Nature Physics February Issue

TABLE OF CONTENTS February 2013 Volume 9, Issue 2 Editorials Thesis Research Highlights News and Views Letters Articles Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement New Nature Journals iPad app Read Nature anytime, anywhere. Subscribe to Nature on the iPad for only $35.99* Download the new app from the app store. *Apple exchange rates apply to international prices.   Editorials Top Capital investment   p61 doi:10.1038/nphys2557 Funding schemes are set to promote the transfer of lab research into marketable technology. App-y days   p61 doi:10.1038/nphys2558 Nature Physics is now available in an iPad app. Thesis Top Going up, going down   p63 Mark Buchanan doi:10.1038/nphys2547 Research Highlights Top Third time lucky | Disorder for localization | Out of this world | Thicker than blood | Graphene exerts its influence News and Views Top Quantum dots: Reading the signs   pp65 - 66 Bernhard Urbaszek doi:10.1038/nphys2537 Spin coherence of valence holes in semiconductor quantum-dots is governed by interactions with the nuclear spins of the dot lattice. Experiments and theory have revealed an important new ingredient that determines the strength and sign of this coupling. See also: Letter by Chekhovich et al. Solar physics: Magnetic dance   p66 Iulia Georgescu doi:10.1038/nphys2550 Superconductors: No charge for spin transport   pp67 - 68 Nadya Mason and Martin Stehno doi:10.1038/nphys2529 In superconductors spin and charge can be completely decoupled leading to unusual transport phenomena, such as nearly chargeless spin flow. See also: Letter by Quay et al. Ultracold gases: Atom SQUID   pp68 - 69 Mark Edwards doi:10.1038/nphys2546 Superfluid ultracold gases in designer potentials are analogous to superconducting electronic circuits. The study of these systems refines our understanding of flow and dissipation in quantum fluids, and has applications for inertial sensing and metrology. Nonlinear dynamics: New tricks for big kicks   pp69 - 70 Avi Gozolchiani and Shlomo Havlin doi:10.1038/nphys2539 Techniques for understanding how a system responds to an infinitesimal perturbation are well developed — but what happens when the kick gets stronger? Insight into the topology of phase space may now provide the answer. See also: Letter by Menck et al. Physics JOBS of the week Lecturer or Senior Lecturer / Reader in Experimental Particle Physics UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX PhD position at Theoretical Physics Department Prof. Eugene Sukhorukov Ph.D. student position in Applied Physics: Nanopores Chalmers University of Technology Postdoctoral position in molecular physics Aarhus Universitet Denmark Postdoctoral Research Fellow - Theoretical Chemical Physics The University of Queensland More Science jobs from Physics EVENT IOP Nuclear Physics Group Conference 4th July 2013 York, UK More science events from Letters Top Gravitational bar detectors set limits to Planck-scale physics on macroscopic variables   pp71 - 73 Francesco Marin, Francesco Marino, Michele Bonaldi, Massimo Cerdonio, Livia Conti, Paolo Falferi, Renato Mezzena, Antonello Ortolan, Giovanni A. Prodi, Luca Taffarello, Gabriele Vedovato, Andrea Vinante and Jean-Pierre Zendri doi:10.1038/nphys2503 The elusive effects of quantum gravity could be betrayed by subtle deviations from standard quantum mechanics. An experiment using the gravitational wave bar detector AURIGA explores the limits of quantum gravity-induced modifications in the ground state of a mechanical oscillator cooled to the sub-millikelvin regime. Element-sensitive measurement of the hole-nuclear spin interaction in quantum dots   pp74 - 78 E. A. Chekhovich, M. M. Glazov, A. B. Krysa, M. Hopkinson, P. Senellart, A. Lemaître, M. S. Skolnick and A. I. Tartakovskii doi:10.1038/nphys2514 Quantum dots are a promising host for spin-based qubits. Whereas nuclear-field fluctuations adversely affect electron-spin coherence, the smaller hyperfine interaction between holes and nuclei makes holes a promising alternative. A sensitive measurement of the hyperfine constant of the holes in different quantum-dot material systems now demonstrates how this interaction can be tuned and perhaps further reduced. See also: News and Views by Urbaszek Thermodynamic phase diagram of static charge order in underdoped YBa2Cu3Oy    pp79 - 83 David LeBoeuf, S. Kramer, W. N. Hardy, Ruixing Liang, D. A. Bonn and Cyril Proust doi:10.1038/nphys2502 A thermodynamic probe of the recently discovered charge-density-wave order in YBa2Cu3Oy reveals a biaxial modulation in magnetic fields up to 40 T. Spin imbalance and spin-charge separation in a mesoscopic superconductor   pp84 - 88 C. H. L. Quay, D. Chevallier, C. Bena and M. Aprili doi:10.1038/nphys2518 Injection of spin-polarized electrons into a superconductor leads to both spin and charge imbalance. If charge relaxation occurs faster than spin relaxation, it is possible to observe excess spin at almost no extra charge. See also: News and Views by Mason & Stehno How basin stability complements the linear-stability paradigm   pp89 - 92 Peter J. Menck, Jobst Heitzig, Norbert Marwan and Jürgen Kurths doi:10.1038/nphys2516 Linear-stability measures for assessing the state of a dynamical system are inherently local, and thus insufficient to quantify stability against substantial perturbations. The volume of a state's basin of attraction offers a powerful alternative—and points towards a plausible explanation for regularity in real-world networks. See also: News and Views by Gozolchiani & Havlin Articles Top Efimov effect in quantum magnets   pp93 - 97 Yusuke Nishida, Yasuyuki Kato and Cristian D. Batista doi:10.1038/nphys2523 The Efimov effect is a universal phenomenon displaying an infinite tower of three-body bound states. Recently it was observed in an ultracold atomic gas, and now Efimov physics has been predicted to exist in a quantum magnet. The space group classification of topological band-insulators   pp98 - 102 Robert-Jan Slager, Andrej Mesaros, Vladimir Juričić and Jan Zaanen doi:10.1038/nphys2513 Topological insulators are now shown to be protected not only by time-reversal symmetry, but also by crystal lattice symmetry. By accounting for the crystalline symmetries, additional topological insulators can be predicted. Photocurrent measurements of supercollision cooling in graphene   pp103 - 108 Matt W. Graham, Su-Fei Shi, Daniel C. Ralph, Jiwoong Park and Paul L. McEuen doi:10.1038/nphys2493 A time-dependent study of the effective temperature of carriers in impurity-free graphene now indicates that a disorder-assisted mechanism is responsible for cooling hot electrons. Observation of this so-called supercollision contradicts the idea that electron-phonon interactions dominate cooling. Supercollision cooling in undoped graphene   pp109 - 112 A. C. Betz, S. H. Jhang, E. Pallecchi, R. Ferreira, G. Fève, J-M. Berroir and B. Plaçais doi:10.1038/nphys2494 Charge transport is usually limited by collisions between the carriers, impurities and/or phonons. Collisions involving three bodies are generally much rarer. A study now reveals, however, that such supercollisions can play an important role in the properties of graphene. The role of non-equilibrium vibrational structures in electronic coherence and recoherence in pigment-protein complexes   pp113 - 118 A. W. Chin, J. Prior, R. Rosenbach, F. Caycedo-Soler, S. F. Huelga and M. B. Plenio doi:10.1038/nphys2515 Photosynthesis is remarkably efficient. The transport of optically generated excitons from absorbing pigments, through protein complexes, to reaction centres is nearly perfect. Simulations now uncover the microscopic mechanism that drives this coherent behaviour: interactions between the excitons and the vibrational modes of the pigment-protein complex. 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