Nature Reviews Microbiology contents February 2015 Volume 13 Number 2 pp 65-123

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
February 2015 Volume 13 Number 2
Impact Factor 23.317 *	In this issue Research Highlights News and Analysis Reviews Perspectives  Featured article: Polintons: a hotbed of eukaryotic virus, transposon and plasmid evolution Mart Krupovic & Eugene V. Koonin
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Microbiome: Gut bacteria cross malaria p65 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3419 Bacteria in the gut that cross-react with malarial parasites can induce the production of protective natural antibodies. PDF Parasite physiology: Propelling artemisinin resistance p66 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3423 Two new studies elucidate how K13-propeller mutations in Plasmodium falciparum confer resistance to artemisinin. PDF Symbiosis: Sweet talking your partner p66 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3424 A new study shows that the cyclic provision of a single glycan by the Hawaiian bobtail squid to its bioluminescent symbiont Vibrio fischeri contributes to the persistence of their lifelong symbiosis. PDF Bacterial physiology: FtsZ and FtsA find the right place p67 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3418 Two studies now provide new insights into the positioning and membrane association of two components of the Streptococcus pneumoniae Z ring, the tubulin-related GTPase FtsZ and the actin-related protein FtsA, respectively. PDF Antimicrobials: New tricks for old drugs p68 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3421 A new study shows that, in addition to inhibiting penicillin-binding proteins, β-lactams induce peptidoglycan degradation, which enhances bacterial killing. PDF IN BRIEF Microbial ecology: Setting a trap | Techniques & applications: Capturing bacterial chromosome conformation | Viral infection: Filling the canyon PDF Microbiology JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Fellow in Environmental Microbiology City University of Hong Kong Postdoctoral Fellow in Microbiology / Immunology University of Southern California Postdoctoral Associate -Therapeutic Microbiology Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) Postdoctoral position in Pathology / Microbiology Ume� University International PhD Program in Microbiology International Max Planck Research School for Environmental, Cellular, and Molecular Microbiology More Science jobs from Microbiology EVENT EMBO | EMBL Symposium: New Approaches and Concepts in Microbiology 11.10.15 Heidelberg, Germany More science events from
NEWS AND ANALYSIS		Top
GENOME WATCH Keeping an eye on P. aeruginosa Susannah J. Salter p69 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3422 This month's Genome Watch looks at how whole genome sequencing (WGS) can be used to track the source of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and to investigate its transition and adaptation from the environment to a human host. PDF
REVIEWS		Top
Bacteria, the endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response: friends or foes? Jean Celli & Renée M. Tsolis p71 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3393 Some bacteria interact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to generate intracellular compartments that promote bacterial replication. However, conditions of physiological stress in the ER elicit the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is a cytoprotective response that is also involved in innate immune sensing. Here, Celli and Tsolis discuss how bacteria and the ER interact, including how bacteria induce the UPR, how subversion of the UPR promotes bacterial proliferation and how the UPR participates in innate immune responses against intracellular bacteria. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
The BER necessities: the repair of DNA damage in human-adapted bacterial pathogens Stijn van der Veen & Christoph M. Tang p83 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3391 The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the most important mechanism for the repair of oxidative DNA damage, which is frequently encountered by host-adapted bacterial pathogens. Here, van der Veen and Tang review DNA repair in the human pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Helicobacter pylori and Neisseria meningitidis, highlighting common and distinct mechanisms. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Enemy attraction: bacterial agonists for leukocyte chemotaxis receptors Dominik Alexander Bloes, Dorothee Kretschmer & Andreas Peschel p95 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3390 Recent studies have indicated that the recognition of microorganism-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involves a larger set of chemotactic MAMPs and corresponding GPCRs than was previously thought. Peschel and colleagues review bacterial leukocyte-attracting molecules, the corresponding human receptors, and their roles in antibacterial host defence. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Polintons: a hotbed of eukaryotic virus, transposon and plasmid evolution Mart Krupovic & Eugene V. Koonin p105 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3389 Polintons are large DNA transposons that are widespread in the genomes of eukaryotes. Here, Krupovic and Koonin propose that Polintons were the first group of eukaryotic double-stranded DNA viruses to evolve from bacteriophages and that they gave rise to most large DNA viruses of eukaryotes and various other selfish elements. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
OPINION What is a resistance gene? Ranking risk in resistomes José L. Martínez, Teresa M. Coque & Fernando Baquero p116 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3399 In this Opinion article, Baquero and colleagues propose a hierarchical system for estimating the risks associated with genes present in environmental resistomes, by evaluating the likelihood of their introduction into human pathogens, and the consequences of such introduction events for the treatment of bacterial infections. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
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