Scientific Reports Earth Sciences Table of Contents e-alert: 02 February 2016

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02 February 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Earth & Environmental Sciences               A rapid and high-throughput microplate spectrophotometric method for field measurement of nitrate in seawater and freshwater ▶     Jiapeng Wu, Yiguo Hong, Fengjie Guan et al.     The well-known zinc-cadmium reduction method is frequently used for determination of nitrate. However, this method is seldom to be applied on field research of nitrate due to the …             How potentially predictable are midlatitude ocean currents? ▶     Masami Nonaka, Yoshikazu Sasai, Hideharu Sasaki et al.     Predictability of atmospheric variability is known to be limited owing to significant uncertainty that arises from intrinsic variability generated independently of external …             Enhanced waste activated sludge digestion using a submerged anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor: performance, sludge characteristics and microbial community ▶     Hongguang Yu, Zhiwei Wang, Zhichao Wu et al.     Anaerobic digestion (AD) plays an important role in waste activated sludge (WAS) treatment; however, conventional AD (CAD) process needs substantial improvements, especially for …             Clay mineralogy indicates a mildly warm and humid living environment for the Miocene hominoid from the Zhaotong Basin, Yunnan, China ▶     Chunxia Zhang, Zhengtang Guo, Chenglong Deng et al.     Global and regional environmental changes have influenced the evolutionary processes of hominoid primates, particularly during the Miocene. Recently, a new Lufengpithecus cf. …             Efficient simultaneous adsorption-biodegradation of high-concentrated N,N-dimethylformamide from water by Paracoccus denitrificans-graphene oxide microcomposites ▶     Yuan Zheng, Dongyun Chen, Najun Li et al.     Water contamination becomes one of the most pervasive environmental issues all over the world in recent years. In this paper, the functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) with …             Erratum: Impacts of the ENSO Modoki and other Tropical Indo-Pacific Climate-Drivers on African Rainfall ▶     B. Preethi, T. P. Sabin, J. A. Adedoyin et al.                 Divergent variations in concentrations of chemical elements among shrub organs in a temperate desert ▶     Mingzhu He, Xin Song, Fuping Tian et al.     Desert shrubs, a dominant component of desert ecosystems, need to maintain sufficient levels of nutrients in their different organs to ensure operation of various physiological …             Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi regulate soil respiration and its response to precipitation change in a semiarid steppe ▶     Bingwei Zhang, Shan Li, Shiping Chen et al.     Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are critical links in plant–soil continuum and play a critical role in soil carbon cycles. Soil respiration, one of the largest carbon fluxes …             The Laschamp geomagnetic excursion featured in nitrate record from EPICA-Dome C ice core ▶     R. Traversi, S. Becagli, S. Poluianov et al.     Here we present the first direct comparison of cosmogenic 10Be and chemical species in the period of 38–45.5 kyr BP spanning the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion from the …             Robustly photogenerating H2 in water using FeP/CdS catalyst under solar irradiation ▶     Huanqing Cheng, Xiao-Jun Lv, Shuang Cao et al.     Photosplitting water for H2 production is a promising, sustainable approach for solar-to-chemical energy conversion. However, developing low-cost, high efficient and stable …             Interactions and exchange of CO2 and H2O in coals: an investigation by low-field NMR relaxation ▶     Xiaoxiao Sun, Yanbin Yao, Dameng Liu et al.     The mechanisms by which CO2 and water interact in coal remain unclear and these are key questions for understanding ECBM processes and defining the long-term behaviour of …             A quantitative analysis of hydraulic interaction processes in stream-aquifer systems ▶     Wenke Wang, Zhenxue Dai, Yaqian Zhao et al.     The hydraulic relationship between the stream and aquifer can be altered from hydraulic connection to disconnection when the pumping rate exceeds the maximum seepage flux of the …             Molecular evolution of gas cavity in [NiFeSe] hydrogenases resurrected in silico ▶     Takashi Tamura, Naoki Tsunekawa, Michiko Nemoto et al.     Oxygen tolerance of selenium-containing [NiFeSe] hydrogenases (Hases) is attributable to the high reducing power of the selenocysteine residue, which sustains the bimetallic …             Eco-friendly streamlined process for sporopollenin exine capsule extraction ▶     Raghavendra C. Mundargi, Michael G. Potroz, Jae Hyeon Park et al.     Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) extracted from Lycopodium clavatum spores are an attractive biomaterial possessing a highly robust structure suitable for microencapsulation …             Wind-blown Sand Electrification Inspired Triboelectric Energy Harvesting Based on Homogeneous Inorganic Materials Contact: A Theoretical Study and Prediction ▶     Wenwen Hu, Weiwei Wu, Hao-miao Zhou     Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on contact electrification between heterogeneous materials has been widely studied. Inspired from wind-blown sand electrification, we …             Predictability of the dispersion of Fukushima-derived radionuclides and their homogenization in the atmosphere ▶     Róbert Mészáros, Ádám Leelőssy, Tibor Kovács et al.     Long-range simulation of the dispersion of air pollutants in the atmosphere is one of the most challenging tasks in geosciences. Application of precise and fast numerical models …             Innovative Application of Mechanical Activation for Rare Earth Elements Recovering: Process Optimization and Mechanism Exploration ▶     Quanyin Tan, Chao Deng, Jinhui Li     With the rapidly expanding use of fluorescent lamps (FLs) and increasing interest in conservation and sustainable utilization of critical metals such as rare earth elements …             Satellite gravity measurement monitoring terrestrial water storage change and drought in the continental United States ▶     Hang Yi, Lianxing Wen     We use satellite gravity measurements in the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to estimate terrestrial water storage (TWS) change in the continental United States (…             Impacts of a Rapidly Declining Mountain Snowpack on Streamflow Timing in Canada’s Fraser River Basin ▶     Do Hyuk Kang, Huilin Gao, Xiaogang Shi et al.     With its headwaters in the water towers of the western Cordillera of North America, the Fraser River is one of the continent’s mightiest rivers by annual flows, supplies vital …             Nanoparticles Based on Chitosan as Carriers for the Combined Herbicides Imazapic and Imazapyr ▶     Cintia Rodrigues Maruyama, Mariana Guilger, Mônica Pascoli et al.     The use of lower concentrations and fewer applications of herbicides is one of the prime objectives of the sustainable agriculture as it decreases the toxicity to non-targeted …             Stimulation of terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage by nitrogen addition: a meta-analysis ▶     Kai Yue, Yan Peng, Changhui Peng et al.     Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition alters the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle, which is likely to feed back to further climate change. However, how the overall terrestrial ecosystem C …             Climatic irregular staircases: generalized acceleration of global warming ▶     Bernard De Saedeleer     Global warming rates mentioned in the literature are often restricted to a couple of arbitrary periods of time, or of isolated values of the starting year, lacking a global view. …             Historical photographs revisited: A case study for dating and characterizing recent loss of coral cover on the inshore Great Barrier Reef ▶     Tara R. Clark, Nicole D. Leonard, Jian-xin Zhao et al.     Long-term data with high-precision chronology are essential to elucidate past ecological changes on coral reefs beyond the period of modern-day monitoring programs. In 2012 we …             Stable solid and aqueous H2CO3 from CO2 and H2O at high pressure and high temperature ▶     Hongbo Wang, Janek Zeuschner, Mikhail Eremets et al.     Carbonic acid (H2CO3) forms in small amounts when CO2 dissolves in H2O, yet decomposes rapidly under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure. Despite its fleeting …             An approach to scoring cursorial limb proportions in carnivorous dinosaurs and an attempt to account for allometry ▶     W. Scott Persons IV, Philip J. Currie     From an initial dataset of 53 theropod species, the general relationship between theropod lower-leg length and body mass is identified. After factoring out this allometric …             A microbial carbonate response in synchrony with the end-Triassic mass extinction across the SW UK ▶     Yadira Ibarra, Frank A. Corsetti, Sarah E. Greene et al.     The eruption of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP)—the largest igneous province known—has been linked to the end-Triassic mass extinction event, however reconciling …             Large scale patterns in vertical distribution and behaviour of mesopelagic scattering layers ▶     T. A. Klevjer, X. Irigoien, A. Røstad et al.     Recent studies suggest that previous estimates of mesopelagic biomasses are severely biased, with the new, higher estimates underlining the need to unveil behaviourally mediated …             “Intrinsic” correlations and their temporal evolutions between winter-time PNA/EPW and winter drought in the west United States ▶     Lin Piao, Zuntao Fu, Naiming Yuan     In this study, relations between winter-time Pacific-Northern America pattern (PNA)/East Pacific wave-train (EPW) and winter-time drought in the west United States over the …             Global inorganic nitrogen dry deposition inferred from ground- and space-based measurements ▶     Yanlong Jia, Guirui Yu, Yanni Gao et al.     Atmospheric nitrogen (N) dry deposition is an important component in total N deposition. However, uncertainty exists in the assessment of global dry deposition. 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