Nature Medicine Contents: January 2015 Volume 21 Number 2 pp 185-191

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Advertisement The Vilcek Foundation congratulates the recipients of the 2015 Vilcek Prizes in Biomedical Science Peter Walter (University of California, San Francisco) wins $100,000 Vilcek Prize Sun Hur (Harvard Medical School & Boston Children's Hospital), Rob Knight (University of California, San Diego), and Franziska Michor (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard School of Public Health) receive $50,000 Vilcek Prizes for Creative Promise. More on Vilcek.org TABLE OF CONTENTS February 2015 Volume 21, Issue 2 Editorial News Correspondence News and Views Between Bedside and Bench Review Articles Letters Resource Technical Report Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Podcast Advertisement Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology  Focus on Paediatric cancer  Paediatric oncology is a bustling field with a wide remit, from genomic studies to surgical innovations. This Focus issue aims to look at a number of the key issues, and the cutting-edge research, surrounding treating arguably our most vulnerable patients. Produced with support of a grant from Bristol-Myers Squibb     Editorial Top The future of cancer genomics   p99 doi:10.1038/nm.3801 With the completion of The Cancer Genome Atlas, it is time to evaluate its impact and mine its data to gain a better understanding of cancer biology and therapy. News Top Biosimilar makers flout forced patent negotiations in US   pp100 - 101 Cassandra Willyard doi:10.1038/nm0215-100 In new crowdfunding trend, donors decide fate of clinical trials   pp101 - 102 Shraddha Chakradhar doi:10.1038/nm0215-101 Access sought to tuberculosis drug from nutraceutical company   p103 Karl Gruber doi:10.1038/nm.3805 Regulators move toward adverse event reporting via mobile apps   p104 Monica Heger doi:10.1038/nm0215-104 Approval may embolden industry to combine cancer therapies   p105 Boer Deng doi:10.1038/nm0215-105 News in Brief Biomedical briefing   pp106 - 107 doi:10.1038/nm0215-106 Correspondence Top Limitations of detection of anaplerosis and pyruvate cycling from metabolism of [1-13C] acetate   pp108 - 109 Shawn C Burgess, Mathew E Merritt, John G Jones, Jeffrey D Browning, A Dean Sherry et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3789 Response to Burgess   pp109 - 110 Douglas E Befroy, Richard G Kibbey, Rachel J Perry, Kitt Falk Petersen, Douglas L Rothman et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3790 News and Views Top AIDS virus seeks refuge in B cell follicles   pp111 - 112 Hendrik Streeck doi:10.1038/nm.3795 A study of SIV-infected rhesus macaques suggests that T follicular helper (TFH) cells, a specialized CD4+ T cell subset within the B cell follicles, are a sanctuary for SIV that is largely inaccessible to CD8+ T cells. These findings may open new avenues for research aimed at eradicating HIV. See also: Article by Fukazawa et al. A synthetic lethal approach targeting mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase in acute myeloid leukemia   pp113 - 114 Amit Verma and Ulrich Steidl doi:10.1038/nm.3796 Pathogenic mutations of the genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and 2 (IDH2) occur in people with acute myeloid leukemia or other tumors. A new study identifies a dependence of IDH-mutated cells on the anti-apoptosis regulator BCL-2 and indicates a 'synthetic lethal' strategy for the treatment of leukemias. See also: Letter by Chan et al. Reducing peripheral serotonin turns up the heat in brown fat   pp114 - 116 Andrew L Carey and Bronwyn A Kingwell doi:10.1038/nm.3797 Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic disease. A new study in mice reveals that lowering levels of the signaling molecule serotonin outside of the brain reduces obesity and its complications by increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT) energy expenditure. See also: Letter by Crane et al. Nature Medicine JOBS of the week Post doctoral fellow Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Research Assistant / Associate University of Cambridge - Sainsbury Laboratory Research Associate (Fixed Term) University of Cambridge More Science jobs from Nature Medicine EVENT Evolution 2015 26.06.15 Guaruj�, Brazil More science events from Between Bedside and Bench Top Understanding Local Macrophage Phenotypes In Disease: Modulating macrophage function to treat cancer   pp117 - 119 Vincenzo Bronte and Peter J Murray doi:10.1038/nm.3794 Recent studies have suggested that manipulating the tumor-associated macrophage phenotype is a valid therapeutic approach in cancer. In turn, these studies have given some insight into the factors that polarize macrophages, thereby suggesting alternative therapeutic avenues. Understanding Local Macrophage Phenotypes In Disease: Shape-shifting macrophages   pp119 - 120 Kate Liddiard and Philip R Taylor doi:10.1038/nm.3798 Macrophages are responsive to local tissue signals and alter their phenotypes accordingly. In disease tissues this means that macrophage phenotypes may change with disease progression, exacerbating or facilitating the resolution of the pathology. Review Top Therapeutic genome editing: prospects and challenges   pp121 - 131 David Benjamin Turitz Cox, Randall Jeffrey Platt and Feng Zhang doi:10.1038/nm.3793 Articles Top B cell follicle sanctuary permits persistent productive simian immunodeficiency virus infection in elite controllers   pp132 - 139 Yoshinori Fukazawa, Richard Lum, Afam A Okoye, Haesun Park, Kenta Matsuda et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3781 Fukazawa et al. report that SIV persists in follicular helper T cells in elite controller macaques, evading clearance by CD8+ T cells See also: News and Views by Streeck Myeloid-derived growth factor (C19orf10) mediates cardiac repair following myocardial infarction   pp140 - 149 Mortimer Korf-Klingebiel, Marc R Reboll, Stefanie Klede, Torben Brod, Andreas Pich et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3778 A newly identified secreted protein, MYDGF, acts on cardiac muscle and endothelial cells to protect and repair the heart after myocardial infarction. Orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 regulates transforming growth factor-[beta] signaling and fibrosis   pp150 - 158 Katrin Palumbo-Zerr, Pawel Zerr, Alfiya Distler, Judith Fliehr, Rossella Mancuso et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3777 NR4A1 is shown to be an endogenous inhibitor of TGF-[beta]-induced fibrosis and represents a therapeutic target for this condition. Intestinal FXR agonism promotes adipose tissue browning and reduces obesity and insulin resistance   pp159 - 165 Sungsoon Fang, Jae Myoung Suh, Shannon M Reilly, Elizabeth Yu, Olivia Osborn et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3760 Restriction of FXR agonism to the gut improves obesity and diabetes. Letters Top Inhibiting peripheral serotonin synthesis reduces obesity and metabolic dysfunction by promoting brown adipose tissue thermogenesis   pp166 - 172 Justin D Crane, Rengasamy Palanivel, Emilio P Mottillo, Adam L Bujak, Huaqing Wang et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3766 Elevated eripheral serotonin reduces brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and promotes obesity and metabolic dysfunction. See also: News and Views by Carey & Kingwell Loss of FFA2 and FFA3 increases insulin secretion and improves glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetes   pp173 - 177 Cong Tang, Kashan Ahmed, Andreas Gille, Shun Lu, Hermann-Josef Grone et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3779 Genetic deletion of two fatty acid receptors in beta cells improves insulin secretion and diabetes. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations induce BCL-2 dependence in acute myeloid leukemia   pp178 - 184 Steven M Chan, Daniel Thomas, M Ryan Corces-Zimmerman, Seethu Xavy, Suchita Rastogi et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3788 IDH1 and IDH2 mutations sensitize acute myeloid leukemia cells to the BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199. See also: News and Views by Verma & Steidl Resource Top Whole-genome sequencing of quartet families with autism spectrum disorder   pp185 - 191 Ryan K C Yuen, Bhooma Thiruvahindrapuram, Daniele Merico, Susan Walker, Kristiina Tammimies et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3792 Whole-genome sequencing of 85 families with two affected siblings reveals considerable genetic heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorder. Technical Report Top Structure-inherent targeting of near-infrared fluorophores for parathyroid and thyroid gland imaging   pp192 - 197 Hoon Hyun, Min Ho Park, Eric A Owens, Hideyuki Wada, Maged Henary et al. doi:10.1038/nm.3728 Real-time identification of thyroid and parathyroid glands simultaneously and separately using near-infrared fluorophores in rat and pig models. Top Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com More Nature Events

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