Nature Communications - 19 August 2015

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Latest content: Articles Corrigenda Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Nature Genetics in association with the Wellcome Trust present: THE GENOMICS OF COMMON DISEASES 2015 September 2-5, 2015 | Cambridge, UK  REGISTER NOW!     Latest Articles View all Articles     Directing cell therapy to anatomic target sites in vivo with magnetic resonance targeting Munitta Muthana, Aneurin J. Kennerley, Russell Hughes, Ester Fagnano, Jay Richardson, Melanie Paul, Craig Murdoch, Fiona Wright, Christopher Payne, Mark F. Lythgoe, Neil Farrow, Jon Dobson, Joe Conner, Jim M. Wild and Claire Lewis Cell therapy requires the targeting of cells to specific sites in the body. Here Muthana et al. use a standard MRI scanner to direct oncolytic macrophages, labelled with magnetic nanoparticles, to primary and metastatic tumour sites in mice, and demonstrate that this leads to reduced tumour growth. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9009 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Earliest modern human-like hand bone from a new >1.84-million-year-old site at Olduvai in Tanzania OPEN Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo, Travis Rayne Pickering, Sergio Almécija, Jason L. Heaton, Enrique Baquedano, Audax Mabulla and David Uribelarrea The homin fossil record reveals a complex pattern of hand evolution. Here, the authors describe a phalanx of a >1.84-million-year-old unidentified hominin, which represents the earliest modern human like hand bone in the fossil record. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8987 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Palaeontology  Breaking immune tolerance by targeting Foxp3+ regulatory T cells mitigates Alzheimer’s disease pathology OPEN Kuti Baruch, Neta Rosenzweig, Alexander Kertser, Aleksandra Deczkowska, Alaa Mohammad Sharif, Amit Spinrad, Afroditi Tsitsou-Kampeli, Ayelet Sarel, Liora Cahalon and Michal Schwartz Immunosuppression has been unsuccessful in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Here the authors show in a mouse model of the disease that transient inhibition of regulatory T cells mitigates amyloid plaque pathology and reverses cognitive decline, whereas augmenting these cells worsens the pathology. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8967 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Neuroscience  Habitat changes and changing predatory habits in North American fossil canids B. Figueirido, A. Martín-Serra, Z. J. Tseng and C. M. Janis Changes in vegetation can influence the evolution of morphology and behaviour. Here the authors show an association between elbow-joint shape and habitat for North American canids over the past ∼37 million years, which suggests that climate change can influence the evolution of predatory behaviour. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8976 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Evolution  Palaeontology  Genome-wide association of polycystic ovary syndrome implicates alterations in gonadotropin secretion in European ancestry populations OPEN M. Geoffrey Hayes, Margrit Urbanek, David A. Ehrmann, Loren L. Armstrong, Ji Young Lee, Ryan Sisk, Tugce Karaderi, Thomas M. Barber, Mark I. McCarthy, Stephen Franks, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Corrine K. Welt, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis, Dimitrios Panidis, Mark O. Goodarzi, Ricardo Azziz, Yi Zhang, Roland G. James, Michael Olivier, Ahmed H. Kissebah et al. Polycystic Ovary Sydrome is a highly heritable, complex reproductive disorder with unknown underlying genetic factors. Here Hayes and Urbanek et al. identify three loci in European women strongly associated with neuroendocrine changes and disease susceptibility. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8502 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Association analysis identifies new risk loci for congenital heart disease in Chinese populations Yuan Lin, Xuejiang Guo, Bijun Zhao, Juanjuan Liu, Min Da, Yang Wen, Yuanli Hu, Bixian Ni, Kai Zhang, Shiwei Yang, Jing Xu, Juncheng Dai, Xiaowei Wang, Yankai Xia, Hongxia Ma, Guangfu Jin, Shiqiang Yu, Jiayin Liu, Bernard D. Keavney, Judith A. Goodship et al. Genome-wide association studies in Chinese and Europeans have identified multiple loci associated with congenital heart disease. Here the authors use existing GWAS data to conduct an extended three-stage analysis in Han Chinese and identify four novel loci linked to disease risk in this population. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9082 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Stoichiometry for α-bungarotoxin block of α7 acetylcholine receptors OPEN Corrie J. B. daCosta, Chris R. Free and Steven M. Sine Since their discovery more than fifty years ago, α-neurotoxins have been used to study acetylcholine receptor-coupled ion channels. Here, daCosta et al. find that toxin binding to a single site of the pentameric α7 receptor blocks function, suggesting the five binding sites are interdependent and the toxin arrests the sites in the inactive conformation. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9057 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Adhesive curing through low-voltage activation OPEN Jianfeng Ping, Feng Gao, Jian Lin Chen, Richard D. Webster and Terry W. J. Steele Existing methods of adhesive curing suffer from restrictions in the circumstances in which they can be employed. Here, the authors design a new method whereby application of a potential difference induces the curing process, increasing the scope for implementation to a whole new range of substrates and conditions. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9050 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Organic chemistry  BMP signalling differentially regulates distinct haematopoietic stem cell types OPEN Mihaela Crisan, Parham Solaimani Kartalaei, Chris Vink, Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa, Karine Bollerot, Wilfred van IJcken, Reinier van der Linden, Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes, Rui Monteiro, Christine Mummery and Elaine Dzierzak How bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulate haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) later in development is unclear. Crisan et al. show that long-term repopulating HSCs in murine fetal liver and the bone marrow are of two types: either BMP activated or non-BMP activated, which correlate with different lineage outputs. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9040 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Light generation of intracellular Ca2+ signals by a genetically encoded protein BACCS OPEN Tomohiro Ishii, Koji Sato, Toshiyuki Kakumoto, Shigenori Miura, Kazushige Touhara, Shoji Takeuchi and Takao Nakata Current tools for optogenetic control of intracellular calcium signals currently suffer from slow response time or low dynamic range. Here the authors develop blue light-activated Ca2+ channel switch (BACCS) that modulates the activity of Ca2+-sensitive Orai channels with high temporal resolution and large dynamic range. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9021 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Cell biology  The molecular mechanism of Zinc acquisition by the neisserial outer-membrane transporter ZnuD OPEN Charles Calmettes, Christopher Ing, Carolyn M. Buckwalter, Majida El Bakkouri, Christine Chieh-Lin Lai, Anastassia Pogoutse, Scott D. Gray-Owen, Régis Pomès and Trevor F. Moraes ZnuD is a conserved zinc transporter expressed in several bacterial pathogens with potential as a target against infection. Here the authors demonstrate a requirement for ZnuD in systemic infection by N. meningitidis and define the molecular mechanism of ZnuD-mediated Zinc transport across the bacterial outer membrane. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8996 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Microbiology  Experimental colitis in SIV-uninfected rhesus macaques recapitulates important features of pathogenic SIV infection OPEN Xing Pei Hao, Carissa M. Lucero, Baris Turkbey, Marcelino L. Bernardo, David R. Morcock, Claire Deleage, Charles M. Trubey, Jeremy Smedley, Nichole R. Klatt, Luis D. Giavedoni, Jan Kristoff, Amy Xu, Gregory Q. Del Prete, Brandon F. Keele, Srinivas S. Rao, W. Gregory Alvord, Peter L. Choyke, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Jason M. Brenchley, Cristian Apetrei et al. HIV-1 infection in humans and SIV infection in rhesus macaques are associated with mucosal damage to the gastrointestinal tract, microbial translocation and chronic immune activation. Here the authors develop a non-human primate DSS colitis model that recapitulates these aspects of the disease in uninfected rhesus macaques. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9020 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Virology  Systematic chromatin state comparison of epigenomes associated with diverse properties including sex and tissue type OPEN Angela Yen and Manolis Kellis In contrast to genetic information, epigenetic state varies greatly under different conditions. Here, the authors develop ChromDiff and apply it to ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics datasets to find chromatin state differences associated with sex, tissue, and developmental age. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8973 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Molecular biology  CRL4–DCAF1 ubiquitin E3 ligase directs protein phosphatase 2A degradation to control oocyte meiotic maturation OPEN Chao Yu, Shu-Yan Ji, Qian-Qian Sha, Qing-Yuan Sun and Heng-Yu Fan The E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4 regulates oocyte survival through hydroxymethylation of genomic DNA. Here Yu et al. show that CRL4 is also required for oocytes to complete meiosis I by mediating the poly-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the cell cycle regulator protein phosphatase 2A-A subunit. 18 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9017 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Rapid and efficient one-step generation of paired gRNA CRISPR-Cas9 libraries OPEN Joana A. Vidigal and Andrea Ventura CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful tool for genome editing; however, difficulties in generating pools of paired guide RNAs limit its applicability to large-scale screening experiments. Here the authors report a one-step method for rapid and efficient generation of pooled libraries of guide RNA pairs. 17 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9083 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Molecular biology  Cell shape dynamics during the staphylococcal cell cycle OPEN João M. Monteiro, Pedro B. Fernandes, Filipa Vaz, Ana R. Pereira, Andreia C. Tavares, Maria T. Ferreira, Pedro M. Pereira, Helena Veiga, Erkin Kuru, Michael S. VanNieuwenhze, Yves V. Brun, Sérgio R. Filipe and Mariana G. Pinho Staphylococci are spherical bacteria that divide in sequential orthogonal planes. Here, the authors use super-resolution microscopy to show that staphylococcal cells elongate before dividing, and that the division septum generates less than one hemisphere of each daughter cell, generating asymmetry. 17 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9055 Biological Sciences  Microbiology  Batf is important for IL-4 expression in T follicular helper cells OPEN Anupama Sahoo, Andrei Alekseev, Kentaro Tanaka, Lidiya Obertas, Beatrisa Lerman, Cara Haymaker, Karen Clise-Dwyer, John S. McMurray and Roza Nurieva T follicular helper cells are a distinct subtype of CD4 T helper cells, which contributes to the regulation of type 2 humoral immunity by producing IL-4. Here, the authors identify Batf as an important transcription factor regulating IL-4 expression in T follicular helper cells but not in Th2 cells. 17 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8997 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Sperm navigation along helical paths in 3D chemoattractant landscapes OPEN Jan F. Jikeli, Luis Alvarez, Benjamin M. Friedrich, Laurence G. Wilson, René Pascal, Remy Colin, Magdalena Pichlo, Andreas Rennhack, Christoph Brenker and U. Benjamin Kaupp Sperm use external cues to find the egg using ill-defined principles. Here the authors use holographic microscopy and optochemical tools to study sperm swimming in light-sculpted chemical 3D landscapes; they show that sperm translate the temporal stimulation pattern into multiple swimming behaviours to orient deterministically in a gradient. 17 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8985 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Cell biology  Memory programming in CD8+ T-cell differentiation is intrinsic and is not determined by CD4 help OPEN Juhyun Kim, Su Jeong Ryu, Keunhee Oh, Ji-Min Ju, Ji Yeong Jeon, Giri Nam, Dong-Sup Lee, Hang-Rae Kim, Joo Young Kim, Jun Chang, Thomas Sproule, Kyungho Choi, Derry Roopenian and Eun Young Choi Persistent antigen stimulation can cause exhaustion and unresponsiveness of CD8 cells, impairing the immune response. Here the authors show that increasing the number of CD8 cells, decreasing the antigen load or providing CD4 help can overcome the exhaustion and establish a memory response. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8994 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Boundaries for martensitic transition of 7Li under pressure OPEN Anne Marie Schaeffer, Weizhao Cai, Ella Olejnik, Jamie J. Molaison, Stanislav Sinogeikin, Antonio M. dos Santos and Shanti Deemyad Lithium metal under extreme pressures shows a sequence of structural phase transitions. Here, the authors use neutron scattering and X-ray diffraction techniques under high pressure to expand the experimental phase diagram of lithium, showing an unexpected deviation from existing boundaries. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9030 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Self-powered thin-film motion vector sensor OPEN Qingshen Jing, Yannan Xie, Guang Zhu, Ray P. S. Han and Zhong Lin Wang Kinematic sensors are required in many industrial applications, but the current sensor designs rely on power input from external sources. Here, Jing et al. harness the micro-meso scale ambient energy via a triboelectric generator to self-power sensors for one- and two-dimensional motion vector sensing. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9031 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Nanotechnology  A role for E-cadherin in ensuring cohesive migration of a heterogeneous population of non-epithelial cells OPEN Kyra Campbell and Jordi Casanova Collective cell migration underlies the morphogenesis of many organs, and often involves heterogeneous cell types. Here the authors show a role for the adhesion molecule E-cadherin in maintaining the attachment of mesenchymal cells during Drosophila posterior midgut development. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8998 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  A short N-terminal domain of HDAC4 preserves photoreceptors and restores visual function in retinitis pigmentosa Xinzheng Guo, Shao-Bin Wang, Hongping Xu, Adema Ribic, Ethan J. Mohns, Yu Zhou, Xianjun Zhu, Thomas Biederer, Michael C. Crair and Bo Chen Retinitis pigmentosa is an inherited form of blindness caused by the progressive loss of rod and cone photoreceptors. Here, Guo et al. show that expression of a short amino-terminal domain of the histone deacetylase HDAC4 prolongs cone survival in mouse models, helping to partially restore vision. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9005 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Neuroscience  Mechanical forces regulate the interactions of fibronectin and collagen I in extracellular matrix OPEN Kristopher E. Kubow, Radmila Vukmirovic, Lin Zhe, Enrico Klotzsch, Michael L. Smith, Delphine Gourdon, Sheila Luna and Viola Vogel Assembly of a collagen extracellular matrix requires the presence of fibronectin, but the mechanisms that direct this assembly are not known. Here the authors show that collagen I uses relaxed fibronectin fibrils as a template for assembly, and in turn shield fibronectin fibrils from force-mediated stretching. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9026 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Common and rare variants associated with kidney stones and biochemical traits OPEN Asmundur Oddsson, Patrick Sulem, Hannes Helgason, Vidar O. Edvardsson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Gardar Sveinbjörnsson, Eik Haraldsdottir, Gudmundur I. Eyjolfsson, Olof Sigurdardottir, Isleifur Olafsson, Gisli Masson, Hilma Holm, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Olafur S. Indridason, Runolfur Palsson and Kari Stefansson Kidney stone formation is influenced by genetic factors and recurrent stone formation places a significant burden on health care systems. Here Oddsson et al. perform a large-scale genome-wide association study and uncover new genetic variants associated with kidney stone susceptibility and associated biochemical traits. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8975 Biological Sciences  Genetics  The SnRK2-APC/CTE regulatory module mediates the antagonistic action of gibberellic acid and abscisic acid pathways OPEN Qibing Lin, Fuqing Wu, Peike Sheng, Zhe Zhang, Xin Zhang, Xiuping Guo, Jiulin Wang, Zhijun Cheng, Jie Wang, Haiyang Wang and Jianmin Wan The hormones abscisic acid and gibberellins act antagonistically in plant development and stress responses. Here Lin et al. show that the rice Tiller Enhancer protein is required for gibberellin-induced degradation of abscisic acid signalling components, uncovering mechanistic insights into hormone signalling crosstalk. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8981 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences  Absorption-induced scattering and surface plasmon out-coupling from absorber-coated plasmonic metasurfaces OPEN Christopher E. Petoukhoff and Deirdre M. O’Carroll Plasmonic surfaces are used as two-dimensional metamaterials for light manipulation on nanoscale, and their optical properties can be further tuned by coating. Here the authors report a new absorption-induced scattering mode in a silver nanoparticle array coated with semiconducting organic absorbers. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8899 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Materials science  Visualizing nanoscale 3D compositional fluctuation of lithium in advanced lithium-ion battery cathodes OPEN A. Devaraj, M. Gu, R. Colby, P. Yan, C. M. Wang, J. M. Zheng, J. Xiao, A. Genc, J. G. Zhang, I. Belharouak, D. Wang, K. Amine and S. Thevuthasan It is challenging to quantitatively diagnose the lithium-ion distribution in batteries. Here, the authors use laser-assisted atom probe tomography to probe the nanoscale compositional fluctuations of lithium ions in two popular lithium-ion battery cathodes before and after electrochemical cycling. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9014 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Bax monomers form dimer units in the membrane that further self-assemble into multiple oligomeric species OPEN Yamunadevi Subburaj, Katia Cosentino, Markus Axmann, Esteban Pedrueza-Villalmanzo, Eduard Hermann, Stephanie Bleicken, Joachim Spatz and Ana J. García-Sáez The proapoptotic protein Bax triggers cell death by forming pores in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Using single-particle TIRF imaging, the authors show that Bax binds the membrane in a monomeric state before forming dimers and multimers of dimers, which are disassembled by the survival protein Bcl-xL. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9042 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Cell biology  Tectonic control on the persistence of glacially sculpted topography OPEN Günther Prasicek, Isaac J. Larsen and David R. Montgomery U-shaped glacial valleys dominate >10 ka since the last major glaciation and the transitions from glacier-dominated to fluvial regimes are poorly understood. Here, the authors use digital topographic data to show that glacial topography is rapidly replaced by fluvial topography where rock uplift rates are high. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9028 Earth Sciences  Geology and geophysics  Myristoylation confers noncanonical AMPK functions in autophagy selectivity and mitochondrial surveillance Jiyong Liang, Zhi-Xiang Xu, Zhiyong Ding, Yiling Lu, Qinghua Yu, Kaitlin D. Werle, Ge Zhou, Yun-Yong Park, Guang Peng, Michael J. Gambello and Gordon B. Mills AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a role in starvation-induced autophagy, but a role in mitochondrial damage-induced mitophagy is not known. Here, Liang et al. show that AMPK is recruited to damaged mitochondria in an N-myristoylation-dependent manner and in turn recruits the ATG16 autophagy complex. 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8926 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  TRB3 links insulin/IGF to tumour promotion by interacting with p62 and impeding autophagic/proteasomal degradations OPEN Fang Hua, Ke Li, Jiao-Jiao Yu, Xiao-Xi Lv, Jun Yan, Xiao-Wei Zhang, Wei Sun, Heng Lin, Shuang Shang, Feng Wang, Bing Cui, Rong Mu, Bo Huang, Jian-Dong Jiang and Zhuo-Wei Hu High insulin/IGF is a biologic link between diabetes and cancer. Here, the authors show a tumour promoting mechanism for stress protein TRB3 which mediates a reciprocal antagonism between autophagic and proteasomal degradation systems and connects insulin/IGF to malignant promotion. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8951 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Medical research  A hepatic amino acid/mTOR/S6K-dependent signalling pathway modulates systemic lipid metabolism via neuronal signals OPEN Kenji Uno, Tetsuya Yamada, Yasushi Ishigaki, Junta Imai, Yutaka Hasegawa, Shojiro Sawada, Keizo Kaneko, Hiraku Ono, Tomoichiro Asano, Yoshitomo Oka and Hideki Katagiri Neuronal signals can coordinate metabolic processes across tissues. Here, the authors show that plasma amino acid and triglyceride levels are linked by a neuronal mechanism that couples amino acid sensing in the liver with the expression of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8940 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Divergent sorting of a balanced ancestral polymorphism underlies the establishment of gene-flow barriers in Capsella OPEN Adrien Sicard, Christian Kappel, Emily B. Josephs, Young Wha Lee, Cindy Marona, John R. Stinchcombe, Stephen I. Wright and Michael Lenhard A hybrid incompatibility between Capsella plant species is due to an interaction between two immune regulators. Here, the authors show that highly divergent haplotypes result from balancing selection in the ancestral lineage and their sorting into derived lineages facilitated the evolution of the incompatibility. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8960 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Plant sciences  Formation of helical membrane tubes around microtubules by single-headed kinesin KIF1A OPEN David Oriola, Sophie Roth, Marileen Dogterom and Jaume Casademunt The kinesin-3 motor KIF1A is inefficient in its single-headed form but recent studies have predicted that force transmission is enabled when motors work in teams. Here Oriola et al. show that singleheaded KIF1A motors can pull tubes from lipid vesicles, and form left-handed helices around microtubules by generating lateral forces. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9025 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Polarity-tunable magnetic tunnel junctions based on ferromagnetism at oxide heterointerfaces OPEN Thach D.N. Ngo, Jung-Won Chang, Kyujoon Lee, Seungju Han, Joon Sung Lee, Young Heon Kim, Myung-Hwa Jung, Yong-Joo Doh, Mahn-Soo Choi, Jonghyun Song and Jinhee Kim The interface between two insulating oxides can play host to magnetic ordering. Here, the authors manipulate the spin transport in a hybrid magnetic tunnel junction comprising two ferromagnets: one a cobalt layer and the other the interface between lanthanum aluminate and strontium titanate. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9035 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  p75NTR-dependent activation of NF-κB regulates microRNA-503 transcription and pericyte–endothelial crosstalk in diabetes after limb ischaemia OPEN Andrea Caporali, Marco Meloni, Audrey Nailor, Tijana Mitić, Saran Shantikumar, Federica Riu, Graciela B. Sala-Newby, Lorraine Rose, Marie Besnier, Rajesh Katare, Christine Voellenkle, Paul Verkade, Fabio Martelli, Paolo Madeddu and Costanza Emanueli Vascular function and repair is impaired in patients with diabetes. Here, Caporali et al. report that activation of the neurotrophin receptor in vascular endothelial cells induces the antiangiogenic miR-503, which impairs the function of neighbouring pericytes upon microparticle-mediated transfer. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9024 Biological Sciences  Medical research  A two-dimensional algebraic quantum liquid produced by an atomic simulator of the quantum Lifshitz model OPEN Hoi Chun Po and Qi Zhou It is challenging to create a high-dimensional quantum liquid that does not exhibit long-range order at the ground state, as condensation is in practice unavoidable. Here the authors propose a scheme on how to use synthetic gauge fields to produce a two-dimensional algebraic quantum liquid at the ground state. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9012 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Theoretical physics  Mapping molecules in scanning far-field fluorescence nanoscopy OPEN Haisen Ta, Jan Keller, Markus Haltmeier, Sinem K. Saka, Jürgen Schmied, Felipe Opazo, Philip Tinnefeld, Axel Munk and Stefan W. Hell Mapping the distribution of fluorescence molecules, rather than just their emission intensity, can improve super-resolution fluorescence microscopy. Here, the authors present a general solution for rendering the number of fluorescent molecules recorded by confocal or STED microscopy. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8977 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Visualizing nanoscale excitonic relaxation properties of disordered edges and grain boundaries in monolayer molybdenum disulfide OPEN Wei Bao, Nicholas J. Borys, Changhyun Ko, Joonki Suh, Wen Fan, Andrew Thron, Yingjie Zhang, Alexander Buyanin, Jie Zhang, Stefano Cabrini, Paul D. Ashby, Alexander Weber-Bargioni, Sefaattin Tongay, Shaul Aloni, D. Frank Ogletree, Junqiao Wu, Miquel B. Salmeron and P. James Schuck Understanding the dynamics of light-induced carriers is vital for employing two-dimensional materials in optoelectronic applications. Here, the authors use a sub diffraction-limit optical technique to reveal the excitonic properties of monolayer molybdenum disulfide at the nanoscale. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8993 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Optical physics  XUV excitation followed by ultrafast non-adiabatic relaxation in PAH molecules as a femto-astrochemistry experiment OPEN A. Marciniak, V. Despré, T. Barillot, A. Rouzée, M.C.E. Galbraith, J. Klei, C.-H. Yang, C.T.L. Smeenk, V. Loriot, S. Nagaprasad Reddy, A.G.G.M. Tielens, S. Mahapatra, A. I. Kuleff, M.J.J. Vrakking and F. Lépine Extreme UV light sources allow us to study the dynamics of excited molecular stets over remarkably short timeframes. Here, the authors probe polyaromatic hydrocarbons—large organic molecules—and show their electronic excitation and subsequent ultrafast relaxation. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8909 Chemical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Slow-growing cells within isogenic populations have increased RNA polymerase error rates and DNA damage OPEN David van Dijk, Riddhiman Dhar, Alsu M. Missarova, Lorena Espinar, William R. Blevins, Ben Lehner and Lucas B. Carey Isogenic cells growing in the same environment show a large degree of variability. Here, by sorting yeast cells based on growth rate, the authors show that the slow-growing subpopulation exhibits stress responses, a high level of transcriptional diversity, and decreased RNA polymerase fidelity. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8972 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Molecular biology  IL-21-mediated non-canonical pathway for IL-1β production in conventional dendritic cells OPEN Chi-Keung Wan, Peng Li, Rosanne Spolski, Jangsuk Oh, Allison B. Andraski, Ning Du, Zu-Xi Yu, Christopher P. Dillon, Douglas R. Green and Warren J. Leonard The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) plays an important role in host defence against pathogens. Here the authors report a non-canonical pathway for IL-1 ß production in conventional dendritic cells that is induced by IL-21 via STAT3-dependent mechanism. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8988 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Intestinal macrophages arising from CCR2+ monocytes control pathogen infection by activating innate lymphoid cells OPEN Sang-Uk Seo, Peter Kuffa, Sho Kitamoto, Hiroko Nagao-Kitamoto, Jenna Rousseau, Yun-Gi Kim, Gabriel Núñez and Nobuhiko Kamada Monocytes are important for antimicrobial host defence in the intestine but the mechanism behind their protective function is not fully understood. Seo et al. show that intestinal macrophages derived from CCR2+ monocytes support clearance of pathogenic Citrobacter rodentium through activation of group 3 innate lymphoid cells. 13 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9010 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Quantitative analysis reveals how EGFR activation and downregulation are coupled in normal but not in cancer cells OPEN Fabrizio Capuani, Alexia Conte, Elisabetta Argenzio, Luca Marchetti, Corrado Priami, Simona Polo, Pier Paolo Di Fiore, Sara Sigismund and Andrea Ciliberto Cells respond to increasing concentrations of EGF by altering the balance between EGFR phosphorylation and ubiquitination. Here the authors show that the establishment of an EGFR signaling threshold requires both a multiplicity of binding sites and cooperative binding of Cbl and Grb2 to the EGFR. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8999 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  Systems biology  Field propagation-induced directionality of carrier-envelope phase-controlled photoemission from nanospheres OPEN F. Süßmann, L. Seiffert, S. Zherebtsov, V. Mondes, J. Stierle, M. Arbeiter, J. Plenge, P. Rupp, C. Peltz, A. Kessel, S. A. Trushin, B. Ahn, D. Kim, C. Graf, E. Rühl, M. F. Kling and T. Fennel The localized enhancement of laser light in optical near-fields of nanostructures enables the steering of ultrafast electronic motion. Here, the authors employ field propagation in nanospheres to obtain directional tunability and attosecond control of near-field-induced strong-field photoemission. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8944 Physical Sciences  Optical physics  Injectable cryogel-based whole-cell cancer vaccines Sidi A. Bencherif, R. Warren Sands, Omar A. Ali, Weiwei A. Li, Sarah A. Lewin, Thomas M. Braschler, Ting-Yu Shih, Catia S. Verbeke, Deen Bhatta, Glenn Dranoff and David J. Mooney Immune responses are induced in the organized, cytokine-rich environment of lymph nodes, which can be mimicked by biomaterials. Here the authors show that injectable sponge-like gels decorated with immunostimulatory factors attract dendritic cells and boost antitumour immune responses in mice. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8556 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Cancer  Immunology  MRI detection of breast cancer micrometastases with a fibronectin-targeting contrast agent OPEN Zhuxian Zhou, Mohammed Qutaish, Zheng Han, Rebecca M. Schur, Yiqiao Liu, David L. Wilson and Zheng-Rong Lu Increased fibronectin expression is associated with high-risk breast cancer and metastasis. Here, the authors develop a penta-peptide CREKA-targeted MRI contrast agent that binds to fibronectin and show its potential for early detection of breast cancer and micrometastasis. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8984 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Medical research  The photochemical mechanism of a B12-dependent photoreceptor protein OPEN Roger J. Kutta, Samantha J. O. Hardman, Linus O. Johannissen, Bruno Bellina, Hanan L. Messiha, Juan Manuel Ortiz-Guerrero, Montserrat Elías-Arnanz, S. Padmanabhan, Perdita Barran, Nigel S. Scrutton and Alex R. Jones Coenzyme B12 traditionally acts as cofactor to light-independent metabolic enzymes in bacteria and humans. Here, Kutta et al. present a time-resolved photochemical description of a B12-dependent photoreceptor protein, which represents a mechanistic foundation for B12 photobiology. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8907 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Generic emergence of classical features in quantum Darwinism Fernando G. S. L. Brandão, Marco Piani and Paweł Horodecki Quantum Darwinism provides an explanation for the emergence of classical reality from the underlying quantum world, as information proliferates in the environment and becomes objective. Here, the authors show how some aspects of this mechanism is generic and classicality emerges for any quantum dynamics. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8908 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Ionization-induced annealing of pre-existing defects in silicon carbide OPEN Yanwen Zhang, Ritesh Sachan, Olli H. Pakarinen, Matthew F. Chisholm, Peng Liu, Haizhou Xue and William J. Weber Silicon carbide possesses myriad properties which render it an ideal material for implementation in harsh radiation environments. Here, the authors show that damaged SiC can be repaired through ionization-induced healing, which has broader implications for the design of future radiation-tolerant materials. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9049 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Flow-enhanced solution printing of all-polymer solar cells OPEN Ying Diao, Yan Zhou, Tadanori Kurosawa, Leo Shaw, Cheng Wang, Steve Park, Yikun Guo, Julia A. Reinspach, Kevin Gu, Xiaodan Gu, Benjamin C. K. Tee, Changhyun Pang, Hongping Yan, Dahui Zhao, Michael F. Toney, Stefan C. B. Mannsfeld and Zhenan Bao Solution printing is a desirable route for manufacturing organic solar cells, whilst the major challenge lies with morphology control. Here, Diao et al. use a microstructured blade to guide the solution flow during printing, which improves polymer crystallization and the resulting device performance. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8955 Chemical Sciences  Fluids and plasma physics  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Relativistic electron avalanches as a thunderstorm discharge competing with lightning Nicole A. Kelley, David M. Smith, Joseph R. Dwyer, Michael Splitt, Steven Lazarus, Forest Martinez-McKinney, Bryna Hazelton, Brian Grefenstette, Alexander Lowell and Hamid K. Rassoul Gamma-ray ‘glows’ are long duration high-energy emissions from thunderclouds. Here, the authors present observations of these emissions using the ADELE array of detectors and suggest that gamma ray emissions are related to relativistic runaway electron avalanches. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8845 Earth Sciences  Atmospheric science    Nature Communications JOBS of the week Senior Research Scientist Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Postdoctoral Research Assistant Queen Mary University of London Chancellor’s Fellow University of Edinburgh Postdoctoral Scientist Helmholtz Association Senior Scientist in Synthetic Biology University of Tartu Post-Doctoral / Senior Research Northwestern University Statistician Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) Research Fellowships in 2016 University of Cambridge Postdoc in non-coding transcription University of Copenhagen Clinical Lecturer University of Bristol More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT IMMUNOLOGY 2016â„¢ - AAI Annual Meeting 13.05.16 Seattle, USA More science events from       Latest Corrigenda     Corrigendum: Cell migration and antigen capture are antagonistic processes coupled by myosin II in dendritic cells Mélanie Chabaud, Mélina L Heuzé, Marine Bretou, Pablo Vargas, Paolo Maiuri, Paola Solanes, Mathieu Maurin, Emmanuel Terriac, Maël Le Berre, Danielle Lankar, Tristan Piolot, Robert S. Adelstein, Yingfan Zhang, Michael Sixt, Jordan Jacobelli, Olivier Bénichou, Raphaël Voituriez, Matthieu Piel and Ana-Maria Lennon-Duménil 14 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9122 Biological Sciences  Cell biology      Corrigendum: Salicylic acid biosynthesis is enhanced and contributes to increased biotrophic pathogen resistance in Arabidopsis hybrids Li Yang, Bosheng Li, Xiao-yu Zheng, Jigang Li, Mei Yang, Xinnian Dong, Guangming He, Chengcai An and Xing Wang Deng 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9145 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences      Corrigendum: Genome-wide adaptive complexes to underground stresses in blind mole rats Spalax Xiaodong Fang, Eviatar Nevo, Lijuan Han, Erez Y. Levanon, Jing Zhao, Aaron Avivi, Denis Larkin, Xuanting Jiang, Sergey Feranchuk, Yabing Zhu, Alla Fishman, Yue Feng, Noa Sher, Zhiqiang Xiong, Thomas Hankeln, Zhiyong Huang, Vera Gorbunova, Lu Zhang, Wei Zhao, Derek E. Wildman et al. 12 August 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9051 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics      Advertisement Nature Publishing Group offers a free open access funding support service to enable authors to discover and apply for article processing charge funding available to them. Visit our website for further advice on the funding options available, and guidance in approaching funders and institutions, or email openaccess@nature.com for more information.    Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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