ▶     Alice Kujur, Hari D. Upadhyaya, Deepak Bajaj et al.     In the present study, molecular mapping of high-resolution plant height QTLs was performed by integrating 3625 desi genome-derived GBS (genotyping-by-sequencing)-SNPs on an …             Nucleus downscaling in mouse embryos is regulated by cooperative developmental and geometric programs ▶     Elina Tsichlaki, Greg FitzHarris     Maintaining appropriate nucleus size is important for cell health, but the mechanisms by which this is achieved are poorly understood. Controlling nucleus size is a particular …             Isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage phiEap-2 infecting multidrug resistant Enterobacter aerogenes ▶     Erna Li, Xiao Wei, Yanyan Ma et al.     Enterobacter aerogenes (Enterobacteriaceae) is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes hospital-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, and urinary tract infections. Recently, …             The FonSIX6 gene acts as an avirulence effector in the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum - watermelon pathosystem ▶     Xiaowei Niu, Xiaoqiang Zhao, Kai-Shu Ling et al.     When infecting a host plant, the fungus Fusarium oxysporum secretes several effector proteins into the xylem tissue to promote virulence. However, in a host plant with an innate …             Postnatal development of the electrophysiological properties of somatostatin interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex of mice ▶     Geng Pan, Jian-Ming Yang, Xing-Yue Hu et al.     Somatostatin (SST)-positive interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) play important roles in neuronal diseases, memory and cognitive functions. However, their …             Effects of Long-term Diving Training on Cortical Gyrification ▶     Yuanchao Zhang, Lu Zhao, Wenwei Bi et al.     During human brain development, cortical gyrification, which is believed to facilitate compact wiring of neural circuits, has been shown to follow an inverted U-shaped curve, …             Honeybee economics: optimisation of foraging in a variable world ▶     Anton Stabentheiner, Helmut Kovac     In honeybees fast and efficient exploitation of nectar and pollen sources is achieved by persistent endothermy throughout the foraging cycle, which means extremely high energy …             Elucidating the contributions of multiple aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenases to butanol and ethanol production in Clostridium acetobutylicum ▶     Zongjie Dai, Hongjun Dong, Yanping Zhang et al.     Ethanol and butanol biosynthesis in Clostridium acetobutylicum share common aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenases. However, little is known about the relative contributions of these …             The relationship between apoptosis, chromatin configuration, histone modification and competence of oocytes: A study using the mouse ovary-holding stress model ▶     Juan Lin, Fei Chen, Ming-Ju Sun et al.     The epigenetic factors causing competence differences between SN (surrounded nucleolus) and NSN (non-surrounded nucleolus) oocytes, the significance for the increased histone …             Improvements of sensorimotor processes during action cascading associated with changes in sensory processing architecture–insights from sensory deprivation ▶     Krutika Gohil, Anja Hahne, Christian Beste     In most everyday situations sensorimotor processes are quite complex because situations often require to carry out several actions in a specific temporal order; i.e. one has to …             Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis ▶     Xuexiu He, Zhengkai Wei, Jingjing Wang et al.     Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important …             ORION: a web server for protein fold recognition and structure prediction using evolutionary hybrid profiles ▶     Yassine Ghouzam, Guillaume Postic, Pierre-Edouard Guerin et al.     Protein structure prediction based on comparative modeling is the most efficient way to produce structural models when it can be performed. ORION is a dedicated webserver based …             CD8+ T cells induce platelet clearance in the liver via platelet desialylation in immune thrombocytopenia ▶     Jihua Qiu, Xuena Liu, Xiaoqing Li et al.     In addition to antiplatelet autoantibodies, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play an important role in the increased platelet destruction in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). …             OncoScape: Exploring the cancer aberration landscape by genomic data fusion ▶     Andreas Schlicker, Magali Michaut, Rubayte Rahman et al.     Although large-scale efforts for molecular profiling of cancer samples provide multiple data types for many samples, most approaches for finding candidate cancer genes rely on …             Rare coding TTN variants are associated with electrocardiographic QT interval in the general population ▶     Ashish Kapoor, Kiranmayee Bakshy, Linda Xu et al.     We have shown previously that noncoding variants mapping around a specific set of 170 genes encoding cardiomyocyte intercalated disc (ID) proteins are more enriched for …             Anti-HIV microRNA expression in a novel Indian cohort ▶     Rakesh Dey, Kartik Soni, Shanmugam Saravanan et al.     HIV-1 replication inside host cells is known to be regulated by various host factors. Host miRNAs, by virtue of its normal functioning, also regulate HIV-1 RNA expression by …             Multi-targeted metagenetic analysis of the influence of climate and environmental parameters on soil microbial communities along an elevational gradient ▶     Anders Lanzén, Lur Epelde, Fernando Blanco et al.     Mountain elevation gradients are invaluable sites for understanding the effects of climate change on ecosystem function, community structure and distribution. However, relatively …             Metatranscriptomics reveals the molecular mechanism of large granule formation in granular anammox reactor ▶     Samik Bagchi, Regina Lamendella, Steven Strutt et al.     Granules enriched with anammox bacteria are essential in enhancing the treatment of ammonia-rich wastewater, but little is known about how anammox bacteria grow and multiply …             The hexagonal shape of the honeycomb cells depends on the construction behavior of bees ▶     Francesco Nazzi     The hexagonal shape of the honey bee cells has attracted the attention of humans for centuries. It is now accepted that bees build cylindrical cells that later transform into …             Crystal structure of MytiLec, a galactose-binding lectin from the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis with cytotoxicity against certain cancer cell types ▶     Daiki Terada, Fumihiro Kawai, Hiroki Noguchi et al.     MytiLec is a lectin, isolated from bivalves, with cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines that express globotriaosyl ceramide, Galα(1,4)Galβ(1,4)Glcα1-Cer, on the cell …             The histone deacetylase inhibiting drug Entinostat induces lipid accumulation in differentiated HepaRG cells ▶     Abigail D. G. Nunn, Tullio Scopigno, Natalia Pediconi et al.     Dietary overload of toxic, free metabolic intermediates leads to disrupted insulin signalling and fatty liver disease. However, it was recently reported that this pathway might …             Corrigendum: Identification of Leishmania donovani Topoisomerase 1 inhibitors via intuitive scaffold hopping and bioisosteric modification of known Top 1 inhibitors ▶     Rajinikanth Mamidala, Papiya Majumdar, Kunal Kumar Jha et al.                 Corrigendum: Internal exposure dynamics drive the Adverse Outcome Pathways of synthetic glucocorticoids in fish ▶     Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci, Stewart F. Owen, Belinda Huerta et al.                 Transcriptional regulation of heat shock proteins and ascorbate peroxidase by CtHsfA2b from African bermudagrass conferring heat tolerance in Arabidopsis ▶     Xiuyun Wang, Wanlu Huang, Zhimin Yang et al.     Heat stress transcription factor A2s (HsfA2s) are key regulators in plant response to high temperature. Our objectives were to isolate an HsfA2 gene (CtHsfA2b) from a warm-season …             The mitochondrial protease AtFTSH4 safeguards Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem function ▶     Alicja Dolzblasz, Elwira Smakowska, Edyta M. Gola et al.     The shoot apical meristem (SAM) ensures continuous plant growth and organogenesis. In LD 30 °C, plants lacking AtFTSH4, an ATP-dependent mitochondrial protease that counteracts …             Key diffusion mechanisms involved in regulating bidirectional water permeation across E. coli outer membrane lectin ▶     Shivangi Sachdeva, Narendar Kolimi, Sanjana Anilkumar Nair et al.     Capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) are major bacterial virulent determinants that facilitate host immune evasion. E. coli group1 K30CPS is noncovalently attached to bacterial …             Generating a host range-expanded recombinant baculovirus ▶     Chunfeng Wu, Zihao Deng, Zhao Long et al.     As baculoviruses usually have a narrow insecticidal spectrum, knowing the mechanisms by which they control the host-range is prerequisite for improvement of their applications as …             Genomics of high molecular weight plasmids isolated from an on-farm biopurification system ▶     María C. Martini, Daniel Wibberg, Mauricio Lozano et al.     The use of biopurification systems (BPS) constitutes an efficient strategy to eliminate pesticides from polluted wastewaters from farm activities. BPS environments contain a high …             Mitochondrial fission is an acute and adaptive response in injured motor neurons ▶     Sumiko Kiryu-Seo, Hiromi Tamada, Yukina Kato et al.     Successful recovery from neuronal damage requires a huge energy supply, which is provided by mitochondria. However, the physiological relevance of mitochondrial dynamics in …             A quantitative metabolomics study of high sodium response in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation ▶     Xinhe Zhao, Stefan Condruz, Jingkui Chen et al.     Hemicellulose hydrolysates, sugar-rich feedstocks used in biobutanol refinery, are normally obtained by adding sodium hydroxide in the hydrolyze process. However, the resulting …             Establishment of bovine embryonic stem cells after knockdown of CDX2 ▶     Xia Wu, Miao Song, Xi Yang et al.     Bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs) have not been successfully established yet. One reason could be that CDX2, as the trophectoderm regulator, expresses in bovine inner cell mass …             Effect of Cocaine on HIV Infection and Inflammasome Gene Expression Profile in HIV Infected Macrophages ▶     Venkata Subba Rao Atluri, Sudheesh Pilakka-Kanthikeel, Gabriella Garcia et al.     We have observed significantly increased HIV infection in HIV infected macrophages in the presence of cocaine that could be due to the downregulation of BST2 restriction factor …             GeLC-MS-based proteomics of Chromobacterium violaceum: comparison of proteome changes elicited by hydrogen peroxide ▶     D. C. Lima, F. T. Duarte, V. K. S. Medeiros et al.     Chromobacterium violaceum is a free-living bacillus with several genes that enables it survival under different harsh environments such as oxidative and temperature stresses. …             Ultramicroscopy as a novel tool to unravel the tropism of AAV gene therapy vectors in the brain ▶     Sandro Alves, Julia Bode, Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans et al.     Recombinant adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have advanced to the vanguard of gene therapy. Numerous naturally occurring serotypes have been used to target cells in various …             Changes of multi-scale structure during mimicked DSC heating reveal the nature of starch gelatinization ▶     Shujun Wang, Xiu Zhang, Shuo Wang et al.     A thorough understanding of starch gelatinization is extremely important for precise control of starch functional properties for food processing and human nutrition. Here we …             Dual-color STED microscopy reveals a sandwich structure of Bassoon and Piccolo in active zones of adult and aged mice ▶     Hiroshi Nishimune, Yomna Badawi, Shuuichi Mori et al.     Presynaptic active zones play a pivotal role as synaptic vesicle release sites for synaptic transmission, but the molecular architecture of active zones in mammalian …             Sex Differences in the Recurrence Rate and Risk Factors for Primary Giant Cell Tumors Around the Knee in China ▶     Yongcheng Hu, Liming Zhao, Huilin Zhang et al.     Although giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is more common in women in Western countries, it tends to be more common in men in Asian countries. We aimed to determine the sex …             Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) Improve Heart Function in Swine Myocardial Infarction Model through Paracrine Effects ▶     Min Cai, Rui Shen, Lei Song et al.     Stem cells are promising for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) and large animal models should be used to better understand the full spectrum of stem cell actions and …             Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) regulates NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue ▶     Faiyaz Ahmad, Youn Wook Chung, Yan Tang et al.     Activation of inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT), includes infiltration/expansion of WAT macrophages, contributes pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, and …             Flow of Red Blood Cells in Stenosed Microvessels ▶     Koohyar Vahidkhah, Peter Balogh, Prosenjit Bagchi     A computational study is presented on the flow of deformable red blood cells in stenosed microvessels. It is observed that the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect is significantly enhanced …             Circulating Plasma microRNAs can differentiate Human Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) ▶     Stefano Caserta, Florian Kern, Jonathan Cohen et al.     Systemic inflammation in humans may be triggered by infection, termed sepsis, or non-infective processes, termed non-infective systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). …             F1 rotary motor of ATP synthase is driven by the torsionally-asymmetric drive shaft ▶     O. Kulish, A. D. Wright, E. M. Terentjev     F1F0 ATP synthase (ATPase) either facilitates the synthesis of ATP in a process driven by the proton moving force (pmf), or uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to pump protons …             TLR signaling adaptor protein MyD88 in primary sensory neurons contributes to persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation ▶     Xing-Jun Liu, Tong Liu, Gang Chen et al.     Increasing evidence suggests that neuro-immune and neuro-glial interactions are critically involved in chronic pain sensitization. It is well studied how immune/glial mediators …             Ribosome-associated Asc1/RACK1 is required for endonucleolytic cleavage induced by stalled ribosome at the 3′ end of nonstop mRNA ▶     Ken Ikeuchi, Toshifumi Inada     Dom34-Hbs1 stimulates degradation of aberrant mRNAs lacking termination codons by dissociating ribosomes stalled at the 3′ ends, and plays crucial roles in Nonstop Decay (NSD) …             Lipid Discovery by Combinatorial Screening and Untargeted LC-MS/MS ▶     Mesut Bilgin, Petra Born, Filomena Fezza et al.     We present a method for the systematic identification of picogram quantities of new lipids in total extracts of tissues and fluids. It relies on the modularity of lipid …             Red pepper powder is a crucial factor that influences the ontogeny of Weissella cibaria during kimchi fermentation ▶     Bo Kyoung Kang, Min Seok Cho, Dong Suk Park     Weissella cibaria has been found in Korean kimchi and other sources, including fermented foods, Greek salami, Spanish sausages, and animal and human excrement. W. cibaria was …             Embryonic Stem Cell Proliferation Stimulated By Altered Anabolic Metabolism From Glucose Transporter 2-Transported Glucosamine ▶     Jin Hyuk Jung, Kumiko Iwabuchi, Zhihong Yang et al.     The hexose transporter, GLUT2 (SLC2A2), which is expressed by mouse embryos, is important for survival before embryonic day 10.5, but its function in embryos is unknown. GLUT2 …             BRCA1-deficient breast cancer cell lines are resistant to MEK inhibitors and show distinct sensitivities to 6-thioguanine ▶     Yuexi Gu, Mikko Helenius, Kristiina Väänänen et al.     Germ-line or somatic inactivation of BRCA1 is a defining feature for a portion of human breast cancers. Here we evaluated the anti-proliferative activity of 198 FDA-approved and …             Two Figla homologues have disparate functions during sex differentiation in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) ▶     Hailong Li, Wenteng Xu, Ning Zhang et al.     Figla is a germ-cell-specific transcription factor associated with ovary development and differentiation. In vertebrates, one transcriptional form of Figla is commonly found. …             Single-domain flavoenzymes trigger lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases for oxidative degradation of cellulose ▶     Sona Garajova, Yann Mathieu, Maria Rosa Beccia et al.     The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) that carry out oxidative cleavage of …             Engineering of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase-based Escherichia coli biocatalyst for large scale biotransformation of ricinoleic acid into (Z)-11-(heptanoyloxy)undec-9-enoic acid ▶     Joo-Hyun Seo, Hwan-Hee Kim, Eun-Yeong Jeon et al.     Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are able to catalyze regiospecific Baeyer-Villiger oxygenation of a variety of cyclic and linear ketones to generate the corresponding …             The polyglutamine-expanded androgen receptor responsible for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy inhibits the APC/CCdh1 ubiquitin ligase complex ▶     Laura C. Bott, Florian A. Salomons, Dragan Maric et al.     Polyglutamine expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), an X-linked neuromuscular disease that is fully manifest only in males. It …             Light-sheet microscopy imaging of a whole cleared rat brain with Thy1-GFP transgene ▶     Marzena Stefaniuk, Emilio J. Gualda, Monika Pawlowska et al.     Whole-brain imaging with light-sheet fluorescence microscopy and optically cleared tissue is a new, rapidly developing research field. Whereas successful attempts to clear and …             Changes of flowering phenology and flower size in rosaceous plants from a biodiversity hotspot in the past century ▶     Qin Yu, Dong-Rui Jia, Bin Tian et al.     Responses of plant traits to climate changes are complex, which could be mirrored by the investigations of herbarium specimens. By examining specimens of Rosa and Cotoneaster …             Evolution of an intron-poor cluster of the CIPK gene family and expression in response to drought stress in soybean ▶     Kaikai Zhu, Fei Chen, Jinyi Liu et al.     Calcium ion is an intracellular messenger that plays a central role in signal transduction pathways. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases …             GhLTPG1, a cotton GPI-anchored lipid transfer protein, regulates the transport of phosphatidylinositol monophosphates and cotton fiber elongation ▶     Ting Deng, Hongyan Yao, Jin Wang et al.     The cotton fibers are seed trichomes that elongate from the ovule epidermis. Polar lipids are required for the quick enlargement of cell membrane and fiber cell growth, however, …             Metabolic adaptation of microbial communities to ammonium stress in a high solid anaerobic digester with dewatered sludge ▶     Xiaohu Dai, Han Yan, Ning Li et al.     A high solid digester with dewatered sludge was operated for 110 days to ascertain the interactions between bacterial and archaeal communities under ammonium stress, as well as …             Mixed release of two parasitoids and a polyphagous ladybird as a potential strategy to control the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci ▶     Xiaoling Tan, Nana Hu, Fan Zhang et al.     A mixed species release of parasitoids is used to suppress outbreaks of tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae); however, this biocontrol may be inhibited by …             Comparison of six commercial kits to extract bacterial chromosome and plasmid DNA for MiSeq sequencing ▶     Laura Becker, Matthias Steglich, Stephan Fuchs et al.     We compared commercial kits for extraction of genomic DNA from the Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae for subsequent Miseq sequencing. Purification of DNA was based on …             Genomic prediction models for grain yield of spring bread wheat in diverse agro-ecological zones ▶     C. Saint Pierre, J. Burgueño, J. Crossa et al.     Genomic and pedigree predictions for grain yield and agronomic traits were carried out using high density molecular data on a set of 803 spring wheat lines that were evaluated in …             Myeloid thrombomodulin lectin-like domain inhibits osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone loss ▶     Tsung-Lin Cheng, Chao-Han Lai, Shyh-Jou Shieh et al.     Osteoclastogenesis is an essential process during bone metabolism which can also be promoted by inflammatory signals. Thrombomodulin (TM), a transmembrane glycoprotein, exerts …             Au Nanocage Functionalized with Ultra-small Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Targeting T1–T2Dual MRI and CT Imaging of Tumor ▶     Guannan Wang, Wei Gao, Xuanjun Zhang et al.     Diagnostic approaches based on multimodal imaging of clinical noninvasive imaging (eg. MRI/CT scanner) are highly developed in recent years for accurate selection of the …             Integrated analysis of root microbiomes of soybean and wheat from agricultural fields ▶     Nicolás Rascovan, Belén Carbonetto, Diego Perrig et al.     Root associated bacteria are critical for plant growth and health. Understanding the composition and role of root microbiota is crucial toward agricultural practices that are …             Maintaining semen quality by improving cold chain equipment used in cattle artificial insemination ▶     Daniel Lieberman, Elizabeth McClure, Stephen Harston et al.     Artificial insemination of dairy cattle is a common practice in the developing world that can improve farmer incomes and food security. Maintaining the fertilizing potential of …             The method of purifying bioengineered spider silk determines the silk sphere properties ▶     Katarzyna Jastrzebska, Edyta Felcyn, Maciej Kozak et al.     Bioengineered spider silks are a biomaterial with great potential for applications in biomedicine. They are biocompatible,biodegradable and can self-assemble into films, …             IL-22 dampens the T cell response in experimental malaria ▶     Julie Sellau, Catherine Fuentes Alvarado, Stefan Hoenow et al.     A tight regulation between the pro– and anti–inflammatory immune responses during plasmodial infection is of crucial importance, since a disruption leads to severe malaria …             Molecular classification based on apomorphic amino acids (Arthropoda, Hexapoda): Integrative taxonomy in the era of phylogenomics ▶     Hao-Yang Wu, Yan-Hui Wang, Qiang Xie et al.     With the great development of sequencing technologies and systematic methods, our understanding of evolutionary relationships at deeper levels within the tree of life has greatly …             Single ingestion of soy β-conglycinin induces increased postprandial circulating FGF21 levels exerting beneficial health effects ▶     Tsutomu Hashidume, Asuka Kato, Tomohiro Tanaka et al.     Soy protein β-conglycinin has serum lipid-lowering and anti-obesity effects. We showed that single ingestion of β-conglycinin after fasting alters gene expression in mouse liver. …             Improvement of physical, chemical, and biological properties of aridisol from Botswana by the incorporation of torrefied biomass ▶     Tatsuki Ogura, Yasuhiro Date, Masego Masukujane et al.     Effective use of agricultural residual biomass may be beneficial for both local and global ecosystems. Recently, biochar has received attention as a soil enhancer, and its …             Antiproliferation of berberine is mediated by epigenetic modification of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) metabolic pathway in hepatoma cells ▶     Lei Zhang, Xiao-Jie Miao, Xin Wang et al.     Constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) regulates hepatic xenobiotic and energy metabolism, as well as promotes cell growth and hepatocarcinogenesis. Berberine is an ancient …             Interleukin-12 inhibits pathological neovascularization in mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy ▶     Yedi Zhou, Shigeo Yoshida, Yuki Kubo et al.     Hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization is a major pathological condition in many vision-threatening diseases. In the present study, we determined whether interleukin (IL)-12, …             Composition analysis of fractions of extracellular polymeric substances from an activated sludge culture and identification of dominant forces affecting microbial aggregation ▶     Xuan Guo, Xu Wang, Junxin Liu     Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) appear to play a critical role in the formation of bioaggregates, such as sludge flocs, in activated sludge processes. Here, we …             Association, characterisation and meta-analysis of SNPs linked to general reading ability in a German dyslexia case-control cohort ▶     Bent Müller, Arndt Wilcke, Ivonne Czepezauer et al.     Dyslexia is a severe disorder in the acquisition of reading and writing. Several studies investigated the role of genetics for reading, writing and spelling ability in the …             Highly potent intracellular membrane-associated Aβ seeds ▶     Anne-Marie Marzesco, Matthias Flötenmeyer, Anika Bühler et al.     An early event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis is the formation of extracellular aggregates of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), thought to be initiated by a prion-like seeding …             Robust Denaturation of Villin Headpiece by MoS2 Nanosheet: Potential Molecular Origin of the Nanotoxicity ▶     Zonglin Gu, Zaixing Yang, Seung-gu Kang et al.     MoS2 nanosheet, a new two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides nanomaterial, has attracted significant attentions lately due to many potential promising biomedical …             pol-miR-731, a teleost miRNA upregulated by megalocytivirus, negatively regulates virus-induced type I interferon response, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest ▶     Bao-cun Zhang, Ze-jun Zhou, Li Sun     Megalocytivirus is a DNA virus that is highly infectious in a wide variety of marine and freshwater fish, including Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), a flatfish that is …             FEV manoeuvre induced changes in breath VOC compositions: an unconventional view on lung function tests ▶     Pritam Sukul, Jochen K. Schubert, Peter Oertel et al.     Breath volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis can open a non-invasive window onto pathological and metabolic processes in the body. Decades of clinical breath-gas analysis have …             The evolution of genes encoding for green fluorescent proteins: insights from cephalochordates (amphioxus) ▶     Jia-Xing Yue, Nicholas D. Holland, Linda Z. Holland et al.     Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) was originally found in cnidarians, and later in copepods and cephalochordates (amphioxus) (Branchiostoma spp). Here, we looked for GFP-encoding …             Long-term exposure to abnormal glucose levels alters drug metabolism pathways and insulin sensitivity in primary human hepatocytes ▶     Matthew D. Davidson, Kimberly R. Ballinger, Salman R. Khetani     Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus has been linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which can progress to inflammation, fibrosis/cirrhosis, and hepatocellular …             Organic bioelectronics probing conformational changes in surface confined proteins ▶     Eleonora Macchia, Domenico Alberga, Kyriaki Manoli et al.     The study of proteins confined on a surface has attracted a great deal of attention due to its relevance in the development of bio-systems for laboratory and clinical settings. …             Urban particulate matter down-regulates filaggrin via COX2 expression/PGE2 production leading to skin barrier dysfunction ▶     Chiang-Wen Lee, Zih-Chan Lin, Stephen Chu-Sung Hu et al.     We explored the regulation of filaggrin, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) expression induced by urban particulate matter (PM) in human keratinocytes. In …             A novel TP53 pathway influences the HGS-mediated exosome formation in colorectal cancer ▶     Yulin Sun, Weiwei Zheng, Zhengguang Guo et al.     Tumor-derived exosomes are important for cell-cell communication. However, the role of TP53 in the control of exosome production in colorectal cancer (CRC) is controversial and …             IgG1 Fc N-glycan galactosylation as a biomarker for immune activation ▶     Sanne E. de Jong, Maurice H. J. Selman, Ayola A. Adegnika et al.     Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc N-glycosylation affects antibody-mediated effector functions and varies with inflammation rooted in both communicable and non-communicable diseases. …             Heat shock protein 90 is required for sexual and asexual development, virulence, and heat shock response in Fusarium graminearum ▶     Duc-Cuong Bui, Yoonji Lee, Jae Yun Lim et al.     Eukaryotic cells repress global translation and selectively upregulate stress response proteins by altering multiple steps in gene expression. In this study, genome-wide …             Respiratory metabolism and calorie restriction relieve persistent endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by calcium shortage in yeast ▶     Stefano Busti, Valeria Mapelli, Farida Tripodi et al.     Calcium homeostasis is crucial to eukaryotic cell survival. By acting as an enzyme cofactor and a second messenger in several signal transduction pathways, the calcium ion …             GPS-Lipid: a robust tool for the prediction of multiple lipid modification sites ▶     Yubin Xie, Yueyuan Zheng, Hongyu Li et al.     As one of the most common post-translational modifications in eukaryotic cells, lipid modification is an important mechanism for the regulation of variety aspects of protein …             Fatal canine distemper virus infection of giant pandas in China ▶     Na Feng, Yicong Yu, Tiecheng Wang et al.     We report an outbreak of canine distemper virus (CDV) infection among endangered giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Five of six CDV infected giant pandas died. The surviving …             A Novel Long-term, Multi-Channel and Non-invasive Electrophysiology Platform for Zebrafish ▶     SoonGweon Hong, Philip Lee, Scott C. Baraban et al.     Zebrafish are a popular vertebrate model for human neurological disorders and drug discovery. Although fecundity, breeding convenience, genetic homology and optical transparency …             IgE-mediated enhancement of CD4+ T cell responses requires antigen presentation by CD8α− conventional dendritic cells ▶     Zhoujie Ding, Joakim S. Dahlin, Hui Xu et al.     IgE, forming an immune complex with small proteins, can enhance the specific antibody and CD4+ T cell responses in vivo. The effects require the presence of CD23 (Fcε-receptor II)…             Rhizobial gibberellin negatively regulates host nodule number ▶     Yohei Tatsukami, Mitsuyoshi Ueda     In legume–rhizobia symbiosis, the nodule number is controlled to ensure optimal growth of the host. In Lotus japonicus, the nodule number has been considered to be tightly …             PIERCE1 is critical for specification of left-right asymmetry in mice ▶     Young Hoon Sung, In-Jeoung Baek, Yong Hwan Kim et al.     The specification of left-right asymmetry of the visceral organs is precisely regulated. The earliest breakage of left-right symmetry occurs as the result of leftward flow …             Molecular analysis of fungal populations in patients with oral candidiasis using next-generation sequencing ▶     Yumi Imabayashi, Masafumi Moriyama, Toru Takeshita et al.     Oral candidiasis is closely associated with changes in oral fungal biodiversity and is caused primarily by Candida albicans. However, the widespread use of empiric and …             Persistent neuronal Ube3a expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of Angelman syndrome model mice ▶     Kelly A. Jones, Ji Eun Han, Jason P. DeBruyne et al.     Mutations or deletions of the maternal allele of the UBE3A gene cause Angelman syndrome (AS), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder. The paternal UBE3A/Ube3a allele becomes …             Identification of structurally closely related monosaccharide and disaccharide isomers by PMP labeling in conjunction with IM-MS/MS ▶     Hongmei Yang, Lei Shi, Xiaoyu Zhuang et al.     It remains particularly difficult for gaining unambiguous information on anomer, linkage, and position isomers of oligosaccharides using conventional mass spectrometry (MS) …             Diversity in tooth eruption and life history in humans: illustration from a Pygmy population ▶     Fernando Ramirez Rozzi     Life history variables (LHV) in primates are closely correlated with the ages of tooth eruption, which are a useful proxy to predict growth and development in extant and extinct …             Facile and scalable disposable sensor based on laser engraved graphene for electrochemical detection of glucose ▶     Farshad Tehrani, Behzad Bavarian     A novel and highly sensitive disposable glucose sensor strip was developed using direct laser engraved graphene (DLEG) decorated with pulse deposited copper nanocubes (CuNCs). …             Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) Subunit p110δ Is Essential for Trophoblast Cell Differentiation and Placental Development in Mouse ▶     Xiwen Hu, Jiangchao Li, Qianqian Zhang et al.     Maternal PI3K p110δ has been implicated in smaller litter sizes in mice, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The placenta is an indispensable chimeric organ that …             Multigene disruption in undomesticated Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051a using the CRISPR/Cas9 system ▶     Kang Zhang, Xuguo Duan, Jing Wu     Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051a is an undomesticated strain used in the industrial production of enzymes. Because it is poorly transformable, genetic manipulation in this strain …             Male-biased sex ratio does not promote increased sperm competitiveness in the seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus ▶     Kathryn B. McNamara, Stephen P. Robinson, Márta E. Rosa et al.     Sperm competition risk and intensity can select for adaptations that increase male fertilisation success. Evolutionary responses are examined typically by generating increased …             Clostridium perfringens α-Toxin Impairs Innate Immunity via Inhibition of Neutrophil Differentiation ▶     Masaya Takehara, Teruhisa Takagishi, Soshi Seike et al.     Although granulopoiesis is accelerated to suppress bacteria during infection, some bacteria can still cause life-threatening infections, but the mechanism behind this remains …             Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Reproductive Success is Influenced by Krill (Euphausia superba) Density and Climate ▶     Elisa Seyboth, Karina R. Groch, Luciano Dalla Rosa et al.     The reproductive success of southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) depends on body condition and, therefore, on foraging success. This, in turn, might be affected by …             Chronic rapamycin treatment on the nutrient utilization and metabolism of juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) ▶     Qingchao Wang, Gen He, Kangsen Mai et al.     High dietary protein inclusion is necessary in fish feeds and also represents a major cost in the aquaculture industry, which demands improved dietary conversion into body …             Formation of visual memories controlled by gamma power phase-locked to alpha oscillations ▶     Hyojin Park, Dong Soo Lee, Eunjoo Kang et al.     Neuronal oscillations provide a window for understanding the brain dynamics that organize the flow of information from sensory to memory areas. While it has been suggested that …             Scoparone affects lipid metabolism in primary hepatocytes using lipidomics ▶     Aihua Zhang, Shi Qiu, Hui Sun et al.     Lipidomics, which focuses on the global study of molecular lipids in biological systems, could provide valuable insights about disease mechanisms. In this study, we present a …             Contribution of mono and polysaccharides to heterotrophic N2 fixation at the eastern Mediterranean coastline ▶     E. Rahav, M. J. Giannetto, E. Bar-Zeev     N2 fixation should be a critical process in the nitrogen-poor surface water of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Despite favorable conditions, diazotroph abundance and N2 fixation …             Collapse of a lipid-coated nanobubble and subsequent liposome formation ▶     Kenichiro Koshiyama, Shigeo Wada     We investigate the collapse of a lipid-coated nanobubble and subsequent formation of a lipid vesicle by coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations. A spherical nanobubble …             Rapidly Probing Antibacterial Activity of Graphene Oxide by Mass Spectrometry-based Metabolite Fingerprinting ▶     Ning Zhang, Jian Hou, Suming Chen et al.     Application of nanomaterials as anti-bacteria agents has aroused great attention. To investigate the antibacterial activity and antibacterial mechanism of nanomaterials from a …             Combination therapy with polymyxin B and netropsin against clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ▶     Joon-hui Chung, Abhayprasad Bhat, Chang-Jin Kim et al.     Polymyxins are last-resort antibiotics for treating infections of Gram-negative bacteria. The recent emergence of polymyxin-resistant bacteria, however, urgently demands clinical …             Reward disrupts reactivated human skill memory ▶     Eran Dayan, Rony Laor-Maayany, Nitzan Censor     Accumulating evidence across species and memory domains shows that when an existing memory is reactivated, it becomes susceptible to modifications. However, the potential role of …             Arm Selection Preference of MicroRNA-193a Varies in Breast Cancer ▶     Kuo-Wang Tsai, Chung-Man Leung, Yi-Hao Lo et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs derived from the 3′ and 5′ ends of the same precursor. However, the biological function and mechanism of miRNA arm expression …             Profiling of differentially expressed microRNAs in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy ▶     Hongliang Zhang, Shenghua Liu, Tianwei Dong et al.     Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a kind of primary cardiomyopathy characterized by the fibro-fatty replacement of right ventricular myocardium. …             Uncovering ancient transcription systems with a novel evolutionary indicator ▶     Naruhiko Adachi, Toshiya Senda, Masami Horikoshi     TBP and TFIIB are evolutionarily conserved transcription initiation factors in archaea and eukaryotes. Information about their ancestral genes would be expected to provide …             Endomembrane-associated RSD-3 is important for RNAi induced by extracellular silencing RNA in both somatic and germ cells of Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Rieko Imae, Katsufumi Dejima, Eriko Kage-Nakadai et al.     RNA silencing signals in C. elegans spread among cells, leading to RNAi throughout the body. During systemic spread of RNAi, membrane trafficking is thought to play important …             The feeding habit of sea turtles influences their reaction to artificial marine debris ▶     Takuya Fukuoka, Misaki Yamane, Chihiro Kinoshita et al.     Ingestion of artificial debris is considered as a significant stress for wildlife including sea turtles. To investigate how turtles react to artificial debris under natural …             Suppressing male spermatogenesis-associated protein 5-like gene expression reduces vitellogenin gene expression and fecundity in Nilaparvata lugens Stål ▶     Lin-Quan Ge, Ting Xia, Bo Huang et al.     In our previous study with the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, triazophos (tzp) treatments led to substantial up-regulation of a male spermatogenesis-associated …             An Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter adhesin reaped from cells exhibits its nonspecific stickiness via a highly stable 3D structure ▶     Shogo Yoshimoto, Hajime Nakatani, Keita Iwasaki et al.     Trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs), cell surface proteins of Gram-negative bacteria, mediate bacterial adhesion to host cells and extracellular matrix proteins. However, …             Genetics affects choice of academic subjects as well as achievement ▶     Kaili Rimfeld, Ziada Ayorech, Philip S. Dale et al.     We have previously shown that individual differences in educational achievement are highly heritable throughout compulsory education. After completing compulsory education at age …             Genetic structure of Populus hybrid zone along the Irtysh River provides insight into plastid-nuclear incompatibility ▶     Yan-Fei Zeng, Jian-Guo Zhang, Ai-Guo Duan et al.     In plants, the maintenance of species integrity despite hybridization has often been explained by the co-adaption of nuclear gene complexes. However, the interaction between …             Exercise in an electrotactic flow chamber ameliorates age-related degeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Han-Sheng Chuang, Wan-Jung Kuo, Chia-Lin Lee et al.     Degeneration is a senescence process that occurs in all living organisms. Although tremendous efforts have been exerted to alleviate this degenerative tendency, minimal progress …             Environmental enrichment induces behavioural disturbances in neuropeptide Y knockout mice ▶     Florian Reichmann, Vanessa Wegerer, Piyush Jain et al.     Environmental enrichment (EE) refers to the provision of a complex and stimulating housing condition which improves well-being, behaviour and brain function of laboratory …             Body fat mobilization in early lactation influences methane production of dairy cows ▶     A. Bielak, M. Derno, A. Tuchscherer et al.     Long-chain fatty acids mobilized during early lactation of dairy cows are increasingly used as energy substrate at the expense of acetate. As the synthesis of acetate in the …             Expression of AtMed15 of Arabidopsis in yeast causes flocculation and increases ethanol production in yeast culture ▶     Pradeep Dahiya, Divya S. Bhat, Jitendra K. Thakur     Mediator, a multiprotein complex involved in transcription of class II genes, was first discovered in yeast and then characterized in many metazoans revealing a striking …             58-F, a flavanone from Ophiopogon japonicus, prevents hepatocyte death by decreasing lysosomal membrane permeability ▶     Xiaofeng Yan, Tingjie Ye, Xudong Hu et al.     Lysosome membrane permeabilization (LMP) has been implicated in cell death. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between cell death and H2O2-/CCl4-induced LMP …             Mobilisation and dysfunction of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells after Listonella anguillarum infection in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis ▶     Xin-Jiang Lu, Qiang Chen, Ye-Jing Rong et al.     Haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can mobilise into blood and produce immune cell lineages following stress. However, the homeostasis and function of HSPCs after …             Distinct transcriptome profiles reveal gene expression patterns during fruit development and maturation in five main cultivated species of pear (Pyrus L.) ▶     Ming-Yue Zhang, Cheng Xue, Linlin Xu et al.     The transcriptomes of five pear cultivars, ‘Hosui’ (P. pyrifolia), ‘Yali’ (P. bretschneideri), ‘Kuerlexiangli’ (P. sinkiangensis), ‘Nanguoli’ (P. ussuriensis), and ‘Starkrimson’ (…             Enhance nisin yield via improving acid-tolerant capability of Lactococcus lactis F44 ▶     Jian Zhang, Qinggele Caiyin, Wenjing Feng et al.     Traditionally, nisin was produced industrially by using Lactococcus lactis in the neutral fermentation process. However, nisin showed higher activity in the acidic environment. …             Thyroglobulin fluctuations in patients with iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma on lenvatinib treatment – initial experience ▶     R. A. Werner, K. Lückerath, J. S. Schmid et al.     Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have shown clinical effectiveness in iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The corresponding role of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) in …             Venlafaxine treatment reduces the deficit of executive control of attention in patients with major depressive disorder ▶     Yanghua Tian, Jing Du, Alfredo Spagna et al.     Attention plays an essential role in supporting other cognitive functions and behavior, and disturbance of attention is one of the most common symptoms in major depressive …             A rapid and practical technique for real-time monitoring of biomolecular interactions using mechanical responses of macromolecules ▶     Mehmet C. Tarhan, Nicolas Lafitte, Yannick Tauran et al.     Monitoring biological reactions using the mechanical response of macromolecules is an alternative approach to immunoassays for providing real-time information about the …             A fast and low-cost genotyping method for hepatitis B virus based on pattern recognition in point-of-care settings ▶     Xianbo Qiu, Liuwei Song, Shuo Yang et al.     A fast and low-cost method for HBV genotyping especially for genotypes A, B, C and D was developed and tested. A classifier was used to detect and analyze a one-step immunoassay …             Polarizability of the active site of cytochrome c reduces the activation barrier for electron transfer ▶     Mohammadhasan Dinpajooh, Daniel R. Martin, Dmitry V. Matyushov     Enzymes in biology’s energy chains operate with low energy input distributed through multiple electron transfer steps between protein active sites. The general challenge of …             Naïve CD8+ T cell derived tumor-specific cytotoxic effectors as a potential remedy for overcoming TGF-β immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment ▶     Hong Hanh Nguyen, Therasa Kim, Sang Yun Song et al.     Despite of the potential implications for cancer immunotherapy, conventional approaches using in vitro expanded CD8+ T cells have suboptimal outcomes, mostly due to loss of …             Monitoring tetracycline through a solid-state nanopore sensor ▶     Yuechuan Zhang, Yanling Chen, Yongqi Fu et al.     Antibiotics as emerging environmental contaminants, are widely used in both human and veterinary medicines. A solid-state nanopore sensing method is reported in this article to …             Multi-class texture analysis in colorectal cancer histology ▶     Jakob Nikolas Kather, Cleo-Aron Weis, Francesco Bianconi et al.     Automatic recognition of different tissue types in histological images is an essential part in the digital pathology toolbox. Texture analysis is commonly used to address this …             The Influence of Cognitive Load on Empathy and Intention in Response to Infant Crying ▶     Daiki Hiraoka, Michio Nomura     Many studies have explored risk factors for child maltreatment, but little research has focused on situational risk factors such as cognitive load, which involves …             Systems pharmacology to investigate the interaction of berberine and other drugs in treating polycystic ovary syndrome ▶     Yu Wang, Xin Fu, Jing Xu et al.     Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common multifactorial endocrine disorder among women of childbearing age. PCOS has various and heterogeneous clinical features apart from …             Continous application of bioorganic fertilizer induced resilient culturable bacteria community associated with banana Fusarium wilt suppression ▶     Lin Fu, Yunze Ruan, Chengyuan Tao et al.     Fusarium wilt of banana always drives farmers to find new land for banana cultivation due to the comeback of the disease after a few cropping years. A novel idea for solving this …             Association of Increased Serum Leptin with Ameliorated Anemia and Malnutrition in Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease Patients after Parathyroidectomy ▶     Yao Jiang, Jingjing Zhang, Yanggang Yuan et al.     Leptin is an adipokine that regulates various metabolism, but its association with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), a clinical manifestation of chronic kidney …             Nasal commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis counteracts influenza virus ▶     Hui-Wen Chen, Pei-Feng Liu, Yu-Tsueng Liu et al.     Several microbes, including Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), a Gram-positive bacterium, live inside the human nasal cavity as commensals. The role of these nasal …             Complement gene variants in relation to autoantibodies to beta cell specific antigens and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY Study ▶     Carina Törn, Xiang Liu, William Hagopian et al.     A total of 15 SNPs within complement genes and present on the ImmunoChip were analyzed in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. A total of 5474 …             The adaptor protein DCAF7 mediates the interaction of the adenovirus E1A oncoprotein with the protein kinases DYRK1A and HIPK2 ▶     Florian Glenewinkel, Michael J. Cohen, Cason R. King et al.     DYRK1A is a constitutively active protein kinase that has a critical role in growth and development which functions by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and …             FACS-sorted putative oogonial stem cells from the ovary are neither DDX4-positive nor germ cells ▶     Larissa Zarate-Garcia, Simon I. R. Lane, Julie A. Merriman et al.     Whether the adult mammalian ovary contains oogonial stem cells (OSCs) is controversial. They have been isolated by a live-cell sorting method using the germ cell marker DDX4, …             β-arrestin-1 contributes to brown fat function and directly interacts with PPARα and PPARγ ▶     Congcong Wang, Xianglu Zeng, Zhaocai Zhou et al.     The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family plays central roles in brown adipose tissue (BAT) adipogenesis and contributes to body temperature maintenance. The …             Concurrent environmental stressors and jellyfish stings impair caged European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) physiological performances ▶     Mar Bosch-Belmar, Folco Giomi, Alessandro Rinaldi et al.     The increasing frequency of jellyfish outbreaks in coastal areas has led to multiple ecological and socio-economic issues, including mass mortalities of farmed fish. We …             Autophagy induction targeting mTORC1 enhances Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in HIV co-infected human macrophages ▶     Anna-Maria Andersson, Blanka Andersson, Christoffer Lorell et al.     To survive and replicate in macrophages Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has developed strategies to subvert host defence mechanisms, including autophagy. Autophagy induction has …             A Genome-wide Study of “Non-3UTR” Polyadenylation Sites in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Cheng Guo, Matthew Spinelli, Man Liu et al.     Alternative polyadenylation has been recognized as a key contributor of gene expression regulation by generating different transcript isoforms with altered 3′ ends. Although …             Performance and cross-crop resistance of Cry1F-maize selected Spodoptera frugiperda on transgenic Bt cotton: implications for resistance management ▶     Fei Yang, David L. Kerns, Sebe Brown et al.     Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins have become a primary tool in pest management. Due to the intensive use of Bt crops, resistance of the fall …             Significance of 1B and 2B domains in modulating elastic properties of lamin A ▶     Manindra Bera, Sri Rama Koti Ainavarapu, Kaushik Sengupta     Nuclear lamins are type V intermediate filament proteins which form an elastic meshwork underlying the inner nuclear membrane. Lamins directly contribute to maintain the nuclear …             Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail of proteasome subunit α7 is required for binding of the proteasome quality control factor Ecm29 ▶     Prashant S. Wani, Anjana Suppahia, Xavier Capalla et al.     The proteasome degrades many short-lived proteins that are labeled with an ubiquitin chain. The identification of phosphorylation sites on the proteasome subunits suggests that …             Longitudinal monitoring of immunoglobulin A glycosylation during pregnancy by simultaneous MALDI-FTICR-MS analysis of N- and O-glycopeptides ▶     Albert Bondt, Simone Nicolardi, Bas C. Jansen et al.     Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a glycoprotein of which altered glycosylation has been associated with several pathologies. Conventional methods for IgA N- and O-glycosylation analysis …             Fusing simulation and experiment: The effect of mutations on the structure and activity of the influenza fusion peptide ▶     Diana Lousa, Antónia R. T. Pinto, Bruno L. Victor et al.     During the infection process, the influenza fusion peptide (FP) inserts into the host membrane, playing a crucial role in the fusion process between the viral and host membranes. …             Why do Varroa mites prefer nurse bees? ▶     Xianbing Xie, Zachary Y. Huang, Zhijiang Zeng     The Varroa mite, Varroa destructor, is an acarine ecto-parasite on Apis mellifera. It is the worst pest of Apis mellifera, yet its reproductive biology on the host is not well …             Effects of short-term grazing exclusion on plant phenology and reproductive succession in a Tibetan alpine meadow ▶     Juntao Zhu, Yangjian Zhang, Yaojie Liu     Grazing exclusion (GE) has been widely considered as an effective avenue for restoring degraded grasslands throughout the world. GE, via modifying abiotic and biotic …             Involvement of miR-15a in G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest Induced by Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Replication ▶     Rong Quan, Li Wei, Shanshan Zhu et al.     Many viruses exploit the host cell division cycle to favour their own growth. Here we demonstrated that porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), which is a major causative agent of an …             Human Food Safety Implications of Variation in Food Animal Drug Metabolism ▶     Zhoumeng Lin, Christopher I. Vahl, Jim E. Riviere     Violative drug residues in animal-derived foods are a global food safety concern. The use of a fixed main metabolite to parent drug (M/D) ratio determined in healthy animals to …             Topological constraints of structural elements in regulation of catalytic activity in HDV-like self-cleaving ribozymes ▶     Chiu-Ho T. Webb, Dang Nguyen, Marie Myszka et al.     Self-cleaving ribozymes fold into intricate structures, which orient active site groups into catalytically competent conformations. Most ribozyme families have distinct catalytic …             Effectors and potential targets selectively upregulated in human KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinomas ▶     Jinyu Li, Raffaella Sordella, Scott Powers     Genetic and proteomic analysis of human tumor samples can provide an important compliment to information obtained from model systems. Here we examined protein and gene expression …             Climate-driven C4 plant distributions in China: divergence in C4 taxa ▶     Renzhong Wang, Linna Ma     There have been debates on the driving factors of C4 plant expansion, such as PCO2 decline in the late Micocene and warmer climate and precipitation at large-scale modern …             Fast and high resolution single-cell BRET imaging ▶     Elise Goyet, Nathalie Bouquier, Vincent Ollendorff et al.     Resonance Energy Transfer (RET)-based technologies are used to report protein-protein interactions in living cells. Among them, Bioluminescence-initiated RET (BRET) provides …             An Embodied Brain Model of the Human Foetus ▶     Yasunori Yamada, Hoshinori Kanazawa, Sho Iwasaki et al.     Cortical learning via sensorimotor experiences evoked by bodily movements begins as early as the foetal period. However, the learning mechanisms by which sensorimotor experiences …             Cotton fiber tips have diverse morphologies and show evidence of apical cell wall synthesis ▶     Michael R. Stiff , Candace H. Haigler     Cotton fibers arise through highly anisotropic expansion of a single seed epidermal cell. We obtained evidence that apical cell wall synthesis occurs through examining the tips …             Diet-dependent, microbiota-independent regulation of IL-10-producing lamina propria macrophages in the small intestine ▶     Takanori Ochi, Yongjia Feng, Sho Kitamoto et al.     Intestinal resident macrophages (Mϕs) regulate gastrointestinal homeostasis via production of an anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10. Although a constant replenishment …             Estimating Potency in High-Throughput Screening Experiments by Maximizing the Rate of Change in Weighted Shannon Entropy ▶     Keith R. Shockley     High-throughput in vitro screening experiments can be used to generate concentration-response data for large chemical libraries. It is often desirable to estimate the …             From multiple pathogenicity islands to a unique organized pathogenicity archipelago ▶     Costas Bouyioukos, Sylvie Reverchon, François Képès     Pathogenicity islands are sets of successive genes in a genome that determine the virulence of a bacterium. In a growing number of studies, bacterial virulence appears to be …             Acidic extracellular pH of tumors induces octamer-binding transcription factor 4 expression in murine fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo ▶     Avik Som, Sharon Bloch, Joseph E. Ippolito et al.     Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4) is an important marker of cellular de-differentiation that can be induced by environmental stressors, such as acidity. Here we …             The cleaved FAS ligand activates the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 through Akt/ROCK1 to stimulate cell motility ▶     Michael Monet, Mallorie Poët, Sébastien Tauzin et al.     Transmembrane CD95L (Fas ligand) can be cleaved to release a promigratory soluble ligand, cl-CD95L, which can contribute to chronic inflammation and cancer cell dissemination. …             Characterisation of light responses in the retina of mice lacking principle components of rod, cone and melanopsin phototransduction signalling pathways ▶     Steven Hughes, Jessica Rodgers, Doron Hickey et al.     Gnat−/−, Cnga3−/−, Opn4−/− triple knockout (TKO) mice lack essential components of phototransduction signalling pathways present in rods, cones and photosensitive retinal …             Interaction of tRNA with MEK2 in pancreatic cancer cells ▶     Xiaoyun Wang, Christina R. Chow, Kazumi Ebine et al.     Although the translational function of tRNA has long been established, extra translational functions of tRNA are still being discovered. We previously developed a computational …             A humanized anti-DLL4 antibody promotes dysfunctional angiogenesis and inhibits breast tumor growth ▶     Xuelian Jia, Wenyi Wang, Zhuobin Xu et al.     Blockage of Delta-like 4 (DLL4)-directed Notch signaling induces excessive tip cell formation and endothelial proliferation resulting in dysfunctional angiogenesis in tumors. …             Conformational flexibility related to enzyme activity: evidence for a dynamic active-site gatekeeper function of Tyr215 in Aerococcus viridans lactate oxidase ▶     Thomas Stoisser, Michael Brunsteiner, David K. Wilson et al.     L-Lactate oxidase (LOX) belongs to a large family of flavoenzymes that catalyze oxidation of α-hydroxy acids. How in these enzymes the protein structure controls reactivity …             The T-box transcription factor Midline regulates wing development by repressing wingless and hedgehog in Drosophila ▶     Chong-Lei Fu, Xian-Feng Wang, Qian Cheng et al.     Wingless (Wg) and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways are key players in animal development. However, regulation of the expression of wg and hh are not well understood. Here, we …             Arm crossing updates brain functional connectivity of the left posterior parietal cortex ▶     Hiroki Ora, Makoto Wada, David Salat et al.     The unusual configuration of body parts can cause illusions. For example, when tactile stimuli are delivered to crossed arms a reversal of subjective temporal ordering occurs. …             Structure of neprilysin in complex with the active metabolite of sacubitril ▶     Nikolaus Schiering, Allan D’Arcy, Frederic Villard et al.     Sacubitril is an ethyl ester prodrug of LBQ657, the active neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor, and a component of LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan). We report herein the three-dimensional …             Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced rat acute lung injury via suppressing the ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways ▶     Yingchuan Li, Zhen Zeng, Yongmei Cao et al.     Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by severe sepsis remains a major challenge in intensive care medicine. ACE2 has been shown to protect against lung injury. …             Solute carrier 41A3 encodes for a mitochondrial Mg2+ efflux system ▶     Lucia Mastrototaro, Alina Smorodchenko, Jörg R. Aschenbach et al.     The important role of magnesium (Mg2+) in normal cellular physiology requires flexible, yet tightly regulated, intracellular Mg2+ homeostasis (IMH). However, only little is known …             A complementary role of intracortical inhibition in age-related tactile degradation and its remodelling in humans ▶     Burkhard Pleger, Claudia Wilimzig, Volkmar Nicolas et al.     Many attempts are currently underway to restore age-related degraded perception, however, the link between restored perception and remodeled brain function remains elusive. To …             Exploring host-pathogen interactions through genome wide protein microarray analysis ▶     Luigi Scietti, Katia Sampieri, Irene Pinzuti et al.     During bacterial pathogenesis extensive contacts between the human and the bacterial extracellular proteomes take place. The identification of novel host-pathogen interactions by …             Specific impacts of beech and Norway spruce on the structure and diversity of the rhizosphere and soil microbial communities ▶     S. Uroz, P. Oger, E. Tisserand et al.     The impacts of plant species on the microbial communities and physico-chemical characteristics of soil are well documented for many herbs, grasses and legumes but much less so …             Effects of acute spinalization on neurons of postural networks ▶     Pavel V. Zelenin, Vladimir F. Lyalka, Li-Ju Hsu et al.     Postural limb reflexes (PLRs) represent a substantial component of postural corrections. Spinalization results in loss of postural functions, including disappearance of PLRs. The …             Characterization of different CTC subpopulations in non-small cell lung cancer ▶     Annkathrin Hanssen, Jenny Wagner, Tobias M. Gorges et al.     Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) serve as valuable biomarkers. However, EpCAM positive CTCs are less frequently detected in NSCLC patients compared to other epithelial tumours. …             Optoacoustic effect is responsible for laser-induced cochlear responses ▶     N. Kallweit, P. Baumhoff, A. Krueger et al.     Optical stimulation of the cochlea with laser light has been suggested as an alternative to conventional treatment of sensorineural hearing loss with cochlear implants. The …             Translational and post-translational regulation of mouse cation transport regulator homolog 1 ▶     Yuki Nomura, Yoko Hirata, Kazutoshi Kiuchi et al.     Cation transport regulator homolog 1 (Chac1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducible gene that has a function as a γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase involved in the …             Mismatch of Low Perfusion and High Permeability Predicts Hemorrhagic Transformation Region in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated with Intra-arterial Thrombolysis ▶     Hui Chen, Nan Liu, Ying Li et al.     This study sought to determine whether the permeability related parameter Ktrans, derived from computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging, can predict hemorrhagic transformation …             NutriPhone: a mobile platform for low-cost point-of-care quantification of vitamin B12 concentrations ▶     Seoho Lee, Dakota O’Dell, Jess Hohenstein et al.     Vitamin B12 is necessary for formation of red blood cells, DNA synthesis, neural myelination, brain development, and growth. Vitamin B12 deficiency is often asymptomatic early in …             Inhibition of endosomal fusion activity of influenza virus by Rheum tanguticum (da-huang) ▶     Ta-Jen Lin, Chwan-Fwu Lin, Cheng-Hsun Chiu et al.     Rhubarb (Rheum tanguticum; da-huang in Chinese medicine) is a herbal medicine that has been used widely for managing fever and removing toxicity. In this study, we investigated …             CREBH-FGF21 axis improves hepatic steatosis by suppressing adipose tissue lipolysis ▶     Jong-Gil Park, Xu Xu, Sungyun Cho et al.     Adipose tissue lipolysis produces glycerol and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) that serve as energy sources during nutrient scarcity. Adipose tissue lipolysis is tightly …             IGF-1 protects tubular epithelial cells during injury via activation of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway ▶     Zengbin Wu, Yang Yu, Lei Niu et al.     Injury of renal tubular epithelial cells can induce acute renal failure and obstructive nephropathy. Previous studies have shown that administration of insulin-like growth …             A unique coral biomineralization pattern has resisted 40 million years of major ocean chemistry change ▶     Jarosław Stolarski, Francesca R. Bosellini, Carden C. Wallace et al.     Today coral reefs are threatened by changes to seawater conditions associated with rapid anthropogenic global climate change. Yet, since the Cenozoic, these organisms have …             Biomedical-grade, high mannuronic acid content (BioMVM) alginate enhances the proteoglycan production of primary human meniscal fibrochondrocytes in a 3-D microenvironment ▶     Ana Rey-Rico, Angelique Klich, Magali Cucchiarini et al.     Alginates are important hydrogels for meniscus tissue engineering as they support the meniscal fibrochondrocyte phenotype and proteoglycan production, the extracellular matrix …             CRACM3 regulates the stability of non-excitable exocytotic vesicle fusion pores in a Ca2+-independent manner via molecular interaction with syntaxin4 ▶     Shuang Liu, Muhammad Novrizal Abdi Sahid, Erika Takemasa et al.     Ca2+ release-activated calcium channel 3 (CRACM3) is a unique member of the CRAC family of Ca2+-selective channels. In a non-excitable exocytosis model, we found that the …             A proposed integrated approach for the preclinical evaluation of phage therapy in Pseudomonas infections ▶     Katarzyna Danis-Wlodarczyk, Dieter Vandenheuvel, Ho Bin Jang et al.     Bacteriophage therapy is currently resurging as a potential complement/alternative to antibiotic treatment. However, preclinical evaluation lacks streamlined approaches. We here …             Modulation of the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome Using Computer-Controlled Bioreactors: Impact on Neuronal Cell Proliferation, Survival and Differentiation ▶     Fábio G. Teixeira, Krishna M. Panchalingam, Rita Assunção-Silva et al.     In recent years it has been shown that the therapeutic benefits of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) in the Central Nervous System (CNS) are mainly attributed to their …             Disorganized cortical thickness covariance network in major depressive disorder implicated by aberrant hubs in large-scale networks ▶     Tao Wang, Kangcheng Wang, Hang Qu et al.     Major depressive disorder is associated with abnormal anatomical and functional connectivity, yet alterations in whole cortical thickness topology remain unknown. Here, we …             A new bifunctional hybrid nanostructure as an active platform for photothermal therapy and MR imaging ▶     Mona Khafaji, Manouchehr Vossoughi, M. Reza Hormozi-Nezhad et al.     As a bi-functional cancer treatment agent, a new hybrid nanostructure is presented which can be used for photothermal therapy by exposure to one order of magnitude lower laser …             Amicoumacin A induces cancer cell death by targeting the eukaryotic ribosome ▶     Irina V. Prokhorova, Kseniya A. Akulich, Desislava S. Makeeva et al.     Amicoumacin A is an antibiotic that was recently shown to target bacterial ribosomes. It affects translocation and provides an additional contact interface between the ribosomal …             Simulated warming shifts the flowering phenology and sexual reproduction of Cardamine hirsuta under different Planting densities ▶     YuSong Cao, Yian Xiao, Haiqun Huang et al.     Climate warming can shift the reproductive phenology of plant, and hence dramatically reduced the reproductive capacity both of density-dependent and -independent plant species. …             Improved catalytic efficiency, thermophilicity, anti-salt and detergent tolerance of keratinase KerSMD by partially truncation of PPC domain ▶     Zhen Fang, Juan Zhang, Guocheng Du et al.     The keratinase from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (KerSMD) is known for its high activity and pH stability in keratin degradation. However, catalytic efficiency and detergent …             Rising levels of atmospheric oxygen and evolution of Nrf2 ▶     Ranko Gacesa, Walter C. Dunlap, David J. Barlow et al.     In mammals, the master transcription regulator of antioxidant defences is provided by the Nrf2 protein. Phylogenetic analyses of Nrf2 sequences are used here to derive a …             AtDOF5.4/OBP4, a DOF Transcription Factor Gene that Negatively Regulates Cell Cycle Progression and Cell Expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Peipei Xu, Haiying Chen, Lu Ying et al.     In contrast to animals, plant development involves continuous organ formation, which requires strict regulation of cell proliferation. The core cell cycle machinery is conserved …             Virulence determinants associated with the Asian community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineage ST59 ▶     Min Li, Yingxin Dai, Yuanjun Zhu et al.     Understanding virulence is vital for the development of novel therapeutics to target infections with community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), …             Cecropin B Represses CYP3A29 Expression through Activation of the TLR2/4-NF-κB/PXR Signaling Pathway ▶     Xiaoqiao Zhou, Xiaowen Li, Xiliang Wang et al.     Cecropins are peptide antibiotics used as drugs and feed additives. Cecropin B can inhibit the expression of CYP3A29, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present …             Intracellular ROS mediates gas plasma-facilitated cellular transfection in 2D and 3D cultures ▶     Dehui Xu, Biqing Wang, Yujing Xu et al.     This study reports the potential of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) as a versatile tool for delivering oligonucleotides into mammalian cells. Compared to lipofection and …             GCN2 contributes to mTORC1 inhibition by leucine deprivation through an ATF4 independent mechanism ▶     Julien Averous, Sarah Lambert-Langlais, Florent Mesclon et al.     It is well known that the GCN2 and mTORC1 signaling pathways are regulated by amino acids and share common functions, in particular the control of translation. The regulation of …             Broad-spectrum resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins by western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) ▶     Siva R. K. Jakka, Ram B. Shrestha, Aaron J. Gassmann     The evolution of resistance and cross-resistance threaten the sustainability of genetically engineered crops that produce insecticidal toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus …             Morphological and physiological changes induced by contact-dependent interaction between Candida albicans and Fusobacterium nucleatum ▶     Batbileg Bor, Lujia Cen, Melissa Agnello et al.     Candida albicans and Fusobacterium nucleatum are well-studied oral commensal microbes with pathogenic potential that are involved in various oral polymicrobial infectious …             Empathy Modulates the Rewarding Effect of Mimicry ▶     J. Neufeld, B. Chakrabarti     We tend to like those who mimic us. In this study we formally test if mimicry changes the reward value of the mimicker, using gaze bias as a proxy for reward. Previous research …             Next generation bone tissue engineering: non-viral miR-133a inhibition using collagen-nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds rapidly enhances osteogenesis ▶     Irene Mencía Castaño, Caroline M. Curtin, Garry P. Duffy et al.     Bone grafts are the second most transplanted materials worldwide at a global cost to healthcare systems valued over $30 billion every year. The influence of microRNAs in the …             Single-stranded DNA library preparation uncovers the origin and diversity of ultrashort cell-free DNA in plasma ▶     Philip Burnham, Min Seong Kim, Sean Agbor-Enoh et al.     Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is emerging as a powerful monitoring tool in cancer, pregnancy and organ transplantation. Nucleosomal DNA, the predominant form of plasma cfDNA, …             The hidden teeth of sloths: evolutionary vestiges and the development of a simplified dentition ▶     Lionel Hautier, Helder Gomes Rodrigues, Guillaume Billet et al.     Xenarthrans are unique among mammals in retaining simplified teeth that are rootless and homodont, which makes it difficult to determine dental homologies. We apply computerized …             Energy Landscape Topography Reveals the Underlying Link Between Binding Specificity and Activity of Enzymes ▶     Wen-Ting Chu, Jin Wang     Enzyme activity (often quantified by kcat/Km) is the main function of enzyme when it is active against the specific substrate. Higher or lower activities are highly desired for …             Surfactant-activated lipase hybrid nanoflowers with enhanced enzymatic performance ▶     Jiandong Cui, Yamin Zhao, Ronglin Liu et al.     Increasing numbers of materials have been extensively used as platforms for enzyme immobilization to improve catalytic performance. However, activity of the most of the enzymes …             miR-144 and targets, c-fos and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), modulate synthesis of PGE2 in the amnion during pregnancy and labor ▶     Huanan Li, Jiawei Zhou, Xiajie Wei et al.     Labor is initiated as a result of hormonal changes that are induced by the activation of the inflammatory response and a series of biochemical events. The amnion, which is the …             Pancreatic SEC23B deficiency is sufficient to explain the perinatal lethality of germline SEC23B deficiency in mice ▶     Rami Khoriaty, Lesley Everett, Jennifer Chase et al.     In humans, loss of function mutations in SEC23B result in Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia type II (CDAII), a disease limited to defective erythroid development. Patients with …             Moral Bargain Hunters Purchase Moral Righteousness When it is Cheap: Within-Individual Effect of Stake Size in Economic Games ▶     Toshio Yamagishi, Yang Li, Yoshie Matsumoto et al.     Despite the repeatedly raised criticism that findings in economic games are specific to situations involving trivial incentives, most studies that have examined the stake-size …             Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction in PATRIC and RAST ▶     James J. Davis, Sébastien Boisvert, Thomas Brettin et al.     The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms in bacterial pathogens, coupled with the dwindling number of effective antibiotics, has created a global …             Novel high throughput pooled shRNA screening identifies NQO1 as a potential drug target for host directed therapy for tuberculosis ▶     Qing Li, Ahmad F. Karim, Xuedong Ding et al.     Chemical regulation of macrophage function is one key strategy for developing host-directed adjuvant therapies for tuberculosis (TB). A critical step to develop these therapies …             Direct interaction of beta-amyloid with Na,K-ATPase as a putative regulator of the enzyme function ▶     Irina Yu. Petrushanko, Vladimir A. Mitkevich, Anastasia A. Anashkina et al.     By maintaining the Na+ and K+ transmembrane gradient mammalian Na,K-ATPase acts as a key regulator of neuronal electrotonic properties. Na,K-ATPase has an important role in …             A Recombinant Rift Valley Fever Virus Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccine Confers Full Protection against Rift Valley Fever Challenge in Sheep ▶     Bonto Faburay, William C. Wilson, Natasha N. Gaudreault et al.     Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen causing disease outbreaks in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. The virus has great potential for …             Bax Inhibitor-1 regulates hepatic lipid accumulation via ApoB secretion ▶     Hwa Young Lee, Geum-Hwa Lee, Kashi Raj Bhattarai et al.     In this study, we explored the effects of Bax Inhibitor-1 (BI-1) on ApoB aggregation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. After 1 week on a HFD, …             A comparative genomic analysis of targets of Hox protein Ultrabithorax amongst distant insect species ▶     Naveen Prasad, Shreeharsha Tarikere, Dhanashree Khanale et al.     In the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, the differential development of wing and haltere is dependent on the function of the Hox protein Ultrabithorax (Ubx). Here we compare Ub…             Gender, Contraceptives and Individual Metabolic Predisposition Shape a Healthy Plasma Lipidome ▶     Susanne Sales, Juergen Graessler, Sara Ciucci et al.     Lipidomics of human blood plasma is an emerging biomarker discovery approach that compares lipid profiles under pathological and physiologically normal conditions, but how a …             Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a key factor in the homing of transplanted human MSCs to sites of spinal cord injury ▶     Yu Zhang, Jinhua Yang, Peng Zhang et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to treat many diseases, including spinal cord injury (SCI). Treatment relies mostly on the precise navigation of cells to the injury …             Preserved neurogenesis in non-demented individuals with AD neuropathology ▶     David Briley, Valeria Ghirardi, Randy Woltjer et al.     Rare individuals remain cognitively intact despite the presence of neuropathology usually associated with fully symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which we refer to as …             Visible to near-infrared refractive properties of freshly-excised human-liver tissues: marking hepatic malignancies ▶     Panagiotis Giannios, Konstantinos G. Toutouzas, Maria Matiatou et al.     The refractive index is an optical constant that plays a significant role in the description of light-matter interactions. When it comes to biological media, refraction is …             A liposomal Gd contrast agent does not cross the mouse placental barrier ▶     Anil N. Shetty, Robia Pautler, Ketan Ghagahda et al.     The trans-placental permeability of liposomal Gadolinium (Gd) nanoparticle contrast agents was evaluated in a pregnant mouse model. Pregnant Balb/c mice at 16.5 (±1) days of …             Multiscale approach predictions for biological outcomes in ion-beam cancer therapy ▶     Alexey Verkhovtsev, Eugene Surdutovich, Andrey V. Solov’yov     Ion-beam therapy provides advances in cancer treatment, offering the possibility of excellent dose localization and thus maximising cell-killing within the tumour. The full …             Urinary miR-16 transactivated by C/EBPβ reduces kidney function after ischemia/reperfusion–induced injury ▶     Hsi-Hsien Chen, Yi-Fan Lan, Hsiao-Fen Li et al.     Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is regulated by transcriptional factors and microRNAs (miRs). 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