Scientific Reports Earth Sciences Table of Contents e-alert: 03 November 2015

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03 November 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Earth & Environmental Sciences               Decadal trends of the upper ocean salinity in the tropical Indo-Pacific since mid-1990s ▶     Yan Du, Yuhong Zhang, Ming Feng et al.     A contrasting trend pattern of sea surface salinity (SSS) between the western tropical Pacific (WTP) and the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) is observed during …             Changing fluxes of carbon and other solutes from the Mekong River ▶     Siyue Li, Richard T. Bush     Rivers are an important aquatic conduit that connects terrestrial sources of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and other elements with oceanic reservoirs. The Mekong River, one of …             Sampling frequency affects estimates of annual nitrous oxide fluxes ▶     L. Barton, B. Wolf, D. Rowlings et al.     Quantifying nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, a potent greenhouse gas, from soils is necessary to improve our knowledge of terrestrial N2O losses. Developing universal sampling …             Boulders on asteroid Toutatis as observed by Chang’e-2 ▶     Yun Jiang, Jianghui Ji, Jiangchuan Huang et al.     Boulders are ubiquitously found on the surfaces of small rocky bodies in the inner solar system and their spatial and size distributions give insight into the geological …             Species, Abundance and Function of Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea in Inland Waters across China ▶     Leiliu Zhou, Shanyun Wang, Yuxuan Zou et al.     Ammonia oxidation is the first step in nitrification and was thought to be performed solely by specialized bacteria. The discovery of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) changed this …             Integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time detection of airborne microorganisms ▶     Jeongan Choi, Miran Kang, Jae Hee Jung     We demonstrate an integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time, continuous detection and quantification of airborne microorganisms. Measurements of the fluorescence and …             Universal Stochastic Multiscale Image Fusion: An Example Application for Shale Rock ▶     Kirill M. Gerke, Marina V. Karsanina, Dirk Mallants     Spatial data captured with sensors of different resolution would provide a maximum degree of information if the data were to be merged into a single image representing all …             Vegetation Greening and Climate Change Promote Multidecadal Rises of Global Land Evapotranspiration ▶     Ke Zhang, John S. Kimball, Ramakrishna R. Nemani et al.     Recent studies showed that anomalous dry conditions and limited moisture supply roughly between 1998 and 2008, especially in the Southern Hemisphere, led to reduced vegetation …             Atmospheric ammonia and its impacts on regional air quality over the megacity of Shanghai, China ▶     Shanshan Wang, Jialiang Nan, Chanzhen Shi et al.     Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) has great environmental implications due to its important role in ecosystem and global nitrogen cycle, as well as contribution to secondary particle …             Biochar, activated carbon, and carbon nanotubes have different effects on fate of 14C-catechol and microbial community in soil ▶     Jun Shan, Rong Ji, Yongjie Yu et al.     This study investigated the effects of biochar, activated carbon (AC)-, and single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) in various concentrations (0, 0.2, …             Plant Species Rather Than Climate Greatly Alters the Temporal Pattern of Litter Chemical Composition During Long-Term Decomposition ▶     Yongfu Li, Na Chen, Mark E. Harmon et al.     A feedback between decomposition and litter chemical composition occurs with decomposition altering composition that in turn influences the decomposition rate. Elucidating the …             Light-intensity grazing improves alpine meadow productivity and adaption to climate change on the Tibetan Plateau ▶     Tao Zhang, Yangjian Zhang, Mingjie Xu et al.     To explore grazing effects on carbon fluxes in alpine meadow ecosystems, we used a paired eddy-covariance (EC) system to measure carbon fluxes in adjacent fenced (FM) and grazed …             Plant-microbe rhizosphere interactions mediated by Rehmannia glutinosa root exudates under consecutive monoculture ▶     Linkun Wu, Juanying Wang, Weimin Huang et al.     Under consecutive monoculture, the biomass and quality of Rehmannia glutinosa declines significantly. Consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa in a four-year field trial led to …             Identifying the metabolic perturbations in earthworm induced by cypermethrin using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics ▶     Ratnasekhar Ch, Amit Kumar Singh, Pathya Pandey et al.     Globally, cypermethrin is one of the most widely used synthetic pyrethroid for agricultural and domestic purposes. Most part of the pesticides used in the agriculture ends up as …             3D chemical imaging in the laboratory by hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography ▶     C. K. Egan, S. D. M. Jacques, M. D. Wilson et al.     We report the development of laboratory based hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography which allows the internal elemental chemistry of an object to be reconstructed and …             Erratum: An 80 kyr-long continuous speleothem record from Dim Cave, SW Turkey with paleoclimatic implications for the Eastern Mediterranean ▶     Ezgi Ünal-İmer, James Shulmeister, Jian-Xin Zhao et al.                 Microbial mediation of complex subterranean mineral structures ▶     Nicola Tisato, Stefano F. F. Torriani, Sylvain Monteux et al.     Helictites—an enigmatic type of mineral structure occurring in some caves—differ from classical speleothems as they develop with orientations that defy gravity. While theories …             Recent Arctic tundra fire initiates widespread thermokarst development ▶     Benjamin M. Jones, Guido Grosse, Christopher D. Arp et al.     Fire-induced permafrost degradation is well documented in boreal forests, but the role of fires in initiating thermokarst development in Arctic tundra is less well understood. …             Forecasting magma-chamber rupture at Santorini volcano, Greece ▶     John Browning, Kyriaki Drymoni, Agust Gudmundsson     How much magma needs to be added to a shallow magma chamber to cause rupture, dyke injection, and a potential eruption? Models that yield reliable answers to this question are …             Alteration of intracellular protein expressions as a key mechanism of the deterioration of bacterial denitrification caused by copper oxide nanoparticles ▶     Yinglong Su, Xiong Zheng, Yinguang Chen et al.     The increasing production and utilization of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) result in the releases into the environment. However, the influence of CuO NPs on bacterial …             Biogeographical role of the Kuroshio Current in the amphibious mudskipper Periophthalmus modestus indicated by mitochondrial DNA data ▶     Lijun He, Takahiko Mukai, Ka Hou Chu et al.     Quaternary climatic cycles have influenced marine organisms’ spatial distribution and population dynamics. This study aimed to elucidate the evolutionary influences of …             Iodine source apportionment in the Malawian diet ▶     M. J. Watts, E. J. M. Joy, S. D. Young et al.     The aim of this study was to characterise nutritional-I status in Malawi. Dietary-I intakes were assessed using new datasets of crop, fish, salt and water-I concentrations, while …             Soil restoration with organic amendments: linking cellular functionality and ecosystem processes ▶     F. Bastida, N. Selevsek, I. F. Torres et al.     A hot topic in recent decades, the application of organic amendments to arid-degraded soils has been shown to benefit microbially-mediated processes. However, despite the …             Complementarity among plant growth promoting traits in rhizospheric bacterial communities promotes plant growth ▶     Mangal Singh, Ashutosh Awasthi, Sumit K. Soni et al.     An assessment of roles of rhizospheric microbial diversity in plant growth is helpful in understanding plant-microbe interactions. Using random combinations of rhizospheric …             Novel Self-driven Microbial Nutrient Recovery Cell with Simultaneous Wastewater Purification ▶     Xi Chen, Dongya Sun, Xiaoyuan Zhang et al.     Conventional wastewater purification technologies consume large amounts of energy, while the abundant chemical energy and nutrient resources contained in sewage are wasted in …             Increases in both temperature means and extremes likely facilitate invasive herbivore outbreaks ▶     Rui-Ting Ju, Hai-Yan Zhu, Lei Gao et al.     Although increases in mean temperature (MT) and extreme high temperature (EHT) can greatly affect population dynamics of insects under global warming, how concurrent changes in …             Long-term rice cultivation stabilizes soil organic carbon and promotes soil microbial activity in a salt marsh derived soil chronosequence ▶     Ping Wang, Yalong Liu, Lianqing Li et al.     Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration with enhanced stable carbon storage has been widely accepted as a very important ecosystem property. 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