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| | | | Editorial |  Top |  |  | | The rugged landscape of drug design p1165
doi:10.1038/ng.1030
How can we get more therapies into preclinical testing and increase the proportion that succeed in preclinical testing? How can we increase the efficacy of therapies? How can we ensure that therapies are developed for rare diseases?
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| | Correspondence | Top | | | | Evidence for dosage compensation between the X chromosome and autosomes in mammals pp1167 - 1169
Peter V Kharchenko, Ruibin Xi and Peter J Park
doi:10.1038/ng.991
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| | | | Relative overexpression of X-linked genes in mouse embryonic stem cells is consistent with Ohno's hypothesis pp1169 - 1170
Hong Lin, John A Halsall, Philipp Antczak, Laura P O'Neill, Francesco Falciani and Bryan M Turner
doi:10.1038/ng.992
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| | | | He et al. reply pp1171 - 1172
Xionglei He, Xiaoshu Chen, Yuanyan Xiong, Zhidong Chen, Xunzhang Wang, Suhua Shi, Xueqin Wang and Jianzhi Zhang
doi:10.1038/ng.1010
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| | News and Views | Top | | | | | | Research Highlights | Top | | | | Leishmaniasis genomes | Priming for chemotherapy | PTEN ceRNAs in melanoma | Personalized asthma control | AKT2 mutations and hypoglycemia
| Analysis | Top | | | | Evidence for compensatory upregulation of expressed X-linked genes in mammals, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster pp1179 - 1185
Xinxian Deng, Joseph B Hiatt, Di Kim Nguyen, Sevinc Ercan, David Sturgill, LaDeana W Hillier, Felix Schlesinger, Carrie A Davis, Valerie J Reinke, Thomas R Gingeras, Jay Shendure, Robert H Waterston, Brian Oliver, Jason D Lieb and Christine M Disteche
doi:10.1038/ng.948
Brian Oliver, Jason Lieb, Christine Disteche and colleagues present an analysis of expression data in mammals, C. elegans and Drosophila. They conclude that dosage compensation corrects the imbalance in the number of X chromosomes relative to autosomes by upregulating X-linked genes in both males and females.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
| | Brief Communications | Top | | | | Loss-of-function variant in DNASE1L3 causes a familial form of systemic lupus erythematosus pp1186 - 1188
Sulaiman M Al-Mayouf, Asma Sunker, Reem Abdwani, Safiya Al Abrawi, Fathiya Almurshedi, Nadia Alhashmi, Abdullah Al Sonbul, Wafaa Sewairi, Aliya Qari, Eiman Abdallah, Mohammed Al-Owain, Saleh Al Motywee, Hanan Al-Rayes, Mais Hashem, Hanif Khalak, Latifa Al-Jebali and Fowzan S Alkuraya
doi:10.1038/ng.975
Fowzan Alkuraya and colleagues report the identification of a truncating mutation in DNASE1L3 in six families with an autosomal recessive Mendelian form of systemic lupus erythematosus, a complex autoimmune disease.
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| | | | Mutations in MEGF10, a regulator of satellite cell myogenesis, cause early onset myopathy, areflexia, respiratory distress and dysphagia (EMARDD) pp1189 - 1192
Clare V Logan, Barbara Lucke, Caroline Pottinger, Zakia A Abdelhamed, David A Parry, Katarzyna Szymanska, Christine P Diggle, Anne van Riesen, Joanne E Morgan, Grace Markham, Ian Ellis, Adnan Y Manzur, Alexander F Markham, Mike Shires, Tim Helliwell, Mariacristina Scoto, Christoph Hübner, David T Bonthron, Graham R Taylor, Eamonn Sheridan, Francesco Muntoni, Ian M Carr, Markus Schuelke & Colin A Johnson
doi:10.1038/ng.995
Markus Schuelke, Colin Johnson and colleagues report the identification of mutations in MEGF10 that cause infantile myopathy with diaphragmatic weakness, areflexia, respiratory distress and dysphagia.
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| | | Advertisement | | Measure and record spectral ranges for photometric analysis in the UV/Vis range with the new Eppendorf BioSpectrometer®. The intuitive software guides you through the individual methods, step by step. In addition to pre-programmed methods for standard measurements you can also store your own methods. Frequently used methods can be saved separately for quick access.
Learn more at www.eppendorf.com/biospectrometer |  |
| | | | Articles | Top | | | | Dense genotyping identifies and localizes multiple common and rare variant association signals in celiac disease pp1193 - 1201
Gosia Trynka, Karen A Hunt, Nicholas A Bockett, Jihane Romanos, Vanisha Mistry, Agata Szperl, Sjoerd F Bakker, Maria Teresa Bardella, Leena Bhaw-Rosun, Gemma Castillejo, Emilio G de la Concha, Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida, Kerith-Rae M Dias, Cleo C van Diemen, Patrick C A Dubois, Richard H Duerr, Sarah Edkins, Lude Franke, Karin Fransen, Javier Gutierrez, Graham A R Heap, Barbara Hrdlickova, Sarah Hunt, Leticia Plaza Izurieta, Valentina Izzo, Leo A B Joosten, Cordelia Langford, Maria Cristina Mazzilli, Charles A Mein, Vandana Midah, Mitja Mitrovic, Barbara Mora, Marinita Morelli, Sarah Nutland, Concepción Núñez, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Kerra Pearce, Mathieu Platteel, Isabel Polanco, Simon Potter, Carmen Ribes-Koninckx, Isis Ricaño-Ponce, Stephen S Rich, Anna Rybak, José Luis Santiago, Sabyasachi Senapati, Ajit Sood, Hania Szajewska, Riccardo Troncone, Jezabel Varadé, Chris Wallace, Victorien M Wolters, Alexandra Zhernakova, Spanish Consortium on the Genetics of Coeliac Disease (CEGEC), PreventCD Study Group, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC), B K Thelma, Bozena Cukrowska, Elena Urcelay, Jose Ramon Bilbao, M Luisa Mearin, Donatella Barisani, Jeffrey C Barrett, Vincent Plagnol, Panos Deloukas, Cisca Wijmenga & David A van Heel
doi:10.1038/ng.998
David van Heel, Cisca Wijmenga and colleagues used a custom, high-density genotyping chip to examine 183 immune-related loci for their role in celiac disease. They report 13 new regions associated with celiac disease risk, identify multiple independent signals at several loci and refine the localization of many previously reported risk signals.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
See also: News and Views by Polychronakos
| | | | Insertional mutagenesis identifies multiple networks of cooperating genes driving intestinal tumorigenesis pp1202 - 1209
H Nikki March, Alistair G Rust, Nicholas A Wright, Jelle ten Hoeve, Jeroen de Ridder, Matthew Eldridge, Louise van der Weyden, Anton Berns, Jules Gadiot, Anthony Uren, Richard Kemp, Mark J Arends, Lodewyk F A Wessels, Douglas J Winton and David J Adams
doi:10.1038/ng.990
Douglas Winton and colleagues report the results of a large insertional mutagenesis screen to identify drivers of intestinal tumorigenesis in mice. The study identifies a large number of potential cancer drivers, including new modifiers of canonical Wnt signaling and components of the FGF pathway.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
| | | Advertisement | | New: informatics and tools for interpreting
whole genomes
knomeBASE automatically annotates, compares, and distills human whole genome sequence data, allowing you to focus on discovery - not informatics. knomeBASE also includes a suite of software tools, scripts, and libraries that give geneticists unprecedented flexibility to query multiple genomes and visualize gene interaction networks. $750 per genome. Learn more. |  |
| | | | Letters | Top | | | | A common variant at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus is associated with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer pp1210 - 1214
Christopher A Haiman, Gary K Chen, Celine M Vachon, Federico Canzian, Alison Dunning, Robert C Millikan, Xianshu Wang, Foluso Ademuyiwa, Shahana Ahmed, Christine B Ambrosone, Laura Baglietto, Rosemary Balleine, Elisa V Bandera, Matthias W Beckmann, Christine D Berg, Leslie Bernstein, Carl Blomqvist, William J Blot, Hiltrud Brauch, Julie E Buring, Lisa A Carey, Jane E Carpenter, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J Chanock, Daniel I Chasman, Christine L Clarke, Angela Cox, Simon S Cross, Sandra L Deming, Robert B Diasio, Athanasios M Dimopoulos, W Ryan Driver, Thomas Dünnebier, Lorraine Durcan, Diana Eccles, Christopher K Edlund, Arif B Ekici, Peter A Fasching, Heather S Feigelson, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Florentia Fostira, Asta Försti, George Fountzilas, Susan M Gerty, The Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany (GENICA) Consortium, Graham G Giles, Andrew K Godwin, Paul Goodfellow, Nikki Graham, Dario Greco, Ute Hamann, Susan E Hankinson, Arndt Hartmann, Rebecca Hein, Judith Heinz, Andrea Holbrook, Robert N Hoover, Jennifer J Hu, David J Hunter, Sue A Ingles, Astrid Irwanto, Jennifer Ivanovich, Esther M John, Nicola Johnson, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Rudolf Kaaks, Yon-Dschun Ko, Laurence N Kolonel, Irene Konstantopoulou, Veli-Matti Kosma, Swati Kulkarni, Diether Lambrechts, Adam M Lee, Loïc Le Marchand, Timothy Lesnick, Jianjun Liu, Sara Lindstrom, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Nicholas G Martin, Penelope Miron, Grant W Montgomery, Heli Nevanlinna, Stephan Nickels, Sarah Nyante, Curtis Olswold, Julie Palmer, Harsh Pathak, Dimitrios Pectasides, Charles M Perou, Julian Peto, Paul D P Pharoah, Loreall C Pooler, Michael F Press, Katri Pylkäs, Timothy R Rebbeck, Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil, Lynn Rosenberg, Eric Ross, Thomas Rüdiger, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Elinor Sawyer, Marjanka K Schmidt, Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland, Fredrick Schumacher, Gianluca Severi, Xin Sheng, Lisa B Signorello, Hans-Peter Sinn, Kristen N Stevens, Melissa C Southey, William J Tapper, Ian Tomlinson, Frans B L Hogervorst, Els Wauters, JoEllen Weaver, Hans Wildiers, Robert Winqvist, David Van Den Berg, Peggy Wan, Lucy Y Xia, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Wei Zheng, Regina G Ziegler, Afshan Siddiq, Susan L Slager, Daniel O Stram, Douglas Easton, Peter Kraft, Brian E Henderson & Fergus J Couch
doi:10.1038/ng.985
Christopher Haiman and colleagues report a genome-wide association study for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer in women of African and European ancestry. They identify a variant at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus on 5p15 as associated with ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer. This locus also harbors multiple variants associated with a range of other cancers.
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| | | | A genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for non-cardia gastric cancer at 3q13.31 and 5p13.1 pp1215 - 1218
Yongyong Shi, Zhibin Hu, Chen Wu, Juncheng Dai, Huizhang Li, Jing Dong, Meilin Wang, Xiaoping Miao, Yifeng Zhou, Feng Lu, Hanze Zhang, Lingmin Hu, Yue Jiang, Zhiqiang Li, Minjie Chu, Hongxia Ma, Jiaping Chen, Guangfu Jin, Wen Tan, Tangchun Wu, Zhengdong Zhang, Dongxin Lin and Hongbing Shen
doi:10.1038/ng.978
Hongbing Shen, Dongxin Lin, Yongyong Shi and colleagues identify two new susceptibility loci for non-cardia gastric cancer. They also confirm three previously reported risk loci for this gastric cancer subtype.
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| | | | Exome sequencing identifies frequent mutation of ARID1A in molecular subtypes of gastric cancer pp1219 - 1223
Kai Wang, Junsuo Kan, Siu Tsan Yuen, Stephanie T Shi, Kent Man Chu, Simon Law, Tsun Leung Chan, Zhengyan Kan, Annie S Y Chan, Wai Yin Tsui, Siu Po Lee, Siu Lun Ho, Anthony K W Chan, Grace H W Cheng, Peter C Roberts, Paul A Rejto, Neil W Gibson, David J Pocalyko, Mao Mao, Jiangchun Xu and Suet Yi Leung
doi:10.1038/ng.982
Suet Leung, Jiangchun Xu and colleagues report exome sequencing of 22 gastric cancers. They found that genes involved in chromatin modification were commonly mutated, including ARID1A encoding an SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex component that had a high rate of mutation.
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| | | | Common variants on 8p12 and 1q24.2 confer risk of schizophrenia pp1224 - 1227
Yongyong Shi, Zhiqiang Li, Qi Xu, Ti Wang, Tao Li, Jiawei Shen, Fengyu Zhang, Jianhua Chen, Guoquan Zhou, Weidong Ji, Baojie Li, Yifeng Xu, Dengtang Liu, Peng Wang, Ping Yang, Benxiu Liu, Wensheng Sun, Chunling Wan, Shengying Qin, Guang He, Stacy Steinberg, Sven Cichon, Thomas Werge, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Sarah Tosato, Aarno Palotie, Markus M Nöthen, Marcella Rietschel, Roel A Ophoff, David A Collier, Dan Rujescu, David St Clair, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Jue Ji, Qingzhong Wang, Wenjin Li, Linqing Zheng, Hairong Zhang, Guoyin Feng & Lin He
doi:10.1038/ng.980
Yongyong Shi, Lin He and colleagues report a genome-wide association study for schizophrenia in the Han Chinese population. They identify two new susceptibility loci on 8p12 and 1q24.2.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Genome-wide association study identifies a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia in Han Chinese at 11p11.2 pp1228 - 1231
Wei-Hua Yue, Hai-Feng Wang, Liang-Dan Sun, Fu-Lei Tang, Zhong-Hua Liu, Hong-Xing Zhang, Wen-Qiang Li, Yan-Ling Zhang, Yang Zhang, Cui-Cui Ma, Bo Du, Li-Fang Wang, Yun-Qing Ren, Yong-Feng Yang, Xiao-Feng Hu, Yi Wang, Wei Deng, Li-Wen Tan, Yun-Long Tan, Qi Chen, Guang-Ming Xu, Gui-Gang Yang, Xian-bo Zuo, Hao Yan, Yan-Yan Ruan, Tian-Lan Lu, Xue Han, Xiao-Hong Ma, Yan Wang, Li-Wei Cai, Chao Jin, Hong-Yan Zhang, Jun Yan, Wei-Feng Mi, Xian-Yong Yin, Wen-Bin Ma, Qi Liu, Lan Kang, Wei Sun, Cheng-Ying Pan, Mei Shuang, Fu-De Yang, Chuan-Yue Wang, Jian-Li Yang, Ke-Qing Li, Xin Ma, Ling-Jiang Li, Xin Yu, Qi-Zhai Li, Xun Huang, Lu-Xian Lv, Tao Li, Guo-Ping Zhao, Wei Huang, Xue-Jun Zhang & Dai Zhang
doi:10.1038/ng.979
Dai Zhang and colleagues report a genome-wide association study for schizophrenia in the Han Chinese population. They identify a new susceptibility locus at 11p11.2 and also identify a locus at 6p21-22.1 in the extended MHC region, which has previously been reported to be associated with schizophrenia in individuals of European descent.
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| | | | A rare penetrant mutation in CFH confers high risk of age-related macular degeneration pp1232 - 1236
Soumya Raychaudhuri, Oleg Iartchouk, Kimberly Chin, Perciliz L Tan, Albert K Tai, Stephan Ripke, Sivakumar Gowrisankar, Soumya Vemuri, Kate Montgomery, Yi Yu, Robyn Reynolds, Donald J Zack, Betsy Campochiaro, Peter Campochiaro, Nicholas Katsanis, Mark J Daly and Johanna M Seddon
doi:10.1038/ng.976
Soumya Raychaudhuri and Johanna Seddon and colleagues report the identification of a rare penetrant mutation in CFH that associates with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: News and Views by Wright
| | | | A genome-wide association study identifies common variants near LBX1 associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis pp1237 - 1240
Yohei Takahashi, Ikuyo Kou, Atsushi Takahashi, Todd A Johnson, Katsuki Kono, Noriaki Kawakami, Koki Uno, Manabu Ito, Shohei Minami, Haruhisa Yanagida, Hiroshi Taneichi, Taichi Tsuji, Teppei Suzuki, Hideki Sudo, Toshiaki Kotani, Kota Watanabe, Kazuhiro Chiba, Naoya Hosono, Naoyuki Kamatani, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda, Yoshiaki Toyama, Michiaki Kubo, Morio Matsumoto and Shiro Ikegawa
doi:10.1038/ng.974
Shiro Ikegawa and colleagues identify common variants near LBX1 associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. LBX1 encodes a homeobox protein expressed in the dorsal spinal cord and skeletal muscle that may contribute to scoliosis risk by altering somatosensory function.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Genome-wide association study identifies FCGR2A as a susceptibility locus for Kawasaki disease pp1241 - 1246
Chiea Chuen Khor, Sonia Davila, Willemijn B Breunis, Yi-Ching Lee, Chisato Shimizu, Victoria J Wright, Rae S M Yeung, Dennis E K Tan, Kar Seng Sim, Jie Jin Wang, Tien Yin Wong, Junxiong Pang, Paul Mitchell, Rolando Cimaz, Nagib Dahdah, Yiu-Fai Cheung, Guo-Ying Huang, Wanling Yang, In-Sook Park, Jong-Keuk Lee, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Michael Levin, Jane C Burns, David Burgner, Taco W Kuijpers, Martin L Hibberd, Hong Kong–Shanghai Kawasaki Disease Genetics Consortium, Korean Kawasaki Disease Genetics Consortium, Taiwan Kawasaki Disease Genetics Consortium, International Kawasaki Disease Genetics Consortium, US Kawasaki Disease Genetics Consortium & Blue Mountains Eye Study
doi:10.1038/ng.981
The Hong Kong-Shanghai, Korean, Taiwan, US and International Kawasaki Disease Genetics Consortia report a genome-wide association study in Kawasaki disease. They identify a novel locus in the FCGR2A gene that confers elevated risk of disease.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Identification of two new loci at IL23R and RAB32 that influence susceptibility to leprosy pp1247 - 1251
Furen Zhang, Hong Liu, Shumin Chen, Huiqi Low, Liangdan Sun, Yong Cui, Tongsheng Chu, Yi Li, Xi'an Fu, Yongxiang Yu, Gongqi Yu, Benqing Shi, Hongqing Tian, Dianchang Liu, Xiulu Yu, Jinghui Li, Nan Lu, Fangfang Bao, Chunying Yuan, Jian Liu, Huaxu Liu, Lin Zhang, Yonghu Sun, Mingfei Chen, Qing Yang, Haitao Yang, Rongde Yang, Lianhua Zhang, Qiang Wang, Hong Liu, Fuguang Zuo, Haizhen Zhang, Chiea Chuen Khor, Martin L Hibberd, Sen Yang, Jianjun Liu & Xuejun Zhang
doi:10.1038/ng.973
Furen Zhang and colleagues report a genome-wide association study for susceptibility to leprosy. They identify two new risk loci at IL23R and RAB32.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Exome sequencing identifies truncating mutations in PRRT2 that cause paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia pp1252 - 1255
Wan-Jin Chen, Yu Lin, Zhi-Qi Xiong, Wei Wei, Wang Ni, Guo-He Tan, Shun-Ling Guo, Jin He, Ya-Fang Chen, Qi-Jie Zhang, Hong-Fu Li, Yi Lin, Shen-Xing Murong, Jianfeng Xu, Ning Wang and Zhi-Ying Wu
doi:10.1038/ng.1008
Zhi-Ying Wu and colleagues report the identification of truncating mutations in the PRRT2 gene in families with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. PRRT2 encodes the proline-rich transmembrane protein 2.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Somatic mosaic IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are associated with enchondroma and spindle cell hemangioma in Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome pp1256 - 1261
Twinkal C Pansuriya, Ronald van Eijk, Pio d'Adamo, Maayke A J H van Ruler, Marieke L Kuijjer, Jan Oosting, Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen, Jolieke G van Oosterwijk, Sofie L J Verbeke, Daniëlle Meijer, Tom van Wezel, Karolin H Nord, Luca Sangiorgi, Berkin Toker, Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger, Mikel San-Julian, Raf Sciot, Nisha Limaye, Lars-Gunnar Kindblom, Soeren Daugaard, Catherine Godfraind, Laurence M Boon, Miikka Vikkula, Kyle C Kurek, Karoly Szuhai, Pim J French & Judith V M G Bovée
doi:10.1038/ng.1004
Judith Bovée and colleagues report the identification of somatic mosaic mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 in tumors from individuals with Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome, which are non-hereditary skeletal disorders characterized by multiple enchondromas.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome are caused by somatic mosaic mutations of IDH1 and IDH2 pp1262 - 1265
M Fernanda Amary, Stephen Damato, Dina Halai, Malihe Eskandarpour, Fitim Berisha, Fiona Bonar, Stan McCarthy, Valeria R Fantin, Kimberly S Straley, Samira Lobo, Will Aston, Claire L Green, Rosemary E Gale, Roberto Tirabosco, Andrew Futreal, Peter Campbell, Nadege Presneau and Adrienne M Flanagan
doi:10.1038/ng.994
Adrienne Flanagan and colleagues report the identification of somatic mosaic mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes in tumors from individuals with Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome, diseases that are characterized by the presence of multiple central cartilaginous tumors that are accompanied by soft tissue hemangiomas in Maffucci syndrome.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Natural variation in GS5 plays an important role in regulating grain size and yield in rice pp1266 - 1269
Yibo Li, Chuchuan Fan, Yongzhong Xing, Yunhe Jiang, Lijun Luo, Liang Sun, Di Shao, Chunjue Xu, Xianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Yuqing He and Qifa Zhang
doi:10.1038/ng.977
Qifa Zhang and colleagues report the map-based cloning of the quantitative trait locus GS5, which regulates grain size and yield in rice. GS5 encodes a putative serine carboxypeptidase and increased expression is associated with larger grain.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Predicting phenotypic variation in yeast from individual genome sequences pp1270 - 1274
Rob Jelier, Jennifer I Semple, Rosa Garcia-Verdugo and Ben Lehner
doi:10.1038/ng.1007
Ben Lehner and colleagues report an analysis of the published genome sequences of 19 S. cerevisiae strains together with the results of growth experiments using 15 strains across 20 environmental conditions. They define sets of genes influencing growth under these different conditions and use their data to make predictions about the phenotypes of individual strains.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
| | | | Parallel bacterial evolution within multiple patients identifies candidate pathogenicity genes pp1275 - 1280
Tami D Lieberman, Jean-Baptiste Michel, Mythili Aingaran, Gail Potter-Bynoe, Damien Roux, Michael R Davis Jr, David Skurnik, Nicholas Leiby, John J LiPuma, Joanna B Goldberg, Alexander J McAdam, Gregory P Priebe and Roy Kishony
doi:10.1038/ng.997
Roy Kishony and colleagues sequenced the genomes of 112 Burkholderia dolosa isolates recovered from 14 individuals with cystic fibrosis as part of a retrospective study from a hospital epidemic monitored over the course of 16 years. They tracked recurrent mutations occurring in the bacterial isolates and found that 17 genes showed evidence of parallel adaptive evolution.
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: News and Views by Lenski
| | | Top | |  | | Advertisement | | Dermatogenetics
February 9-12, 2012 • Miami, FL, USA
The conference will cover: genetic variation, gene expression and cellular mechanisms in this shared area of exceptional interest to basic researchers, biopharma and translational medicine.
Abstract Submission and Early Registration Deadline: December 1, 2011
For more information and to register visit:
www.nature.com/natureconferences/dg2012  |
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