Nature Immunology Contents: January 2016 Volume 17 pp 1 - 112

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TABLE OF CONTENTS January 2016 Volume 17, Issue 1 Focus Editorial Reviews Perspective News and Views Research Highlights Articles Resource Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Focus Top Focus on Macrophages Contents Editorial Reviews Perspective Nature Immunology presents a Focus on recent progress in understanding the ontogeny, functional diversity and activation plasticity of macrophages. Four specially commissioned Reviews and one Perspective discuss the newest insight into the origin and development of macrophages and the regulation of their activation during immune responses, as well as the emerging role of macrophages in tissue homeostasis. Editorial Top Focus on Macrophages A complex cell   p1 doi:10.1038/ni.3351 New data redefine macrophages as diverse, polyfunctional and plastic cells that respond to the needs of the tissue at steady state and during disturbed homeostasis. Reviews Top Focus on Macrophages The development and maintenance of resident macrophages   pp2 - 8 Elisa Gomez Perdiguero and Frederic Geissmann doi:10.1038/ni.3341 Gomez Perdiguero and Geissmann discuss the origin of tissue macrophages as a layered system composed of resident macrophages originating mostly from yolk-sac progenitor cells and transitory myeloid cells that originate and renew from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. Focus on Macrophages Tissue biology perspective on macrophages   pp9 - 17 Yasutaka Okabe and Ruslan Medzhitov doi:10.1038/ni.3320 Macrophages are essential components of mammalian tissues. In this Review, Okabe and Medzhitov discuss the emerging views of macrophage biology from evolutionary, developmental and homeostatic perspectives. Focus on Macrophages The role of the local environment and epigenetics in shaping macrophage identity and their effect on tissue homeostasis   pp18 - 25 Ido Amit, Deborah R Winter and Steffen Jung doi:10.1038/ni.3325 In addition to their role in systemic innate immunity, macrophages have important tissue-specific roles. In this Review, Jung and colleagues discuss how differentiation and tissue-specific activation of macrophages are regulated. Focus on Macrophages Molecular control of activation and priming in macrophages   pp26 - 33 Christopher K Glass and Gioacchino Natoli doi:10.1038/ni.3306 Glass and Natoli review recent advances in the understanding of mechanisms underlying priming and signal-dependent activation of macrophages, and discuss the impact of genetic variation on these processes. Perspective Top Focus on Macrophages New insights into the multidimensional concept of macrophage ontogeny, activation and function   pp34 - 40 Florent Ginhoux, Joachim L Schultze, Peter J Murray, Jordi Ochando and Subhra K Biswas doi:10.1038/ni.3324 Ginhoux and colleagues discuss how recent advances in macrophage development and functional diversity indicate a multidimensional concept of macrophage ontogeny, activation and function. News and Views Top Glycolysis and EZH2 boost T cell weaponry against tumors   pp41 - 42 Glenn R Bantug and Christoph Hess doi:10.1038/ni.3346 Low availability of glucose in tumors negatively affects the activity of tumor-infiltrating T cells. Loss of T cell function under these conditions is mediated by the microRNAs miR-101 and miR-26a, which target expression of the methytransferase EZH2 and thereby diminish the expression of anti-tumor cytokines. See also: Article by Zhao et al. Putting the brakes on ILC2 cells   pp43 - 44 Christina Stehle, Philippe Saikali and Chiara Romagnani doi:10.1038/ni.3353 Immune responses are characterized by the concerted actions of both effector mechanisms and regulatory mechanisms. Signaling via the transcription factor STAT1 downstream of receptors for interferons and interleukin 27 (IL-27) can suppress type 2 immune responses induced by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). See also: Article by Duerr et al. | Article by Moro et al. The cell identity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes   pp45 - 46 David E Sanin and Edward J Pearce doi:10.1038/ni.3350 Understanding cytotoxic T cells has been a major focus of immunology research for decades. Proteomic profiling of these cells now brings them into unprecedented and revealing focus. See also: Resource by Hukelmann et al. Immunology JOBS of the week Independent Group Leader in Molecular Immunology (TV-L E15) Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Gene Center Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Tumor Immunology Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Post-Doctoral Position in Tumor Immunology University of Maryland Baltimore, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center Lab Head, Immunology and Biochemistry Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Cell Biology / Cellular Immunology / intracellular trafficking University of Oslo More Science jobs from Immunology EVENT 16th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference & EXPO SGEM2016 28th June - 7th July 2016 Albena, Bulgaria More science events from Research Highlights Top A gut vascular barrier | Treg cell wiring | Pathogenicity control | Insulin resistance: old or obese? | ADAR1 regulates Mda5-MAVS | TAMs in border security Advertisement Nature Reviews Drug Discovery Special on targeting the IL-17 pathway in inflammatory disease POSTER - Targeting the IL-17 pathway in inflammatory disease ANIMATION - Psoriasis and beyond: targeting the IL-17 pathway Animation and Poster produced with support from Eli Lilly and Company   Articles Top Selective programming of CCR10+ innate lymphoid cells in skin-draining lymph nodes for cutaneous homeostatic regulation   pp48 - 56 Jie Yang, Shaomin Hu, Luming Zhao, Daniel H Kaplan, Gary H Perdew et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3312 The mechanisms that regulate the tissue-specific localization and functions of innate lymphoid cells are poorly understood. Xiong and colleagues find that CCR10+ innate lymphoid cells are selectively programmed in skin-draining lymph nodes for cutaneous homeostatic regulation. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells license dendritic cells to potentiate memory TH2 cell responses   pp57 - 64 Timotheus Y F Halim, You Yi Hwang, Seth T Scanlon, Habib Zaghouani, Natalio Garbi et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3294 Memory TH2 cells are rapidly recruited to tissues after exposure to stimulatory ligands. McKenzie and colleagues demonstrate that ILC2s have an essential role in facilitating TH2 cell memory responses in lung, skin and gut. Type I interferon restricts type 2 immunopathology through the regulation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells   pp65 - 75 Claudia U Duerr, Connor D A McCarthy, Barbara C Mindt, Manuel Rubio, Alexandre P Meli et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3308 Dysregulation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells has been linked to virus-induced asthma. Fritz and colleagues demonstrate that deficiency in signaling via type I interferons in these cells can lead to dysregulated type 2 immunity during respiratory viral infection. See also: News and Views by Stehle et al. Interferon and IL-27 antagonize the function of group 2 innate lymphoid cells and type 2 innate immune responses   pp76 - 86 Kazuyo Moro, Hiroki Kabata, Masanobu Tanabe, Satoshi Koga, Natsuki Takeno et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3309 The signals that negatively regulate group 2 innate lymphoid cells are incompletely understood. Moro and colleagues show that interferons and IL-27 restrain the function and proliferation of these cells in vitro and in vivo through a mechanism dependent on the transcription factor STAT1. See also: News and Views by Stehle et al. Structural interplay between germline interactions and adaptive recognition determines the bandwidth of TCR-peptide-MHC cross-reactivity   pp87 - 94 Jarrett J Adams, Samanthi Narayanan, Michael E Birnbaum, Sachdev S Sidhu, Sydney J Blevins et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3310 The TCR-peptide-MHC interface is composed of conserved and diverse regions, but the relative contributions of each in shaping T cell recognition remain unclear. Garcia and colleagues show consistent germline interactions between TCR and MHC, but enough flexibility in the TCR-peptide-MHC interface to allow adjustment for different peptides. Cancer mediates effector T cell dysfunction by targeting microRNAs and EZH2 via glycolysis restriction   pp95 - 103 Ende Zhao, Tomasz Maj, Ilona Kryczek, Wei Li, Ke Wu et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3313 Glucose availability is limiting in tumor environments. Zou and colleagues show that reduced glycolytic metabolism in T cells within tumors suppresses expression of the methyltransferase EZH2, which limits production of antitumor effector molecules and enhances T cell apoptosis. See also: News and Views by Bantug & Hess Resource Top The cytotoxic T cell proteome and its shaping by the kinase mTOR   pp104 - 112 Jens L Hukelmann, Karen E Anderson, Linda V Sinclair, Katarzyna M Grzes, Alejandro Brenes Murillo et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3314 Proteomic profiling can provide new insight into the cellular regulation of effector functions. Cantrell and colleagues report discordant mRNA profiles and protein profiles in activated CD8+ T cells and reveal new roles for mTORC1 in regulating the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. See also: News and Views by Sanin & Pearce Top Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. 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