Scientific Reports Earth Sciences Table of Contents e-alert: 16 February 2016

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16 February 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Earth & Environmental Sciences               Extracellular microcystin prediction based on toxigenic Microcystis detection in a eutrophic lake ▶     Xin Dong, Siyu Zeng, Fei Bai et al.     Existing models for predicting microcystin concentration in water body generally use chlorophyll or cyanobacteria concentration as input variables, although microcystins only …             Community Sewage Sensors towards Evaluation of Drug Use Trends: Detection of Cocaine in Wastewater with DNA-Directed Immobilization Aptamer Sensors ▶     Zhugen Yang, Erika Castrignanò, Pedro Estrela et al.     Illicit drug use has a global concern and effective monitoring and interventions are highly required to combat drug abuse. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an innovative …             Biomineral shell formation under ocean acidification: a shift from order to chaos ▶     Susan C. Fitzer, Peter Chung, Francesco Maccherozzi et al.     Biomineral production in marine organisms employs transient phases of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) in the construction of crystalline shells. Increasing seawater pCO2 leads …             Effect of excessive CO2 on physiological functions in coastal diatom ▶     Feng-Jiao Liu, Shun-Xing Li, Bang-Qin Huang et al.     Rising dissolution of anthropogenic CO2 in seawater may directly/indirectly cause ocean acidification and desalination. However, little is known about coastal physiological …             Fast quantifying collision strength index of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer coverings on the fields based on near infrared hyperspectral imaging techniques ▶     Y. M. Chen, P. Lin, Y. He et al.     A novel strategy based on the near infrared hyperspectral imaging techniques and chemometrics were explored for fast quantifying the collision strength index of ethylene-vinyl …             Critical assessment and ramifications of a purported marine trophic cascade ▶     R. Dean Grubbs, John K. Carlson, Jason G. Romine et al.     When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal abundance, …             Coral community response to bleaching on a highly disturbed reef ▶     J. R. Guest, J. Low, K. Tun et al.     While many studies of coral bleaching report on broad, regional scale responses, fewer examine variation in susceptibility among coral taxa and changes in community structure, …             Behaviour of the Pleistocene marsupial lion deduced from claw marks in a southwestern Australian cave ▶     Samuel D. Arman, Gavin J. Prideaux     The marsupial lion, Thylacoleo carnifex, was the largest-ever marsupial carnivore, and is one of the most iconic extinct Australian vertebrates. With a highly-specialised …             Feminization and masculinization of western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) observed in rivers impacted by municipal wastewaters ▶     Guo-Yong Huang, You-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Wen Chen et al.     Municipal wastewaters have been known to contain various estrogens and androgens. Little is known about the joint action of these chemicals from wastewaters on fishes in the …             Visualising the molecular alteration of the calcite (104) – water interface by sodium nitrate ▶     Sascha Hofmann, Kislon Voïtchovsky, Peter Spijker et al.     The reactivity of calcite, one of the most abundant minerals in the earth’s crust, is determined by the molecular details of its interface with the contacting solution. Recently, …             “Nanofiltration” Enabled by Super-Absorbent Polymer Beads for Concentrating Microorganisms in Water Samples ▶     Xing Xie, Janina Bahnemann, Siwen Wang et al.     Detection and quantification of pathogens in water is critical for the protection of human health and for drinking water safety and security. When the pathogen concentrations are …             Observation of the Kibble–Zurek Mechanism in Microscopic Acoustic Crackling Noises ▶     H. O. Ghaffari, W. A. Griffth, P.M. Benson et al.     Characterizing the fast evolution of microstructural defects is key to understanding “crackling” phenomena during the deformation of solid materials. For example, it has been …             Erratum: Importance of Oceanian small mountainous rivers (SMRs) in global land-to-ocean output of lignin and modern biospheric carbon ▶     Hongyan Bao, Tsung-Yu Lee, Jr-Chuan Huang et al.                 Predicting malaria vector distribution under climate change scenarios in China: Challenges for malaria elimination ▶     Zhoupeng Ren, Duoquan Wang, Aimin Ma et al.     Projecting the distribution of malaria vectors under climate change is essential for planning integrated vector control activities for sustaining elimination and preventing …             Impacts of manure application on soil environment, rainfall use efficiency and crop biomass under dryland farming ▶     Xiaojuan Wang, Zhikuan Jia, Lianyou Liang et al.     Because of inadequate nutrient and water supply, soils are often unproductive in Northwest China. We studied the effects of manure application at low (LM 7.5  t ha–1), medium (MM …             Subtropical Potential Vorticity Intrusion Drives Increasing Tropospheric Ozone over the Tropical Central Pacific ▶     Debashis Nath, Wen Chen, Hans-F. Graf et al.     Drawn from multiple reanalysis datasets, an increasing trend and westward shift in the number of Potential Vorticity intrusion events over the Pacific are evident. The increased …             Elevated CO2 as a driver of global dryland greening ▶     Xuefei Lu, Lixin Wang, Matthew F. McCabe     While recent findings based on satellite records indicate a positive trend in vegetation greenness over global drylands, the reasons remain elusive. We hypothesize that enhanced …             The fate of fertilizer nitrogen in a high nitrate accumulated agricultural soil ▶     Zhi Quan, Bin Huang, Caiyan Lu et al.     Well-acclimatized nitrifiers in high-nitrate agricultural soils can quickly nitrify NH4+ into NO3− subject to leaching and denitrifying loss. A 120-day incubation experiment was …             Cesium adsorption/desorption behavior of clay minerals considering actual contamination conditions in Fukushima ▶     Hiroki Mukai, Atsushi Hirose, Satoko Motai et al.     Cesium adsorption/desorption experiments for various clay minerals, considering actual contamination conditions in Fukushima, were conducted using the 137Cs radioisotope and an …             Glacial lake drainage in Patagonia (13-8 kyr) and response of the adjacent Pacific Ocean ▶     Neil F. Glasser, Krister N. Jansson, Geoffrey A. T. Duller et al.     Large freshwater lakes formed in North America and Europe during deglaciation following the Last Glacial Maximum. Rapid drainage of these lakes into the Oceans resulted in abrupt …             The palaeobiology of high latitude birds from the early Eocene greenhouse of Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada ▶     Thomas A. Stidham, Jaelyn J. Eberle     Fossils attributable to the extinct waterfowl clade Presbyornithidae and the large flightless Gastornithidae from the early Eocene (~52–53 Ma) of Ellesmere Island, in …             Electronic structures of greigite (Fe3S4): A hybrid functional study and prediction for a Verwey transition ▶     Min Wu, John S Tse, Yuanming Pan     Greigite (Fe3S4) is a ferrimagnetic mineral with vital functions in both the bio-geochemical cycle and novel technological applications. However, the ground state electronic …             13C Pathway Analysis for the Role of Formate in Electricity Generation by Shewanella Oneidensis MR-1 Using Lactate in Microbial Fuel Cells ▶     Shuai Luo, Weihua Guo, Kenneth H. Nealson et al.     Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising technology for direct electricity generation from organics by microorganisms. The type of electron donors fed into MFCs affects the …             Risk and contributing factors of ecosystem shifts over naturally vegetated land under climate change in China ▶     Yuanyuan Yin, Qiuhong Tang, Lixin Wang et al.     Identifying the areas at risk of ecosystem transformation and the main contributing factors to the risk is essential to assist ecological adaptation to climate change. We …             A meta-analysis of leaf gas exchange and water status responses to drought ▶     Weiming Yan, Yangquanwei Zhong, Zhouping Shangguan     Drought is considered to be one of the most devastating natural hazards, and it is predicted to become increasingly frequent and severe in the future. Understanding the plant gas …             Seasonal variability of faecal indicator bacteria numbers and die-off rates in the Red River basin, North Viet Nam ▶     Huong Thi Mai Nguyen, Quynh Thi Phuong Le, J. Garnier et al.     The Red River is the second largest river in Viet Nam and constitutes the main water source for a large percentage of the population of North Viet Nam. Here we present the …             On spatial pattern of concentration distribution for Taylor dispersion process ▶     Zi Wu, Xudong Fu, Guangqian Wang     Taylor dispersion is a key concept in many fields. In the present paper, we characterize the pattern of the complete spatial concentration distribution for laminar tube flow; the …             Antibacterial synergic effect of honey from two stingless bees: Scaptotrigona bipunctata Lepeletier, 1836, and S. postica Latreille, 1807 ▶     E. K. Nishio, J. M. Ribeiro, A. G. Oliveira et al.     Several studies have tested antimicrobial activity of combinations of honey and various substances. In this study, we tested a combination of two stingless bee honeys against …             Seasonality of water quality and diarrheal disease counts in urban and rural settings in south India ▶     Alexandra V. Kulinkina, Venkat R. Mohan, Mark R. Francis et al.     The study examined relationships among meteorological parameters, water quality and diarrheal disease counts in two urban and three rural sites in Tamil Nadu, India. Disease …             Seasonal forecasting of lightning and thunderstorm activity in tropical and temperate regions of the world ▶     Andrew J. Dowdy     Thunderstorms are convective systems characterised by the occurrence of lightning. Lightning and thunderstorm activity has been increasingly studied in recent years in relation …             Activity Variation of Phanerochaete chrysosporium under Nanosilver Exposure by Controlling of Different Sulfide Sources ▶     Zhi Guo, Guiqiu Chen, Lingzhi Liu et al.     Due to the particular activation and inhibition behavior of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on microbes at various concentrations, it’s crucial to exploit the special concentration …             Mapping forests in monsoon Asia with ALOS PALSAR 50-m mosaic images and MODIS imagery in 2010 ▶     Yuanwei Qin, Xiangming Xiao, Jinwei Dong et al.     Extensive forest changes have occurred in monsoon Asia, substantially affecting climate, carbon cycle and biodiversity. Accurate forest cover maps at fine spatial resolutions are …             Satellite gravity gradient grids for geophysics ▶     Johannes Bouman, Jörg Ebbing, Martin Fuchs et al.     The Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) satellite aimed at determining the Earth’s mean gravity field. GOCE delivered gravity gradients containing …             Oxidative elemental cycling under the low O2 Eoarchean atmosphere ▶     Robert Frei, Sean A. Crowe, Michael Bau et al.     The Great Oxidation Event signals the first large-scale oxygenation of the atmosphere roughly 2.4 Gyr ago. Geochemical signals diagnostic of oxidative weathering, however, extend …             Localization and Classification of Paddy Field Pests using a Saliency Map and Deep Convolutional Neural Network ▶     Ziyi Liu, Junfeng Gao, Guoguo Yang et al.     We present a pipeline for the visual localization and classification of agricultural pest insects by computing a saliency map and applying deep convolutional neural network …             Multifunctional flexible free-standing titanate nanobelt membranes as efficient sorbents for the removal of radioactive 90Sr2+ and 137Cs+ ions and oils ▶     Tao Wen, Zhiwei Zhao, Congcong Shen et al.     For the increasing attention focused on saving endangered environments, there is a growing need for developing membrane materials able to perform complex functions such as …             Climate and Fuel Controls on North American Paleofires: Smoldering to Flaming in the Late-glacial-Holocene Transition ▶     Y.M. Han, D.M. Peteet, R. Arimoto et al.     Smoldering and flaming fires, which emit different proportions of organic (OC) and black carbon (BC, in the form of char and soot), have long been recognized in modern wildfire …             Onset and duration of transitions into Greenland Interstadials 15.2 and 14 in northern China constrained by an annually laminated stalagmite ▶     Wuhui Duan, Hai Cheng, Ming Tan et al.     The onset and duration of abrupt transitions into Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events can be studied in detail in Greenland ice cores given the excellent relative uncertainty of its …             Structure-Property-Function Relationship in Humic Substances to Explain the Biological Activity in Plants ▶     Andrés Calderín García, Luiz Gilberto Ambrosio de Souza, Marcos Gervasio Pereira et al.     Knowledge of the structure-property-function relationship of humic substances (HSs) is key for understanding their role in soil. Despite progress, studies on this topic are still …             A comprehensive framework for functional diversity patterns of marine chromophytic phytoplankton using rbcL phylogeny ▶     Brajogopal Samanta, Punyasloke Bhadury     Marine chromophytes are taxonomically diverse group of algae and contribute approximately half of the total oceanic primary production. To understand the global patterns of …             Highly selective polymer electrolyte membranes consisting of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and Cu(NO3)2 for SF6 separation ▶     Woong Gi Lee, Sang Wook Kang     Polymer electrolyte membranes consisting of Cu(NO3)2 and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (POZ) were prepared for SF6/N2 separation. It was anticipated that repulsive forces would be …             Impact of Measurement Uncertainties on Receptor Modeling of Speciated Atmospheric Mercury ▶     I. Cheng, L. Zhang, X. Xu     Gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) and particle-bound mercury (PBM) measurement uncertainties could potentially affect the analysis and modeling of atmospheric mercury. This study …             Bio-Source of di-n-butyl phthalate production by filamentous fungi ▶     Congkui Tian, Jinren Ni, Fang Chang et al.     Although DBP (di-n-butyl phthalate) is commonly encountered as an artificially-synthesized plasticizer with potential to impair fertility, we confirm that it can also be …             Leaf unfolding of Tibetan alpine meadows captures the arrival of monsoon rainfall ▶     Ruicheng Li, Tianxiang Luo, Thomas Mölg et al.     The alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau is the highest and largest pasture in the world, and its formation and distribution are mainly controlled by Indian summer monsoon …             Sequestration of nanoparticles by an EPS matrix reduces the particle-specific bactericidal activity ▶     Qian Wang, Fuxing Kang, Yanzheng Gao et al.     Most artificial nanomaterials are known to exhibit broad-spectrum bactericidal activity; however, the defence mechanisms that bacteria use based on extracellular polymeric …             Lanthanum and Neodymium Doped Barium Ferrite-TiO2/MCNTs/poly(3-methyl thiophene) Composites with Nest Structures: Preparation, Characterization and Electromagnetic Microwave Absorption Properties ▶     Jie Zhao, Jian Yu, Yu Xie et al.     We report herein the synthesis of a novel nest structured electromagnetic composite through in-situ chemical polymerization of 3-methyl thiophene (3MT) in the presence of the BaFe…                 • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Postdoctoral Fellowships in Health Sciences - 45 positions     University of Oslo            Senior Staff Research Associate     University of California - San Francisco            Research Assistant     University of Bristol            Research Associate     The University of Manchester            Research Fellow     TU Dresden            Research Scientist     Coriell Institute for Medical Research            Postdoctoral Research Assistant - Bioinformatics     University of Dundee            MRC Postdoctoral Scientist     Medical Research Council            1-year bridging Post Doc fellowship     Danish Diabetes Academy            INDP2016 - 8 Fully Funded PhD Fellowships     Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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