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Here is your customized Phys.org Newsletter for July 5, 2012:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
- Sharing data links in networks of cars- Robot vision: Muscle-like action allows camera to mimic human eye movement
- Brain center for social choices discovered in a poker study
- Hormones dictate when youngsters fly the nest: research
- Scientists identify critical 'quality control' for cell growth
- The key (proteins) to self-renewing skin
- Another M-class flare from Sunspot 1515
- First direct evidence that elemental fluorine occurs in nature
- Climate change suspended coral reef growth for 2,500 years
- Novel nanotherapeutic delivers clot-busting drugs directly to obstructed blood vessels
- Social networks can be used to influence health behavior: study
- Scientists discover new trigger for immense North Atlantic Ocean spring plankton bloom
- Jekyll and Hyde bacteria aids or kills, depending on chance
- Satellite research reveals smaller volcanoes could cool climate
- Olympus unwraps MEG4.0 wearable display
Space & Earth news
Carbon price here to stay: Australian research
The future of the Carbon Tax may be uncertain, but a carbon price is here to stay, according to research from The Australian National University.
Where did I park my spacecraft?
Researchers have developed a method to determine the location of a spacecraft within one hundred metres, even if the spacecraft is several hundred million kilometres from Earth. In addition to spacecraft-spotting, the same technique can be applied to study the atmosphere of our neighbouring planets or the structure of the planet’s interior using radio telescopes. Thus, for example, researchers have discovered water in some of Saturn’s moons and have searched for thunderstorms in Mars.
Extreme weather conditions cost EU's transport system at least 15 billion annually
A study carried out by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland indicates that extreme weather conditions cost EU transport system at least €15 billion a year. Currently, the greatest costs incurred are from road accidents, with the associated material damage and psychological suffering. However, costs arising from accidents are expected to decrease in volume, though time-related costs attributable to delays are projected to increase. In part, this is due to climate change, whose impact on extreme weather phenomena was addressed in the study, and because of consequent costs.
Independence day fireworks
This image shows four separate images of the M5.3 class flare from the morning of July 4, 2012. In clockwise order starting at the top left, the wavelengths shown are: 131, 94, 193, and 171 Angstroms. Each wavelength shows a different temperature of material, which in turn corresponds to different levels of the sun's atmosphere. By looking at images in several wavelengths, scientists can track how a solar eruption moves through the layers.
Myth-busting climate change website wins global award
(Phys.org) -- Myths circulating online about climate change cause misplaced apathy or alarm. A website built to be the antidote has won a major global award for a team from the University of Southampton.
Melas Dorsa reveals a complex geological history on Mars
(Phys.org) -- ESA’s Mars Express has imaged an area to the south of the famed Valles Marineris canyon on the Red Planet, showing a wide range of tectonic and impact features.
Toward a better understanding of earthquakes
The earth is shaken daily by strong earthquakes recorded by a number of seismic stations worldwide. Tectonic tremor, however, is a new type of seismic signal that seismologist started studying only within the last few years. Tremor is less hazardous than earthquakes and occurs at greater depth. The link between tremor and earthquakes may provide clues about the more destructive earthquakes that occur at shallower depths. Geophysicists of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) collected seismic data of tectonic tremor in California. These data are now being evaluated in order to better understand this new seismic phenomenon.
New instrument sifts through starlight to reveal new worlds
An advanced telescope imaging system that started taking data last month is the first of its kind capable of spotting planets orbiting suns outside of our solar system. The collaborative set of high-tech instrumentation and software, called Project 1640, is now operating on the Hale telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California after more than six years of development by researchers and engineers at the American Museum of Natural History, the California Institute of Technology, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). The project's first images demonstrating a new technique that creates extremely precise "dark holes" around stars of interest were presented today at the International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE) Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation meeting in Amsterdam by Ben R. Oppenheimer, an associate curator in the Museum's Department of Astrophysics and principal investigator for Project 1640.
NASA satellites examine powerful summer derecho
As a powerful summertime derecho moved from Illinois to the Mid-Atlantic states on June 29, expanding and bringing destruction with it, NASA and other satellites provided a look at various factors involved in the event, its progression and its aftermath.
NASA sees tropical fireworks in E. Pacific in newborn Tropical Storm Daniel
Tropical "fireworks" happened in the eastern Pacific Ocean on July 4 as Tropical Depression 04E formed off western Mexico's coast and strengthened into Tropical Storm Daniel. NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite captured an image of TD 4E's rainfall and towering clouds as it passed overhead, and saw "hot towers" that suggested it would become a tropical storm.
Nitrogen pollution changing Rocky Mountain National Park vegetation
A new study led by the University of Colorado Boulder indicates air pollution in the form of nitrogen compounds emanating from power plants, automobiles and agriculture is changing the alpine vegetation in Rocky Mountain National Park.
US Drought Monitor shows record-breaking expanse of drought across US
More of the United States is in moderate drought or worse than at any other time in the 12-year history of the U.S. Drought Monitor, officials from the National Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln said today.
Cosmology group finds measurable evidence of dark matter filament
(Phys.org) -- As time passes and more research is done, more evidence is compiled supporting the theory that suggests that dark matter is a real thing, even though no direct evidence for its existence has ever been found. Instead, the evidence comes about as measurements of other phenomenon are taken, generally involving gravitational pull on objects in the universe we can see that cannot be explained by other means. One of these instances is where weak gravitational lensing occurs, which is where light appears to bend as it passes by large objects. Theory suggests that in cases where lensing occurs but there is no detectable object behind its cause, the reason for it is dark matter exerting a gravitational influence. That has been the case with what are known as filaments; gravitational effects that connect galactic superclusters, keeping them bound together.
UKIRT discovers 'impossible' binary stars
(Phys.org) -- A team of astronomers have used the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) on Hawaii to discover four pairs of stars that orbit each other in less than 4 hours. Until now it was thought that such close-in binary stars could not exist. The new discoveries come from the telescope's Wide Field Camera (WFCAM) Transit Survey, and appear in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Scientists discover new trigger for immense North Atlantic Ocean spring plankton bloom
On this July 4th week, U.S. beachgoers are thronging their way to seaside resorts and parks to celebrate with holiday fireworks. But across the horizon and miles out to sea toward the north, the Atlantic Ocean's own spring and summer ritual unfolds. It entails the blooming of countless microscopic plants, or phytoplankton.
Climate change suspended coral reef growth for 2,500 years
Climate change drove coral reefs to a total ecosystem collapse lasting thousands of years, according to a paper published this week in Science. The paper shows how natural climatic shifts stopped reef growth in the eastern Pacific for 2,500 years. The reef shutdown, which began 4,000 years ago, corresponds to a period of dramatic swings in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). "As humans continue to pump greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, the climate is once again on the threshold of a new regime, with dire consequences for reef ecosystems unless we get control of climate change," said coauthor Richard Aronson, a biology professor at Florida Institute of Technology.
Another M-class flare from Sunspot 1515
Active Region 1515 has now spit out 12 M-class flares since July 3. Early in the morning of July 5, 2012 there was an M6.1 flare. It peaked at 7:44 AM EDT. This caused a moderate – classified as R2 on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's space weather scale – radio blackout that has since subsided.
Satellite research reveals smaller volcanoes could cool climate
A University of Saskatchewan-led international research team has discovered that aerosols from relatively small volcanic eruptions can be boosted into the high atmosphere by weather systems such as monsoons, where they can affect global temperatures. The research appears in the July 6 issue of the journal Science.
Life's molecules could lie within reach of Mars Curiosity rover
Stick a shovel in the ground and scoop. That's about how deep scientists need to go in order to find evidence for ancient life on Mars, if there is any to be found, a new study suggests. That's within reach of Curiosity, the Mars Science Laboratory rover expected to land on the Red Planet next month.
Technology news
Football rule-makers approve goal-line technology
(AP) — Football finally embraced goal-line technology as FIFA's lawmaking panel approved two systems for use in matches on Thursday.
Al-Jazeera show's Twitter account hacked
(AP) — The Twitter account of Al-Jazeera's English-language social media show has been hacked by supporters of Syrian President Bashar Assad.
Human Rights Council backs Internet freedom
The UN Human Rights Council (HRC) in Geneva passed its first resolution on Internet freedom on Thursday with a call for all states to support individuals' rights online as much as offline.
Taiwan's HTC pleased with UK court victory over Apple
Taiwan's leading smartphone maker HTC Thursday hailed as a victory a British court ruling that it did not infringe on a patent owned by the US technology giant Apple.
New approach uncovers data abuse on mobile end devices
Increasingly often, mobile applications on web-enabled mobile phones and tablet computers do more than they appear to.
Google puts Italy's film heritage on YouTube
US Internet giant Google and Italy's Istituto Luce-Cinecitta on Thursday announced a joint project to make much of the country's silver screen heritage available on a YouTube channel.
Driver cellphone blocking technology could save lives
Researchers in India are developing a new technology that will prevent truck drivers and other road users from using their cell phones while driving. The technology based on RFIDs could also be integrated with police traffic monitoring.
Solar plane flies to Madrid Friday
An experimental solar-powered aircraft will leave the Moroccan capital on Friday for Madrid on its return journey to its home port in Switzerland, Morocco's news agency MAP reported.
Kodak Gallery photos in limbo as Shutterfly transfer begins
If you're one of the nearly 70 million people who subscribed to the Kodak Gallery photo-sharing site, here's some bad news: It has officially closed.
Microsoft helps startups create business connecting with Kinect
In a conference center room on Microsoft's Redmond campus last week, a slim, bespectacled CEO clad in a white lab coat was waving his arms wildly.
'Driverless driving' envisioned for Japan in early 2020s
In just 10 years or so, Japanese motorists may be traveling around comfortably, free from traffic jams and accidents, in a vehicle that drives itself.
China starts stockpiling rare earths: report
China has started stockpiling rare earths for strategic reserves, a state-backed newspaper said Thursday, in a move that may raise more worries over Beijing's control of the coveted resources.
Malware may knock thousands off Internet on Monday
Despite repeated alerts, tens of thousands may still lose their Internet service Monday unless they do a quick check of their computers for malware that could have taken over their machines more than a year ago.
Olympus unwraps MEG4.0 wearable display
(Phys.org) -- Adding to the onslaught of vendor prototypes of wearable heads-up display models is Japan based Olympus with its Thursday announcement of the Meg4.0, a glasses mounted display—yes, it needs to be fitted on eyeglasses—with technology that Olympus hopes will differentiate it from other vendors' attempts. MEG4.0, a tiny wearable display weighing in at 30g, can be fitted on most glasses. The wearer connects it to a smartphone with GPS, via Bluetooth 2.1. The MEG4.0 comes with QVGA resolution (320×240) with a 10cd/m2 – 2,000 cd/m2 brightness, and built in accelerometer.
Robot vision: Muscle-like action allows camera to mimic human eye movement
Using piezoelectric materials, researchers have replicated the muscle motion of the human eye to control camera systems in a way designed to improve the operation of robots. This new muscle-like action could help make robotic tools safer and more effective for MRI-guided surgery and robotic rehabilitation.
Sharing data links in networks of cars
Wi-Fi is coming to our cars. Ford Motor Co. has been equipping cars with Wi-Fi transmitters since 2010; according to an Agence France-Presse story last year, the company expects that by 2015, 80 percent of the cars it sells in North America will have Wi-Fi built in. The same article cites a host of other manufacturers worldwide that either offer Wi-Fi in some high-end vehicles or belong to standards organizations that are trying to develop recommendations for automotive Wi-Fi.
Medicine & Health news
Developing world has less than 5 percent chance of meeting UN child hunger target, study estimates
Insufficient progress has been made in most developing countries to meet the United Nations' target of halving the proportion of children who suffer from hunger by 2015 compared with 1990 levels, according to a systematic analysis of data on children's height and weight, published today in the Lancet. Although the nutritional status of children under five has improved overall since 1985, one in five infants and children in developing countries is still moderately or severely underweight, amounting to an estimated 110 million children worldwide. Another 148 million are mildly underweight.
New study maps hotspots of human-animal infectious diseases and emerging disease outbreaks
A new global study mapping human-animal diseases like tuberculosis (TB) and Rift Valley fever finds that an "unlucky" 13 zoonoses are responsible for 2.4 billion cases of human illness and 2.2 million deaths per year. The vast majority occur in low- and middle-income countries.
Romney threads position on health law 'tax'
Republican White House hopeful Mitt Romney has appeared to contradict previous campaign statements by saying President Barack Obama's health reform law entails a "tax" and not a penalty.
Mystery disease kills 61 kids in Cambodia
(AP) — A World Health Organization expert says it's too early to know whether a mixture of known diseases or something new is responsible for the deaths of more than 60 children in Cambodia.
Cholera outbreak in northern Mali kills two
Two people have died and 26 others have been infected by an outbreak of cholera in the city of Gao, northern Mali, a region occupied by hardline Islamist groups, officials told AFP on Wednesday.
Merck KGaA suffers setback on cancer drug
German pharmaceuticals maker Merck KGaA said Thursday that phase III clinical trials of its gastric cancer drug Erbitux had shown no benefits for patients.
Hong Kong closes bird market over H5N1 virus
Hong Kong on Thursday closed a popular tourist spot where hundreds of caged birds are on display after the deadly H5N1 avian flu virus was detected at one of the stalls.
Strawberries activate protection protein to prevent cardiovascular disease
Strawberries, the traditional summer treat associated with Wimbledon could be serving up some unexpected health benefits.
Fingolimod: 'Hint' of advantages in a small group of patients
The immunosuppressive drug fingolimod (trade name: Gilenya) is approved for the treatment of highly-active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in adults. In an early benefit assessment pursuant to "Act on the Reform of the Market for Medicinal Products" (AMNOG), the German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) assessed whether fingolimod offers an added benefit compared with the present standard therapy.
Study dispels concerns about drive-thru flu clinics
Critics have pointed to fainting risks and subsequent auto accidents as reasons for concern when using drive-thru influenza immunization clinics, according to Ruth Carrico, PhD, RN, FSHEA, CIC, associate professor, division of infectious diseases, University of Louisville School of Medicine.
GlaxoSmithKline pleads guilty to health fraud (Update)
(AP) — A U.S. judge on Thursday approved an agreement by British drugmaker GlaxoSmithKline to pay $3 billion for criminal and civil violations involving 10 drugs, the largest health care fraud settlement in U.S. history.
Keeping kids safe on roller coasters and other thrill rides
(HealthDay) -- This summer, thrill-seekers will test their bravery on extreme roller-coaster rides -- twisting, flipping and spinning, all while trying to keep their lunch down.
Flip-flops: your arch enemy?
(HealthDay) -- People of all ages wear flip-flops during the summer, but this type of footwear can cause pain and injury when worn for long periods of time, while walking on concrete or when playing sports, experts warn.
Scientists discover new clues explaining tendon injury
Tendon disorders cost the UK economy more than £7bn a year and now scientists at Queen Mary, University of London have identified a vital component of tendons which could help treat them.
Discovery improves understanding of early onset inflammatory disease
Scientists at the University of East Anglia (UEA) have discovered a 'constant cloud' of potent inflammatory molecules surrounding the cells responsible for diseases such as thickening of the arteries and rheumatoid arthritis.
New research links mothers' lack of folic acid with cleft lip and palate
(Medical Xpress) -- New research by medics at Trinity College Dublin suggests that folic acid plays a vital role in preventing a major birth defect. This is in addition to the established protection against neural birth defect such as spina bifida The findings published in the July 2012 edition of the leading primary care journal, the British Journal of General Practice show that the risk of having Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) was more than four times higher if mothers had not taken folic acid in the first trimester.
Hunting for autism's chemical clues
On her laptop computer one recent afternoon, University at Buffalo researcher Charmion Cruickshank calls up a mass spectrometry readout showing the breakdown of chemicals in the urine of a child with autism.
Women more likely to defer health care for financial reasons
(Medical Xpress) -- Women are more likely to put off going to their GP, buying prescriptions or going to the dentist for financial reasons than men according to a new University of Otago study.
Study finds drug warning labels need overhaul to better capture attention and effectively convey information
(Medical Xpress) -- Many patients seem to ignore prescription drug warning labels with instructions that are critical for safe and effective use, according to a study by a Kansas State University researcher working with scientists at Michigan State University.
Simple exercises are an easy and cost-effective treatment for persistent dizziness
A professor from the University of Southampton has called on doctors around the world to give patients with persistent dizziness a booklet of simple exercises, after new research has shown that it is a very cost effective treatment for common causes of the condition.
Surgical residents perform better in OR if they receive structured training in simulated environment
New research has shown that surgical residents who received structured training in a simulated environment perform significantly better when they start operating on patients.
Diabetes drug metformin makes brain cells grow
The widely used diabetes drug metformin comes with a rather unexpected and alluring side effect: it encourages the growth of new neurons in the brain. The study reported in the July 6th issue of Cell Stem Cell also finds that those neural effects of the drug also make mice smarter.
The parenthood paradox: Certain parenting beliefs are detrimental to mothers' mental health
Does being an intense mother make women unhappy? According to a new study by Kathryn Rizzo and colleagues, from the University of Mary Washington in the US, women who believe in intensive parenting - i.e., that women are better parents than men, that mothering should be child-centred, and that children should be considered sacred and are fulfilling to parents - are more likely to have negative mental health outcomes. The work is published online in Springer's Journal of Child and Family Studies.
Scientists identify gene linked to facial, skull and cognitive impairment
A gene whose mutation results in malformed faces and skulls as well as mental retardation has been found by scientists.
miR loss may power maligant transformation in chronic leukemia
Loss of a particular microRNA in chronic lymphocytic leukemia shuts down normal cell metabolism and turns up alternative mechanisms that enable cancer cells to produce the energy and build the molecules they need to proliferate and invade neighboring tissue.
Child diabetes levels higher in China than in US, study finds
A study led by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found Chinese teenagers have a rate of diabetes nearly four times greater than their counterparts in the United States. The rise in the incidence of diabetes parallels increases in cardiovascular risk, researchers say, and is the result of a Chinese population that is growing increasingly overweight.
Dose-escalated cetuximab tolerated in colorectal cancer
(HealthDay) -- For patients with irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), dose escalation of cetuximab is well tolerated and may improve response and disease control rates, but patients experience more grade ≥2 skin reactions, according to a study published online July 2 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Positive outcome no more likely in industry-funded trials
(HealthDay) -- Industry-sponsored clinical trials of rheumatoid arthritis drugs are no more likely to report positive outcomes than trials funded by other means, and in many cases use better methodology, according to research published in the July issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism.
Rewiring DNA circuitry could help treat asthma
(Medical Xpress) -- Reprogramming asthma-promoting immune cells in mice diminishes airway damage and inflammation, and could potentially lead to new treatments for people with asthma, researchers have found.
Demystifying the immortality of cancer cells
(Medical Xpress) -- In cancer cells, normal mechanisms governing the cellular life cycle have gone haywire. Cancer cells continue to divide indefinitely, without ever dying off, thus creating rapidly growing tumors. Swiss scientists have discovered a protein complex involved this deregulated process, and hope to be able to exploit it to stop tumor formation in its tracks.
How a protein meal tells your brain you are full
Feeling full involves more than just the uncomfortable sensation that your waistband is getting tight. Investigators reporting online on July 5th in the Cell Press journal Cell have now mapped out the signals that travel between your gut and your brain to generate the feeling of satiety after eating a protein-rich meal. Understanding this back and forth loop between the brain and gut may pave the way for future approaches in the treatment and/or prevention of obesity.
Device converting images into music helps individuals without vision reach for objects in space
Sensory substitution devices (SSDs) use sound or touch to help the visually impaired perceive the visual scene surrounding them. The ideal SSD would assist not only in sensing the environment but also in performing daily activities based on this input. For example, accurately reaching for a coffee cup, or shaking a friend's hand. In a new study, scientists trained blindfolded sighted participants to perform fast and accurate movements using a new SSD, called EyeMusic. Their results are published in the July issue of Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience.
Social networks can be used to influence health behavior: study
Most people call it the "art" of persuasion, but public health researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) are trying to pinpoint the "science" behind social influence.
Novel nanotherapeutic delivers clot-busting drugs directly to obstructed blood vessels
Researchers at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University have developed a novel biomimetic strategy that delivers life-saving nanotherapeutics directly to obstructed blood vessels, dissolving blood clots before they cause serious damage or even death. This new approach enables thrombus dissolution while using only a fraction of the drug dose normally required, thereby minimizing bleeding side effects that currently limit widespread use of clot-busting drugs.
The key (proteins) to self-renewing skin
In the July 6 issue of Cell Stem Cell, researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine describe how human epidermal progenitor cells and stem cells control transcription factors to avoid premature differentiation, preserving their ability to produce new skin cells throughout life.
Antibodies reverse type 1 diabetes in new immunotherapy study
Scientists at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine have used injections of antibodies to rapidly reverse the onset of Type I diabetes in mice genetically bred to develop the disease. Moreover, just two injections maintained disease remission indefinitely without harming the immune system.
Brain center for social choices discovered in a poker study
Although many areas of the human brain are devoted to social tasks like detecting another person nearby, a new study has found that one small region carries information only for decisions during social interactions. Specifically, the area is active when we encounter a worthy opponent and decide whether to deceive them.
Biology news
Special issue of Botany showcases CANPOLIN research
A special issue of the journal Botany is set to showcase to the world the multipronged-approach that Canadian researchers are bringing to the study of pollination biology. The journal's July issue features seven articles from NSERC-CANPOLIN researchers, examining topics that range from the effect of flower structure on pollinator activity to the impacts of recent climate change on pollinator ranges. The issue also includes two review papers, one exploring pollen limitation and pollinator diversity, and the other assessing the value of network biology studies in pollinator conservation.
Seagulls feel the benefits of climate change
(Phys.org) -- It may be a wet summer, but seagulls are benefiting from climate change.
Researchers discover the origins of key immune cells
Chronic inflammatory conditions are extremely common diseases in humans and in the entire animal kingdom. Both in autoimmune diseases and pathogen-caused diseases, the inflamed areas are rapidly colonized by antibody producing B lymphocytes – which organize themselves in highly structured areas called "lymphoid follicles". The scaffold of such follicles is provided by follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). FDCs have important roles in the development of immune responses, since they trap antigens for protracted periods of, thereby training B lymphocytes to recognize the invaders. However, FDCs can also play deleterious roles in disease, because they can provide sanctuaries for infectious pathogens such as the human immunodeficiency virus and prions.
Rare sighting: Dozens of blue whales off US coast
(AP) — Blue whales, the world's largest animal, are being seen in droves off the California coast.
Hormones dictate when youngsters fly the nest: research
Seabirds feed their young less as they reach an age to fly the nest, but it's hormones that actually control when the chicks leave home, according to new research from the University of Leeds.
Scientists identify critical 'quality control' for cell growth
Scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute have identified a series of intricate biochemical steps that lead to the successful production of proteins, the basic working units of any cell.
Critical process in stem cell development identified
Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes have discovered that environmental factors critically influence the growth of a type of stem cell--called an iPS cell--that is derived from adult skin cells. This discovery offers newfound understanding of how these cells form, while also advancing science closer to stem cell-based therapies to combat disease.
Endowment effect in chimpanzees can be turned on and off: study
Groundbreaking new research in the field of "evolutionary analysis in law" not only provides additional evidence that chimpanzees share the controversial human psychological trait known as the endowment effect – which in humans has implications for law – but also shows the effect can be turned on or off for single objects, depending on their immediate situational usefulness.
Jekyll and Hyde bacteria aids or kills, depending on chance
Living in the guts of worms are seemingly innocuous bacteria that contribute to their survival. With a flip of a switch, however, these same bacteria transform from harmless microbes into deadly insecticides.
Bioengineers discover single cancer cell can produce up to five daughter cells
Conventional biology expects the process of mammalian cell division, mitosis, to occur by the equal partition of a mother cell into two daughter cells. Bioengineers at UCLA Engineering have developed a platform that mechanically confines cells, simulating the in vivo three-dimensional environments in which they divide. Upon confinement they have discovered that cancer cells can divide a large percentage of the time into three or more daughter cells instead.
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