Nature Geoscience contents: December 2015 Volume 8 Number 12 pp891-981

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TABLE OF CONTENTS December 2015 Volume 8, Issue 12 Editorial Correspondence Commentaries News and Views Perspectives Letters Articles Corrigendum Erratum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Microsystems & Nanoengineering is a new online-only, open access, fully peer-reviewed journal publishing original articles and reviews on cutting-edge and emerging topics in microsystems and nanoengineering. Submit your manuscript   Editorial Top Preserve soil's riches   p891 doi:10.1038/ngeo2617 The International Year of Soils draws attention to our vital dependence on the fertile crumb beneath our feet. Soil is renewable, but it takes careful stewardship to keep it healthy and plentiful. Correspondence Top Land unlikely to become large carbon source   p893 Victor Brovkin & Daniel Goll doi:10.1038/ngeo2598 See also: Letter by Wieder et al. | Correspondence by Wieder et al. Reply to 'Land unlikely to become large carbon source'   pp893 - 894 William R. Wieder, Cory C. Cleveland, W. Kolby Smith & Katherine Todd-Brown doi:10.1038/ngeo2606 Commentaries Top Free-riders to forerunners   pp895 - 898 Klaus Hasselmann, Roger Cremades, Tatiana Filatova, Richard Hewitt, Carlo Jaeger et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2593 Multi-actor integrated assessment models based on well-being concepts beyond GDP could support policymakers by highlighting the interrelation of climate change mitigation and other important societal problems. Duality in climate science   pp898 - 900 Kevin Anderson doi:10.1038/ngeo2559 Delivery of palatable 2 °C mitigation scenarios depends on speculative negative emissions or changing the past. Scientists must make their assumptions transparent and defensible, however politically uncomfortable the conclusions. News and Views Top Geodynamics: Go with the flow   pp901 - 902 Claire A. Currie doi:10.1038/ngeo2594 Plate tectonics is the surface expression of mantle convection. Seismic observations at the Cascadia subduction zone show that coupling between tectonic plate motion and mantle flow may depend on the size of the plate. See also: Letter by Martin-Short et al. Planetary science: Cooking up the Moon in two steps   pp902 - 903 Steve Desch doi:10.1038/ngeo2597 Compared to Earth, the Moon is depleted in volatile species like water, sodium and potassium. Simulations suggest that much of the Moon formed from hot, volatile-poor melt in a disk of debris after initially amassing cooler, volatile-rich melt. See also: Letter by Canup et al. Plate tectonics: Igneous triangle   p904 Jo Hellawell doi:10.1038/ngeo2614 Palaeoclimate: The dynamics of cold events   pp904 - 906 Katrin J. Meissner doi:10.1038/ngeo2564 The last glacial period and deglaciation were marked by abrupt, millennial-scale climate changes. Changes in the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation were important contributors to rapid climate variability, but did not act alone. See also: Letter by Renssen et al. | Letter by Gottschalk et al. Geoscience JOBS of the week Professor or Assistant Professor (Tenure Track) of Climate Geology ETH Zurich - The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich Lecturer in Climate and Environmental Science University of Bristol PhD student position in Environmental Geochemistry of Thallium Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology ASSISTANT / ASSOCIATE / FULL PROFESSOR (Tenured / Tenure-Track / Multiple Positions) Louisiana State University Professor or Assistant Professor (Tenure Track) of Climate Geology ETH Zurich - The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich More Science jobs from Geoscience EVENT 16th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference & EXPO SGEM2016 28.06.15 Albena, Bulgaria More science events from Perspectives Top The self-reinforcing feedback between low soil fertility and chronic poverty   pp907 - 912 Christopher B. Barrett & Leah E. M. Bevis doi:10.1038/ngeo2591 Low soil fertility can limit crop productivity, which in turn constrains the ability of poor households to invest in improving soils. This self-reinforcing feedback can trap households in chronic poverty for years or even generations. The demise of Phobos and development of a Martian ring system   pp913 - 917 Benjamin A. Black & Tushar Mittal doi:10.1038/ngeo2583 The moon Phobos will eventually either disintegrate to form a ring or crash into Mars. Observational constraints and geotechnical considerations suggest that Phobos will partially break apart into a ring, with stronger fragments impacting Mars. Letters Top Lunar volatile depletion due to incomplete accretion within an impact-generated disk   pp918 - 921 Robin M. Canup, Channon Visscher, Julien Salmon & Bruce Fegley Jr doi:10.1038/ngeo2574 The Moon may have accreted from a disk of debris after a giant impact. Simulations suggest that part of the Moon derives from volatile-poor melt in the hot inner disk, with most of the volatile elements condensing later and accreting to Earth. See also: News and Views by Desch Mechanisms of change in ENSO-induced tropical Pacific rainfall variability in a warming climate   pp922 - 926 Ping Huang & Shang-Ping Xie doi:10.1038/ngeo2571 ENSO-driven rainfall patterns are set to change as the climate warms. A moisture budget decomposition of simulations from 18 climate models reveals the mechanisms driving the shift in rainfall variability from western to central Pacific. Divergent trajectories of Antarctic surface melt under two twenty-first-century climate scenarios   pp927 - 932 Luke D. Trusel, Karen E. Frey, Sarah B. Das, Kristopher B. Karnauskas, Peter Kuipers Munneke et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2563 Ice shelves modulate Antarctica's contributions to sea-level rise. Regional-climate-model simulations and observations suggest historical ice melt intensification before collapse of Antarctic peninsula shelves, and project future melt evolution. Significant fraction of CO2 emissions from boreal lakes derived from hydrologic inorganic carbon inputs   pp933 - 936 Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer, Sarian Kosten, Marcus B. Wallin, Lars J. Tranvik, Erik Jeppesen et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2582 Lakes are a large source of CO2. An analysis of chemical and physical data from 5,118 boreal lakes reveals that a majority emit CO2 originating primarily from terrestrial sources rather than CO2 produced within the lakes. Boundaries of the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone shaped by coherent mesoscale dynamics   pp937 - 940 João H. Bettencourt, Cristóbal López, Emilio Hernández-García, Ivonne Montes, Joël Sudre et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2570 Oxygen minimum zones exert important controls over ocean biogeochemistry. Lagrangian modelling demonstrates that the mean positions of mesoscale eddies delimit the boundaries of the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone. Denitrification in the Mississippi River network controlled by flow through river bedforms   pp941 - 945 Jesus D. Gomez-Velez, Judson W. Harvey, M. Bayani Cardenas & Brian Kiel doi:10.1038/ngeo2567 Microbe-mediated reactions remove nitrogen from river water as it flows through sediments. Simulations of the Mississippi River network suggest that denitrification due to flow through small-scale river bedforms exceeds that along channel banks. Multiple causes of the Younger Dryas cold period   pp946 - 949 Hans Renssen, Aurélien Mairesse, Hugues Goosse, Pierre Mathiot, Oliver Heiri et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2557 The last deglaciation was interrupted by a cool period known as the Younger Dryas. Numerical simulations suggest that the cold interval was the result of a combination of changes in ocean and atmospheric circulation and reduced radiative forcing. See also: News and Views by Meissner Abrupt changes in the southern extent of North Atlantic Deep Water during Dansgaard-Oeschger events   pp950 - 954 Julia Gottschalk, Luke C. Skinner, Sambuddha Misra, Claire Waelbroeck, Laurie Menviel et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2558 The last glacial period was characterized by a series of abrupt climate changes. An analysis of bottom water chemistry in the South Atlantic suggests that the southern extent of North Atlantic Deep Water was reduced during abrupt coolings. See also: News and Views by Meissner Seismic slip on an upper-plate normal fault during a large subduction megathrust rupture   pp955 - 960 Stephen P. Hicks & Andreas Rietbrock doi:10.1038/ngeo2585 Slip during subduction zone earthquakes is often assumed to occur on a single fault. Analysis of a 2011 Chilean earthquake shows that the event was composed of two quakes, with megathrust rupture triggering slip in the overriding plate. Link between plate fabric, hydration and subduction zone seismicity in Alaska   pp961 - 964 Donna J. Shillington, Anne Bécel, Mladen R. Nedimović, Harold Kuehn, Spahr C. Webb et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2586 Subduction carries water into the Earth where it can influence seismicity. Analysis of the structure of the Alaskan subduction zone suggests fluid delivery is influenced by faults in the oceanic plate that formed at the mid-ocean ridge. Mantle flow geometry from ridge to trench beneath the Gorda-Juan de Fuca plate system   pp965 - 968 Robert Martin-Short, Richard M. Allen, Ian D. Bastow, Eoghan Totten & Mark A. Richards doi:10.1038/ngeo2569 Shallow mantle flow could be induced by the motions of overriding tectonic plates or by deeper mantle convection. Analysis of mantle flow patterns in the Pacific Northwest shows that flow aligns with the motions of the largest oceanic plates. See also: News and Views by Currie Articles Top Southward shift of the northern tropical belt from 1945 to 1980   pp969 - 974 Stefan Brönnimann, Andreas M. Fischer, Eugene Rozanov, Paul Poli, Gilbert P. Compo et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2568 The width of the tropical belt affects the subtropical dry zones and has expanded since 1980. Analyses of observations and climate-chemistry model simulations suggest that the northern tropical edge retracted between 1945 and 1980. Tightly linked zonal and meridional sea surface temperature gradients over the past five million years   pp975 - 980 Alexey V. Fedorov, Natalie J. Burls, Kira T. Lawrence & Laura C. Peterson doi:10.1038/ngeo2577 Global mean temperatures during the Pliocene epoch were warmer than at present, with a shallow meridional temperature gradient. Numerical simulations suggest that since the Pliocene, the meridional and zonal temperature gradients have varied in tandem. Corrigendum Top Corrigendum: Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia   pp981 - 982 PAGES 2k Consortium doi:10.1038/ngeo2566 Erratum Top Erratum: Rock comminution as a source of hydrogen for subglacial ecosystems   p981 J. Telling, E. S. Boyd, N. Bone, E. L. Jones, M. Tranter et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2604 Top Advertisement npj Computational Materials is a new online only, fully open access journal dedicated to publishing the finest articles on materials by design and integrated computational and experimental materials research. Now open for submission   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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