Nature Reviews Neuroscience contents July 2016 Volume 17 Number 7 pp 397 - 461

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
July 2016 Volume 17 Number 7
Impact Factor 31.427 *	In this issue Research Highlights Progress Reviews Perspectives Also this month  Featured article: Evaluating cell reprogramming, differentiation and conversion technologies in neuroscience Jerome Mertens, Maria C. Marchetto, Cedric Bardy & Fred H. Gage
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Learning and memory: Once upon a recent time p397 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.84 There is greater 'overlap' between the sets of CA1 neurons encoding temporally close memories than of neurons encoding memories temporally spaced apart; such overlap may enable linking of temporally close memories. PDF Neurodegenerative disease: Ever decreasing ripples p398 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.71 Slow gamma oscillations during sharp-wave ripples in hippocampus are reduced in mice expressing human APOE4 and this is associated with age-related deficits in learning and memory. PDF Glia: An astrocytic axis p398 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.77 In experimental autoimmune encephalitis (a mouse model of multiple sclerosis), type I interferons stimulate the production of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, which is activated by diet- and microbe-derived molecules and limits CNS inflammation. PDF Glia: Astrocytic go-betweens p400 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.72 Septal cholinergic neurons inhibit hippocampal granule cells through the activation of hilar astrocytes. PDF IN BRIEF Depression: Breaking down ketamine's actions | Neurodevelopmental disorders: Zika virus causes brain defects in mice | Techniques: A CRISPR method of localization | Neuroendocrinology: Switching on puberty | Neurodegenerative disease: Restoring balance | Cell biology of the neuron: Life in the slow lane | Sleep and memory: Sleeping through the performance | Neurophysiology: Going with the flow PDF
PROGRESS		Top
Somatostatin-expressing neurons in cortical networks Joanna Urban-Ciecko & Alison L. Barth p401 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.53 Somatostatin-expressing neurons represent a major class of inhibitory interneurons in the hippocampus and neocortex. Urban-Ciecko and Barth examine recent studies into the functions of these neurons, and their effects on surrounding cells and network activity in health and disease. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
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REVIEWS		Top
The landscape of DNA methylation amid a perfect storm of autism aetiologies Annie Vogel Ciernia & Janine LaSalle p411 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.41 The aetiologies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are complex and involve both genetic and environmental influences. In this Review, Annie Vogel Ciernia and Janine LaSalle discuss how genome-wide studies have revealed dynamic complexities in DNA-methylation patterns in the developing brain that might contribute to ASD. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Evaluating cell reprogramming, differentiation and conversion technologies in neuroscience Jerome Mertens, Maria C. Marchetto, Cedric Bardy & Fred H. Gage p424 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.46 Cultures of human neural cells can be generated from skin cells that have been reprogrammed to produce induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or subjected to direct conversion. Gage and colleagues describe advances in differentiation protocols that allow specific subtypes of neural cell to be produced and consider the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
The neuroscience of working memory capacity and training Christos Constantinidis & Torkel Klingberg p438 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.43 Working memory (WM) — the ability to maintain and manipulate information over a period of seconds — is a key cognitive skill. Constantinidis and Klingberg discuss non-human-primate, computational-modelling and human-neuroimaging studies that examine the neural bases of WM and training-induced enhancements of WM capacity. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Integrated information theory: from consciousness to its physical substrate Giulio Tononi, Melanie Boly, Marcello Massimini & Christof Koch p450 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.44 Uncovering the neural basis of consciousness is a major challenge to neuroscience. In this Perspective, Tononi and colleagues describe the integrated information theory of consciousness and how it might be used to answer outstanding questions about the nature of consciousness. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
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