Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 16 February 2016

If you are unable to see the message below, click here to view.

16 February 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               Genetic engineering and heterologous expression of the disorazol biosynthetic gene cluster via Red/ET recombineering ▶     Qiang Tu, Jennifer Herrmann, Shengbiao Hu et al.     Disorazol, a macrocyclic polykitide produced by the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce12 and it is reported to have potential cytotoxic activity towards several cancer cell …             Ribosomal small subunit domains radiate from a central core ▶     Burak Gulen, Anton S. Petrov, C. Denise Okafor et al.     The domain architecture of a large RNA can help explain and/or predict folding, function, biogenesis and evolution. We offer a formal and general definition of an RNA domain and …             Corrigendum: Basolateral amygdala rapid glutamate release encodes an outcome-specific representation vital for reward-predictive cues to selectively invigorate reward-seeking actions ▶     Melissa Malvaez, Venuz Y. Greenfield, Alice S. Wang et al.                 Simulation shows that HLA-matched stem cell donors can remain unidentified in donor searches ▶     Jürgen Sauter, Ute V. Solloch, Anette S. Giani et al.     The heterogeneous nature of HLA information in real-life stem cell donor registries may hamper unrelated donor searches. It is even possible that fully HLA-matched donors with …             Gr/gr deletions on Y-chromosome correlate with male infertility: an original study, meta-analyses, and trial sequential analyses ▶     Sandeep Kumar Bansal, Deepika Jaiswal, Nishi Gupta et al.     We analyzed the AZFc region of the Y-chromosome for complete (b2/b4) and distinct partial deletions (gr/gr, b1/b3, b2/b3) in 822 infertile and 225 proven fertile men. We observed …             Constructing modular and universal single molecule tension sensor using protein G to study mechano-sensitive receptors ▶     Xuefeng Wang, Zainab Rahil, Isaac T. S. Li et al.     Recently a variety of molecular force sensors have been developed to study cellular forces acting through single mechano-sensitive receptors. A common strategy adopted is to …             Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor regulates the visual cycle genes Rlbp1 and Rdh5 in the retinal pigment epithelium ▶     Bin Wen, Shuang Li, Huirong Li et al.     Regeneration of the visual pigment by cells of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is fundamental to vision. Here we show that the microphthalmia-associated transcription …             A nanoparticulate pre-chemosensitizer for efficacious chemotherapy of multidrug resistant breast cancer ▶     Shengrong Guo, Li Lv, Yuanyuan Shen et al.     Small-molecule chemosensitizers can reverse cancer multidrug resistance (MDR), thus significantly improving the in vitro effect of chemotherapy drugs for MDR cancer cells, …             Corrigendum: ImmuSort, a database on gene plasticity and electronic sorting for immune cells ▶     Pingzhang Wang, Yehong Yang, Wenling Han et al.                 Conformational plasticity of RepB, the replication initiator protein of promiscuous streptococcal plasmid pMV158 ▶     D. Roeland Boer, José Angel Ruiz-Masó, Manuel Rueda et al.     DNA replication initiation is a vital and tightly regulated step in all replicons and requires an initiator factor that specifically recognizes the DNA replication origin and …             Perilipin2 plays a positive role in adipocytes during lipolysis by escaping proteasomal degradation ▶     Yu Takahashi, Akihiro Shinoda, Haruhiko Kamada et al.     Perilipin2 (Plin2), also known as adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), or adipophilin, is a member of the PAT family involved in lipid droplet (LD) formation in the …             Representation of economic preferences in the structure and function of the amygdala and prefrontal cortex ▶     Alan S. R. Fermin, Masamichi Sakagami, Toko Kiyonari et al.     Social value orientations (SVOs) are economic preferences for the distribution of resources – prosocial individuals are more cooperative and egalitarian than are proselfs. …             Rapid Hydrogen Peroxide release from the coral Stylophora pistillata during feeding and in response to chemical and physical stimuli ▶     Rachel Armoza-Zvuloni, Avi Schneider, Daniel Sher et al.     Corals make use of different chemical compounds during interactions with prey, predators and aggressors. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) is produced and released by a wide range of …             Membrane topologies of the PGLa antimicrobial peptide and a transmembrane anchor sequence by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization/solid-state NMR spectroscopy ▶     Evgeniy Sergeevich Salnikov, Christopher Aisenbrey, Fabien Aussenac et al.     Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has been introduced to overcome the sensitivity limitations of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy also of supported lipid bilayers. …             Genetic Improvements in Rice Yield and Concomitant Increases in Radiation- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Middle Reaches of Yangtze River ▶     Guanglong Zhu, Shaobing Peng, Jianliang Huang et al.     The yield potential of rice (Oryza sativa L.) has experienced two significant growth periods that coincide with the introduction of semi-dwarfism and the utilization of …             Effects of fragment traits, burial orientation and nutrient supply on survival and growth in Populus deltoides × P. simonii ▶     Ping Zhang, Zhi-Qin Su, Lie Xu et al.     Clonal propagations of shoot or root fragments play pivotal roles in adaptation of clonal trees to environmental heterogeneity, i.e. soil nutrient heterogeneity and burials after …             Characterization of DWARF14 Genes in Populus ▶     Kaijie Zheng, Xiaoping Wang, Deborah A. Weighill et al.     Strigolactones are a new class of plant hormones regulating shoot branching and symbiotic interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Studies of branching mutants in …             Methyl jasmonate induction of tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots is mediated by JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN repressor proteins ▶     Min Shi, Wei Zhou, Jianlin Zhang et al.     Jasmonic acid (JA) is an important plant hormone involved in regulation of many aspects of plant growth and development including secondary metabolism and JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN …             Genome wide transcriptome profiling reveals differential gene expression in secondary metabolite pathway of Cymbopogon winterianus ▶     Kamalakshi Devi, Surajit K. Mishra, Jagajjit Sahu et al.     Advances in transcriptome sequencing provide fast, cost-effective and reliable approach to generate large expression datasets especially suitable for non-model species to …             Comprehensive profiling of lysine acetylproteome analysis reveals diverse functions of lysine acetylation in common wheat ▶     Yumei Zhang, Limin Song, Wenxing Liang et al.     Lysine acetylation of proteins, a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification, plays a critical regulatory role in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Several researches …             A CAPS-based binding assay provides semi-quantitative validation of protein-DNA interactions ▶     Yongyao Xie, Yaling Zhang, Xiucai Zhao et al.     Investigation of protein-DNA interactions provides crucial information for understanding the mechanisms of gene regulation. Current methods for studying protein-DNA interactions, …             Cytomegalovirus-based vaccine expressing Ebola virus glycoprotein protects nonhuman primates from Ebola virus infection ▶     Andrea Marzi, Aisling A. Murphy, Friederike Feldmann et al.     Ebolaviruses pose significant public health problems due to their high lethality, unpredictable emergence, and localization to the poorest areas of the world. In addition to …             Barrier crossing in small avian migrants: individual tracking reveals prolonged nocturnal flights into the day as a common migratory strategy ▶     Peter Adamík, Tamara Emmenegger, Martins Briedis et al.     Over decades it has been unclear how individual migratory songbirds cross large ecological barriers such as seas or deserts. By deploying light-level geolocators on four songbird …             Spontaneous cooperation for prosocials, but not for proselfs: Social value orientation moderates spontaneous cooperation behavior ▶     Dorothee Mischkowski, Andreas Glöckner     Cooperation is essential for the success of societies and there is an ongoing debate whether individuals have therefore developed a general spontaneous tendency to cooperate or …             Fast Virtual Stenting with Active Contour Models in Intracranical Aneurysm ▶     Jingru Zhong, Yunling Long, Huagang Yan et al.     Intracranial stents are becoming increasingly a useful option in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Image simulation of the releasing stent configuration together …             Correlation between microbiota and growth in Mangrove Killifish (Kryptolebias marmoratus) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) ▶     Torunn Forberg, Eli Bjørnø Sjulstad, Ingrid Bakke et al.     The vertebrate gut is host to large communities of bacteria, and one of the beneficial contributions of this commensal gut microbiota is the increased nutritional gain from feed …             Mechanisms and consequences of ATMIN repression in hypoxic conditions: roles for p53 and HIF-1 ▶     Katarzyna B. Leszczynska, Eva-Leonne Göttgens, Deborah Biasoli et al.     Hypoxia-induced replication stress is one of the most physiologically relevant signals known to activate ATM in tumors. Recently, the ATM interactor (ATMIN) was identified as …             Evidence from Multiple Species that Spider Silk Glue Component ASG2 is a Spidroin ▶     Matthew A. Collin, Thomas H. Clarke, Nadia A. Ayoub et al.     Spiders in the superfamily Araneoidea produce viscous glue from aggregate silk glands. Aggregate glue coats prey-capture threads and hampers the escape of prey from webs, thereby …             Evolution and comparative analysis of the bat MHC-I region ▶     Justin H. J. Ng, Mary Tachedjian, Janine Deakin et al.     Bats are natural hosts to numerous viruses and have ancient origins, having diverged from other eutherian mammals early in evolution. These characteristics place them in an …             Extracellular Matrix Rigidity-dependent Sphingosine-1-phosphate Secretion Regulates Metastatic Cancer Cell Invasion and Adhesion ▶     Panseon Ko, Daehwan Kim, Eunae You et al.     Dynamic interaction between cancer cells and the surrounding microenvironment is critical for cancer progression via changes in cellular behavior including alteration of secreted …             Probing the phenomenon of trained immunity in invertebrates during a transgenerational study, using brine shrimp Artemia as a model system ▶     Parisa Norouzitallab, Kartik Baruah, Priyanka Biswas et al.     The invertebrate’s innate immune system was reported to show some form of adaptive features, termed trained immunity. However, the memory characteristics of innate immune system …             Downregulation of vimentin in macrophages infected with live Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species ▶     P. P. Mahesh, R. J. Retnakumar, Sathish Mundayoor     Mycobacterium tuberculosis persists primarily in macrophages after infection and manipulates the host defence pathways in its favour. 2D gel electrophoresis results showed that …             AnnoTALE: bioinformatics tools for identification, annotation, and nomenclature of TALEs from Xanthomonas genomic sequences ▶     Jan Grau, Maik Reschke, Annett Erkes et al.     Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) are virulence factors, produced by the bacterial plant-pathogen Xanthomonas, that function as gene activators inside plant cells. …             Corrigendum: Irisin promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via activating the MAP kinase signaling pathways ▶     Xiaoyong Qiao, Ying Nie, Yaxian Ma et al.                 Selective potentiation of 2-APB-induced activation of TRPV1–3 channels by acid ▶     Luna Gao, Pu Yang, Peizhong Qin et al.     Temperature-sensitive TRP channels are important for responses to pain and inflammation, to both of which tissue acidosis is a major contributing factor. However, except for …             Maintenance of aversive memories shown by fear extinction-impaired phenotypes is associated with increased activity in the amygdaloid-prefrontal circuit ▶     Daniela Laricchiuta, Luana Saba, Paola De Bartolo et al.     Although aversive memory has been mainly addressed by analysing the changes occurring in average populations, the study of neuronal mechanisms of outliers allows understanding …             With a little help from DNA barcoding: investigating the diversity of Gastropoda from the Portuguese coast ▶     Luísa M. S. Borges, Claudia Hollatz, Jorge Lobo et al.     The Gastropoda is one of the best studied classes of marine invertebrates. Yet, most species have been delimited based on morphology only. The application of DNA barcodes has …             Reference frames for reaching when decoupling eye and target position in depth and direction ▶     A. Bosco, R. Breveglieri, K. Hadjidimitrakis et al.     Spatial representations in cortical areas involved in reaching movements were traditionally studied in a frontoparallel plane where the two-dimensional target location and the …             Asymmetric Preorganization of Inverted Pair Residues in the Sodium-Calcium Exchanger ▶     Moshe Giladi, Lior Almagor, Liat van Dijk et al.     In analogy with many other proteins, Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCX) adapt an inverted twofold symmetry of repeated structural elements, while exhibiting a functional asymmetry by …             Zebrafish Collagen Type I: Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the Major Structural Protein in Bone and Skin ▶     C. Gistelinck, R. Gioia, A. Gagliardi et al.     Over the last years the zebrafish imposed itself as a powerful model to study skeletal diseases, but a limit to its use is the poor characterization of collagen type I, the most …             Critical POU domain residues confer Oct4 uniqueness in somatic cell reprogramming ▶     Wensong Jin, Lei Wang, Fei Zhu et al.     The PO domain transcription factor Oct4 plays critical roles in self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Together with Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, Oct4 can …             Strain-dependent profile of misfolded prion protein aggregates ▶     Rodrigo Morales, Ping Ping Hu, Claudia Duran-Aniotz et al.     Prions are composed of the misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) organized in a variety of aggregates. An important question in the prion field has been to determine the identity of …             Macrophages programmed by apoptotic cells inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung alveolar epithelial cells via PGE2, PGD2, and HGF ▶     Young-So Yoon, Ye-Ji Lee, Youn-Hee Choi et al.     Apoptotic cell clearance results in the release of growth factors and the action of signaling molecules involved in tissue homeostasis maintenance. Here, we investigated whether …             Behaviour of the Pleistocene marsupial lion deduced from claw marks in a southwestern Australian cave ▶     Samuel D. Arman, Gavin J. Prideaux     The marsupial lion, Thylacoleo carnifex, was the largest-ever marsupial carnivore, and is one of the most iconic extinct Australian vertebrates. With a highly-specialised …             Optimization of a nanotechnology based antimicrobial platform for food safety applications using Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) ▶     Georgios Pyrgiotakis, Pallavi Vedantam, Caroline Cirenza et al.     A chemical free, nanotechnology-based, antimicrobial platform using Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) was recently developed. EWNS have high surface charge, are loaded with …             Drug testing and flow cytometry analysis on a large number of uniform sized tumor spheroids using a microfluidic device ▶     Bishnubrata Patra, Chien-Chung Peng, Wei-Hao Liao et al.     Three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroid possesses great potential as an in vitro model to improve predictive capacity for pre-clinical drug testing. In this paper, we combine …             Plain to point network reduced graphene oxide - activated carbon composites decorated with platinum nanoparticles for urine glucose detection ▶     Mohammad Faruk Hossain, Jae Y. Park     In this study, a hydrothermal technique was applied to synthesize glucose-treated reduced graphene oxide-activated carbon (GRGO/AC) composites. Platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) were …             Coral community response to bleaching on a highly disturbed reef ▶     J. R. Guest, J. Low, K. Tun et al.     While many studies of coral bleaching report on broad, regional scale responses, fewer examine variation in susceptibility among coral taxa and changes in community structure, …             Influence of light exposure at nighttime on sleep development and body growth of preterm infants ▶     Yosuke Kaneshi, Hidenobu Ohta, Keita Morioka et al.     Previous studies have demonstrated that a light-dark cycle has promoted better sleep development and weight gain in preterm infants than constant light or constant darkness. …             Pyruvate Kinase M2 Activates mTORC1 by Phosphorylating AKT1S1 ▶     Chang-Liang He, Yang-Yang Bian, Yu Xue et al.     In cancer cells, the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) that requires hormonal and nutrient signals for its activation, is constitutively activated. We found that …             Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with praziquantel as a potential therapy for Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis ▶     Olfat A. Hammam, Nagwa Elkhafif, Yasmeen M. Attia et al.     Liver fibrosis is one of the most serious consequences of S. mansoni infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential anti-fibrotic effect of human …             Tissue Metabonomic Phenotyping for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Human Colorectal Cancer ▶     Yuan Tian, Tangpeng Xu, Jia Huang et al.     Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide and prognosis based on the conventional histological grading method for CRC remains poor. …             An Ultra-thin Amniotic Membrane as Carrier in Corneal Epithelium Tissue-Engineering ▶     Liying Zhang, Dulei Zou, Sanming Li et al.     Amniotic membranes (AMs) are widely used as a corneal epithelial tissue carrier in reconstruction surgery. However, the engineered tissue transparency is low due to the …             Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates IL-1β induced alteration of anabolic and catabolic activities in intervertebral disc degeneration ▶     Bo Hu, Changgui Shi, Chen Xu et al.     Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is characterized by disordered extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism, implicating subdued anabolism and enhanced catabolic activities in …             Involvement of an octose ketoreductase and two acyltransferases in the biosynthesis of paulomycins ▶     Jine Li, Min Wang, Yong Ding et al.     C-4 hydroxyethyl branched octoses have been observed in polysaccharides of several genera of gram negative bacteria and in various antibiotics produced by gram positive bacteria. …             Pharmacological therapies for infantile hemangiomas: A clinical study in 853 consecutive patients using a standard treatment algorithm ▶     Ling Zhang, Wei-En Yuan, Jia-Wei Zheng     Infantile hemangiomas are the most common infantile benign vascular tumor. While most infantile hemangiomas proliferate then involute, some may persist and require treatment for …             Activity induces traveling waves, vortices and spatiotemporal chaos in a model actomyosin layer ▶     Rajesh Ramaswamy, Frank Jülicher     Inspired by the actomyosin cortex in biological cells, we investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of a model describing a contractile active polar fluid sandwiched between two …             Clinical Relevance of Liver Kinase B1(LKB1) Protein and Gene Expression in Breast Cancer ▶     I-Chun Chen, Yuan-Ching Chang, Yen-Shen Lu et al.     Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a tumor suppressor, and its loss might lead to activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and tumorigenesis. This study aimed to determine …             Efficacy of covered and bare stent in TIPS for cirrhotic portal hypertension: A single-center randomized trial ▶     Lei Wang, Zhibo Xiao, Zhendong Yue et al.     We conducted a single-center randomized trial to compare the efficacy of 8 mm Fluency covered stent and bare stent in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for …             D-β-aspartyl residue exhibiting uncommon high resistance to spontaneous peptide bond cleavage ▶     Kenzo Aki, Emiko Okamura     Although L-amino acids were selected as main constituents of peptides and proteins during chemical evolution, D-aspartyl (Asp) residue is found in a variety of living tissues. In …             The Role of Physical Stabilization in Whole Blood Preservation ▶     Keith H. K. Wong, Rebecca D. Sandlin, Thomas R. Carey et al.     The rapid degradation of blood ex vivo imposes logistical limitations on the utilization of blood-borne cells in medical diagnostics and scientific investigations. A fundamental …             Feminization and masculinization of western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) observed in rivers impacted by municipal wastewaters ▶     Guo-Yong Huang, You-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Wen Chen et al.     Municipal wastewaters have been known to contain various estrogens and androgens. Little is known about the joint action of these chemicals from wastewaters on fishes in the …             3D Printing Surgical Implants at the clinic: A Experimental Study on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ▶     An Liu, Guang-huai Xue, Miao Sun et al.     Desktop three-dimensional (3D) printers (D3DPs) have become a popular tool for fabricating personalized consumer products, favored for low cost, easy operation, and other …             Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 protects podocytes from apoptosis ▶     Pauliina Saurus, Sara Kuusela, Vincent Dumont et al.     Loss of podocytes is an early feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and predicts its progression. We found that treatment of podocytes with sera from normoalbuminuric type 1 …             Hydrogen Sulfide—Mechanisms of Toxicity and Development of an Antidote ▶     Jingjing Jiang, Adriano Chan, Sameh Ali et al.     Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic gas—second only to carbon monoxide as a cause of inhalational deaths. Its mechanism of toxicity is only partially known, and no specific …             MpUL-multi: Software for Calculation of Amyloid Fibril Mass per Unit Length from TB-TEM Images ▶     Matthew G. Iadanza, Matthew P. Jackson, Sheena E. Radford et al.     Structure determination for amyloid fibrils presents many challenges due to the high variability exhibited by fibrils and heterogeneous morphologies present, even in single …             Responses of soil nitrogen fixation to Spartina alterniflora invasion and nitrogen addition in a Chinese salt marsh ▶     Jingxin Huang, Xiao Xu, Min Wang et al.     Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the major natural process of nitrogen (N) input to ecosystems. To understand how plant invasion and N enrichment affect BNF, we compared …             Diet-induced changes in maternal gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles influence programming of offspring obesity risk in rats ▶     Heather A. Paul, Marc R. Bomhof, Hans J. Vogel et al.     Maternal obesity and overnutrition during pregnancy and lactation can program an increased risk of obesity in offspring. In this context, improving maternal metabolism may help …             SOHLH2 is essential for synaptonemal complex formation during spermatogenesis in early postnatal mouse testes ▶     Miree Park, Youngeun Lee, Hoon Jang et al.     Spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 (SOHLH2) is exclusively expressed in germ cells of the gonads. Previous studies show that SOHLH2 …             The fate of fertilizer nitrogen in a high nitrate accumulated agricultural soil ▶     Zhi Quan, Bin Huang, Caiyan Lu et al.     Well-acclimatized nitrifiers in high-nitrate agricultural soils can quickly nitrify NH4+ into NO3− subject to leaching and denitrifying loss. A 120-day incubation experiment was …             Engineering a Carbohydrate-processing Transglycosidase into Glycosyltransferase for Natural Product Glycodiversification ▶     Chaoning Liang, Yi Zhang, Yan Jia et al.     Glycodiversification broadens the scope of natural product-derived drug discovery. The acceptor substrate promiscuity of glucosyltransferase-D (GTF-D), a carbohydrate-processing …             Quantitative profiling of sphingolipids in wild Cordyceps and its mycelia by using UHPLC-MS ▶     Jia-Ning Mi, Jing-Rong Wang, Zhi-Hong Jiang     In the present study, 101 sphingolipids in wild Cordyceps and its five mycelia were quantitatively profiled by using a fully validated UHPLC-MS method. The results revealed that …             Peptide mini-scaffold facilitates JNK3 activation in cells ▶     Xuanzhi Zhan, Henriette Stoy, Tamer S. Kaoud et al.     Three-kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades are present in virtually all eukaryotic cells. MAPK cascades are organized by scaffold proteins, which …             Distribution of the type III DNA methyltransferases modA, modB and modD among Neisseria meningitidis genotypes: implications for gene regulation and virulence ▶     Aimee Tan, Dorothea M. C. Hill, Odile B. Harrison et al.     Neisseria meningitidis is a human-specific bacterium that varies in invasive potential. All meningococci are carried in the nasopharynx, and most genotypes are very infrequently …             Long-Lasting Sound-Evoked Afterdischarge in the Auditory Midbrain ▶     Munenori Ono, Deborah C. Bishop, Douglas L. Oliver     Different forms of plasticity are known to play a critical role in the processing of information about sound. Here, we report a novel neural plastic response in the inferior …             Empirical evidence for large X-effects in animals with undifferentiated sex chromosomes ▶     Christophe Dufresnes, Tomasz Majtyka, Stuart J. E. Baird et al.     Reproductive isolation is crucial for the process of speciation to progress. Sex chromosomes have been assigned a key role in driving reproductive isolation but empirical …             Structure of ring-shaped Aβ42 oligomers determined by conformational selection ▶     Linh Tran, Nathalie Basdevant, Chantal Prévost et al.     The oligomerization of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides into soluble non-fibrillar species plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. However, it has been …             Activation and inhibition of tph2 serotonergic neurons operate in tandem to influence larval zebrafish preference for light over darkness ▶     Ruey-Kuang Cheng, Seetha Krishnan, Suresh Jesuthasan     Serotonergic neurons have been implicated in a broad range of processes, but the principles underlying their effects remain a puzzle. Here, we ask how these neurons influence the …             The time course of visuo-spatial working memory updating revealed by a retro-cuing paradigm ▶     Daniel Schneider, Christine Mertes, Edmund Wascher     We investigated the influence of non-cued working memory representations on further information processing. A retro-cue indicated if items on the left or right side of a previous …             Effect of crop plants on fitness costs associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab in cabbage loopers ▶     Ran Wang, Guillaume Tetreau, Ping Wang     Fitness costs associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins critically impact the development of resistance in insect populations. In this study, the fitness …             Genetic diversity at the Dhn3 locus in Turkish Hordeum spontaneum populations with comparative structural analyses ▶     Cüneyt Uçarlı, Liam J. McGuffin, Süleyman Çaputlu et al.     We analysed Hordeum spontaneum accessions from 21 different locations to understand the genetic diversity of HsDhn3 alleles and effects of single base mutations on the …             Multisensory body representation in autoimmune diseases ▶     Gianluca Finotti, Marcello Costantini     Body representation has been linked to the processing and integration of multisensory signals. An outstanding example of the pivotal role played by multisensory mechanisms in …             Caffeine promotes wakefulness via dopamine signaling in Drosophila ▶     Aleksandra H. Nall, Iryna Shakhmantsir, Karol Cichewicz et al.     Caffeine is the most widely-consumed psychoactive drug in the world, but our understanding of how caffeine affects our brains is relatively incomplete. Most studies focus on …             Corrigendum: Pharmacologically targeted NMDA receptor antagonism by NitroMemantine for cerebrovascular disease ▶     Hiroto Takahashi, Peng Xia, Jiankun Cui et al.                 Combined Effect of Free Nitrous Acid Pretreatment and Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate on Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production from Waste Activated Sludge ▶     Jianwei Zhao, Yiwen Liu, Bingjie Ni et al.     Free nitrous acid (FNA) serving as a pretreatment is an effective approach to accelerate sludge disintegration. Also, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), a type of …             Regulation of functional KCNQ1OT1 lncRNA by β-catenin ▶     Naohiro Sunamura, Takahito Ohira, Miki Kataoka et al.     Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in many biological processes through epigenetic mechanisms. We previously reported that KCNQ1OT1, an imprinted antisense lncRNA …             Gene expression profiling of white adipose tissue reveals paternal transmission of proneness to obesity ▶     Sumiyo Morita, Kazuhiko Nakabayashi, Tomoko Kawai et al.     Previously, we found that C57BL/6J (B6) mice are more prone to develop obesity than PWK mice. In addition, we analyzed reciprocal crosses between these mice and found that …             Preparation of Au-polydopamine functionalized carbon encapsulated Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposites and their application for ultrasensitive detection of carcino-embryonic antigen ▶     Lei Ji, Tao Yan, Yan Li et al.     A novel carbon encapsulated Fe3O4 nanoparticles embedded in two-dimensional (2D) porous graphitic carbon nanocomposites (Fe3O4@C@PGC nanocomposites) were synthesized by situ …             Activation and Connectivity within the Default Mode Network Contribute Independently to Future-Oriented Thought ▶     Xiaoxiao Xu, Hong Yuan, Xu Lei     Future-oriented thought, a projection of the self into the future to pre-experience an event, has been linked to default mode network (DMN). Previous studies showed that the DMN …             GMOL: An Interactive Tool for 3D Genome Structure Visualization ▶     Jackson Nowotny, Avery Wells, Oluwatosin Oluwadare et al.     It has been shown that genome spatial structures largely affect both genome activity and DNA function. Knowing this, many researchers are currently attempting to accurately model …             The palaeobiology of high latitude birds from the early Eocene greenhouse of Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada ▶     Thomas A. Stidham, Jaelyn J. Eberle     Fossils attributable to the extinct waterfowl clade Presbyornithidae and the large flightless Gastornithidae from the early Eocene (~52–53 Ma) of Ellesmere Island, in …             MAZ mediates the cross-talk between CT-1 and NOTCH1 signaling during gliogenesis ▶     Bin Liu, Anyun Ma, Feng Zhang et al.     Neurons and glia cells are differentiated from neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) during brain development. Concomitant activation of JAK/STAT and NOTCH1 signaling is …             Integrated microRNA-mRNA analyses reveal OPLL specific microRNA regulatory network using high-throughput sequencing ▶     Chen Xu, Yu Chen, Hao Zhang et al.     Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a genetic disorder which involves pathological heterotopic ossification of the spinal ligaments. Although studies …             A synergistic blocking effect of Mg2+ and spermine on the inward rectifier K+ (Kir2.1) channel pore ▶     Chiung-Wei Huang, Chung-Chin Kuo     Inward rectifier K+ channels (Kir2.1) exhibit an extraordinary rectifying feature in the current–voltage relationship. We have previously showed that the bundle–crossing region …             Pilocarpine-induced seizures trigger differential regulation of microRNA-stability related genes in rat hippocampal neurons ▶     Erika R. Kinjo, Guilherme S. V. Higa, Bianca A. Santos et al.     Epileptogenesis in the temporal lobe elicits regulation of gene expression and protein translation, leading to reorganization of neuronal networks. In this process, miRNAs were …             A Biotin Biosynthesis Gene Restricted to Helicobacter ▶     Hongkai Bi, Lei Zhu, Jia Jia et al.     In most bacteria the last step in synthesis of the pimelate moiety of biotin is cleavage of the ester bond of pimeloyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) methyl ester. The paradigm …             Structural Insights into the Tetrameric State of Aspartate-β-semialdehyde Dehydrogenases from Fungal Species ▶     Qinqin Li, Zhixia Mu, Rong Zhao et al.     Aspartate-β-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ASADH) catalyzes the second reaction in the aspartate pathway, a pathway required for the biosynthesis of one fifth of the essential amino …             Induction of virulence factors in Giardia duodenalis independent of host attachment ▶     Samantha J. Emery, Mehdi Mirzaei, Daniel Vuong et al.     Giardia duodenalis is responsible for the majority of parasitic gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Host-parasite interaction models in vitro provide insights into disease and …             Corrigendum: Point-of-service, quantitative analysis of ascorbic acid in aqueous humor for evaluating anterior globe integrity ▶     Manas R. Gartia, Santosh K. Misra, Mao Ye et al.                 Single Molecule Microscopy Reveals an Increased Hyaluronan Diffusion Rate in Synovial Fluid from Knees Affected by Osteoarthritis ▶     Hendrik Kohlhof, Sascha Gravius, Sandro Kohl et al.     Osteoarthritis is a common and progressive joint disorder. Despite its widespread, in clinical practice only late phases of osteoarthritis that are characterized by severe joint …             Characterization of SCO4439, a D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase involved in spore cell wall maturation, resistance, and germination in Streptomyces coelicolor ▶     Beatriz Rioseras, Paula Yagüe, María Teresa López-García et al.     This work contributes to the understanding of cell wall modifications during sporulation and germination in Streptomyces by assessing the biological function and biochemical …             Using contrast patterns between true complexes and random subgraphs in PPI networks to predict unknown protein complexes ▶     Quanzhong Liu, Jiangning Song, Jinyan Li     Most protein complex detection methods utilize unsupervised techniques to cluster densely connected nodes in a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, in spite of the fact …             Changes in membrane sphingolipid composition modulate dynamics and adhesion of integrin nanoclusters ▶     Christina Eich, Carlo Manzo, Sandra de Keijzer et al.     Sphingolipids are essential constituents of the plasma membrane (PM) and play an important role in signal transduction by modulating clustering and dynamics of membrane …             Dynamic mesolimbic dopamine signaling during action sequence learning and expectation violation ▶     Anne L. Collins, Venuz Y. Greenfield, Jeffrey K. Bye et al.     Prolonged mesolimbic dopamine concentration changes have been detected during spatial navigation, but little is known about the conditions that engender this signaling profile or …             Hypoxia-mediated autophagic flux inhibits silver nanoparticle-triggered apoptosis in human lung cancer cells ▶     Jae-Kyo Jeong, Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Min-Hee Kang et al.     Solid tumors are frequently associated with resistance to chemotherapy because the fraction of hypoxic tumor cells is substantial. To understand the underlying mechanism of …             Prostaglandin I2 Attenuates Prostaglandin E2-Stimulated Expression of Interferon γ in a β-Amyloid Protein- and NF-κB-Dependent Mechanism ▶     Pu Wang, Pei-Pei Guan, Xin Yu et al.     Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been recently identified as being involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the role of an important COX-2 metabolic …             Syntabulin regulates the trafficking of PICK1-containing vesicles in neurons ▶     Junyu Xu, Na Wang, Jian-hong Luo et al.     PICK1 (protein interacting with C-kinase 1) is a peripheral membrane protein that interacts with diverse membrane proteins. PICK1 has been shown to regulate the clustering and …             Expansion and stress responses of AP2/EREBP superfamily in Brachypodium Distachyon ▶     Lihong Chen, Jiapeng Han, Xiaomin Deng et al.     APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding protein (AP2/EREBP) transcription factors constitute one of the largest and most conserved gene families in plant, and play essential …             The language-related transcription factor FOXP2 is post-translationally modified with small ubiquitin-like modifiers ▶     Sara B. Estruch, Sarah A. Graham, Pelagia Deriziotis et al.     Mutations affecting the transcription factor FOXP2 cause a rare form of severe speech and language disorder. Although it is clear that sufficient FOXP2 expression is crucial for …             Aldose reductase participates in the downregulation of T cell functions due to suppressor macrophages ▶     Toshiaki Shimizu, Yutaka Tatano, Haruaki Tomioka     The cell-to-cell contact of T lymphocytes with immunosuppressive macrophages causes marked changes in the tyrosine phosphorylation of some cytosolic proteins of T cells. By …             Radiosensitisation of human colorectal cancer cells by ruthenium(II) arene anticancer complexes ▶     R Carter, A Westhorpe, MJ Romero et al.     Some of the largest improvements in clinical outcomes for patients with solid cancers observed over the past 3 decades have been from concurrent treatment with chemotherapy and …             Fenestrated and Chimney Technique for Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysm: A Systematic Review and Pooled Data Analysis ▶     Yue Li, Zhongzhou Hu, Chujie Bai et al.     Juxtarenal aortic aneurysms (JAA) account for approximately 15% of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (FEVAR) and chimney endovascular aneurysm …             Heme Oxygenase-1 and 2 Common Genetic Variants and Risk for Multiple Sclerosis ▶     José A. G. Agúndez, Elena García-Martín, Carmen Martínez et al.     Several neurochemical, neuropathological, and experimental data suggest a possible role of oxidative stress in the ethiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis(MS). …             CHK1 expression in Gastric Cancer is modulated by p53 and RB1/E2F1: implications in chemo/radiotherapy response ▶     J. Bargiela-Iparraguirre, L. Prado-Marchal, M. Fernandez-Fuente et al.     Radiation has a limited but relevant role in the adjuvant therapy of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Since Chk1 plays a critical function in cellular response to genotoxic agents, …             Overfeeding during a critical postnatal period exacerbates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to immune challenge: a role for adrenal melanocortin 2 receptors ▶     Guohui Cai, Ilvana Ziko, Joanne Barwood et al.     Early life diet can critically program hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. We have previously shown rats that are overfed as neonates have exacerbated …             Drosophila screen connects nuclear transport genes to DPR pathology in c9ALS/FTD ▶     Steven Boeynaems, Elke Bogaert, Emiel Michiels et al.     Hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9orf72 are the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) (c9ALS/FTD). Unconventional …             Salusin-β as a powerful endogenous antidipsogenic neuropeptide ▶     Noriko Suzuki-Kemuriyama, Tae Nakano-Tateno, Yuji Tani et al.     Salusin-β is an endogenous parasympathomimetic peptide, predominantly localized to the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary. Subcutaneously administered salusin-β (50 nmol/mouse) …             13C Pathway Analysis for the Role of Formate in Electricity Generation by Shewanella Oneidensis MR-1 Using Lactate in Microbial Fuel Cells ▶     Shuai Luo, Weihua Guo, Kenneth H. Nealson et al.     Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising technology for direct electricity generation from organics by microorganisms. The type of electron donors fed into MFCs affects the …             Fibroblast Growth Factor-10 (FGF-10) Mobilizes Lung-resident Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Protects Against Acute Lung Injury ▶     Lin Tong, Jian Zhou, Linyi Rong et al.     FGF-10 can prevent or reduce lung specific inflammation due to traumatic or infectious lung injury. However, the exact mechanisms are poorly characterized. Additionally, the …             Bioelectric modulation of macrophage polarization ▶     Chunmei Li, Michael Levin, David L. Kaplan     Macrophages play a critical role in regulating wound healing and tissue regeneration by changing their polarization state in response to local microenvironmental stimuli. The …             cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation of serine 36 is critical for p66Shc activation ▶     Sana Khalid, Astrid Drasche, Marco Thurner et al.     p66Shc-dependent ROS production contributes to many pathologies including ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) during solid organ transplantation. Inhibiting p66Shc activation may …             Seasonal variability of faecal indicator bacteria numbers and die-off rates in the Red River basin, North Viet Nam ▶     Huong Thi Mai Nguyen, Quynh Thi Phuong Le, J. Garnier et al.     The Red River is the second largest river in Viet Nam and constitutes the main water source for a large percentage of the population of North Viet Nam. Here we present the …             Antibacterial synergic effect of honey from two stingless bees: Scaptotrigona bipunctata Lepeletier, 1836, and S. postica Latreille, 1807 ▶     E. K. Nishio, J. M. Ribeiro, A. G. Oliveira et al.     Several studies have tested antimicrobial activity of combinations of honey and various substances. In this study, we tested a combination of two stingless bee honeys against …             Neonatal phthalate ester exposure induced placental MTs, FATP1 and HFABP mRNA expression in two districts of southeast China ▶     Bin Li, Xijin Xu, Yueqin Zhu et al.     Plastic production releases phthalate esters (PAEs), which can alter the expression of metallothioneins (MTs), fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) and heart fatty acid binding …             Application of imaging mass spectrometry for the molecular diagnosis of human breast tumors ▶     Xinxin Mao, Jiuming He, Tiegang Li et al.     Distinguishing breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a key step in breast surgery, especially to determine whether DCIS is …             WISP1 mediates IL-6-dependent proliferation in primary human lung fibroblasts ▶     S. Klee, M. Lehmann, D. E. Wagner et al.     Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease. IPF is characterized by epithelial cell injury and reprogramming, increases in …             A meta-analysis of leaf gas exchange and water status responses to drought ▶     Weiming Yan, Yangquanwei Zhong, Zhouping Shangguan     Drought is considered to be one of the most devastating natural hazards, and it is predicted to become increasingly frequent and severe in the future. Understanding the plant gas …             Risk and contributing factors of ecosystem shifts over naturally vegetated land under climate change in China ▶     Yuanyuan Yin, Qiuhong Tang, Lixin Wang et al.     Identifying the areas at risk of ecosystem transformation and the main contributing factors to the risk is essential to assist ecological adaptation to climate change. We …             Prediction of orthostatic hypotension in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson disease ▶     Zhanfang Sun, Dandan Jia, Yuting Shi et al.     Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is common in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson disease (PD), generally assessed through a lying-to-standing orthostatic test. However, …             Selective inhibition of EZH2 by ZLD1039 blocks H3K27methylation and leads to potent anti-tumor activity in breast cancer ▶     Xuejiao Song, Tiantao Gao, Ningyu Wang et al.     Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a candidate oncogenic driver due to its prevalent overexpression and aberrant repression of tumor suppressor genes in diverse cancers. …             Decisions in Motion: Decision Dynamics during Intertemporal Choice reflect Subjective Evaluation of Delayed Rewards ▶     Denis O’Hora, Rachel Carey, Aoife Kervick et al.     People tend to discount rewards or losses that occur in the future. Such delay discounting has been linked to many behavioral and health problems, since people choose smaller …             Prediction of treatment efficacy for prostate cancer using a mathematical model ▶     Huiming Peng, Weiling Zhao, Hua Tan et al.     Prostate immune system plays a critical role in the regulation of prostate cancer development regarding androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and/or immunotherapy (vaccination). In …             Biosurfactant as a Promoter of Methane Hydrate Formation: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies ▶     Amit Arora, Swaranjit Singh Cameotra, Rajnish Kumar et al.     Natural gas hydrates (NGHs) are solid non-stoichiometric compounds often regarded as a next generation energy source. Successful commercialization of NGH is curtailed by lack of …             Atlas Toolkit: Fast registration of 3D morphological datasets in the absence of landmarks ▶     Timothy Grocott, Paul Thomas, Andrea E. Münsterberg     Image registration is a gateway technology for Developmental Systems Biology, enabling computational analysis of related datasets within a shared coordinate system. Many …             The Tactile Window to Consciousness is Characterized by Frequency-Specific Integration and Segregation of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex ▶     Julia Natascha Frey, Philipp Ruhnau, Sabine Leske et al.     We recently proposed that besides levels of local cortical excitability, also distinct pre-stimulus network states (windows to consciousness) determine whether a near-threshold …             Learning (from) the errors of a systems biology model ▶     Benjamin Engelhardt, Holger Frőhlich, Maik Kschischo     Mathematical modelling is a labour intensive process involving several iterations of testing on real data and manual model modifications. In biology, the domain knowledge guiding …             Real-time kinetics of electrogenic Na+ transport by rhodopsin from the marine flavobacterium Dokdonia sp. PRO95 ▶     Alexander V. Bogachev, Yulia V. Bertsova, Marina L. Verkhovskaya et al.     Discovery of the light-driven sodium-motive pump Na+-rhodopsin (NaR) has initiated studies of the molecular mechanism of this novel membrane-linked energy transducer. In this …             Synergistic infection of two viruses MCMV and SCMV increases the accumulations of both MCMV and MCMV-derived siRNAs in maize ▶     Zihao Xia, Zhenxing Zhao, Ling Chen et al.     The co-infection of Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) can cause maize lethal necrosis. However, the mechanism underlying the synergistic …             Dried plum diet protects from bone loss caused by ionizing radiation ▶     A.-S. Schreurs, Y. Shirazi-Fard, M. Shahnazari et al.     Bone loss caused by ionizing radiation is a potential health concern for radiotherapy patients, radiation workers and astronauts. In animal studies, exposure to ionizing …             Inflammation increases NOTCH1 activity via MMP9 and is counteracted by Eicosapentaenoic Acid-free fatty acid in colon cancer cells ▶     Chiara Fazio, Giulia Piazzi, Paola Vitaglione et al.     Aberrant NOTCH1 signalling is critically involved in multiple models of colorectal cancer (CRC) and a prominent role of NOTCH1 activity during inflammation has emerged. …             Gene regulatory network inference using fused LASSO on multiple data sets ▶     Nooshin Omranian, Jeanne M. O. Eloundou-Mbebi, Bernd Mueller-Roeber et al.     Devising computational methods to accurately reconstruct gene regulatory networks given gene expression data is key to systems biology applications. Here we propose a method for …             Moral judgment modulates neural responses to the perception of other’s pain: an ERP study ▶     Fang Cui, Ning Ma, Yue-jia Luo     Morality and empathy are both crucial in building human society. Yet the relationship between them has been merely explored. The present study revealed how the morality …             Strain-transcending immune response generated by chimeras of the malaria vaccine candidate merozoite surface protein 2 ▶     Bankala Krishnarjuna, Dean Andrew, Christopher A. MacRaild et al.     MSP2 is an intrinsically disordered protein that is abundant on the merozoite surface and essential to the parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Naturally-acquired antibody responses …             ATP-containing vesicles in stria vascular marginal cell cytoplasms in neonatal rat cochlea are lysosomes ▶     Jun Liu, Wenjing Liu, Jun Yang     We confirmed that ATP is released from cochlear marginal cells in the stria vascular but the cell organelle in which ATP stores was not identified until now. Thus, we studied the …             Rapid Urine LAM Testing Improves Diagnosis of Expectorated Smear-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis in an HIV-endemic Region ▶     Paul K. Drain, Lilishia Gounder, Faieza Sahid et al.     We sought to determine if urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) would improve diagnosis of pulmonary TB. We enrolled consecutive adults presenting with ≥2 TB-related symptoms, obtained …             Effects of three permeases on arginine utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Peng Zhang, Guocheng Du, Huijun Zou et al.     Arginine plays an important role in cellular function and metabolism. Arginine uptake mainly occurs through three amino acid permeases, Alp1p, Gap1p and Can1p, which act as both …             Mammalian cells lacking either the cotranslational or posttranslocational oligosaccharyltransferase complex display substrate-dependent defects in asparagine linked glycosylation ▶     Natalia A. Cherepanova, Reid Gilmore     Asparagine linked glycosylation of proteins is an essential protein modification reaction in most eukaryotic organisms. Metazoan organisms express two oligosaccharyltransferase …             Localization and Classification of Paddy Field Pests using a Saliency Map and Deep Convolutional Neural Network ▶     Ziyi Liu, Junfeng Gao, Guoguo Yang et al.     We present a pipeline for the visual localization and classification of agricultural pest insects by computing a saliency map and applying deep convolutional neural network …             Fast and accurate Monte Carlo sampling of first-passage times from Wiener diffusion models ▶     Jan Drugowitsch     We present a new, fast approach for drawing boundary crossing samples from Wiener diffusion models. Diffusion models are widely applied to model choices and reaction times in …             Small interfering RNA pathway modulates persistent infection of a plant virus in its insect vector ▶     Hanhong Lan, Haitao Wang, Qian Chen et al.     Plant reoviruses, rhabdoviruses, tospoviruses, and tenuiviruses are transmitted by insect vectors in a persistent-propagative manner. How such persistent infection of plant …             Enhancer RNA-driven looping enhances the transcription of the long noncoding RNA DHRS4-AS1, a controller of the DHRS4 gene cluster ▶     Yingying Yang, Zhongjing Su, Xuhong Song et al.     The human DHRS4 gene cluster consists of DHRS4 and two immediately downstream homologous genes, DHRS4L2 and DHRS4L1, generated by evolutionarily gene-duplication events. We …             Use of whole-genome sequencing to trace, control and characterize the regional expansion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing ST15 Klebsiella pneumoniae ▶     Kai Zhou, Mariette Lokate, Ruud H. Deurenberg et al.     The study describes the transmission of a CTX-M-15-producing ST15 Klebsiella pneumoniae between patients treated in a single center and the subsequent inter-institutional spread …             Assessment of the latest NGS enrichment capture methods in clinical context ▶     Gema García-García, David Baux, Valérie Faugère et al.     Enrichment capture methods for NGS are widely used, however, they evolve rapidly and it is necessary to periodically measure their strengths and weaknesses before transfer to …             Detecting and modelling delayed density-dependence in abundance time series of a small mammal (Didelphis aurita) ▶     E. Brigatti, M. V. Vieira, M. Kajin et al.     We study the population size time series of a Neotropical small mammal with the intent of detecting and modelling population regulation processes generated by density-dependent …             Allopatric divergence of Stuckenia filiformis (Potamogetonaceae) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its comparative phylogeography with S. pectinata in China ▶     Zhi-Yuan Du, Qing-Feng Wang     In the aquatic genus Stuckenia, the wide geographic range of S. pectinata and S. filiformis make them suited for examination of topographic and climatic effects on plant …             Characterization of a newly isolated strain Pseudomonas sp. C27 for sulfide oxidation: Reaction kinetics and stoichiometry ▶     Xi-Jun Xu, Chuan Chen, Hong-liang Guo et al.     Sulfide biooxidation by the novel sulfide-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp. C27, which could perform autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification in mixotrophic medium, was …             Membrane tubule formation by banana-shaped proteins with or without transient network structure ▶     Hiroshi Noguchi     In living cells, membrane morphology is regulated by various proteins. Many membrane reshaping proteins contain a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, which consists of a …             hCLE/C14orf166, a cellular protein required for viral replication, is incorporated into influenza virus particles ▶     Ariel Rodriguez-Frandsen, Susana de Lucas, Alicia Pérez-González et al.     The influenza A virus polymerase associates with a number of cellular transcription-related factors, including the RNA polymerase II (RNAP II). We previously described that the …             Evolution of short inverted repeat in cupressophytes, transfer of accD to nucleus in Sciadopitys verticillata and phylogenetic position of Sciadopityaceae ▶     Jia Li, Lei Gao, Shanshan Chen et al.     Sciadopitys verticillata is an evergreen conifer and an economically valuable tree used in construction, which is the only member of the family Sciadopityaceae. Acquisition of …             Green fluorescent protein as a scaffold for high efficiency production of functional bacteriotoxic proteins in Escherichia coli ▶     Nagasundarapandian Soundrarajan, Hye-sun Cho, Byeongyong Ahn et al.     The availability of simple, robust, and cost-effective methods for the large-scale production of bacteriotoxic peptides such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is essential for …             tRNA-Derived Small Non-Coding RNAs in Response to Ischemia Inhibit Angiogenesis ▶     Qing Li, Bin Hu, Guo-wen Hu et al.     Ischemic injuries will lead to necrotic tissue damage, and post-ischemia angiogenesis plays critical roles in blood flow restoration and tissue recovery. Recently, several types …             Progranulin suppresses titanium particle induced inflammatory osteolysis by targeting TNFα signaling ▶     Yun-peng Zhao, Jian-lu Wei, Qing-yun Tian et al.     Aseptic loosening is a major complication of prosthetic joint surgery, characterized by chronic inflammation, pain, and osteolysis surrounding the bone-implant interface. …             Genomic study of the Ket: a Paleo-Eskimo-related ethnic group with significant ancient North Eurasian ancestry ▶     Pavel Flegontov, Piya Changmai, Anastassiya Zidkova et al.     The Kets, an ethnic group in the Yenisei River basin, Russia, are considered the last nomadic hunter-gatherers of Siberia, and Ket language has no transparent affiliation with …             Scavenger receptor B1, the HDL receptor, is expressed abundantly in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells ▶     Latha P. Ganesan, Jessica M. Mates, Alana M. Cheplowitz et al.     Cholesterol from peripheral tissue, carried by HDL, is metabolized in the liver after uptake by the HDL receptor, SR-B1. Hepatocytes have long been considered the only liver …             Digital Sorting of Pure Cell Populations Enables Unambiguous Genetic Analysis of Heterogeneous Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tumors by Next Generation Sequencing ▶     Chiara Bolognesi, Claudio Forcato, Genny Buson et al.     Precision medicine in oncology requires an accurate characterization of a tumor molecular profile for patient stratification. Though targeted deep sequencing is an effective tool …             Histological and transcriptome analyses of testes from Duroc and Meishan boars ▶     Haisheng Ding, Yan Luo, Min Liu et al.     Meishan boars are known for their early sexual maturity. However, they exhibit a significantly smaller testicular size and a reduced proportion of Sertoli cells and daily sperm …             W-box and G-box elements play important roles in early senescence of rice flag leaf ▶     Li Liu, Wei Xu, Xuesong Hu et al.     Plant cis-elements play important roles in global regulation of gene expression. Based on microarray data from rice flag leaves during early senescence, we identified W-box and …             Selective binding modes and allosteric inhibitory effects of lupane triterpenes on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B ▶     Tiantian Jin, Haibo Yu, Xu-Feng Huang     Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been recognized as a promising therapeutic target for treating obesity, diabetes, and certain cancers for over a decade. Previous drug …             Developing genetic tools to exploit Chaetomium thermophilum for biochemical analyses of eukaryotic macromolecular assemblies ▶     Nikola Kellner, Johannes Schwarz, Miriam Sturm et al.     We describe a method to genetically manipulate Chaetomium thermophilum, a eukaryotic thermophile, along with various biochemical applications. The transformation method depends …             Protective efficacy of the chimeric Staphylococcus aureus vaccine candidate IC in sepsis and pneumonia models ▶     Liuyang Yang, Changzhi Cai, Qiang Feng et al.     Staphylococcus aureus causes serious sepsis and necrotic pneumonia worldwide. Due to the spread of multidrug-resistant strains, developing an effective vaccine is the most …             Alp7/TACC-Alp14/TOG generates long-lived, fast-growing MTs by an unconventional mechanism ▶     Frauke Hussmann, Douglas R. Drummond, Daniel R. Peet et al.     Alp14 is a TOG-family microtubule polymerase from S. pombe that tracks plus ends and accelerates their growth. To interrogate its mechanism, we reconstituted dynamically unstable …             Functional role of positively selected amino acid substitutions in mammalian rhodopsin evolution ▶     Miguel A. Fernández-Sampedro, Brandon M. Invergo, Eva Ramon et al.     Visual rhodopsins are membrane proteins that function as light photoreceptors in the vertebrate retina. Specific amino acids have been positively selected in visual pigments …             A genome-wide search for eigenetically regulated genes in zebra finch using MethylCap-seq and RNA-seq ▶     Sandra Steyaert, Jolien Diddens, Jeroen Galle et al.     Learning and memory formation are known to require dynamic CpG (de)methylation and gene expression changes. Here, we aimed at establishing a genome-wide DNA methylation map of …             Comprehensive behavioral analysis of RNG105 (Caprin1) heterozygous mice: Reduced social interaction and attenuated response to novelty ▶     Rie Ohashi, Keizo Takao, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa et al.     RNG105 (also known as Caprin1) is a major RNA-binding protein in neuronal RNA granules, and is responsible for mRNA transport to dendrites and neuronal network formation. A …             ITF2357 transactivates Id3 and regulate TGFβ/BMP7 signaling pathways to attenuate corneal fibrosis ▶     Rayne R. Lim, Alison Tan, Yu-Chi Liu et al.     Corneal fibrosis is often seen in patients with ocular trauma and infection that compromises corneal transparency resulting in vision loss. Treatment strategies including NSAIDs, …             Genome-guided Investigation of Antibiotic Substances produced by Allosalinactinospora lopnorensis CA15-2T from Lop Nor region, China ▶     Chen Huang, Ross Ka-Kit Leung, Min Guo et al.     Microbial secondary metabolites are valuable resources for novel drug discovery. In particular, actinomycetes expressed a range of antibiotics against a spectrum of bacteria. In …             New insights into the mechanism of substrates trafficking in Glyoxylate/Hydroxypyruvate reductases ▶     Louise Lassalle, Sylvain Engilberge, Dominique Madern et al.     Glyoxylate accumulation within cells is highly toxic. In humans, it is associated with hyperoxaluria type 2 (PH2) leading to renal failure. The glyoxylate content within cells is …             Integration of lipidomics and transcriptomics unravels aberrant lipid metabolism and defines cholesteryl oleate as potential biomarker of prostate cancer ▶     Jia Li, Shancheng Ren, Hai-long Piao et al.     In-depth delineation of lipid metabolism in prostate cancer (PCa) is significant to open new insights into prostate tumorigenesis and progression, and provide potential …             Tofla virus: A newly identified Nairovirus of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever group isolated from ticks in Japan ▶     Satoshi Shimada, Kotaro Aoki, Takeshi Nabeshima et al.     Ixodid ticks transmit several important viral pathogens. We isolated a new virus (Tofla virus: TFLV) from Heamaphysalis flava and Heamaphysalis formsensis in Japan. The …             Metabolic disruption identified in the Huntington’s disease transgenic sheep model ▶     Renee. R. Handley, Suzanne J. Reid, Stefano Patassini et al.     Huntington’s disease (HD) is a dominantly inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion within exon 1 of HTT, encoding huntingtin. There are …             Microbial communities affecting albumen photography heritage: a methodological survey ▶     Andrea Puškárová, Mária Bučková, Božena Habalová et al.     This study is one of the few investigations which analyze albumen prints, perhaps the most important photographic heritage of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The chemical …             Temporal retinal transcriptome and systems biology analysis identifies key pathways and hub genes in Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis ▶     Deepa Rajamani, Pawan Kumar Singh, Bruce G. Rottmann et al.     Bacterial endophthalmitis remains a devastating inflammatory condition associated with permanent vision loss. Hence, assessing the host response in this disease may provide new …             Calcium and Magnesium Ions Are Membrane-Active against Stationary-Phase Staphylococcus aureus with High Specificity ▶     Yuntao Xie, Lihua Yang     Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is notorious for its ability to acquire antibiotic-resistance, and antibiotic-resistant S. aureus has become a wide-spread cause of high …             An integrated platform for large-scale data collection and precise perturbation of live Drosophila embryos ▶     Thomas J. Levario, Charles Zhao, Tel Rouse et al.     Understanding the fundamental principles governing embryogenesis is a key goal of developmental biology. Direct observation of embryogenesis via in vivo live imaging is vital to …             Mitochondrial Dynamics Tracking with Two-Photon Phosphorescent Terpyridyl Iridium(III) Complexes ▶     Huaiyi Huang, Pingyu Zhang, Kangqiang Qiu et al.     Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion, control the morphology and function of mitochondria, and disruption of mitochondrial dynamics leads to Parkinson’s disease, …             Inhibition of Growth and Metastasis of Colon Cancer by Delivering 5-Fluorouracil-loaded Pluronic P85 Copolymer Micelles ▶     Pengxi Zhu, Naping Zhao, Dandan Sheng et al.     Hepatic metastasis is the leading cause of mortality of colon cancer, which is still lack of an effective therapy. A new delivery system, pluronic P85 block copolymers, conveying …             A Trans-omics Mathematical Analysis Reveals Novel Functions of the Ornithine Metabolic Pathway in Cancer Stem Cells ▶     Jun Koseki, Hidetoshi Matsui, Masamitsu Konno et al.     Bioinformatics and computational modelling are expected to offer innovative approaches in human medical science. In the present study, we performed computational analyses and …             Iron stimulates plasma-activated medium-induced A549 cell injury ▶     Tetsuo Adachi, Saho Nonomura, Minori Horiba et al.     Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma is applicable to living cells and has emerged as a novel technology for cancer therapy. Plasma has recently been shown to affect cells not …             Prion infection impairs lysosomal degradation capacity by interfering with rab7 membrane attachment in neuronal cells ▶     Su Yeon Shim, Srinivasarao Karri, Sampson Law et al.     Prions are proteinaceous infectious particles which cause fatal neurodegenerative disorders in humans and animals. They consist of a mostly β-sheeted aggregated isoform (PrPSc) …             Circulating memory T follicular helper subsets, Tfh2 and Tfh17, participate in the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome ▶     Yuanyuan Che, Jinpeng Qiu, Tao Jin et al.     Circulating memory T follicular helper subsets, Tfh2 and Tfh17 are found to be aberrantly regulated in many autoimmune diseases. However, their roles in the pathogenesis of GBS …             Intrinsic and membrane-facilitated α-synuclein oligomerization revealed by label-free detection through solid-state nanopores ▶     Rui Hu, Jiajie Diao, Ji Li et al.     α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is an abundant cytosolic protein involved in the release of neurotransmitters in presynaptic terminal and its aberrant aggregation is found to be associated …             Basic FGF or VEGF gene therapy corrects insufficiency in the intrinsic healing capacity of tendons ▶     Jin Bo Tang, Ya Fang Wu, Yi Cao et al.     Tendon injury during limb motion is common. Damaged tendons heal poorly and frequently undergo unpredictable ruptures or impaired motion due to insufficient innate healing …             Focal Adhesion Kinase Signaling Mediated the Enhancement of Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Extracorporeal Shockwave ▶     Jun Hu, Haojie Liao, Zebin Ma et al.     Extracorporeal shockwave (ESW) has been shown of great potential in promoting the osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), but it is unknown whether this …             Myosin di-phosphorylation and peripheral actin bundle formation as initial events during endothelial barrier disruption ▶     Mayumi Hirano, Katsuya Hirano     The phosphorylation of the 20-kD myosin light chain (MLC) and actin filament formation play a key role in endothelial barrier disruption. MLC is either mono- or di-phosphorylated …             Tackling amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease with A2V variants of Amyloid-β ▶     Giuseppe Di Fede, Marcella Catania, Emanuela Maderna et al.     We developed a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exploiting the properties of a natural variant of Amyloid-β (Aβ) carrying the A2V substitution, which …             High C3 photosynthetic capacity and high intrinsic water use efficiency underlies the high productivity of the bioenergy grass Arundo donax ▶     Richard J. Webster, Steven M. Driever, Johannes Kromdijk et al.     Arundo donax has attracted interest as a potential bioenergy crop due to a high apparent productivity. It uses C3 photosynthesis yet appears competitive with C4 grass biomass …             Reproduction, abundance and survivorship of two Alveopora spp. in the mesophotic reefs of Eilat, Red Sea ▶     Lee Eyal-Shaham, Gal Eyal, Raz Tamir et al.     Although the study of coral reproduction has advanced tremendously over the last few decades, a particular gap exists in our knowledge of the reproductive modes of corals from …             The Indispensable Role of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1 in Skeletal Development ▶     Masanori Saito, Mieradili Mulati, S. Zakiah A. Talib et al.     Skeletal development is tightly regulated through the processes of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. Although the involvement of transcription and growth factors on …             The agar diffusion scratch assay - A novel method to assess the bioactive and cytotoxic potential of new materials and compounds ▶     Mascha Pusnik, Minire Imeri, Grégoire Deppierraz et al.     A profound in vitro evaluation not only of the cytotoxic but also of bioactive potential of a given compound or material is crucial for predicting potential effects in the in vivo…             The role of Xpert MTB/RIF in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in post-mortem tissues ▶     Alberto L. García-Basteiro, Mamudo R. Ismail, Carla Carrilho et al.     The extent to which the Xpert MTB/RIF (Gene Xpert) contributes to tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in samples other than sputum and cerebrospinal fluid remains uncertain. We aimed to …             ApoCanD: Database of human apoptotic proteins in the context of cancer ▶     Rahul Kumar, Gajendra P. S. Raghava     In the past decade, apoptosis pathway has gained a serious consideration being a critical cellular process in determining the cancer progression. Inverse relationship between …             Highly efficient optogenetic cell ablation in C. elegans using membrane-targeted miniSOG ▶     Suhong Xu, Andrew D. Chisholm     The genetically encoded photosensitizer miniSOG (mini Singlet Oxygen Generator) can be used to kill cells in C. elegans. miniSOG generates the reactive oxygen species (ROS) …             Retrogradation enthalpy does not always reflect the retrogradation behavior of gelatinized starch ▶     Shujun Wang, Caili Li, Xiu Zhang et al.     Starch retrogradation is a term used to define the process in which gelatinized starch undergoes a disorder-to-order transition. A thorough understanding of starch retrogradation …             Maternal-foetal transfer of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax antibodies in a low transmission setting ▶     Sarah C. Charnaud, Rose McGready, Asha Herten-Crabb et al.     During pregnancy immunolglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are transferred from mother to neonate across the placenta. Studies in high transmission areas have shown transfer of P. …             Taxonomic status and molecular phylogeography of two sibling species of Polytremis (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) ▶     Weibin Jiang, Haiyan He, Yingdong Li et al.     The skipper Polytremis theca species complex is widely distributed in the south of the Qinling Mountains in China. A recent study of the Polytremis genus suggested that this …             Variation in susceptibility of African Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites to TEP1 mediated killing in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes ▶     Maarten Eldering, Isabelle Morlais, Geert-Jan van Gemert et al.     Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquitoes are efficient vectors for Plasmodium falciparum, although variation exists in their susceptibility to infection. This variation depends partly …             Quorum sensing activity of Citrobacter amalonaticus L8A, a bacterium isolated from dental plaque ▶     Share-Yuan Goh, Saad Ahmed Khan, Kok Keng Tee et al.     Cell-cell communication is also known as quorum sensing (QS) that happens in the bacterial cells with the aim to regulate their genes expression in response to increased cell …             Discovery of an antibody for pan-ebolavirus therapy ▶     Wakako Furuyama, Andrea Marzi, Asuka Nanbo et al.     During the latest outbreak of Ebola virus disease in West Africa, monoclonal antibody therapy (e.g., ZMapp) was utilized to treat patients. However, due to the antigenic …             Exploring the topological sources of robustness against invasion in biological and technological networks ▶     Fernando Alcalde Cuesta, Pablo González Sequeiros, Álvaro Lozano Rojo     For a network, the accomplishment of its functions despite perturbations is called robustness. Although this property has been extensively studied, in most cases, the network is …             An Efficient LCM-Based Method for Tissue Specific Expression Analysis of Genes and miRNAs ▶     Vibhav Gautam, Archita Singh, Sharmila Singh et al.     Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) is a powerful tool to isolate and study gene expression pattern of desired and less accessible cells or tissues from a heterogeneous …             A specialist herbivore pest adaptation to xenobiotics through up-regulation of multiple Cytochrome P450s ▶     Fang Zhu, Timothy W. Moural, David R. Nelson et al.     The adaptation of herbivorous insects to their host plants is hypothesized to be intimately associated with their ubiquitous development of resistance to synthetic pesticides. …             Regulating ehrlich and demethiolation pathways for alcohols production by the expression of ubiquitin-protein ligase gene HUWE1 ▶     Quan Zhang, Kai-Zhi Jia, Shi-Tao Xia et al.     Ehrlich and demethiolation pathways as two competing branches converted amino acid into alcohols. Controlling both pathways offers considerable potential for industrial …             Temporal dynamics of choice behavior in rats and humans: an examination of pre- and post-choice latencies ▶     Justine Fam, Fred Westbrook, Ehsan Arabzadeh     Identifying similarities and differences in choice behavior across species is informative about how basic mechanisms give rise to more complex processes. In the present study, we …             Nanoparticle-Mediated Targeting of Cyclosporine A Enhances Cardioprotection Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibition of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening ▶     Gentaro Ikeda, Tetsuya Matoba, Yasuhiro Nakano et al.     Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury limits the therapeutic effects of early reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction (MI), in which mitochondrial permeability …             SpyRing interrogation: analyzing how enzyme resilience can be achieved with phytase and distinct cyclization chemistries ▶     Christopher Schoene, S. Paul Bennett, Mark Howarth     Enzymes catalyze reactions with exceptional selectivity and rate acceleration but are often limited by instability. Towards a generic route to thermo-resilience, we established …             Differential Expression of Genes and DNA Methylation associated with Prenatal Protein Undernutrition by Albumen Removal in an avian model ▶     Els Willems, Carlos Guerrero-Bosagna, Eddy Decuypere et al.     Previously, long-term effects on body weight and reproductive performance have been demonstrated in the chicken model of prenatal protein undernutrition by albumen removal. …             Circadian variations in the liver metabolites of medaka (Oryzias latipes) ▶     Koichi Fujisawa, Taro Takami, Yoshitaka Kimoto et al.     Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms with a period of around 24 hours. In this study, we compared the metabolome of the liver of medaka during the day and night. To …             Comparative assessment of methods for the fusion transcripts detection from RNA-Seq data ▶     Shailesh Kumar, Angie Duy Vo, Fujun Qin et al.     RNA-Seq made possible the global identification of fusion transcripts, i.e. “chimeric RNAs”. Even though various software packages have been developed to serve this purpose, they …             Ankyrin Repeat Domain 1 is Up-regulated During Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Regulates Hepatitis C Virus Entry ▶     Thoa T. Than, Giao V. Q. Tran, Kidong Son et al.     Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is highly dependent on host proteins for its own propagation. By transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis, we identified 30 host genes that were …             Functional analysis of long intergenic non-coding RNAs in phosphate-starved rice using competing endogenous RNA network ▶     Xi-Wen Xu, Xiong-Hui Zhou, Rui-Ru Wang et al.     Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) may play widespread roles in gene regulation and other biological processes, however, a systematic examination of the functions of …             Inverted optical intrinsic response accompanied by decreased cerebral blood flow are related to both neuronal inhibition and excitation ▶     Zengguang Ma, Pengjia Cao, Pengcheng Sun et al.     Negative hemodynamic response has been widely reported in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging studies, however its origin is still …             Genome-wide identification and characterization of long intergenic noncoding RNAs and their potential association with larval development in the Pacific oyster ▶     Hong Yu, Xuelin Zhao, Qi Li     An increasing amount of evidence suggests that long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) may play diverse roles in many cellular processes. However, little is known about …             Standardizing Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping Analysis from the Human ImmunoPhenotyping Consortium ▶     Greg Finak, Marc Langweiler, Maria Jaimes et al.     Standardization of immunophenotyping requires careful attention to reagents, sample handling, instrument setup, and data analysis, and is essential for successful cross-study and …             Prediction of Immunomodulatory potential of an RNA sequence for designing non-toxic siRNAs and RNA-based vaccine adjuvants ▶     Kumardeep Chaudhary, Gandharva Nagpal, Sandeep Kumar Dhanda et al.     Our innate immune system recognizes a foreign RNA sequence of a pathogen and activates the immune system to eliminate the pathogen from our body. This immunomodulatory potential …             Determination of Scrub typhus Suggests a New Epidemic Focus in the Anhui Province of China ▶     Min Cao, Li Che, Jinhai Zhang et al.     In 2007, 19 cases of a scrub typhus epidemic occurred within a week at a sports school in Mingguang County, Anhui Province, where no previous incidence of this mite borne disease …             Luminescence- and nanoparticle-mediated increase of light absorption by photoreceptor cells: Converting UV light to visible light ▶     Lei Li, Sunil K. Sahi, Mingying Peng et al.     We developed new optic devices – singly-doped luminescence glasses and nanoparticle-coated lenses that convert UV light to visible light – for improvement of visual system …             Absence of N-terminal acetyltransferase diversification during evolution of eukaryotic organisms ▶     Om Singh Rathore, Alexandra Faustino, Pedro Prudêncio et al.     Protein N-terminal acetylation is an ancient and ubiquitous co-translational modification catalyzed by a highly conserved family of N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs). …             Inflammasome components ASC and AIM2 modulate the acute phase of biomaterial implant-induced foreign body responses ▶     Susan N. Christo, Kerrilyn R. Diener, Jim Manavis et al.     Detailing the inflammatory mechanisms of biomaterial-implant induced foreign body responses (FBR) has implications for revealing targetable pathways that may reduce leukocyte …             MiR218 Modulates Wnt Signaling in Mouse Cardiac Stem Cells by Promoting Proliferation and Inhibiting Differentiation through a Positive Feedback Loop ▶     Yongshun Wang, Jingjin Liu, Jinjin Cui et al.     MiRNA expression was determined in both proliferating and differentiated cardiac stem cells (CSCs) through a comprehensive miRNA microarray analysis. We selected miR218 for …             Identification of a nucleotide in 5′ untranslated region contributing to virus replication and virulence of Coxsackievirus A16 ▶     Zhaolong Li, Xin Liu, Shaohua Wang et al.     Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) are two main causative pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Unlike EV71, virulence determinants of CA16, …             Identification of Conserved and Diverse Metabolic Shifts during Rice Grain Development ▶     Chaoyang Hu, Takayuki Tohge, Shen-An Chan et al.     Seed development dedicates to reserve synthesis and accumulation and uncovering its genetic and biochemical mechanisms has been a major research focus. Although proteomic and …             φXANES: In vivo imaging of metal-protein coordination environments ▶     Simon A. James, Dominic J. Hare, Nicole L. Jenkins et al.     We have developed an X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy method using fluorescence detection for visualizing in vivo coordination environments of metals in …             The diagnostic accuracy of the MTBDRplus and MTBDRsl assays for drug-resistant TB detection when performed on sputum and culture isolates ▶     Michele Tomasicchio, Grant Theron, Elize Pietersen et al.     Although molecular tests for drug-resistant TB perform well on culture isolates, their accuracy using clinical samples, particularly from TB and HIV-endemic settings, requires …             Nanoscopic substructures of raft-mimetic liquid-ordered membrane domains revealed by high-speed single-particle tracking ▶     Hsiao-Mei Wu, Ying-Hsiu Lin, Tzu-Chi Yen et al.     Lipid rafts are membrane nanodomains that facilitate important cell functions. Despite recent advances in identifying the biological significance of rafts, nature and regulation …             PFR peptide, one of the antimicrobial peptides identified from the derivatives of lactoferrin, induces necrosis in leukemia cells ▶     Yan Lu, Teng-Fei Zhang, Yue Shi et al.     LF11-322 (PFWRIRIRR-NH2) (PFR peptide), a nine amino acid-residue peptide fragment derived from human lactoferricin, possesses potent cytotoxicity against bacteria. We report …             Soil properties drive a negative correlation between species diversity and genetic diversity in a tropical seasonal rainforest ▶     Wumei Xu, Lu Liu, Tianhua He et al.     A negative species-genetic diversity correlation (SGDC) could be predicted by the niche variation hypothesis, whereby an increase in species diversity within community reduces …             Suhuang antitussive capsule at lower doses attenuates airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a murine model of chronic asthma ▶     Chao Zhang, Lan-Hong Zhang, Yin-Fang Wu et al.     Suhuang antitussive capsule (Suhuang), a traditional Chinese medication, is found effective in treating chronic cough and cough variant asthma (CVA). This study aimed to …             Effects of Heterogeneous Diffuse Fibrosis on Arrhythmia Dynamics and Mechanism ▶     Ivan V. Kazbanov, Kirsten H. W. J. ten Tusscher, Alexander V. Panfilov     Myocardial fibrosis is an important risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias. Previous experimental and numerical studies have shown that the texture and spatial distribution of …             Associations of 6p21.3 Region with Age-related Macular Degeneration and Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy ▶     Zimeng Ye, Ping Shuai, Yaru Zhai et al.     Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) are leading causes of blindness in aging populations. This study was conducted to …             Multiple functions of Na/K-ATPase in dopamine-induced salivation of the Blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis ▶     Donghun Kim, Joshua Urban, Daniel L. Boyle et al.     Control of salivary secretion in ticks involves autocrine dopamine activating two dopamine receptors: D1 and Invertebrate-specific D1-like dopamine receptors. In this study, we …             Comparative transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure ▶     Qian Zhou, Wenchao Ding, Longyan Jiang et al.     Analysis of the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is essential to …             Tumour-induced neoneurogenesis and perineural tumour growth: a mathematical approach ▶     Georgios Lolas, Arianna Bianchi, Konstantinos N. Syrigos     It is well-known that tumours induce the formation of a lymphatic and a blood vasculature around themselves. A similar but far less studied process occurs in relation to the …             Dynamic Myofibrillar Remodeling in Live Cardiomyocytes under Static Stretch ▶     Huaxiao Yang, Lucas P. Schmidt, Zhonghai Wang et al.     An increase in mechanical load in the heart causes cardiac hypertrophy, either physiologically (heart development, exercise and pregnancy) or pathologically (high blood pressure …             A herbal formula comprising Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, attenuates collagen-induced arthritis and inhibits TLR4 signalling in rats ▶     Brian Chi Yan Cheng, Hua Yu, Hui Guo et al.     RL, a traditional remedy for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), comprises two edible herbs, Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. We have reported that RL could inhibit …             A comprehensive framework for functional diversity patterns of marine chromophytic phytoplankton using rbcL phylogeny ▶     Brajogopal Samanta, Punyasloke Bhadury     Marine chromophytes are taxonomically diverse group of algae and contribute approximately half of the total oceanic primary production. To understand the global patterns of …             Impact of different cell penetrating peptides on the efficacy of antisense therapeutics for targeting intracellular pathogens ▶     Mostafa F. N. Abushahba, Haroon Mohammad, Shankar Thangamani et al.     There is a pressing need for novel and innovative therapeutic strategies to address infections caused by intracellular pathogens. Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) present a novel …             Paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with tonsil colonisation by Streptococcus pyogenes ▶     Elisa Viciani, Francesca Montagnani, Simona Tavarini et al.     The involvement of pathogenic bacteria in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) has yet to be elucidated. We investigated the possible role of group A streptococcus (GAS) in …             Reprogramming of Seed Metabolism Facilitates Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance of Wheat ▶     Caixiang Liu, Feng Ding, Fuhua Hao et al.     Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a worldwide problem for wheat production and transgene antisense-thioredoxin-s (anti-trx-s) facilitates outstanding resistance. To understand the …             The human organic cation transporter OCT1 mediates high affinity uptake of the anticancer drug daunorubicin ▶     Emil Andreev, Nicolas Brosseau, Euridice Carmona et al.     Anthracyclines such as daunorubicin are anticancer agents that are transported into cells, and exert cytotoxicity by blocking DNA metabolism. Although there is evidence for …             Corrigendum: Bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo: Dose and schedule predictions for the ATR inhibitor AZD6738 ▶     Stephen Checkley, Linda MacCallum, James Yates et al.                 Development and application of a novel genome-wide SNP array reveals domestication history in soybean ▶     Jiao Wang, Shanshan Chu, Huairen Zhang et al.     Domestication of soybeans occurred under the intense human-directed selections aimed at developing high-yielding lines. Tracing the domestication history and identifying the …             Plasticity of intrinsic excitability in mature granule cells of the dentate gyrus ▶     Jeffrey Lopez-Rojas, Martin Heine, Michael R. Kreutz     The dentate gyrus is the main entry gate for cortical input to the hippocampus and one of the few brain areas where adult neurogenesis occurs. Several studies have shown that it …             Continuous quantification of HER2 expression by microfluidic precision immunofluorescence estimates HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer ▶     Diego G. Dupouy, Ata Tuna Ciftlik, Maryse Fiche et al.     Chromogenic immunohistochemistry (IHC) is omnipresent in cancer diagnosis, but has also been criticized for its technical limit in quantifying the level of protein expression on …             2- and 3-dimensional synthetic large-scale de novo patterning by mammalian cells through phase separation ▶     Elise Cachat, Weijia Liu, Kim C. Martin et al.     Synthetic biology provides an opportunity for the construction and exploration of alternative solutions to biological problems - solutions different from those chosen by natural …             Corrigendum: Drosophila Rif1 is an essential gene and controls late developmental events by direct interaction with PP1-87B ▶     Easwaran Sreesankar, Vellaichamy Bharathi, Rakesh K. Mishra et al.                 Plumericin inhibits proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by blocking STAT3 signaling via S-glutathionylation ▶     Elke H Heiss, Rongxia Liu, Birgit Waltenberger et al.     The etiology of atherosclerosis and restenosis involves aberrant inflammation and proliferation, rendering compounds with both anti-inflammatory and anti-mitogenic properties as …             Fate mapping reveals that microglia and recruited monocyte-derived macrophages are definitively distinguishable by phenotype in the retina ▶     E. G. O’Koren, R. Mathew, D. R. Saban     The recent paradigm shift that microglia are yolk sac-derived, not hematopoietic-derived, is reshaping our knowledge about the isolated role of microglia in CNS diseases, …             Host Stress Drives Salmonella Recrudescence ▶     Elin Verbrugghe, Maarten Dhaenens, Bregje Leyman et al.     Host stress is well known to result in flare-ups of many bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. The mechanism by which host stress is exploited to increase pathogen loads, is …             Gold nanoparticle-assisted all optical localized stimulation and monitoring of Ca2+ signaling in neurons ▶     Flavie Lavoie-Cardinal, Charleen Salesse, Éric Bergeron et al.     Light-assisted manipulation of cells to control membrane activity or intracellular signaling has become a major avenue in life sciences. However, the ability to perform …             Erratum: Dynamic markers based on blood perfusion fluctuations for selecting skin melanocytic lesions for biopsy ▶     Gemma Lancaster, Aneta Stefanovska, Margherita Pesce et al.                 Light-inducible genetic engineering and control of non-homologous end-joining in industrial eukaryotic microorganisms: LML 3.0 and OFN 1.0 ▶     Lei Zhang, Xihua Zhao, Guoxiu Zhang et al.     Filamentous fungi play important roles in the production of plant cell-wall degrading enzymes. In recent years, homologous recombinant technologies have contributed significantly …             Dictyocaulus viviparus genome, variome and transcriptome elucidate lungworm biology and support future intervention ▶     Samantha N. McNulty, Christina Strübe, Bruce A. Rosa et al.     The bovine lungworm, Dictyocaulus viviparus (order Strongylida), is an important parasite of livestock that causes substantial economic and production losses worldwide. Here we …             Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells reveals source specific cellular markers ▶     Anja M. Billing, Hisham Ben Hamidane, Shaima S. Dib et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells with great potential in therapy, reflected by more than 500 MSC-based clinical trials registered with the NIH. MSC are derived …             Different cucumber CsYUC genes regulate response to abiotic stresses and flower development ▶     Shuangshuang Yan, Gen Che, Lian Ding et al.     The phytohormone auxin is essential for plant growth and development, and YUCCA (YUC) proteins catalyze a rate-limiting step for endogenous auxin biosynthesis. Despite YUC family …             Effects of glucose metabolism during in vitro maturation on cytoplasmic maturation of mouse oocytes ▶     Hong-Li Xie, Yan-Bo Wang, Guang-Zhong Jiao et al.     Although there are many reports on the effect of glucose metabolism on oocyte nuclear maturation, there are few studies on its effect on ooplasmic maturation. By manipulating …             Neuroprotection by Polynitrogen Manganese Complexes: Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-Related Pathways ▶     Chunxia Chen, Jing Cao, Xiaoyan Ma et al.     Cell death in the central nervous system causes neurologic diseases, in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role by either inducing cellular oxidative stress or …             Fertilizer regime impacts on abundance and diversity of soil fauna across a poplar plantation chronosequence in coastal Eastern China ▶     Shaojun Wang, Han Y. H. Chen, Yan Tan et al.     Soil fauna are critical for ecosystem function and sensitive to the changes of soil fertility. The effects of fertilization on soil fauna communities, however, remain poorly …             Internal (His)6-tagging delivers a fully functional hetero-oligomeric class II chaperonin in high yield ▶     Danielle M. Paul, Fabienne Beuron, Richard B. Sessions et al.     Group II chaperonins are ATP-ases indispensable for the folding of many proteins that play a crucial role in Archaea and Eukarya. They display a conserved two-ringed assembly …             Comparative genomic and functional analysis reveal conservation of plant growth promoting traits in Paenibacillus polymyxa and its closely related species ▶     Jianbo Xie, Haowen Shi, Zhenglin Du et al.     Paenibacillus polymyxa has widely been studied as a model of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Here, the genome sequences of 9 P. polymyxa strains, together with 26 …             Comparative phylogenetic analysis and transcriptional profiling of MADS-box gene family identified DAM and FLC-like genes in apple (Malusx domestica) ▶     Gulshan Kumar, Preeti Arya, Khushboo Gupta et al.     The MADS-box transcription factors play essential roles in various processes of plant growth and development. In the present study, phylogenetic analysis of 142 apple MADS-box …             Pax6 in Collembola: Adaptive Evolution of Eye Regression ▶     Ya-Nan Hou, Sheng Li, Yun-Xia Luan     Unlike the compound eyes in insects, collembolan eyes are comparatively simple: some species have eyes with different numbers of ocelli (1 + 1 to 8 + 8), and some species have no …             Specific cell surface labeling of GPCRs using split GFP ▶     Wen-Xue Jiang, Xu Dong, Jing Jiang et al.     Specific cell surface labeling is essential for visualizing the internalization processes of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and for gaining mechanistic insight of GPCR …             One-step generation of triple gene-targeted pigs using CRISPR/Cas9 system ▶     Xianlong Wang, Chunwei Cao, Jiaojiao Huang et al.     Pig shows multiple superior characteristics in anatomy, physiology, and genome that have made this species to be more suitable models for human diseases, especially for …             A molecular nanodevice for targeted degradation of mRNA during protein synthesis ▶     Kyung-Ho Lee, Seung-Eui Min, Haseong Kim et al.     RNase H is an endonuclease that catalyzes the cleavage of RNA. Because it only acts on RNA in RNA:DNA hybrids, RNase H can be used for targeted degradation of RNA when used in …             NATpipe: an integrative pipeline for systematical discovery of natural antisense transcripts (NATs) and phase-distributed nat-siRNAs from de novo assembled transcriptomes ▶     Dongliang Yu, Yijun Meng, Ziwei Zuo et al.     Nat-siRNAs (small interfering RNAs originated from natural antisense transcripts) are a class of functional small RNA (sRNA) species discovered in both plants and animals. These …             All-carbon multi-electrode array for real-time in vitro measurements of oxidizable neurotransmitters ▶     Federico Picollo, Alfio Battiato, Ettore Bernardi et al.     We report on the ion beam fabrication of all-carbon multi electrode arrays (MEAs) based on 16 graphitic micro-channels embedded in single-crystal diamond (SCD) substrates. The …             Constitutive expression of a novel antimicrobial protein, Hcm1, confers resistance to both Verticillium and Fusarium wilts in cotton ▶     Zhiyuan Zhang, Jun Zhao, Lingyun Ding et al.     Fusarium and Verticillium wilts, two of the most important diseases in cotton, pose serious threats to cotton production. Here we introduced a novel antimicrobial protein Hcm1, …             Automated single cell isolation from suspension with computer vision ▶     Rita Ungai-Salánki, Tamás Gerecsei, Péter Fürjes et al.     Current robots can manipulate only surface-attached cells seriously limiting the fields of their application for single cell handling. We developed a computer vision-based robot …             Combining S-cone and luminance signals adversely affects discrimination of objects within backgrounds ▶     Ben J. Jennings, Konstantinos Tsattalios, Ramakrishna Chakravarthi et al.     The visual system processes objects embedded in complex scenes that vary in both luminance and colour. In such scenes, colour contributes to the segmentation of objects from …             Functional transcription factor target discovery via compendia of binding and expression profiles ▶     Christopher J. Banks, Anagha Joshi, Tom Michoel     Genome-wide experiments to map the DNA-binding locations of transcription-associated factors (TFs) have shown that the number of genes bound by a TF far exceeds the number of …             Bif-1 deficiency impairs lipid homeostasis and causes obesity accompanied by insulin resistance ▶     Ying Liu, Yoshinori Takahashi, Neelam Desai et al.     Bif-1 is a membrane-curvature inducing protein that is implicated in the regulation of autophagy and tumorigenesis. Here, we report that Bif-1 plays a critical role in regulating …             Lithium inhibits tumor lymphangiogenesis and metastasis through the inhibition of TGFBIp expression in cancer cells ▶     Yong-Sun Maeng, Rina Lee, Boram Lee et al.     Metastasis is the main cause of mortality in cancer patients. Although there are many anti-cancer drugs targeting tumor growth, anti-metastatic agents are rarely developed. …             Next-generation sequencing-based molecular diagnosis of 12 inherited retinal disease probands of Uyghur ethnicity ▶     Abulikemu Tajiguli, Mingchu Xu, Qing Fu et al.     Inherited retinal disease (IRD) is a category of genetic disorders affecting retina. Understanding the molecular basis of IRD is vital for clinical and genetic classification of …             Evolutionary functional elaboration of the Elovl2/5 gene family in chordates ▶     Óscar Monroig, Mónica Lopes-Marques, Juan C. Navarro et al.     The biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) provides an intriguing example on how multi-enzymatic cascades evolve. Essential LC-PUFA, such as …             Changing expression profiles of lncRNAs, mRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs during osteoclastogenesis ▶     Ce Dou, Zhen Cao, Bo Yang et al.     Bone is a dynamic organ continuously undergoing shaping, repairing and remodeling. The homeostasis of bone is maintained by the balance between osteoblastic bone formation and …             Computational studies of the binding profile of phosphoinositide PtdIns (3,4,5) P3 with the pleckstrin homology domain of an oomycete cellulose synthase ▶     Guanglin Kuang, Vincent Bulone, Yaoquan Tu     Saprolegnia monoica is a model organism to investigate Saprolegnia parasitica, an important oomycete which causes considerable loss in aquaculture every year. S. monoica contains …             Genome stability of Propionibacterium acnes: a comprehensive study of indels and homopolymeric tracts ▶     Christian F. P. Scholz, Holger Brüggemann, Hans B. Lomholt et al.     We present a species-wide comparative analysis of 90 genomes of Propionibacterium acnes that represent the known diversity of the species. Our results are augmented by six …             Cell type-specific properties and environment shape tissue specificity of cancer genes ▶     Martin H. Schaefer, Luis Serrano     One of the biggest mysteries in cancer research remains why mutations in certain genes cause cancer only at specific sites in the human body. The poor correlation between the …             Human monocytes undergo functional re-programming during differentiation to dendritic cell mediated by human extravillous trophoblasts ▶     Lei Zhao, Qianqian Shao, Yun Zhang et al.     Maternal immune adaptation is required for a successful pregnancy to avoid rejection of the fetal–placental unit. Dendritic cells within the decidual microenvironment lock in a …             Sonar sound groups and increased terminal buzz duration reflect task complexity in hunting bats ▶     Katrine Hulgard, John M. Ratcliffe     More difficult tasks are generally regarded as such because they demand greater attention. Echolocators provide rare insight into this relationship because biosonar signals can …             Attenuation of ligand-induced activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling by the type 2 receptor via protein kinase C ▶     Takayuki Inuzuka, Yoichiro Fujioka, Masumi Tsuda et al.     Angiotensin II (AII) type 2 receptor (AT2R) negatively regulates type 1 receptor (AT1R) signaling. However, the precise molecular mechanism of AT2R-mediated AT1R inhibition …             Bystanders, parcelling, and an absence of trust in the grooming interactions of wild male chimpanzees ▶     Stefano S. K. Kaburu, Nicholas E. Newton-Fisher     The evolution of cooperation remains a central issue in socio-biology with the fundamental problem of how individuals minimize the risks of being short-changed (‘cheated’) should …             TGFβ3-mediated induction of Periostin facilitates head and neck cancer growth and is associated with metastasis ▶     Xing Qin, Ming Yan, Jianjun Zhang et al.     The matrix-specific protein periostin (POSTN) is up-regulated in human cancers and associated with cancer growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Although the stroma of cancer …             De novo transcriptome sequencing and gene expression profiling of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves under heat stress ▶     Jun Yan, Li Yu, Jiping Xuan et al.     Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) has cold tolerant but heat sensitive characteristics. The spinach variety ‘Island,’ is suitable for summer periods. There is lack molecular …             Comprehensive analysis of TCP transcription factors and their expression during cotton (Gossypium arboreum) fiber early development ▶     Jun Ma, Fang Liu, Qinglian Wang et al.     TCP proteins are plant-specific transcription factors implicated to perform a variety of physiological functions during plant growth and development. In the current study, we …             CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout in the mouse brain using in utero electroporation ▶     Yohei Shinmyo, Satoshi Tanaka, Shinichi Tsunoda et al.     The CRISPR/Cas9 system has recently been adapted for generating knockout mice to investigate physiological functions and pathological mechanisms. Here, we report a highly …             RBM4a-regulated splicing cascade modulates the differentiation and metabolic activities of brown adipocytes ▶     Jung-Chun Lin, Yi-Han Lu, Yun-Ru Liu et al.     RNA-binding motif protein 4a (RBM4a) reportedly reprograms splicing profiles of the insulin receptor (IR) and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) genes, facilitating the …             Human Frataxin Folds Via an Intermediate State. Role of the C-Terminal Region ▶     Santiago E. Faraj, Rodolfo M. González-Lebrero, Ernesto A. Roman et al.     The aim of this study is to investigate the folding reaction of human frataxin, whose deficiency causes the neurodegenerative disease Friedreich’s Ataxia (FRDA). The …             New insights into the Plasmodium vivax transcriptome using RNA-Seq ▶     Lei Zhu, Sachel Mok, Mallika Imwong et al.     Historically seen as a benign disease, it is now becoming clear that Plasmodium vivax can cause significant morbidity. Effective control strategies targeting P. vivax malaria is …             Small-molecule inhibition of PTPRZ reduces tumor growth in a rat model of glioblastoma ▶     Akihiro Fujikawa, Asako Nagahira, Hajime Sugawara et al.     Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type Z (PTPRZ) is aberrantly over-expressed in glioblastoma and a causative factor for its malignancy. However, small molecules that …             Dark States in the Light-Harvesting complex 2 Revealed by Two-dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy ▶     Marco Ferretti, Ruud Hendrikx, Elisabet Romero et al.     Energy transfer and trapping in the light harvesting antennae of purple photosynthetic bacteria is an ultrafast process, which occurs with a quantum efficiency close to unity. …             Enhanced electrostatic force microscopy reveals higher-order DNA looping mediated by the telomeric protein TRF2 ▶     Parminder Kaur, Dong Wu, Jiangguo Lin et al.     Shelterin protein TRF2 modulates telomere structures by promoting dsDNA compaction and T-loop formation. Advancement of our understanding of the mechanism underlying …             Crystal structure of SEL1L: Insight into the roles of SLR motifs in ERAD pathway ▶     Hanbin Jeong, Hyo Jung Sim, Eun Kyung Song et al.     Terminally misfolded proteins are selectively recognized and cleared by the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. SEL1L, a component of the ERAD machinery, …             Astrocyte-to-neuron intercellular prion transfer is mediated by cell-cell contact ▶     Guiliana Soraya Victoria, Alexander Arkhipenko, Seng Zhu et al.     Prion diseases are caused by misfolding of the cellular protein PrPC to an infectious conformer, PrPSc. Intercellular PrPSc transfer propagates conversion and allows infectivity …             The distinct clinical features and prognosis of the CD10+MUM1+ and CD10−Bcl6−MUM1− diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ▶     Ting-Xun Lu, Yi Miao, Jia-Zhu Wu et al.     Using an immunohistochemistry (IHC) based method, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be classified into germinal center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes. However, the …             Sequestration of nanoparticles by an EPS matrix reduces the particle-specific bactericidal activity ▶     Qian Wang, Fuxing Kang, Yanzheng Gao et al.     Most artificial nanomaterials are known to exhibit broad-spectrum bactericidal activity; however, the defence mechanisms that bacteria use based on extracellular polymeric …             Tracing amino acid exchange during host-pathogen interaction by combined stable-isotope time-resolved Raman spectral imaging ▶     Abida Naemat, Hany M. Elsheikha, Radu A. Boitor et al.     This study investigates the temporal and spatial interchange of the aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (Phe) between human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) and …             Selective and reversible suppression of intestinal stem cell differentiation by pharmacological inhibition of BET bromodomains ▶     Akifumi Nakagawa, Curtis E. Adams, Yinshi Huang et al.     Absorptive and secretory cells of the small intestine are derived from a single population of Lgr5-expressing stem cells. While key genetic pathways required for differentiation …             Robotic lower limb prosthesis design through simultaneous computer optimizations of human and prosthesis costs ▶     Matthew L. Handford, Manoj Srinivasan     Robotic lower limb prostheses can improve the quality of life for amputees. Development of such devices, currently dominated by long prototyping periods, could be sped up by …             Leaf unfolding of Tibetan alpine meadows captures the arrival of monsoon rainfall ▶     Ruicheng Li, Tianxiang Luo, Thomas Mölg et al.     The alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau is the highest and largest pasture in the world, and its formation and distribution are mainly controlled by Indian summer monsoon …             RNF135, RING finger protein, promotes the proliferation of human glioblastoma cells in vivo and in vitro via the ERK pathway ▶     Yongjian Liu, Feng Wang, Yongsheng Liu et al.     Ring finger protein 135 (RNF135), located on chromosome 17q11.2, is a RING finger domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase that was identified as a bio-marker and therapy target of …             Redifferentiation of expanded human islet β cells by inhibition of ARX ▶     Orr Friedman-Mazursky, Ran Elkon, Shimon Efrat     Ex-vivo expansion of adult human islet β cells has been evaluated for generation of abundant insulin-producing cells for transplantation; however, lineage-tracing has …             Limited Antigenic Diversity in Contemporary H7 Avian-Origin Influenza A Viruses from North America ▶     Yifei Xu, Elizabeth Bailey, Erica Spackman et al.     Subtype H7 avian–origin influenza A viruses (AIVs) have caused at least 500 confirmed human infections since 2003 and culling of >75 million birds in recent years. Here we …             Telomere length, genetic variants and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Southeast Chinese ▶     Yayun Gu, Chengxiao Yu, Limin Miao et al.     Telomere dysfunction participates in malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. Previous studies have explored the associations between telomere length (TL) and cancer …             Sorting nexin 10 acting as a novel regulator of macrophage polarization mediates inflammatory response in experimental mouse colitis ▶     Yan You, Chun Zhou, Dong Li et al.     In response to changes in microenvironment, macrophages polarize into functionally distinct phenotypes, playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease …             Clostridium butyricum in combination with specific immunotherapy converts antigen-specific B cells to regulatory B cells in asthmatic patients ▶     Hong-Ying Liao, Li Tao, Jian Zhao et al.     The effect of antigen specific immunotherapy (SIT) on asthma is supposed to be improved. Published data indicate that administration of probiotics alleviates allergic diseases. B …             Structural modification of P-glycoprotein induced by OH radicals: Insights from atomistic simulations ▶     N. Khosravian, B. Kamaraj, E. C. Neyts et al.     This study reports on the possible effects of OH radical impact on the transmembrane domain 6 of P-glycoprotein, TM6, which plays a crucial role in drug binding in human cells. …             Dietary soy and meat proteins induce distinct physiological and gene expression changes in rats ▶     Shangxin Song, Guido J. Hooiveld, Mengjie Li et al.     This study reports on a comprehensive comparison of the effects of soy and meat proteins given at the recommended level on physiological markers of metabolic syndrome and the …             Quantifying the cooperative subunit action in a multimeric membrane receptor ▶     Nisa Wongsamitkul, Vasilica Nache, Thomas Eick et al.     In multimeric membrane receptors the cooperative action of the subunits prevents exact knowledge about the operation and the interaction of the individual subunits. We propose a …             Dynamic monitoring of cell mechanical properties using profile microindentation ▶     L. Guillou, A. Babataheri, P.-H. Puech et al.     We have developed a simple and relatively inexpensive system to visualize adherent cells in profile while measuring their mechanical properties using microindentation. The setup …             The binding capability of plasma phospholipid transfer protein, but not HDL pool size, is critical to repress LPS induced inflammation ▶     Yang Yu, Yingjie Cui, Yanan Zhao et al.     Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) participates in high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Increased plasma PLTP activity was observed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered …             The effect of bisphosphonates on the endothelial differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells ▶     Dileep Sharma, Stephen Mark Hamlet, Eugen Bogdan Petcu et al.     The contribution of the local stem cell niche to providing an adequate vascular framework during healing cannot be overemphasized. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are known to have a …             Metabolic/Proteomic Signature Defines Two Glioblastoma Subtypes With Different Clinical Outcome ▶     G. Marziali, M. Signore, M. Buccarelli et al.     Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest human cancers. Because of the extremely unfavorable prognosis of GBM, it is important to develop more effective diagnostic and …             Co-activation of AKT and c-Met triggers rapid hepatocellular carcinoma development via the mTORC1/FASN pathway in mice ▶     Junjie Hu, Li Che, Lei Li et al.     Activation of the AKT/mTOR cascade and overexpression of c-Met have been implicated in the development of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To elucidate the functional …               • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Postdoctoral Fellowships in Health Sciences - 45 positions     University of Oslo            Senior Staff Research Associate     University of California - San Francisco            Research Assistant     University of Bristol            Research Associate     The University of Manchester            Research Fellow     TU Dresden            Research Scientist     Coriell Institute for Medical Research            Postdoctoral Research Assistant - Bioinformatics     University of Dundee            MRC Postdoctoral Scientist     Medical Research Council            1-year bridging Post Doc fellowship     Danish Diabetes Academy            INDP2016 - 8 Fully Funded PhD Fellowships     Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. Keep up-to-date with the latest sector trends, vote in our reader poll and sign-up to receive the monthly Naturejobs newsletter.           • Scientific Reports events Directory featured events           natureevents directory featured events         Physical Biology of the Cell     18.09.16 Woods Hole, USA         Natureevents Directory is the premier resource for scientists looking for the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia. Featured across Nature Publishing Group journals and centrally at natureevents.com it is an essential reference guide to scientific events worldwide.               Your email address is in the Scientific Reports: Biology mailing list. You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time, by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at: www.nature.com/nams/svc/myaccount (You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant). For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department Nature Publishing Group | One New York Plaza, Suite 4500 | New York | NY 10004-1562 | USA Nature Publishing Group's offices: Principal offices: London - New York - Tokyo Worldwide offices: Basingstoke - Boston - Buenos Aires - Delhi - Hong Kong - Madrid - Melbourne - Munich - Paris - San Francisco - Seoul - Washington DC Macmillan Publishers Limited is a company incorporated in England and Wales under company number 785998 and whose registered office is located at Brunel Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. © 2016 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.