4 November 2010 Volume 468 Number 7320, pp 5 - 128
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EDITORIALS
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Support refugee scientists p5
The cause of displaced scholars provides a much-needed reminder that
intellectual freedom must not be taken for granted. Groups that help
them need greater support themselves.
doi:10.1038/468005a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=88&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Galileo's send-off p6
An upcoming mission to Jupiter should include a piece of the famous
astronomer.
doi:10.1038/468006a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=97&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A painful remedy p6
The number of papers being retracted is on the rise, for reasons that
are not all bad.
doi:10.1038/468006b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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WORLD VIEW
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How to beat the media in the climate street fight p7
Researchers must take a more aggressive approach to counter shoddy
journalism and set the scientific record straight, says
Simon L. Lewis.
doi:10.1038/468007a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=129&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Zoology: Spiders lured by subterfuge p8
doi:10.1038/468008a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=60&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chemistry: Zinc can swim in an electric field p8
doi:10.1038/468008b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Glaciology: Heat trickles down in ice sheets p8
doi:10.1038/468008c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=72&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cancer biology: Cell neighbours aid cancer relapse p8
doi:10.1038/468008d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=77&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecology: Brave fish forage more p9
doi:10.1038/468009a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=121&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Applied physics: Long-lasting memory storage p9
doi:10.1038/468009b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Immunology: How NETs form to capture invaders p9
doi:10.1038/468009c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=106&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecology: Climate controls tree growth p9
doi:10.1038/468009d
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Structural biology: A walk through the genome p9
doi:10.1038/468009e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=117&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
COMMUNITY CHOICE
Genetics: The enigma of genes and environment p9
doi:10.1038/468009f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=112&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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SEVEN DAYS
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Seven days: 4 November 2010 pp10-11
The week in science
doi:10.1038/468010a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=253&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS
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Geoengineering faces ban pp13-14
Moratorium on schemes to reduce global warming clashes with reports
urging more research.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/468013a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=250&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
World gets 2020 vision for conservation p14
With a raft of agreements emerging from Nagoya, the next step is
finding the cash to move beyond the blueprint.
Anjali Nayar
doi:10.1038/468014a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=248&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cosmic blasts hint at inner magnetars p15
A twist in the plot for the Universe's most powerful explosions
suggests a detour en route to forming a black hole.
Eugenie Samuel Reich
doi:10.1038/468015a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=245&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Curtain falls on collaborative work p16
End of the line for international funding agency that brought former
Soviet weapons scientists in from the cold.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/468016a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=286&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Researchers launch hunt for endangered data pp17-18
Global effort will catalogue information languishing in drawers and
basements.
Linda Nordling
doi:10.1038/468017a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=283&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
'Biosimilar' drugs poised to penetrate market
pp18-19
Draft regulations will pave the way for copycat antibodies and other
large molecules.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/468018a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=281&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Brazil's climate modellers are set to go global p20
Supercomputer will drive model to analyse effects of wildfire on
world climate.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/468020a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=266&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Correction p20
doi:10.1038/468020b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=272&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FEATURES
----------------------
Genomics: DNA's master craftsmen pp22-25
Behind the walls of the J. Craig Venter Institute, Ham Smith and
Clyde Hutchison quietly worked to bring a synthetic cell to life.
Roberta Kwok
doi:10.1038/468022a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=254&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Marine science: The tiniest catch pp26-27
Marine scientists are prowling the Bering Sea to learn how climate
affects minute sea creatures and the lucrative fishery that depends
on them.
Wendee Holtcamp
doi:10.1038/468026a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=256&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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COMMENT
----------------------
Transparency showcases strength of peer review pp29-31
Bernd Pulverer reflects on his experience at The EMBO Journal of
publishing referees' reports, authors' responses and editors'
comments alongside papers, as other EMBO publications adopt the
same policy.
Bernd Pulverer
doi:10.1038/468029a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=35&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BOOKS AND ARTS
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Psychology: A social animal revealed pp32-33
The inner strengths of psychologist Elliot Aronson are on display in
his honest autobiography, finds W. F. Bynum.
W. F. Bynum reviews Not by Chance Alone: My Life as a Social
Psychologist by Elliot Aronson
doi:10.1038/468032a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=30&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Books in brief p33
Joanne Baker
doi:10.1038/468033a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=33&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Developmental biology: The whole nine months p34
Michael Sargent examines the evidence that pre-birth experiences
shape our lives.
Michael Sargent reviews Origins: How the Nine Months Before Birth
Shape the Rest of Our Lives by Annie Murphy Paul
doi:10.1038/468034a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Communication: Learning to love science films pp35-36
Carl Zimmer comes around to the idea that science and movies can
enjoy a happy union.
Carl Zimmer reviews Imagine Science Film Festival by
doi:10.1038/468035a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Computer code: more credit needed p37
Herman Tse
doi:10.1038/468037a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=52&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Computer code: incentives needed p37
Konrad Hinsen
doi:10.1038/468037b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Computer code: a model journal p37
Dan Lunt
doi:10.1038/468037c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Reviewer disclaims competing interest p37
Daniel S. Greenberg
doi:10.1038/468037d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
More insights from Crick's lost letters p37
Robert Olby
doi:10.1038/468037e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=44&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS & VIEWS
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Fundamental physics: Gravity's weight on unification pp40-41
Much research in theoretical physics is inspired at least in part by
the idea of unifying all of the fundamental forces of nature. An
analysis of how gravity affects other forces at subnuclear scales
has major implications for that idea. See Article p.56
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
doi:10.1038/468040a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=7&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Immunology: Conditional stability of T cells pp41-42
Data from several recent studies on the dynamics of regulatory T
cells -- which suppress excessive immune responses -- do not add up.
Collective analysis of the observations may reconcile the differences
between them.
Shimon Sakaguchi
doi:10.1038/468041a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=1&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Diabetes: Podocytes lose their footing pp42-44
Impaired insulin action, combined with its insufficient secretion,
can cause diabetes. In a surprising extension of this notion,
decreased insulin action in the kidney's podocyte cells may
contribute to renal complications in diabetes.
Christian Rask-Madsen and George L. King
doi:10.1038/468042a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=3&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cell biology: Myosin in motion p43
Deepa Nath
doi:10.1038/468043a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Quantum computing: Quantum RAM pp44-45
Hybrid quantum systems have been suggested as a potential route to
building a quantum computer. The latest research shows that they
offer a robust solution to developing a form of random access memory
for such a machine.
Miles Blencowe
doi:10.1038/468044a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Microbiology: Slicer for DNA pp45-46
Many bacteria and archaea protect themselves from viruses and other
invasive genomes through a genetic interference pathway. The small
RNAs that guide this defence specify the direct cleavage of foreign
DNA. See Article p.67
Erik J. Sontheimer and Luciano A. Marraffini
doi:10.1038/468045a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Structural biology: On stress and pressure pp46-47
The protein angiotensinogen must undergo conformational changes to be
cleaved into a precursor of the hormone angiotensin, which increases
blood pressure. Oxidative stress seems to mediate this structural
alteration. See Letter p.108
Curt D. Sigmund
doi:10.1038/468046a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ARISING
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Moulting tail feathers in a juvenile oviraptorisaur pE1
Richard O. Prum
doi:10.1038/nature09480
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=164&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=299&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Xu et al. reply pE2
Xing Xu, Xiaoting Zheng and Hailu You
doi:10.1038/nature09481
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=163&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=305&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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ARTICLES
----------------------
Early star-forming galaxies and the reionization of the Universe
pp49-55
Star-forming galaxies trace cosmic history. Recent observational
progress has led to the discovery and study of the earliest known
galaxies, corresponding to a period when the Universe was only ~800
million years old. Intense ultraviolet radiation from these early
galaxies probably induced a major event in cosmic history: the
reionization of intergalactic hydrogen.
Brant E. Robertson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09527
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=161&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=257&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Quantum gravitational contributions to quantum electrodynamics
pp56-59
Within quantum electrodynamics electric charge is energy dependent,
and there is a previous claim that charge is affected by gravity
(general relativity) with the implication that the charge is reduced
at high energies. But that claim has been very controversial. This
author reports an analysis demonstrating that quantum gravity
corrections to quantum electrodynamics have a quadratic energy
dependence that results in the electric charge vanishing at high
energies.
David J. Toms
doi:10.1038/nature09506
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=160&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genomic and functional adaptation in surface ocean planktonic
prokaryotes pp60-66
Using newly derived genome sequences of 137 marine microbial isolates
as well as previously obtained genome and metagenome data, this study
presents a functional analysis of picoplankton residing in the
ocean's surface layer.
Shibu Yooseph et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09530
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=273&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The CRISPR/Cas bacterial immune system cleaves bacteriophage and
plasmid DNA pp67-71
CRISPR/Cas is a microbial immune system that is known to protect
bacteria from virus infection. These authors show that the
Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR/Cas system can prevent both plasmid
carriage and phage infection through cleavage of invading
double-stranded DNA.
Josiane E. Garneau et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09523
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=258&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=14&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Video imaging of walking myosin V by high-speed atomic force
microscopy pp72-76
High-speed atomic force microscopy can be used to record the
structure and dynamics of biomolecules simultaneously. These authors
use this method to directly observe the dynamics of the motor protein
myosin V moving along actin filaments, with unprecedented time
resolution. The high-resolution movies provide evidence supporting
the 'swinging lever-arm' model of myosin motility, and provide
important insights into the mechanism of motor movement.
Noriyuki Kodera, Daisuke Yamamoto, Ryoki Ishikawa and Toshio Ando
doi:10.1038/nature09450
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=260&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=23&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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LETTERS
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Formation of the black-hole binary M33 X-7 through mass exchange in
a tight massive system pp77-79
The X-ray source M33 X-7 hosts a rapidly spinning, 15.65M[curren]
black hole orbiting an underluminous, 70M[curren] main-sequence
companion in a slightly eccentric 3.45-day orbit. Hitherto, there has
been no satisfactory explanation for the observed properties. These
authors report simulations of evolutionary tracks which reveal that
if M33 X-7 started as a primary body of 85M[curren]-99M[curren] and a
secondary body of 28M[curren]-32M[curren], in a 2.8-3.1-day orbit,
its properties can be consistently explained.
Francesca Valsecchi et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09463
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=262&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=229&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Holographic three-dimensional telepresence using large-area
photorefractive polymer pp80-83
Holographic displays can produce truly three-dimensional (3D) images,
but have so far been unable to update images fast enough. These
authors have adapted a previous technique, based on holographic
stereographic recording with a photorefractive polymeric material as
the recording medium, to produce a quasi-real-time holographic
display that can refresh its images every two seconds, and use it to
demonstrate the possibility of 3D telepresence. Improvements could
bring applications in telemedicine, prototyping, advertising,
updatable 3D maps and entertainment.
P.-A. Blanche et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09521
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=265&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=225&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Reversed flow of Atlantic deep water during the Last Glacial Maximum
pp84-88
The behaviour of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
(MOC) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), about 21 kyr ago,
remains uncertain, with different lines of evidence arguing for
either no change or a sharp reduction. These authors present an
analysis of flow-sensitive protactinium and thorium isotopes from
the North and South Atlantic oceans, showing that the previously
contradictory results can be integrated in a new framework supporting
a reversed Atlantic MOC at the LGM.
Cesar Negre et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09508
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=268&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=107&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Higher rates of sex evolve in spatially heterogeneous environments
pp89-92
Direct experimental tests of the conditions under which sex evolves
have been rare. These authors evolve populations of a facultatively
sexual rotifer in homogeneous and heterogeneous environments and show
that the latter promotes sex.
Lutz Becks and Aneil F. Agrawal
doi:10.1038/nature09449
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=271&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=119&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Antibodies to human serum amyloid P component eliminate visceral
amyloid deposits pp93-97
Systemic amyloidosis is a serious disease caused by accumulation of
amyloid fibrils in the viscera and connective tissues. Serum amyloid
P component (SAP) is a normal plasma protein that concentrates within
the amyloid deposits. These authors find that a combination of a drug
that depletes circulating SAP and an antibody that targets residual
SAP within the deposits results in clearance of amyloid deposits in a
mouse model of the disease.
Karl Bodin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09494
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=274&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=79&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Osteoclast differentiation factor RANKL controls development of
progestin-driven mammary cancer pp98-102
Progestins, used in contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy,
have been linked to breast cancer. These authors provide a
mechanistic basis for this association. They show in a mouse model
that synthetic progestins can promote mammary tumour formation by
inducing RANKL (receptor activator of NF-KB ligand), which acts on
mammary epithelial cells through the RANKL receptor RANK.
Daniel Schramek et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09387
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=276&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=61&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
RANK ligand mediates progestin-induced mammary epithelial
proliferation and carcinogenesis pp103-107
Progestins, used in hormone replacement therapy and contraceptives,
have been suggested to promote the development of breast cancer.
These authors show that the ability of progestins to induce mammary
tumours in mouse models is mediated by RANKL (receptor activator of
NF-KB ligand). Inhibition of RANKL could reduce tumorigenesis in
hormone-induced and other mouse mammary gland tumour models,
suggesting a new therapeutic approach.
Eva Gonzalez-Suarez et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09495
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=278&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A redox switch in angiotensinogen modulates angiotensin release
pp108-111
Angiotensins have a crucial role in blood pressure regulation and are
generated by cleavage of a larger protein, angiotensinogen, by the
enzyme renin. Structures of angiotensinogen alone and in complex with
renin show that a large conformational change is required to expose
the renin-cleavage site. The authors also show that this transition
is regulated by oxidation and that women with pre-eclampsia have
higher levels of the more active, oxidized, form.
Aiwu Zhou et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09505
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=279&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=289&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A methyl transferase links the circadian clock to the regulation of
alternative splicing pp112-116
Various biological processes are entrained by the day-night cycle to
occur at a specific time of day. One way the circadian system exerts
these effects is through post-transcriptional regulation. These
authors show that a protein that transfers methyl groups onto several
spliceosome subunits, PRMT5, is regulated by the light-dark cycle.
Methylation of these subunits affects alternative splicing of some
genes, thus making them subject to circadian control.
Sabrina E. Sanchez et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09470
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=293&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=176&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Identification of UBIAD1 as a novel human menaquinone-4 biosynthetic
enzyme pp117-121
These authors identify the human enzyme responsible for menaquinone-4
biosynthesis, a naturally occurring form of vitamin K. They find that
UbiA prenyltransferase containing 1, a human homologue of a
prenyltransferase gene from Escherichia coli, encodes an enzyme that
can convert vitamin K derivatives into menaquinone-4.
Kimie Nakagawa et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09464
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=288&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=180&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ERRATUM
----------------------
eIF5 has GDI activity necessary for translational control by eIF2
phosphorylation p122
Martin D. Jennings and Graham D. Pavitt
doi:10.1038/nature09550
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=181&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of microbial organic nutrient acquisition
in soil and sediment p122
Robert L. Sinsabaugh, Brian H. Hill and Jennifer J. Follstad Shah
doi:10.1038/nature09548
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=210&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
RETRACTION
----------------------
The large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel is essential for
innate immunity p122
Jatinder Ahluwalia et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09562
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=204&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Feature
Academia: The changing face of tenure p123
Although still highly desirable, tenure is not as prevalent as it was
in some places — and that may not be a bad thing.
Karen Kaplan
doi:10.1038/nj7320-123a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=290&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career Briefs
PhD improvements p125
European body calls for reform of doctoral research programmes.
doi:10.1038/nj7320-125a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=298&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career Briefs
Transcending disability p125
Purdue provides lab environment for those with disabilities.
doi:10.1038/nj7320-125b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=300&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career Briefs
Progress on pensions p125
Europe focuses on portable pension scheme.
doi:10.1038/nj7320-125c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=294&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
By the Numbers
Switzerland p126
Switzerland's universities and biotech and pharma prowess make it an
attractive destination for researcher talent.
Katharine Sanderson
doi:10.1038/nj7320-126a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=296&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Q&As
Ralph Eichler p126
Ralph Eichler, ETH Zurich's head, explains Switzerland's appeal to
researchers.
Katharine Sanderson
doi:10.1038/nj7320-126b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=304&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Bush meat p128
A slick operation.
Paul Renault
doi:10.1038/468128a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=201&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
03 November 2010
The amino-terminal disease hotspot of ryanodine receptors forms a
cytoplasmic vestibule
Ching-Chieh Tung, Paolo A. Lobo, Lynn Kimlicka and Filip Van Petegem
doi:10.1038/nature09471
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=206&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=206&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Reducing excessive GABA-mediated tonic inhibition promotes functional
recovery after stroke
Andrew N. Clarkson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09511
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=149&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=149&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sequential faulting explains the asymmetry and extension discrepancy
of conjugate margins
Cesar R. Ranero and Marta Perez-Gussinye
doi:10.1038/nature09520
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Integrating carbon-halogen bond formation into medicinal plant
metabolism
Weerawat Runguphan, Xudong Qu and Sarah E. O'Connor
doi:10.1038/nature09524
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Design, function and structure of a monomeric ClC transporter
Janice L. Robertson, Ludmila Kolmakova-Partensky
and Christopher Miller
doi:10.1038/nature09556
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=171&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=171&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
31 October 2010
The structural basis for membrane binding and pore formation by
lymphocyte perforin
Ruby H. P. Law et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09518
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=167&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=167&m=35949273&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODU3NDYxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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