Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 10 November 2015

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10 November 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology FREE POSTER - Stem cell states: naive to primed pluripotency  This Poster provides an overview of the signalling pathways currently known to promote or suppress the naive and primed pluripotency states in mice, and highlights potential differences between mice and humans. It also provides an overview of culture conditions that confer naive and/or primed features to cells. Produced with support from STEMCELL Technologies           Biological Sciences               Flexible navigation response in common cuckoos Cuculus canorus displaced experimentally during migration ▶     Mikkel Willemoes, Julio Blas, Martin Wikelski et al.     Migrating birds follow innate species-specific migration programs capable of guiding them along complex spatio-temporal routes, which may include several separate staging areas. …             Superinfection exclusion is absent during acute Junin virus infection of Vero and A549 cells ▶     Raphaël Gaudin, Tomas Kirchhausen     Many viruses have evolved strategies of so-called “superinfection exclusion” to prevent re-infection of a cell that the same virus has already infected. Although Old World …             Urinary neopterin, a non-invasive marker of mammalian cellular immune activation, is highly stable under field conditions ▶     Michael Heistermann, James P. Higham     Studying immunity and immune function in ecology and evolution requires field studies, but there has been a dearth of non-invasive markers of immune activation available for …             Deciphering Supramolecular Structures with Protein-Protein Interaction Network Modeling ▶     Toshiyuki Tsuji, Takao Yoda, Tsuyoshi Shirai     Many biological molecules are assembled into supramolecules that are essential to perform complicated functions in the cell. However, experimental information about the …             The Directional Observation of Highly Dynamic Membrane Tubule Formation Induced by Engulfed Liposomes ▶     Xiaoming Zhang, Luru Dai, Anhe Wang et al.     Highly dynamic tubular structures in cells are responsible for exchanges between organelles. Compared with bacterial invasion, the most affordable and least toxic lipids were …             TIMP-1 mediates TGF-β-dependent crosstalk between hepatic stellate and cancer cells via FAK signaling ▶     Sang-A Park, Min-Jin Kim, So-Yeon Park et al.     Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays a key role in progression and metastasis of HCC. This study was undertaken to gain the proof of concept of a small-molecule …             Muscle tissue engineering and regeneration through epigenetic reprogramming and scaffold manipulation ▶     S.J. Tan, J.Y. Fang, Y. Wu et al.     Efficiency of cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been limited by inadequate cellular responses to injury because of aging and poor controllability of …             Investigation of the fatty acid transporter-encoding genes SLC27A3 and SLC27A4 in autism ▶     Motoko Maekawa, Yoshimi Iwayama, Tetsuo Ohnishi et al.     The solute carrier 27A (SLC27A) gene family encodes fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs) and includes 6 members. During fetal and postnatal periods of development, the growing …             Cultural traditions across a migratory network shape the genetic structure of southern right whales around Australia and New Zealand ▶     E. L. Carroll, C. S. Baker, M. Watson et al.     Fidelity to migratory destinations is an important driver of connectivity in marine and avian species. Here we assess the role of maternally directed learning of migratory …             A metabolomics study delineating geographical location-associated primary metabolic changes in the leaves of growing tobacco plants by GC-MS and CE-MS ▶     Yanni Zhao, Jieyu Zhao, Chunxia Zhao et al.     Ecological conditions and developmental senescence significantly affect the physiological metabolism of plants, yet relatively little is known about the influence of geographical …             Bats and Rodents Shape Mammalian Retroviral Phylogeny ▶     Jie Cui, Gilda Tachedjian, Lin-Fa Wang     Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) represent past retroviral infections and accordingly can provide an ideal framework to infer virus-host interaction over their evolutionary …             The Biarzo case in northern Italy: is the temporal dynamic of swine mitochondrial DNA lineages in Europe related to domestication? ▶     Stefania Vai, Sibelle Torres Vilaça, Matteo Romandini et al.     Genetically-based reconstructions of the history of pig domestication in Europe are based on two major pillars: 1) the temporal changes of mitochondrial DNA lineages are related …             Forager bees (Apis mellifera) highly express immune and detoxification genes in tissues associated with nectar processing ▶     Rachel L. Vannette, Abbas Mohamed, Brian R. Johnson     Pollinators, including honey bees, routinely encounter potentially harmful microorganisms and phytochemicals during foraging. However, the mechanisms by which honey bees manage …             Size does matter: 18 amino acids at the N-terminal tip of an amino acid transporter in Leishmania determine substrate specificity ▶     Doreen Schlisselberg, Eldar Mazarib, Ehud Inbar et al.     Long N-terminal tails of amino acid transporters are known to act as sensors of the internal pool of amino acids and as positive regulators of substrate flux rate. In this study …             Identification of genetic factors that modify motor performance and body weight using Collaborative Cross mice ▶     Jian-Hua Mao, Sasha A. Langley, Yurong Huang et al.     Evidence has emerged that suggests a link between motor deficits, obesity and many neurological disorders. However, the contributing genetic risk factors are poorly understood. …             Multimodal super-resolution optical microscopy visualizes the close connection between membrane and the cytoskeleton in liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrations ▶     Viola Mönkemöller, Cristina Øie, Wolfgang Hübner et al.     Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) act as a filter between blood and the hepatocytes. LSECs are highly fenestrated cells; they contain transcellular pores with diameters …             Chronic Stress Alters Spatial Representation and Bursting Patterns of Place Cells in Behaving Mice ▶     Mijeong Park, Chong-Hyun Kim, Seonmi Jo et al.     Chronic uncontrollable stress has been shown to produce various physiological alterations and impair mnemonic functions in the rodent hippocampus. Impacts on neuronal activities, …             A potential prognostic long non-coding RNA signature to predict metastasis-free survival of breast cancer patients ▶     Jie Sun, Xihai Chen, Zhenzhen Wang et al.     Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in a variety of biological processes, and dysregulated lncRNAs have demonstrated potential roles as biomarkers and therapeutic …             IL-6 Inhibits Starvation-induced Autophagy via the STAT3/Bcl-2 Signaling Pathway ▶     Beibei Qin, Zhuo Zhou, Jianqin He et al.     IL-6, a pleiotropic cytokine, has been investigated for its role in regulating autophagy. Yet, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we show that IL-6 exerted …             Late Eocene white pines (Pinus subgenus Strobus) from southern China ▶     Qingqing Xu, Wenjun Zhou, Tatiana M. Kodrul et al.     Fossil records indicate that the genus Pinus L. split into two subgenera by the Late Cretaceous, although subgenus Strobus (D. Don) Lemmon is less well documented than subgenus …             Metformin inhibits hepatocellular glucose, lipid and cholesterol biosynthetic pathways by transcriptionally suppressing steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2) ▶     Andre Madsen, Olivera Bozickovic, Jan-Inge Bjune et al.     The ability of the anti-diabetic drug metformin to inhibit anabolic processes including gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis is partly attributable to activation of the AMP-activated …             miR-150 Regulates Differentiation and Cytolytic Effector Function in CD8+ T cells ▶     Norah L. Smith, Erin M. Wissink, Andrew Grimson et al.     MicroRNAs regulate most mammalian genes, and they control numerous aspects of immune system development and function. Their precise roles in the CD8+ T cell response, however, …             Olfaction and topography, but not magnetic cues, control navigation in a pelagic seabird: displacements with shearwaters in the Mediterranean Sea ▶     Enrica Pollonara, Paolo Luschi, Tim Guilford et al.     Pelagic seabirds wander the open oceans then return accurately to their habitual nest-sites. We investigated the effects of sensory manipulation on oceanic navigation in …             Individual honey bee (Apis cerana) foragers adjust their fuel load to match variability in forage reward ▶     Ken Tan, Tanya Latty, Shihao Dong et al.     Animals may adjust their behavior according to their perception of risk. Here we show that free-flying honey bee (Apis cerana) foragers mitigate the risk of starvation in the …             Reciprocal regulation of RORγt acetylation and function by p300 and HDAC1 ▶     Qingsi Wu, Jia Nie, Yayi Gao et al.     T helper 17 (Th17) cells not only play critical roles in protecting against bacterial and fungal infections but are also involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The …             Convergent evolution of marine mammals is associated with distinct substitutions in common genes ▶     Xuming Zhou, Inge Seim, Vadim N. Gladyshev     Phenotypic convergence is thought to be driven by parallel substitutions coupled with natural selection at the sequence level. Multiple independent evolutionary transitions of …             Identifying robust communities and multi-community nodes by combining top-down and bottom-up approaches to clustering ▶     Chris Gaiteri, Mingming Chen, Boleslaw Szymanski et al.     Biological functions are carried out by groups of interacting molecules, cells or tissues, known as communities. Membership in these communities may overlap when biological …             The comparative risk of developing postoperative complications in patients with distal radius fractures following different treatment modalities ▶     Wen-Jun Qiu, Yi-Fan Li, Yun-Han Ji et al.     In this study, we performed a network meta-analysis to compare the outcomes of seven most common surgical procedures to fix DRF, including bridging external fixation, …             A novel function of the human oncogene Stil: Regulation of PC12 cell toxic susceptibility through the Shh pathway ▶     Lei Li, Aprell L. Carr, Lei Sun et al.     The human oncogene SCL/TAL1 interrupting locus (Stil) is highly conserved in vertebrate species. Here, we report new findings of Stil in the regulation of toxic susceptibility in …             Revisiting the reference genomes of human pathogenic Cryptosporidium species: reannotation of C. parvum Iowa and a new C. hominis reference ▶     Juan P. Isaza, Ana Luz Galván, Victor Polanco et al.     Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis are the most relevant species of this genus for human health. Both cause a self-limiting diarrhea in immunocompetent individuals, but cause …             LKB1 Regulates Cerebellar Development by Controlling Sonic Hedgehog-mediated Granule Cell Precursor Proliferation and Granule Cell Migration ▶     Yuqin Men, Aizhen Zhang, Haixiang Li et al.     The Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) gene plays crucial roles in cell differentiation, proliferation and the establishment of cell polarity. We created LKB1 conditional knockout mice (LKB1…             The role of H4 flagella in Escherichia coli ST131 virulence ▶     Asha Kakkanat, Makrina Totsika, Kolja Schaale et al.     Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is a globally dominant multidrug resistant clone associated with urinary tract and bloodstream infections. Most ST131 strains exhibit …             Molecular Characterization of Growth Hormone-producing Tumors in the GC Rat Model of Acromegaly ▶     Juan F. Martín-Rodríguez, Jose L. Muñoz-Bravo, Alejandro Ibañez-Costa et al.     Acromegaly is a disorder resulting from excessive production of growth hormone (GH) and consequent increase of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I), most frequently caused by …             The genetic regulatory network centered on Pto-Wuschela and its targets involved in wood formation revealed by association studies ▶     Xiaohui Yang, Zunzheng Wei, Qingzhang Du et al.     Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression and can strongly affect phenotypes. However, few studies have examined TF variants and TF interactions with their targets in …             Transdifferentiation of periodontal ligament-derived stem cells into retinal ganglion-like cells and its microRNA signature ▶     Tsz Kin Ng, Jasmine S. Y. Yung, Kwong Wai Choy et al.     Retinal diseases are the leading causes of irreversible visual impairment and blindness in the developed countries. Human retina has limited regenerative power to replace cell …             Tea polyphenols as an antivirulence compound Disrupt Quorum-Sensing Regulated Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Honging Yin, Yifeng Deng, Huafu Wang et al.     Green tea, a water extract of non-fermented leaves of Camellia sinensis L., is one of the nonalcoholic beverages in China. It is becoming increasingly popular worldwide, because …             An EGFR/Src-dependent β4 integrin/FAK complex contributes to malignancy of breast cancer ▶     Yu-Ling Tai, Pei-Yu Chu, I-Rue Lai et al.     β4 integrin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are often associated with a poor prognosis in cancer patients, and their signaling events have recently been linked to malignant …             Excess salt exacerbates blood-brain barrier disruption via a p38/MAPK/SGK1-dependent pathway in permanent cerebral ischemia ▶     Tongshuai Zhang, Shaohong Fang, Cong Wan et al.     High salt diet (HSD) is one of the most important risk factors that contribute to many vascular diseases including ischemic stroke. One proposed mechanism underlying the …             Mitochondria-related miR-141-3p contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in HFD-induced obesity by inhibiting PTEN ▶     Juan Ji, Yufeng Qin, Jing Ren et al.     Mitochondria-related microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as key regulators of cell metabolism and can modulate mitochondrial fusion and division. In order to investigate the …             Ratiometric and colorimetric near-infrared sensors for multi-channel detection of cyanide ion and their application to measure β-glucosidase ▶     Panfei Xing, Yongqian Xu, Hongjuan Li et al.     A near-infrared sensor for cyanide ion (CN−) was developed via internal charge transfer (ICT). This sensor can selectively detect CN− either through dual-ratiometric fluorescence …             SENP1 desensitizes hypoxic ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin by up-regulating HIF-1α ▶     Qilin Ao, Wenjing Su, Shuang Guo et al.     Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is closely related to chemoresistance of ovarian cancers. Although it is reported that HIF-1α can be regulated by Sentrin/SUMO-specific …             Dual ligand/receptor interactions activate urothelial defenses against uropathogenic E. coli ▶     Yan Liu, Sylvie Mémet, Ricardo Saban et al.     During urinary tract infection (UTI), the second most common bacterial infection, dynamic interactions take place between uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and host urothelial cells. …             Role of genetic mutations in folate-related enzyme genes on Male Infertility ▶     Kang Liu, Ruizhe Zhao, Min Shen et al.     Several studies showed that the genetic mutations in the folate-related enzyme genes might be associated with male infertility; however, the results were still inconsistent. We …             Mechanisms underlying the activity-dependent regulation of locomotor network performance by the Na+ pump ▶     Hong-Yan Zhang, Laurence Picton, Wen-Chang Li et al.     Activity-dependent modification of neural network output usually results from changes in neurotransmitter release and/or membrane conductance. In Xenopus frog tadpoles, spinal …             Multiple exaggerated weapon morphs: a novel form of male polymorphism in harvestmen ▶     Christina J. Painting, Anna F. Probert, Daniel J. Townsend et al.     Alternative reproductive tactics in animals are commonly associated with distinct male phenotypes resulting in polymorphism of sexually selected weapons such as horns and spines. …             Microbial immigration across the Mediterranean via airborne dust ▶     Riccardo Rosselli, Maura Fiamma, Massimo Deligios et al.     Dust particles lifting and discharge from Africa to Europe is a recurring phenomenon linked to air circulation conditions. The possibility that microorganisms are conveyed across …             Dense sampling reveals behavioral oscillations in rapid visual categorization ▶     Jan Drewes, Weina Zhu, Andreas Wutz et al.     Perceptual systems must create discrete objects and events out of a continuous flow of sensory information. Previous studies have demonstrated oscillatory effects in the …             Lignosus rhinocerotis (Cooke) Ryvarden mimics the neuritogenic activity of nerve growth factor via MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in PC-12 cells ▶     Syntyche Ling-Sing Seow, Lee-Fang Eik, Murali Naidu et al.     The traditional application of the sclerotium of Lignosus rhinocerotis (tiger’s milk mushroom) by the indigenous folks as tonic and remedy to treat a variety of ailments has been …             Mycobacterium tuberculosis Inhibits RAB7 Recruitment to Selectively Modulate Autophagy Flux in Macrophages ▶     Pallavi Chandra, Swapnil Ghanwat, Sumit Kumar Matta et al.     Here we report a novel regulatory mechanism for autophagy-mediated degradation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and specific strategy exploited by the virulent Mtb to evade …             Corrigendum: Plasticity of Listeriolysin O Pores and its Regulation by pH and Unique Histidine ▶     Marjetka Podobnik, Marta Marchioretto, Manuela Zanetti et al.                 ZFP36L1 promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation by repressing CDK6 ▶     Ming-Tai Chen, Lei Dong, Xin-Hua Zhang et al.     RNA binding proteins (RBPs)-mediated post-transcriptional control has been implicated in influencing various aspects of RNA metabolism and playing important roles in mammalian …             The role of residence time in diagnostic models of global carbon storage capacity: model decomposition based on a traceable scheme ▶     Chen Yizhao, Xia Jianyang, Sun Zhengguo et al.     As a key factor that determines carbon storage capacity, residence time (τE) is not well constrained in terrestrial biosphere models. This factor is recognized as an important …             Simultaneous effective carbon and nitrogen removals and phosphorus recovery in an intermittently aerated membrane bioreactor integrated system ▶     Yun-Kun Wang, Xin-Rong Pan, Yi-Kun Geng et al.     Recovering nutrients, especially phosphate resource, from wastewater have attracted increasing interest recently. Herein, an intermittently aerated membrane bioreactor (MBR) with …             Rapid identification of haloarchaea and methanoarchaea using the matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry ▶     Chao-Jen Shih, Sheng-Chung Chen, Chieh-Yin Weng et al.     The aim of this study was to classify certain environmental haloarchaea and methanoarchaea using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry …             A comparative genomics and reductive dehalogenase gene transcription study of two chloroethene-respiring bacteria, Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains MB and 11a ▶     Adrian Low, Zhiyong Shen, Dan Cheng et al.     Genomes of two trichloroethene (TCE)-respiring Dehalococcoides (Dhc) mccartyi, strains MB and 11a, were sequenced to identify reductive dehalogenases (RDase) responsible for …             A High-content screen identifies compounds promoting the neuronal differentiation and the midbrain dopamine neuron specification of human neural progenitor cells ▶     Ji heon Rhim, Xiangjian Luo, Xiaoyun Xu et al.     Small molecule compounds promoting the neuronal differentiation of stem/progenitor cells are of pivotal importance to regenerative medicine. We carried out a high-content screen …             Synthetic Tet-inducible artificial microRNAs targeting β-catenin or HIF-1α inhibit malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer cells T24 and 5637 ▶     Yonghao Zhan, Yuchen Liu, Junhao Lin et al.     Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) based on microRNA (miRNA) may provide efficient and safe therapeutic opportunities. However, natural microRNAs can not easily be regulated …             Chemogenomic profiling of Plasmodium falciparum as a tool to aid antimalarial drug discovery ▶     Anupam Pradhan, Geoffrey H. Siwo, Naresh Singh et al.     The spread of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance highlights the urgency to discover new targets and chemical scaffolds. Unfortunately, lack of experimentally validated …             Enhanced response inhibition in experienced fencers ▶     Dandan Zhang, Haiyan Ding, Xiaochun Wang et al.     The inhibition of a prepotent response is an essential executive function which enables us to suppress inappropriate actions in a given context. Individuals with fencing …             A high risk of osteosarcoma in individuals who are homozygous for the p.D104N in endostatin ▶     Wen-Zhi Bi, Dian-Wei Li, Song Luo et al.     The D104N polymorphism (p.D104N) in endostatin has been previously identified in many types of cancer, and this polymorphism is believed to be a phenotypic modulator in some …             Highly efficient radiosensitization of human glioblastoma and lung cancer cells by a G-quadruplex DNA binding compound ▶     Patrick Merle, Marine Gueugneau, Marie-Paule Teulade-Fichou et al.     Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the end of chromosomes which stabilize and protect them from nucleotidic degradation and end-to-end fusions. The G-rich telomeric …             Evolutionarily Conserved Sequence Features Regulate the Formation of the FG Network at the Center of the Nuclear Pore Complex ▶     M. Peyro, M. Soheilypour, B.L. Lee et al.     The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the portal for bidirectional transportation of cargos between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. While most of the structural elements of the NPC, …             The effect of short-chain fatty acids on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells ▶     Claudia Nastasi, Marco Candela, Charlotte Menné Bonefeld et al.     The gut microbiota is essential for human health and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), such as acetate, butyrate …             Combination of acamprosate and baclofen as a promising therapeutic approach for Parkinson’s disease ▶     Rodolphe Hajj, Aude Milet, Damien Toulorge et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the loss of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons but which involves the loss of additional …             Rapid and robust generation of long-term self-renewing human neural stem cells with the ability to generate mature astroglia ▶     Thomas Palm, Silvia Bolognin, Johannes Meiser et al.     Induced pluripotent stem cell bear the potential to differentiate into any desired cell type and hold large promise for disease-in-a-dish cell-modeling approaches. With the …             Increased costs reduce reciprocal helping behaviour of humans in a virtual evacuation experiment ▶     Nikolai W. F. Bode, Jordan Miller, Rick O’Gorman et al.     Altruistic behaviour is widespread and highly developed in humans and can also be found in some animal species. It has been suggested that altruistic tendencies can depend on …             Brain size regulations by cbp haploinsufficiency evaluated by in-vivo MRI based volumetry ▶     Juan C. Ateca-Cabarga, Alejandro Cosa, Vicente Pallarés et al.     The Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome (RSTS) is a congenital disease that affects brain development causing severe cognitive deficits. In most cases the disease is associated with …             A method for estimating spikelet number per panicle: Integrating image analysis and a 5-point calibration model ▶     Sanqin Zhao, Jiabing Gu, Youyong Zhao et al.     Spikelet number per panicle (SNPP) is one of the most important yield components used to estimate rice yields. The use of high-throughput quantitative image analysis methods for …             De novo protein conformational sampling using a probabilistic graphical model ▶     Debswapna Bhattacharya, Jianlin Cheng     Efficient exploration of protein conformational space remains challenging especially for large proteins when assembling discretized structural fragments extracted from a protein …             Targeted, noninvasive blockade of cortical neuronal activity ▶     Nathan McDannold, Yongzhi Zhang, Chanikarn Power et al.     Here we describe a novel method to noninvasively modulate targeted brain areas through the temporary disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via focused ultrasound, enabling …             Effect of Regular Exercise on Inflammation Induced by Drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 3089 in ICR mice ▶     Jong-Kook Lee, Tudor Luchian, Yoonkyung Park     Obesity is often associated with irregular dietary habits and reduced physical activity. Regular exercise induces a metabolic response that includes increased expression of …             Neutralization of Japanese Encephalitis Virus by heme-induced broadly reactive human monoclonal antibody ▶     Nimesh Gupta, Mélissanne de Wispelaere, Maxime Lecerf et al.     Geographical expansion and re-emerging new genotypes of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) require the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we studied a …             Fine-tuning of synaptic upscaling at excitatory synapses by endocannabinoid signaling is mediated via the CB1 receptor ▶     Yunping Song, Jian Zhang, Chu Chen     The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) functions as a retrograde signaling molecule mediating synaptic transmission and plasticity at both inhibitory and excitatory …             Pregnancy diabetes: A comparison of diagnostic protocols based on point-of-care, routine and optimized laboratory conditions ▶     Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg, Monique J. M. de Groot, Lorenzo P. W. Salden et al.     In vitro glycolysis poses a problem during diabetes screening, especially in remote laboratories. Point-of-care analysis (POC) may provide an alternative. We compared POC, …             Targeting extra-oral bitter taste receptors modulates gastrointestinal motility with effects on satiation ▶     Bert Avau, Alessandra Rotondo, Theo Thijs et al.     Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are present in extra-oral tissues, including gut endocrine cells. This study explored the presence and mechanism of action of TAS2R agonists on …             (Z)3,4,5,4′-trans-tetramethoxystilbene, a new analogue of resveratrol, inhibits gefitinb-resistant non-small cell lung cancer via selectively elevating intracellular calcium level ▶     Xing-Xing Fan, Xiao-Jun Yao, Su Wei Xu et al.     Calcium is a second messenger which is required for regulation of many cellular processes. However, excessive elevation or prolonged activation of calcium signaling would lead to …             Apelin regulates FoxO3 translocation to mediate cardioprotective responses to myocardial injury and obesity ▶     Frederic Boal, Jessica Roumegoux, Chiara Alfarano et al.     The increasing incidence of obesity accentuates the importance of identifying mechanisms and optimal therapeutic strategies for patients with heart failure (HF) in relation to …             Orexin/Hypocretin-1 Receptor Antagonism Selectively Reduces Cue-Induced Feeding in Sated Rats and Recruits Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Thalamus ▶     Sindy Cole, Heather S. Mayer, Gorica D. Petrovich     The orexin/hypocretin system is important for reward-seeking behaviors, however less is known about its function in non-homeostatic feeding. Environmental influences, …             Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers ▶     Chao Jiang, Yuan Yuan, Libing Liu et al.     A label-free, homogenous and sensitive one-step method for the molecular authentication of medicinal snakes has been developed by combining a rapid PCR technique with …             Insights into immune responses in oral cancer through proteomic analysis of saliva and salivary extracellular vesicles ▶     Flavia V. Winck, Ana Carolina Prado Ribeiro, Romênia Ramos Domingues et al.     The development and progression of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) involves complex cellular mechanisms that contribute to the low five-year survival rate of …             Biomarker- and similarity coefficient-based approaches to bacterial mixture characterization using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) ▶     Lin Zhang, Sonja Smart, Todd R Sandrin     MALDI-TOF MS profiling has been shown to be a rapid and reliable method to characterize pure cultures of bacteria. Currently, there is keen interest in using this technique to …             Genotype-dependent lifespan effects in peptone deprived Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Jana J. Stastna, L. Basten Snoek, Jan E. Kammenga et al.     Dietary restriction appears to act as a general non-genetic mechanism that can robustly prolong lifespan. There have however been reports in many systems of cases where …             Enduring deficits in memory and neuronal pathology after blast-induced traumatic brain injury ▶     Venkata Siva Sai Sujith Sajja, W. Brad Hubbard, Christina S. Hall et al.     Few preclinical studies have assessed the long-term neuropathology and behavioral deficits after sustaining blast-induced neurotrauma (BINT). Previous studies have shown …             Improving chemotherapeutic efficiency in acute myeloid leukemia treatments by chemically synthesized peptide interfering with CXCR4/CXCL12 axis ▶     Xiaojin Li, Hua Guo, Hongyang Duan et al.     Bone marrow stroma can protect acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells against chemotherapeutic agents and provide anti-apoptosis and chemoresistance signals through secreting …             Specific N-glycans of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Surface and the Abnormal Increase of Core-α-1, 6-fucosylated Triantennary Glycan via N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases-IVa Regulation ▶     Huan Nie, Xia Liu, Yubao Zhang et al.     Glycosylation alterations of cell surface proteins are often observed during the progression of malignancies. The specific cell surface N-glycans were profiled in hepatocellular …             2A self-cleaving peptide-based multi-gene expression system in the silkworm Bombyx mori ▶     Yuancheng Wang, Feng Wang, Riyuan Wang et al.     Fundamental and applied studies of silkworms have entered the functional genomics era. Here, we report a multi-gene expression system (MGES) based on 2A self-cleaving peptide …             The functional gene composition and metabolic potential of coral-associated microbial communities ▶     Yanying Zhang, Juan Ling, Qingsong Yang et al.     The phylogenetic diversity of coral-associated microbes has been extensively examined, but some contention remains regarding whether coral-associated microbial communities are …             Substrates of the ASB2α E3 ubiquitin ligase in dendritic cells ▶     Camille A. Spinner, Sandrine Uttenweiler-Joseph, Arnaud Metais et al.     Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) comprise distinct populations with specialized immune functions that are mediators of innate and adaptive immune responses. Transcriptomic and …             Genetic evidence of a recent Tibetan ancestry to Sherpas in the Himalayan region ▶     Sushil Bhandari, Xiaoming Zhang, Chaoying Cui et al.     Sherpas living around the Himalayas are renowned as high-altitude mountain climbers but when and where the Sherpa people originated from remains contentious. In this study, we …             A striking reduction of simple loudness adaptation in autism ▶     Rebecca P. Lawson, Jessica Aylward, Sarah White et al.     Reports of sensory disturbance, such as loudness sensitivity or sound intolerance, are ubiquitous in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) but a mechanistic explanation for these …             Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and metabolome analysis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma ▶     Yoshiki Murakami, Shoji Kubo, Akihiro Tamori et al.     Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are liver originated malignant tumors. Of the two, ICC has the worse prognosis because it has no reliable …             Molecular changes in the medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens are associated with blocking the behavioral sensitization to cocaine ▶     Yi Zhang, Xiongzhao Zhu, Can Huang et al.     Previous studies have demonstrated that cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization is associated with persistent functional and structural alterations in the medial prefrontal …             Targeting HER-3 to elicit antitumor helper T cells against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ▶     Takumi Kumai, Takayuki Ohkuri, Toshihiro Nagato et al.     HER-3 expression has been reported to act as an important oncoprotein in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This protein is known to control tumor proliferation and …             Slc15a1 is involved in the transport of synthetic F5-peptide into the seminiferous epithelium in adult rat testes ▶     Linlin Su, Yufei Zhang, Yan C. Cheng et al.     Spermiation and BTB restructuring, two critical cellular events that occur across seminiferous epithelium in mammalian testis during spermatogenesis, are tightly coordinated by …             Genetic variations in STAT4,C2,HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQ associated with risk of hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis ▶     De-Ke Jiang, Xiao-Pin Ma, Xiaopan Wu et al.     Recent genome-wide associated studies (GWASs) have revealed several common loci associated with the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV)- or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related …             Substrate recognition and catalysis by LytB, a pneumococcal peptidoglycan hydrolase involved in virulence ▶     Palma Rico-Lastres, Roberto Díez-Martínez, Manuel Iglesias-Bexiga et al.     Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of life-threatening diseases worldwide. Here we provide an in-depth functional characterization of LytB, the peptidoglycan hydrolase …             Modification of sperm morphology during long-term sperm storage in the reproductive tract of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis ▶     Linli Zhang, Ping Yang, Xunguang Bian et al.     Sperm storage in vivo extends the time window for fertilisation in several animal species, from a few days to several years. The underlying storage mechanisms, however, are …             Folic acid protects against arsenic-mediated embryo toxicity by up-regulating the expression of Dvr1 ▶     Yan Ma, Chen Zhang, Xiao-Bo Gao et al.     As a nutritional factor, folic acid can prevent cardiac and neural defects during embryo development. Our previous study showed that arsenic impairs embryo development by …             Complex patterns of signalling to convey different social goals of sex in bonobos, Pan paniscus ▶     Emilie Genty, Christof Neumann, Klaus Zuberbühler     Sexual behaviour in bonobos (Pan paniscus) functions beyond mere reproduction to mediate social interactions and relationships. In this study, we assessed the signalling …             Long-term moderate treadmill exercise promotes stress-coping strategies in male and female rats ▶     Jaume F. Lalanza, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Igor Cigarroa et al.     Recent evidence has revealed the impact of exercise in alleviating anxiety and mood disorders; however, the exercise protocol that exerts such benefit is far from known. The …             Preliminary Characterization of a Leptin Receptor Knockout Rat Created by CRISPR/Cas9 System ▶     Dan Bao, Yuanwu Ma, Xu Zhang et al.     Leptin receptor, which is encoded by the diabetes (db) gene and is highly expressed in the choroid plexus, regulatesenergy homeostasis, the balance between food intake and energy …             Life history and dynamics of a platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) population: four decades of mark-recapture surveys ▶     Gilad Bino, Tom R. Grant, Richard T. Kingsford     Knowledge of the life-history and population dynamics of Australia’s iconic and evolutionarily distinct platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) remains poor. We marked-recaptured 812 …             Integrated Genome-wide association and hypothalamus eQTL studies indicate a link between the circadian rhythm-related gene PER1 and coping behavior ▶     Siriluck Ponsuksili, Manuela Zebunke, Eduard Murani et al.     Animal personality and coping styles are basic concepts for evaluating animal welfare. Struggling response of piglets in so-called backtests early in life reflects their coping …             Venous Endothelial Marker COUP-TFII Regulates the Distinct Pathologic Potentials of Adult Arteries and Veins ▶     Xiaofeng Cui, Yao Wei Lu, Vivian Lee et al.     Arteries and veins have very different susceptibility to certain vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. The molecular mechanisms of these …             Involvement of opsins in mammalian sperm thermotaxis ▶     Serafín Pérez-Cerezales, Sergii Boryshpolets, Oshri Afanzar et al.     A unique characteristic of mammalian sperm thermotaxis is extreme temperature sensitivity, manifested by the capacity of spermatozoa to respond to temperature changes of <…             Barnyard grasses were processed with rice around 10000 years ago ▶     Xiaoyan Yang, Dorian Q Fuller, Xiujia Huan et al.     Rice (Oryza sativa) is regarded as the only grass that was selected for cultivation and eventual domestication in the Yangtze basin of China. Although both macro-fossils and …             Structural Characterization of a Newly Identified Component of α-Carboxysomes: The AAA+ Domain Protein CsoCbbQ ▶     Markus Sutter, Evan W. Roberts, Raul C. Gonzalez et al.     Carboxysomes are bacterial microcompartments that enhance carbon fixation by concentrating ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and its substrate CO2 within …             The C-terminal Domain Supports a Novel Function for CETPI as a New Plasma Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein ▶     Victor García-González, Nadia Gutiérrez-Quintanar, Jaime Mas-Oliva     Described by our group a few years ago, the cholesteryl-ester transfer protein isoform (CETPI), exclusively expressed in the small intestine and present in human plasma, lacked a …             Targeting the Nuclear Export Protein XPO1/CRM1 Reverses Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition ▶     Asfar S. Azmi, Irfana Muqbil, Jack Wu et al.     Here we demonstrate for the first time that targeted inhibition of nuclear exporter protein exportin 1 (XPO1) also known as chromosome maintenance region 1 (CRM1) by Selective …             Screening and Molecular Analysis of Single Circulating Tumor Cells Using Micromagnet Array ▶     Yu-Yen Huang, Peng Chen, Chun-Hsien Wu et al.     Immunomagnetic assay has been developed to detect rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which shows clinical significance in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The generation and …             Quantification of NS1 dengue biomarker in serum via optomagnetic nanocluster detection ▶     Paula Antunes, Daniel Watterson, Mattias Parmvi et al.     Dengue is a tropical vector-borne disease without cure or vaccine that progressively spreads into regions with temperate climates. Diagnostic tools amenable to resource-limited …             A transgenic embryonic sexing system for the Australian sheep blow fly Lucilia cuprina ▶     Ying Yan, Maxwell J. Scott     Genetic approaches, including the sterile insect technique (SIT), have previously been considered for control of the Australian sheep blow fly Lucilia cuprina, a major pest of …             Age-associated changes in rich-club organisation in autistic and neurotypical human brains ▶     Takamitsu Watanabe, Geraint Rees     Macroscopic structural networks in the human brain have a rich-club architecture comprising both highly inter-connected central regions and sparsely connected peripheral regions. …             Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Lysate Increases Re-Epithelialization of Keratinocyte Scratch Assays by Promoting Migration ▶     Walaa Mohammedsaeed, Sheena Cruickshank, Andrew J. McBain et al.     A limited number of studies have investigated the potential of probiotics to promote wound healing in the digestive tract. The aim of the current investigation was to determine …             N-acetylcysteine inhibits in vivo oxidation of native low-density lipoprotein ▶     Yuqi Cui, Chandrakala A. Narasimhulu, Lingjuan Liu et al.     Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is non-atherogenic, while oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) is critical to atherosclerosis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has anti-atherosclerotic effect with largely …             Inhibition of actin polymerization in the NAc shell inhibits morphine-induced CPP by disrupting its reconsolidation ▶     Gongying Li, Yanmei Wang, Min Yan et al.     Drug-associated contextual cues contribute to drug craving and relapse after abstinence, which is a major challenge to drug addiction treatment. Previous studies showed that …             Mutual and asynchronous anticipation and action in sports as globally competitive and locally coordinative dynamics ▶     Keisuke Fujii, Tadao Isaka, Motoki Kouzaki et al.     Humans interact by changing their actions, perceiving other’s actions and executing solutions in conflicting situations. Using oscillator models, nonlinear dynamics have been …             Bioaggregate of photo-fermentative bacteria for enhancing continuous hydrogen production in a sequencing batch photobioreactor ▶     Guo-Jun Xie, Bing-Feng Liu, Rui-Qing Wang et al.     Hydrogen recovery through solar-driven biomass conversion by photo-fermentative bacteria (PFB) has been regarded as a promising way for sustainable energy production. However, a …             Emergence of Hemagglutinin Mutations During the Course of Influenza Infection ▶     Anna Cushing, Amanda Kamali, Mark Winters et al.     Influenza remains a significant cause of disease mortality. The ongoing threat of influenza infection is partly attributable to the emergence of new mutations in the influenza …             CRISPR/gRNA-directed synergistic activation mediator (SAM) induces specific, persistent and robust reactivation of the HIV-1 latent reservoirs ▶     Yonggang Zhang, Chaoran Yin, Ting Zhang et al.     Current antiretroviral therapy does not eliminate the integrated and transcriptionally silent HIV-1 provirus in latently infected cells. Recently, a “shock and kill” strategy has …             Systems biology-guided identification of synthetic lethal gene pairs and its potential use to discover antibiotic combinations ▶     Ramy K. Aziz, Jonathan M. Monk, Robert M. Lewis et al.     Mathematical models of metabolism from bacterial systems biology have proven their utility across multiple fields, for example metabolic engineering, growth phenotype simulation, …             Adaptation of the autotrophic acetogen Sporomusa ovata to methanol accelerates the conversion of CO2 to organic products ▶     Pier-Luc Tremblay, Daniel Höglund, Anna Koza et al.     Acetogens are efficient microbial catalysts for bioprocesses converting C1 compounds into organic products. Here, an adaptive laboratory evolution approach was implemented to …             Mitofilin and CHCHD6 physically interact with Sam50 to sustain cristae structure ▶     Chengli Ding, Zhifei Wu, Lei Huang et al.     The inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) invaginates to form cristae and the maintenance of cristae depends on the mitochondrial contact site (MICOS) complex. Mitofilin and CHCHD6, …             Coevolutionary dynamics between tribe Cercopithecini tetherins and their lentiviruses ▶     Junko S. Takeuchi, Fengrong Ren, Rokusuke Yoshikawa et al.     Human immunodeficiency virus, a primate lentivirus (PLV), causes AIDS in humans, whereas most PLVs are less or not pathogenic in monkeys. These notions suggest that the …             Comparative genomics and experimental evolution of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strains reveal the landscape of toxicity escape from membrane protein overproduction ▶     Soon-Kyeong Kwon, Seong Keun Kim, Dae-Hee Lee et al.     Achieving sufficient yields of proteins in their functional form represents the first bottleneck in contemporary bioscience and biotechnology. To accomplish successful …             Abnormalities in synaptic dynamics during development in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 ▶     Yusuke Hatanaka, Kei Watase, Keiji Wada et al.     Late-onset neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neurological symptoms and progressive neuronal death. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuronal dysfunction, rather …             Compartmentalized microchannel array for high-throughput analysis of single cell polarized growth and dynamics ▶     Tao Geng, Erin L. Bredeweg, Craig J. Szymanski et al.     Interrogating polarized growth is technologically challenging due to extensive cellular branching and uncontrollable environmental conditions in conventional assays. Here we …             Differential regulation of receptivity in two uterine horns of a recipient mouse following asynchronous embryo transfer ▶     Shi-Jie Li, Tong-Song Wang, Fu-Niu Qin et al.     Receptivity is a limited time in which uterine endometrium can establish a successful dialogue with blastocyst. This study was to investigate the effect of asynchronous embryo …             Human corneal stromal stem cells support limbal epithelial cells cultured on RAFT tissue equivalents ▶     Alvena K Kureshi, Marc Dziasko, James L Funderburgh et al.     Human limbal epithelial cells (HLE) and corneal stromal stem cells (CSSC) reside in close proximity in vivo in the corneal limbal stem cell niche. However, HLE are typically …             MouseMove: an open source program for semi-automated analysis of movement and cognitive testing in rodents ▶     Andre L. Samson, Lining Ju, Hyun Ah Kim et al.     The Open Field (OF) test is one of the most commonly used assays for assessing exploratory behaviour and generalised locomotor activity in rodents. Nevertheless, the vast …             Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation ▶     Pieter van den Berg, Lucas Molleman, Jaakko Junikka et al.     Many experiments on human cooperation have revealed that individuals differ systematically in their tendency to cooperate with others. It has also been shown that individuals …             Disadvantageous associations: Reversible spatial cueing effects in a discrimination task ▶     Daniele Nico, Elena Daprati     Current theories describe learning in terms of cognitive or associative mechanisms. To assess whether cognitive mechanisms interact with automaticity of associative processes we …             Stroma-associated master regulators of molecular subtypes predict patient prognosis in ovarian cancer ▶     Shengzhe Zhang, Ying Jing, Meiying Zhang et al.     High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGS-OvCa) has the lowest survival rate among all gynecologic cancers and is hallmarked by a high degree of heterogeneity. The Cancer Genome …             Identification and functional analysis of novel FZD4 mutations in Han Chinese with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy ▶     Ping Fei, Xiong Zhu, Zhilin Jiang et al.     Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a hereditary eye disease characterized by defects in the development of retinal vessels. However, known genetic mutations can only …             Targeted DNA Sequencing Detects Mutations Related to Susceptibility among Familial Non-medullary Thyroid Cancer ▶     Yang Yu, Li Dong, Dapeng Li et al.     Some studies have demonstrated that familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) has a more aggressive clinical behavior compared to sporadic NMTC (SNMTC). However, FNMTC is …             Isolation of Rhp-PSP, a member of YER057c/YjgF/UK114 protein family with antiviral properties, from the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain JSC-3b ▶     Pin Su, Tuizi Feng, Xuguo Zhou et al.     Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain JSC-3b isolated from a water canal adjacent to a vegetable field produces a protein that was purified by bioactivity-guided fractionation based …             Designing overall stoichiometric conversions and intervening metabolic reactions ▶     Anupam Chowdhury, Costas D. Maranas     Existing computational tools for de novo metabolic pathway assembly, either based on mixed integer linear programming techniques or graph-search applications, generally only find …             Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in abdominal adipose tissues in chickens ▶     H. Y. Huang, R. R. Liu, G. P. Zhao et al.     Excessive fat accretion is a crucial problem during broiler production. Abdominal fat weight (AbFW) and abdominal fat percentage (AbFP) are major phenotypic indices of fat …             CUG-BP1 regulates RyR1 ASI alternative splicing in skeletal muscle atrophy ▶     Yinglong Tang, Huiwen Wang, Bin Wei et al.     RNA binding protein is identified as an important mediator of aberrant alternative splicing in muscle atrophy. The altered splicing of calcium channels, such as ryanodine …             Identification of Reliable Components in Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS): a Data-Driven Approach across Metabolic Processes ▶     Hiromi Motegi, Yuuri Tsuboi, Ayako Saga et al.     There is an increasing need to use multivariate statistical methods for understanding biological functions, identifying the mechanisms of diseases, and exploring biomarkers. In …             Dnmts and Tet target memory-associated genes after appetitive olfactory training in honey bees ▶     Stephanie D. Biergans, C. Giovanni Galizia, Judith Reinhard et al.     DNA methylation and demethylation are epigenetic mechanisms involved in memory formation. In honey bees DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) function is necessary for long-term memory to …             Analysis of the TCP genes expressed in the inflorescence of the orchid Orchis italica ▶     Sofia De Paolo, Luciano Gaudio, Serena Aceto     TCP proteins are plant-specific transcription factors involved in many different processes. Because of their involvement in a large number of developmental pathways, their roles …             Neuromuscular regulation in zebrafish by a large AAA+ ATPase/ubiquitin ligase, mysterin/RNF213 ▶     Yuri Kotani, Daisuke Morito, Satoru Yamazaki et al.     Mysterin (also known as RNF213) is a huge intracellular protein with two AAA+ ATPase modules and a RING finger ubiquitin ligase domain. Mysterin was originally isolated as a …             The Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra gene MRA_1916 causes growth defects upon down-regulation ▶     Kumar Sachin Singh, Sudheer Kumar Singh     D-amino acid oxidases play an important role in converting D-amino acids to their corresponding α-keto acids. MRA_1916 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Mtb-Ra) is annotated …             IFNL3 mRNA structure is remodeled by a functional non-coding polymorphism associated with hepatitis C virus clearance ▶     Yi-Fan Lu, David M. Mauger, David B. Goldstein et al.     Polymorphisms near the interferon lambda 3 (IFNL3) gene strongly predict clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We analyzed a variant (rs4803217 G/T) located within the …             CD44 deficiency inhibits unloading-induced cortical bone loss through downregulation of osteoclast activity ▶     Yuheng Li, Guohui Zhong, Weijia Sun et al.     The CD44 is cellular surface adhesion molecule that is involved in physiological processes such as hematopoiesis, lymphocyte homing and limb development. It plays an important …             Physiological Function of Rac Prophage During Biofilm Formation and Regulation of Rac Excision in Escherichia coli K-12 ▶     Xiaoxiao Liu, Yangmei Li, Yunxue Guo et al.     Rac or rac-like prophage harbors many genes with important physiological functions, while it remains excision-proficient in several bacterial strains including Escherichia coli, …             Effects and possible mechanisms of action of acacetin on the behavior and eye morphology of Drosophila models of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Xue Wang, Haribalan Perumalsamy, Hyung Wook Kwon et al.     The human β-amyloid (Aβ) cleaving enzyme (BACE-1) is a target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatments. This study was conducted to determine if acacetin extracted from the whole …             High specific selectivity and Membrane-Active Mechanism of the synthetic centrosymmetric α-helical peptides with Gly-Gly pairs ▶     Jiajun Wang, Shuli Chou, Lin Xu et al.     We used a template-assisted approach to develop synthetic antimicrobial peptides, which differ from naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides that can compromise host natural …             Comparative genomic and transcriptional analyses of the carbohydrate-active enzymes and secretomes of phytopathogenic fungi reveal their significant roles during infection and development ▶     Xueliang Lyu, Cuicui Shen, Yanping Fu et al.     Our comparative genomic analysis showed that the numbers of plant cell wall (PCW)- and fungal cell wall (FCW)-degradation-associated carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in …             Lats1 suppresses centrosome overduplication by modulating the stability of Cdc25B ▶     Satomi Mukai, Norikazu Yabuta, Kaori Yoshida et al.     Numerical aberration of the centrosome results in chromosome missegregation, eventually leading to chromosomal instability, a hallmark of human tumor malignancy. Large tumor …             Glaucumolides A and B, Biscembranoids with New Structural Type from a Cultured Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum ▶     Chiung-Yao Huang, Ping-Jyun Sung, Chokkalingam Uvarani et al.     Glaucumolides A (1) and B (2), novel biscembranes composed of an unprecedented α,β-unsaturated ε-lactone, along with the known metabolites ximaolide A (3) and isosarcophytonolide …             Different neural circuitry is involved in physiological and psychological stress-induced PTSD-like “nightmares” in rats ▶     Bin Yu, Su-Ying Cui, Xue-Qiong Zhang et al.     Posttraumatic nightmares are a core component of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mechanistically linked to the development and maintenance of this disorder, but little …             No effect on pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen by multiple doses of red clover capsule in rats ▶     Kanumuri Siva Rama Raju, Isha Taneja, Guru Raghavendra Valicherla et al.     Tamoxifen is used in clinical practice for breast cancer patients and to prevent osteoporosis. Red clover (Trifolium pratense) preparations are consumed worldwide as dietary …             A novel 2,5-diaminopyrimidine-based affinity probe for Bruton’s tyrosine kinase ▶     Yingying Zuo, Yanxia Shi, Xitao Li et al.     As a critical regulator of the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) has attracted intensive drug discovery efforts for treating B-cell lineage …             Highly sensitive image-derived indices of water-stressed plants using hyperspectral imaging in SWIR and histogram analysis ▶     David M. Kim, Hairong Zhang, Haiying Zhou et al.     The optical signature of leaves is an important monitoring and predictive parameter for a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses, including drought. Such signatures derived from …             Elevated GRP78 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer ▶     Zheyu Niu, Mengyi Wang, Li Zhou et al.     Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a member of the heat-shock protein 70 family. We evaluated the expression of GRP78 using tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry in …             H2S, a novel gasotransmitter, involves in gastric accommodation ▶     Ailin Xiao, Hongjuan Wang, Xin Lu et al.     H2S is produced mainly by two enzymes:cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), using L-cysteine (L-Cys) as the substrate. In this study, we investigated …             Administration of defined microbiota is protective in a murine Salmonella infection model ▶     Sarah-Lynn E. Martz, Julie A. K. McDonald, Jun Sun et al.     Salmonella typhimurium is a major cause of diarrhea and causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, and perturbations of the gut microbiota are known to increase …             Multi-Omic Dynamics Associate Oxygenic Photosynthesis with Nitrogenase-Mediated H2 Production in Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 ▶     Hans C. Bernstein, Moiz A. Charania, Ryan S. McClure et al.     To date, the proposed mechanisms of nitrogenase-driven photosynthetic H2 production by the diazotrophic unicellular cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 have assumed that …             Construction and analysis of dynamic transcription factor regulatory networks in the progression of glioma ▶     Yongsheng Li, Tingting Shao, Chunjie Jiang et al.     The combinatorial cross-regulation of transcription factors (TFs) plays an important role in cellular identity and function; however, the dynamic regulation of TFs during glioma …             Mosaic patterns of diversification dynamics following the colonization of Melanesian islands ▶     Emmanuel F. A. Toussaint, Lars Hendrich, Helena Shaverdo et al.     The fate of newly settled dispersers on freshly colonized oceanic islands is a central theme of island biogeography. The emergence of increasingly sophisticated methods of …             Measuring empathy for human and robot hand pain using electroencephalography ▶     Yutaka Suzuki, Lisa Galli, Ayaka Ikeda et al.     This study provides the first physiological evidence of humans’ ability to empathize with robot pain and highlights the difference in empathy for humans and robots. We performed …             Glucocorticoid (dexamethasone)-induced metabolome changes in healthy males suggest prediction of response and side effects ▶     Natalie Bordag, Sebastian Klie, Kathrin Jürchott et al.     Glucocorticoids are indispensable anti-inflammatory and decongestant drugs with high prevalence of use at ~0.9% of the adult population. Better holistic insights into …             Interleukin-17 promotes angiogenesis by stimulating VEGF production of cancer cells via the STAT3/GIV signaling pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer ▶     Bo Pan, Jing Shen, Jingyan Cao et al.     The presence of IL-17-positive cells is observed in a variety of inflammatory associated cancers and IL-17 has been found to be involved in angiogenesis. However, it remains …             Genome-wide identification and characterization of reference genes with different transcript abundances for Streptomyces coelicolor ▶     Shanshan Li, Weishan Wang, Xiao Li et al.     The lack of reliable reference genes (RGs) in the genus Streptomyces hampers effort to obtain the precise data of transcript levels. To address this issue, we aimed to identify …             Metabolomics Identifies Biomarker Pattern for Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: from Diethylnitrosamine Treated Rats to Patients ▶     Jun Zeng, Xin Huang, Lina Zhou et al.     Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging to date. Characteristic metabolic deregulations of HCC may enable novel biomarkers discovery for early …             Transcriptome analysis of genes involved in defence response in Polyporus umbellatus with Armillaria mellea infection ▶     Meng-Meng Liu, Yong-Mei Xing, Da-Wei Zhang et al.     Polyporus umbellatus, a species symbiotic with Armillaria mellea and it also exhibits substantial defence response to Armillaria mellea infection. There are no genomics resources …             Biogeographical patterns of biomass allocation in leaves, stems, and roots in China’s forests ▶     Hao Zhang, Kelin Wang, Xianli Xu et al.     To test whether there are general patterns in biomass partitioning in relation to environmental variation when stand biomass is considered, we investigated biomass allocation in …             The Plasmodium palmitoyl-S-acyl-transferase DHHC2 is essential for ookinete morphogenesis and malaria transmission ▶     Jorge M. Santos, Jessica Kehrer, Blandine Franke-Fayard et al.     The post-translational addition of C-16 long chain fatty acids to protein cysteine residues is catalysed by palmitoyl-S-acyl-transferases (PAT) and affects the affinity of a …             The K167I variant of DNA polymerase β that is found in Esophageal Carcinoma patients impairs polymerase activity and BER ▶     Yuanyuan Wang, Wenqiao Zang, Yuwen Du et al.     DNA polymerase β (pol β) is a key enzyme in DNA base excision repair, and an important factor for maintaining genomic integrity and stability. Esophageal carcinoma (EC) patients …             Pollen-mediated gene flow from transgenic cotton under greenhouse conditions is dependent on different pollinators ▶     Shuo Yan, Jialin Zhu, Weilong Zhu et al.     With the large-scale release of genetically modified (GM) crops, there are ecological concerns on transgene movement from GM crops to non-GM counterparts and wild relatives. In …             Transgenerational Developmental Programming of Ovarian Reserve ▶     C. E. Aiken, J. L. Tarry-Adkins, S. E. Ozanne     Exposure to an adverse early-life environment leads to long-term health problems, many of which are recapitulated in subsequent generations. The female reproductive tract is …             Intron V, not intron I of human thrombopoietin, improves expression in the milk of transgenic mice regulated by goat beta-casein promoter ▶     Yan Li, Hu Hao, Mingqian Zhou et al.     Introns near 5′ end of genes generally enhance gene expression because of an enhancer /a promoter within their sequence or as intron-mediated enhancement. Surprisingly, our …             SIMcheck: a Toolbox for Successful Super-resolution Structured Illumination Microscopy ▶     Graeme Ball, Justin Demmerle, Rainer Kaufmann et al.     Three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) is a versatile and accessible method for super-resolution fluorescence imaging, but generating high-quality data is …             Crude oil as a microbial seed bank with unexpected functional potentials ▶     Man Cai, Yong Nie, Chang-Qiao Chi et al.     It was widely believed that oil is a harsh habitat for microbes because of its high toxicity and hydrophobicity. However, accumulating evidence has revealed the presence of live …             Characterising the bacterial microbiota across the gastrointestinal tracts of dairy cattle: membership and potential function ▶     Shengyong Mao, Mengling Zhang, Junhua Liu et al.     The bacterial community composition and function in the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of dairy cattle is very important, since it can influence milk production and host health. …             Diallyl disulfide attenuated carbon ion irradiation-induced apoptosis in mouse testis through changing the ratio of Tap73/ΔNp73 via mitochondrial pathway ▶     Cui-xia Di, Lu Han, Hong Zhang et al.     Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major organosulfur compound derived from garlic, has various biological properties, including anti-cancer effects. However, the protective mechanism …             CD11b deficiency suppresses intestinal tumor growth by reducing myeloid cell recruitment ▶     Qian-Qian Zhang, Xi-Wen Hu, Yi-Long Liu et al.     Mac-1 (CD11b) is expressed on bone marrow-derived immune cells. CD11b binds to ligands to regulate leukocyte adhesion and migration across the endothelium or epithelium. Here, we …             Biochemical and structural characterization of a novel ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 from Agrocybe aegeria reveals Ube2w family-specific properties ▶     Chao Qi, De-Feng Li, Lei Feng et al.     Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that is involved in myriad cellar regulation and disease pathways. The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) is an important …             Cognitive impairment in a young marmoset reveals lateral ventriculomegaly and a mild hippocampal atrophy: a case report ▶     A. Sadoun, K. Strelnikov, E. Bonté et al.     The number of studies that use the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) in various fields of neurosciences is increasing dramatically. In general, animals enter the study when …             Fast-Response Calmodulin-Based Fluorescent Indicators Reveal Rapid Intracellular Calcium Dynamics ▶     Nordine Helassa, Xiao-hua Zhang, Ianina Conte et al.     Faithful reporting of temporal patterns of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics requires the working range of indicators to match the signals. Current genetically encoded calmodulin-based …             pH and redox sensitive albumin hydrogel: A self-derived biomaterial ▶     S Thirupathi Kumara Raja, T Thiruselvi, Asit Baran Mandal et al.     Serum albumin can be transformed to a stimuli (pH and redox) responsive hydrogel using the reduction process followed by oxidative refolding. The preparation of albumin hydrogel …             Natural transformation occurs independently of the essential actin-like MreB cytoskeleton in Legionella pneumophila ▶     Pierre-Alexandre Juan, Laetitia Attaiech, Xavier Charpentier     Natural transformation is the process by which bacteria can actively take up and integrate exogenous DNA thereby providing a source of genetic diversity. Under specific growth …             Ontogenetic development of the auditory sensory organ in zebrafish (Danio rerio): changes in hearing sensitivity and related morphology ▶     Jiping Wang, Qiang Song, Dongzhen Yu et al.     Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an important model organism in hearing research. However, data on the hearing sensitivity of zebrafish vary across different reports. In the present …             Mouse adaptation of influenza B virus increases replication in the upper respiratory tract and results in droplet transmissibility in ferrets ▶     Eun-Ha Kim, Su-Jin Park, Hyeok-Il Kwon et al.     To investigate the molecular changes that allow influenza B viruses to adapt to new mammalian hosts, influenza B/Florida/04/2006 was serially passaged in BALB/c mice until highly …             Ailanthone Inhibits Huh7 Cancer Cell Growth via Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis In Vitro and In Vivo ▶     Zhenjian Zhuo, Jianyang Hu, Xiaolin Yang et al.     While searching for natural anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) components in Ailanthus altissima, we discovered that ailanthone had potent antineoplastic activity against HCC. …             Annexin A2 binds to endosomes and negatively regulates TLR4-triggered inflammatory responses via the TRAM-TRIF pathway ▶     Shuang Zhang, Min Yu, Qiang Guo et al.     Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Gram-negative bacteria activates plasma membrane signaling via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on host cells and triggers innate inflammatory …             Carbon mineralization pathways and bioturbation in coastal Brazilian sediments ▶     Cintia O. Quintana, Maurício Shimabukuro, Camila O. Pereira et al.     Carbon mineralization processes and their dependence on environmental conditions (e.g. through macrobenthic bioturbation) have been widely studied in temperate coastal sediments, …             Adrenergic stimulation sensitizes TRPV1 through upregulation of cystathionine β-synthetase in a rat model of visceral hypersensitivity ▶     Liyan Zhu, Liting Zhao, Ruobing Qu et al.     The pathogenesis of pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is poorly understood and treatment remains difficult. The present study was designed to investigate roles of adrenergic …             Antinociceptive effects of incarvillateine, a monoterpene alkaloid from Incarvillea sinensis, and possible involvement of the adenosine system ▶     Mei-Liang Wang, Gang Yu, Shou-Pu Yi et al.     Incarvillea sinensis is a Bignoniaceae plant used to treat rheumatism and relieve pain in traditional Chinese medicine. As a major component of I. sinensis, incarvillateine has …             E. adenophorum induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis of Splenocytes through the Mitochondrial Pathway and Caspase Activation in Saanen Goats ▶     Yajun He, Quan Mo, Yanchun Hu et al.     The precise cytotoxicity of E. Adenophorum in relation to the cell cycle and apoptosis of splenocytes in Saanen goats remains unclear. In the present study, 16 Saanen goats were …             3D tracking of single nanoparticles and quantum dots in living cells by out-of-focus imaging with diffraction pattern recognition ▶     Lucia Gardini, Marco Capitanio, Francesco S. Pavone     Live cells are three-dimensional environments where biological molecules move to find their targets and accomplish their functions. However, up to now, most single molecule …             NFAT isoforms play distinct roles in TNFα-induced retinal leukostasis ▶     Colin A. Bretz, Sara R. Savage, Megan E. Capozzi et al.     The objective of this study was to determine the role of individual NFAT isoforms in TNFα-induced retinal leukostasis. To this end, human retinal microvascular endothelial cells …             Bio-grout based on microbially induced sand solidification by means of asparaginase activity ▶     Mengmeng Li, Qing-Long Fu, Qiuzhuo Zhang et al.     Bio-grout, a new ground improvement method, has been recently developed to improve the mechanical properties, decrease the permeability of porous materials, reinforce or repair …             Epithelial cell-derived micro RNA-146a generates interleukin-10-producing monocytes to inhibit nasal allergy ▶     Xi Luo, Miaomiao Han, Jianqi Liu et al.     The aberrant immunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Micro RNAs (miR) are involved in regulating the immunity in the body. This study aims to …             Genetic variants of SLC17A1 are associated with cholesterol homeostasis and hyperhomocysteinaemia in Japanese men ▶     Teruhide Koyama, Daisuke Matsui, Nagato Kuriyama et al.     Hyperuricaemia is an undisputed and highly predictive biomarker for cardiovascular risk. SLC17A1, expressed in the liver and kidneys, harbours potent candidate single nucleotide …             Proteomic profiling of host-biofilm interactions in an oral infection model resembling the periodontal pocket ▶     Kai Bao, Georgios N. Belibasakis, Nathalie Selevsek et al.     Periodontal infections cause inflammatory destruction of the tooth supporting tissues. We recently developed a dynamic, in vitro periodontal organotypic tissue model in a …             Point-of-service, quantitative analysis of ascorbic acid in aqueous humor for evaluating anterior globe integrity ▶     Manas R. Gartia, Santosh K. Misra, Mao Ye et al.     Limited training, high cost, and low equipment mobility leads to inaccuracies in decision making and is concerning with serious ocular injuries such as suspected ruptured globe …             Identification of the active components in Bone Marrow Soup: a mitigator against irradiation-injury to salivary glands ▶     Dongdong Fang, Shen Hu, Younan Liu et al.     In separate studies, an extract of soluble intracellular contents from whole bone marrow cells, named “Bone Marrow (BM) Soup”, was reported to either improve cardiac or salivary …                 Nature Reviews Neuroscience FREE POSTER - Control of sleep in mammals This Poster presents an overview of the neural correlates of sleep and waking and, where known, how the implicated brain regions and neuronal populations affect sleep generation. It also touches on the circadian control and function of sleep, and provides details on some common sleep disorders. 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