Nature Medicine Contents: September 2015 Volume 21 Number 9 pp 963-1101

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TABLE OF CONTENTS September 2015 Volume 21, Issue 9 Editorials News News and Views Perspective Articles Letters Technical Report Addendum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Web Focus: Resistant Hypertension  Causes of resistant hypertension are multifactorial, but recent studies suggest that inappropriate fluid retention and heightened sympathetic tone likely play key roles. This web focus highlights recent advances in our understanding of mechanisms and complications of resistant hypertension as well as emerging therapies for this particular disorder. Access the focus online.     Editorials Top Release the strains   p963 doi:10.1038/nm.3946 As medical use of cannabis becomes more commonplace, scientists seek to conduct rigorous studies that can define its benefits and risks for various disease indications. But overly cumbersome government regulations continue to create logistical and funding burdens. Neurological disease models made clear   p964 doi:10.1038/nm.3945 Disease models inform our understanding of central nervous system disorder pathogenesis and enable testing of novel therapeutics. A frank discussion of the rationale for using particular disease models, as well as their limitations, may enable comparisons between studies and facilitate drug development. News Top Analyses that combine 'omics' show cell targets in detail   pp965 - 966 Shraddha Chakradhar doi:10.1038/nm0915-965 Cannabinoid receptor with an 'identity crisis' gets a second look   pp966 - 967 Nala Rogers doi:10.1038/nm0915-966 News Feature Starting up and spinning out: The changing nature of partnerships between pharma and academia   pp968 - 971 Wudan Yan doi:10.1038/nm0915-968 News in Brief Biomedical briefing   pp972 - 973 doi:10.1038/nm0915-972 News and Views Top Up-front polytherapy for ALK-positive lung cancer   pp974 - 975 Bingying Zhou and Adrienne D Cox doi:10.1038/nm.3942 A new study identifies the RAS-MAPK pathway to be an Achilles' heel of EML4-ALK fusion-positive lung cancer and suggests that up-front combination therapy directed against both pathways can achieve sustained suppression of tumor growth. See also: Article by Hrustanovic et al. A new Twist in kidney fibrosis   pp975 - 977 Yossi Ovadya and Valery Krizhanovsky doi:10.1038/nm.3938 Kidney fibrosis is a main pathological component of chronic kidney disease. Two new studies pinpoint a partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition as a mechanism driving the development of kidney fibrosis, thus paving the way for novel treatments of fibrosis-associated diseases. See also: Article by Grande et al. | Article by Lovisa et al. Metabolic labeling puts the microbiome under the microscope   pp977 - 978 Graham J Britton and Jeremiah J Faith doi:10.1038/nm.3941 Seven years after the launch of the Human Microbiome Project, we still lack sufficient tools to visualize the microbiome in a living host. A new study provides experimental tools to label and track live anaerobic bacteria in the microbial communities in the mouse gut and beyond. See also: Technical Report by Geva-Zatorsky et al. Nature Medicine JOBS of the week Junior Research Group Leader in the Research Field of Physics and Medicine (M / F) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU) Behavioral Neurologist or Dementia Research Specialist Stanford University Postdoctoral Research Assistant - Bioinformatics Queen Mary University of London Postdoctoral Positions Available Penn State University FRIAS COFUND Fellowships (Junior and Senior) 2016 / 17 Universit?t Freiburg More Science jobs from Nature Medicine EVENT 20TH World Congress of Aesthetic Medicine 12.11.15 Florida, USA More science events from Perspective Top Modeling psychiatric disorders for developing effective treatments   pp979 - 988 Tobias Kaiser and Guoping Feng doi:10.1038/nm.3935 In this Perspective, the authors discuss the currently available models for psychiatric disease modeling. They present a framework for translating new knowledge by placing more emphasis on identifying neurophysiological defects. Articles Top Snail1-induced partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition drives renal fibrosis in mice and can be targeted to reverse established disease   pp989 - 997 M Teresa Grande, Berta Sanchez-Laorden, Cristina Lopez-Blau, Cristina A De Frutos, Agnes Boutet et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3901 During renal fibrosis, epithelial cells undergo a partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition that can be targeted to reverse established disease. See also: News and Views by Ovadya & Krizhanovsky | Article by Lovisa et al. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induces cell cycle arrest and parenchymal damage in renal fibrosis   pp998 - 1009 Sara Lovisa, Valerie S LeBleu, Bjorn Tampe, Hikaru Sugimoto, Komal Vadnagara et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3902 During renal fibrosis epithelial cells undergo a partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition that can be targeted to reverse established disease. See also: News and Views by Ovadya & Krizhanovsky | Article by Grande et al. Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein co-stimulation facilitates tumor regression by inducing IL-9-producing helper T cells   pp1010 - 1017 Il-Kyu Kim, Byung-Seok Kim, Choong-Hyun Koh, Jae-Won Seok, Jun-Seok Park et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3922 GITR signaling inhibits tumor growth by inducing TH9 cell differentiation, increasing IL-9-dependent dendritic cell function and enhancing cytotoxic T cell responses. Meta-analysis of shared genetic architecture across ten pediatric autoimmune diseases   pp1018 - 1027 Yun R Li, Jin Li, Sihai D Zhao, Jonathan P Bradfield, Frank D Mentch et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3933 A meta-analysis across ten pediatric autoimmune diseases reveals shared genetic architecture and novel susceptibility loci. Nogo-B regulates endothelial sphingolipid homeostasis to control vascular function and blood pressure   pp1028 - 1037 Anna Cantalupo, Yi Zhang, Milankumar Kothiya, Sylvain Galvani, Hideru Obinata et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3934 The membrane protein Nogo-B, resident in the endoplasmic reticulum, acts in endothelial cells to inhibit the rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo pathway of sphingolipid biosynthesis, thereby regulating vascular function and blood pressure. RAS-MAPK dependence underlies a rational polytherapy strategy in EML4-ALK-positive lung cancer   pp1038 - 1047 Gorjan Hrustanovic, Victor Olivas, Evangelos Pazarentzos, Asmin Tulpule, Saurabh Asthana et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3930 Unraveling the signaling dependencies of EMLK4-ALK fusion-driven lung cancer reveals upfront combination therapy strategies. See also: News and Views by Zhou & Cox Letters Top PCSK6-mediated corin activation is essential for normal blood pressure   pp1048 - 1053 Shenghan Chen, Pengxiu Cao, Ningzheng Dong, Jianhao Peng, Chunyi Zhang et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3920 PCSK6 is identified as the protease that cleaves and activates the zymogen form of corin, a protease that in turn activates the natriuretic peptides that control salt balance and blood pressure. APP intracellular domain-WAVE1 pathway reduces amyloid-[beta] production   pp1054 - 1059 Ilaria Ceglia, Christiane Reitz, Jodi Gresack, Jung-Hyuck Ahn, Victor Bustos et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3924 The intracellular domain of amyloid precursor protein (AICD), generated during the processing of APP along the amyloidogenic pathway, is shown to repress transcription of the Wasf1 gene, encoding the WAVE1 protein. The reduction in WAVE1 levels inhibits cell surface trafficking of APP, thereby creating a homeostatic negative feedback circuit to limit further production of amyloid-[beta]. Retrotransposon insertions in the clonal evolution of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma   pp1060 - 1064 Nemanja Rodic, Jared P Steranka, Alvin Makohon-Moore, Allison Moyer, Peilin Shen et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3919 The authors find that alterations in retrotransposition can occur at different stages in the evolution of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Hemagglutinin-stem nanoparticles generate heterosubtypic influenza protection   pp1065 - 1070 Hadi M Yassine, Jeffrey C Boyington, Patrick M McTamney, Chih-Jen Wei, Masaru Kanekiyo et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3927 Barney Graham and colleagues have developed a hemagglutinin stem-based nanoparticle as a vaccine that confers protection against different influenza strains in mice and ferrets. Elucidation of novel 13-series resolvins that increase with atorvastatin and clear infections   pp1071 - 1075 Jesmond Dalli, Nan Chiang and Charles N Serhan doi:10.1038/nm.3911 Charles Serhan and colleagues report four new resolvins produced under inflammatory conditions that speed resolution of bacterial infection in mice. Tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] confers cardioprotection through ectopic expression of keratins K8 and K18   pp1076 - 1084 Stamatis Papathanasiou, Steffen Rickelt, Maria Eugenia Soriano, Tobias G Schips, Harald J Maier et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3925 The cytokine TNF-[alpha], typically considered to have deleterious effects on the heart, can also have cardioprotective effects by inducing formation of a keratin cytoskeletal network in cardiomyocytes. Myostatin is a direct regulator of osteoclast differentiation and its inhibition reduces inflammatory joint destruction in mice   pp1085 - 1090 Berno Dankbar, Michelle Fennen, Daniela Brunert, Silvia Hayer, Svetlana Frank et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3917 Myostatin is shown to directly promote osteoclast differentiation, and its inhibition improves arthritic bone loss in two mouse models. Technical Report Top In vivo imaging and tracking of host-microbiota interactions via metabolic labeling of gut anaerobic bacteria   pp1091 - 1100 Naama Geva-Zatorsky, David Alvarez, Jason E Hudak, Nicola C Reading, Deniz Erturk-Hasdemir et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3929 Fluorescently labeled commensal microbes can be tracked in vivo, allowing visualization of host-microbiota interactions in real time. See also: News and Views by Britton & Faith Addendum Top Addendum: Wnt4 signaling prevents skeletal aging and inflammation by inhibiting nuclear factor-[kappa]B   p1101 Bo Yu, Jia Chang, Yunsong Liu, Jiong Li, Kareena Kevork et al. doi:10.1038/nm0915-1101 Top Advertisement Noncoding RNAs in Endocrinology  Noncoding RNAs have important roles in the development and regulation of the endocrine system. This web collection on noncoding RNAs in endocrinology highlights current and future applications of noncoding RNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as therapeutic targets for personalized management of patients with a wide range of endocrine diseases. Access the collection online.     Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. 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