16 September 2010 Volume 467 Number 7313, pp 251 - 362
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EDITORIALS
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Seizing the moment p251
Russia's commendable attempt to revamp science in its universities
must not be confounded by the old guard.
doi:10.1038/467251a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=90&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
An alternative route pp251-252
A proposed road through the Serengeti can be halted only by providing
a viable substitute, not by criticism.
doi:10.1038/467251b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=99&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Publish or perish p252
China needs to elaborate on plans to modernize its flagging academic
journals.
doi:10.1038/467252a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=96&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Materials science: Skin-like sensors p254
doi:10.1038/467254a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Microbiology: Bacteria for breakfast p254
doi:10.1038/467254b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cancer biology: Ovarian cancer culprits p254
doi:10.1038/467254c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=71&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Zoology: Fish fly like jets p254
doi:10.1038/467254d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=77&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecology: Biodiversity balance p254
doi:10.1038/467254e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=123&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Psychology: Gaming the brain pp254-255
doi:10.1038/467254f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Animal behaviour: Avian optical illusions p255
doi:10.1038/467255a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=107&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Physiology: Fatty-acid effects p255
doi:10.1038/467255b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=101&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neurobiology: Neuronal housekeeping p255
doi:10.1038/467255c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=118&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Correction p255
doi:10.1038/467255e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=113&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p255
Georgy Koentges
doi:10.1038/467255d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=36&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS
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News briefing: 10–16 September 2010 pp256-257
The week in science.
doi:10.1038/467256a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=3&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Temporary reprieve for stem cells pp258-259
Scientists face a rollercoaster ride as the NIH rushes to distribute
funds.
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/467258a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=239&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Transgenic fish go large p259
Approval expected for genetically modified salmon.
Emma Marris
doi:10.1038/467259a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=237&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Statistics spark dismissal suit p260
Fired researcher's allegations of misconduct prompt university to
investigate vaccine trial.
Emma Marris
doi:10.1038/467260a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=235&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Strong medicine for China's journals p261
Weak publications will be 'terminated'.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/467261a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=233&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
'Sound science' code draws fire p263
Critics assail the US Department of the Interior's draft policy on
scientific integrity.
Eugenie Samuel Reich
doi:10.1038/467263a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=262&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Can conservation cut poverty? pp264-265
Experts differ on the effects of biodiversity projects on
improvements in living standards.
Natasha Gilbert
doi:10.1038/467264a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=259&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Tiny traits cause big headaches pp264-265
Nanotech medicines held up by lack of particle characterization.
Daniel Cressey
doi:10.1038/467264b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=257&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FEATURE
----------------------
Education: Ten weeks to save the world pp266-268
Singularity University tries to breed world leaders by immersing
students in futuristic concepts. Nicola Jones finds it a heady mix
of grand claims, brilliant minds and cool gadgets.
Nicola Jones
doi:10.1038/467266a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=248&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
COLUMN
----------------------
World view: Save British science, again pp269-269
The UK government is about to reveal a research spending plan that is
too conservative for purpose, warns Colin Macilwain.
Colin Macilwain
doi:10.1038/467269a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=252&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Embryonic stem cells: don't let litigation put research off limits
p271
Jian Feng
doi:10.1038/467271a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Embryonic stem cells: court decision a threat to science itself p271
Gordon Cash
doi:10.1038/467271b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
How nanotechnology captured the public imagination p271
Patrick McCray
doi:10.1038/467271c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Commodities for export still threaten rainforests in Brazil p271
Luiz Antonio Martinelli and Paulo Moutinho
doi:10.1038/467271d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=30&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Low repopulation of poor districts in New Orleans proves little p271
Neal Hockley
doi:10.1038/467271e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=51&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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OPINION
----------------------
Road will ruin Serengeti pp272-273
Tanzania's iconic national park must not be divided by a highway, say
Andrew Dobson, Markus Borner, Tony Sinclair and 24 others. A route
farther south would bring greater benefits to development and the
environment.
Andrew P. Dobson et al.
doi:10.1038/467272a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=49&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
Secrets of a long life pp274-275
Two books on ageing understate the challenges of prolonging a healthy
lifespan, finds Caleb Finch.
Caleb Finch reviews The Youth Pill: Scientists at the Brink of an
Anti-Aging Revolution by David Stipp and Long for this World: The
Strange Science of Immortality by Jonathan Weiner
doi:10.1038/467274a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Our conflicted relationship with animals pp275-276
Clive Wynne reviews Some We Love, Some We Hate, Some We Eat: Why It's
So Hard to Think Straight About Animals by Hal Herzog
doi:10.1038/467275a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Solutions beyond systems analysis p276
Howard P. Segal reviews Tackling Wicked Problems: Through the
Transdisciplinary Imagination Edited by Valerie A. Brown, John A. Harris and
Jacqueline Y. Russell
doi:10.1038/467276a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=43&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS & VIEWS
----------------------
Gene therapy: Targeting [beta]-thalassaemia pp277-278
Patients with disorders of the blood protein haemoglobin often depend
on lifelong blood transfusions. That could change, given the success
of gene therapy in a patient with one such disorder.
Derek A. Persons
doi:10.1038/467277a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Quantum physics: Quantum leaps in the solid state pp278-279
Jumps resulting from the measurement of discrete state changes in
single quantum systems have fascinated scientists from the early days
of quantum theory. They have now been observed in solid-state quantum
bits.
Mikhail D. Lukin and Jacob Taylor
doi:10.1038/467278a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=2&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
50 & 100 years ago p279
doi:10.1038/467279a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=7&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Stem cells: Troublesome memories pp280-281
Methods for generating embryonic-like stem cells have been
established. The focus now is on finding ways to coax these cells
into matching their natural counterparts as closely as possible,
should this be desired.
Thomas P. Zwaka
doi:10.1038/467280a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Origins of life: Shock synthesis p281
Andrew Mitchinson
doi:10.1038/467281a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=18&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Earth science: Glaciers shield mountain tops pp281-282
Glaciers frozen to bedrock may have protected the southernmost Andes
from erosion, providing an explanation for the mountains' topography
and fresh constraints on possible links between climate and tectonics.
Jean Braun
doi:10.1038/467281b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=16&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cell biology: A sensor for calcium uptake p283
Mitochondria -- the cell's power plants -- increase their energy
production in response to calcium signals in the cytoplasm. A
regulator of the elusive mitochondrial calcium channel has now been
identified.
Sean Collins and Tobias Meyer
doi:10.1038/467283a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=264&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Obituary: Nicola Cabibbo (1935-2010) p284
Pioneer in understanding the weak force of particle physics.
Luciano Maiani
doi:10.1038/467284a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=267&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
Epigenetic memory in induced pluripotent stem cells pp285-290
Pluripotent stem cells can be generated in the laboratory through
somatic cell nuclear transfer (generating nuclear transfer embryonic
stem cells, ntESCs) or transcription-factor-based reprogramming
(producing induced pluripotent stem cells, iPSCs). These methods
reset the methylation signature of the genome -- but to what extent?
Here it is found that mouse iPSCs 'remember' the methylation status
of their tissue of origin, but the methylation of ntESCs is more
similar to that of naturally produced ES cells.
K. Kim et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09342
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=150&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=23&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
MICU1 encodes a mitochondrial EF hand protein required for Ca2+
uptake pp291-296
The uptake of calcium by mitochondria has a central role in cell
physiology, and an imbalance can trigger cell death. Now the first
protein that is localized to the mitochondrion and is specifically
required for calcium uptake has been identified. This protein,
mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1), represents the founding
member of a set of proteins required for high-capacity calcium
uptake. Its discovery should aid in the full molecular
characterization of the mitochondrial calcium uptake pathways.
Fabiana Perocchi et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09358
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=268&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
Observation of spin-dependent quantum jumps via quantum dot
resonance fluorescence pp297-300
A promising approach to realizing a practical quantum bit scheme is
the optical control of single electron spins in quantum dots. The
reliable preparation and manipulation of the quantum states of such
spins have been demonstrated recently. The final challenge is to
carry out single-shot measurements of the electron spin without
interfering with it. A technique has now been developed that enables
such measurement, by coupling one quantum dot to another to produce
a quantum dot molecule.
A. N. Vamivakas et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09359
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=6&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Production and application of electron vortex beams pp301-304
It was demonstrated recently that passing electrons through a spiral
stack of graphite thin films generates an electron beam with orbital
angular momentum -- analogous to the spiralling wavefronts that can
be introduced in photon beams and which have found widespread
application. Here, a versatile holographic technique for generating
these twisted electron beams is described. Moreover, a demonstration
is provided of their potential use in probing a material's magnetic
properties.
J. Verbeeck, H. Tian and P. Schattschneider
doi:10.1038/nature09366
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=167&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=247&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
High-speed graphene transistors with a self-aligned nanowire gate
pp305-308
There is much interest in graphene for applications in
ultrahigh-speed radio-frequency electronics, but conventional device
fabrication processes lead to significant defects in graphene. Here
a new way of fabricating high-speed graphene transistors is
described. A nanowire with a metallic core and insulating shell is
placed as the gate electrode on top of graphene, and source and drain
electrodes are deposited through a self-alignment process, causing no
appreciable damage to the graphene lattice.
Lei Liao et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09405
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=166&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=254&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Decreased frequency of North Atlantic polar lows associated with
future climate warming pp309-312
Climate change is often associated with an increase in the frequency
of extreme weather events, such as heat waves or intense
precipitation. Here, however, downscaled climate model simulations
have been used to show that the frequency of North Atlantic polar
lows -- intense storms that are considerably smaller than the
weather-dominating synoptic depressions -- is projected to decrease
by the end of the twenty-first century.
Matthias Zahn and Hans von Storch
doi:10.1038/nature09388
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=165&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=219&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Glaciation as a destructive and constructive control on mountain
building pp313-317
It has been suggested that glacial erosion has an important role in
controlling mountain height. Here, spatial and temporal patterns of
erosion in the glaciated Patagonian Andes have been assessed with the
help of a low-temperature thermochronologic data set. The results
show that, between 38[deg] S and 49[deg] S, accelerated erosion at
the onset of widespread glaciation limits mountain height. But at
higher latitudes, glaciation protects the landscape from erosion and
leads to growth in mountain height and width.
Stuart N. Thomson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09365
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=164&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=265&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Transfusion independence and HMGA2 activation after gene therapy of
human [beta]-thalassaemia pp318-322
Disorders caused by abnormal [beta]-globin, such as
[beta]-thalassaemia, are the most prevalent inherited disorders
worldwide. For treatment, many patients are dependent on blood
transfusions; thus far the only cure has involved matched
transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells. Here it is shown that
lentiviral [beta]-globin gene transfer can be an effective substitute
for regular transfusions in a patient with severe [beta]-thalassaemia.
Marina Cavazzana-Calvo et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09328
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=163&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=12&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Notch and EGFR pathway interaction regulates neural stem cell number
and self-renewal pp323-327
In the adult brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) and neural progenitor
cells (NPCs) are maintained in the subventricular zone. There, the
Notch protein regulates the identity and self-renewal of NSCs, while
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) affects NPC proliferation and
migration. Now it is found that these signalling pathways interact to
maintain the balance between NSC and NPC populations.
Adan Aguirre, Maria E. Rubio and Vittorio Gallo
doi:10.1038/nature09347
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=161&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=108&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Inhibition of follicular T-helper cells by CD8+ regulatory T cells is
essential for self tolerance pp328-332
Immune cells that recognize 'self' tissues need to be eliminated or
controlled in order to prevent autoimmune diseases. Here, a T-cell
population is delineated that is necessary to maintain self tolerance
in mice. Genetic disruption of the inhibitory interaction between
these CD8+ T cells and their target Qa-1+ follicular T-helper cells
results in a lethal systemic-lupus-erythematosus-like autoimmune
disease.
Hye-Jung Kim et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09370
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=160&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=119&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Unexpected requirement for ELMO1 in clearance of apoptotic germ cells
in vivo pp333-337
Cell death by apoptosis is crucial for tissue development and
function, and occurs throughout life. Apoptotic cells must be cleared
by phagocytic cells, but the mechanisms that regulate cell clearance
in vivo remain unclear. Here, a conserved engulfment protein, ELMO1,
is shown to be required for the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic
germ cells by Sertoli cells in mouse testes. The findings make a
compelling case for the relationship between engulfment and tissue
homeostasis in vivo.
Michael R. Elliott et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09356
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=79&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Comprehensive methylome map of lineage commitment from haematopoietic
progenitors pp338-342
During haematopoiesis, multipotent progenitor cells differentiate
into progressively restricted myeloid or lymphoid progenitors.
Epigenetic modifications to DNA, such as changes in methylation, must
underlie such differentiation, as the DNA sequence itself does not
change, but a comprehensive DNA methylation map of haematopoietic
progenitors has not existed. Here, a genome-wide DNA methylation
analysis shows that modulation of methylation indeed occurs during
lineage-specific differentiation.
Hong Ji et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09367
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Phosphorylation of MLL by ATR is required for execution of mammalian
S-phase checkpoint pp343-346
Cell cycle checkpoints, such as the S-phase checkpoint, delay cell
division to give the cell time to repair any damaged DNA. Here it is
shown that the MLL gene -- frequently disrupted in leukaemia -- is
part of the S-phase checkpoint. When DNA is damaged, MLL is
phosphorylated by the ATR protein, causing MLL to accumulate on
chromatin and methylate histone H3 on lysine 4. This delays DNA
replication. MLL translocations, such as those that occur in
leukaemia, disrupt this pathway and cause genomic instability.
Han Liu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09350
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=157&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
The structure of (CENP-A-H4)2 reveals physical features that mark
centromeres pp347-351
The centromeres of chromosomes are specified epigenetically, and the
histone H3 variant CENP-A is assembled into the chromatin of all
active centromeres. Here, the crystal structure of CENP-A in a
tetrameric complex with histone H4 reveals the physical features of
centromeric chromatin. CENP-A seems to mark the centromere by
altering nucleosome structure from within its folded histone core.
Nikolina Sekulic, Emily A. Bassett, Danielle J. Rogers and
Ben E. Black
doi:10.1038/nature09323
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=75&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Formate-driven growth coupled with H2 production pp352-355
The oxidation of formate and water to bicarbonate and H2 is
relatively common in microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. But
can this reaction sustain growth in an isolated species? Here it is
shown that several individual Thermococcus species can use formate
oxidation for growth. Moreover, the biochemical basis of this ability
is delineated.
Yun Jae Kim et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09375
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=244&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=171&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
MicroRNA-mediated integration of haemodynamics and Vegf signalling
during angiogenesis p356
Stefania Nicoli et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09412
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=172&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospects
The right kind of risk p358
More young scientists should dedicate a portion of their attention to
high-risk research despite the potential downside, argues Abraham Loeb.
Abraham Loeb
doi:10.1038/nj7313-358a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=130&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Careers Q&A
Helen Amanda Fricker p359
Helen Amanda Fricker, a glaciologist at Scripps Institution of
Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, has won the
2010 Martha T. Muse Prize for Science and Policy in Antarctica.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7313-359a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=133&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career Briefs
Pharma job cuts ease off p359
US industry experiences fewer staff losses.
doi:10.1038/nj7313-359b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=131&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career Briefs
Loan-repayment help p359
Ambassador network targets physician-scientists.
doi:10.1038/nj7313-359c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=142&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career Briefs
Return to tenure urged p359
Shift away from the track is damaging, claims report.
doi:10.1038/nj7313-359d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=139&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Activation p362
Time for a trip.
Tomas L. Martin
doi:10.1038/467362a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=174&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
15 September 2010
Genome-wide analysis of a long-term evolution experiment with
Drosophila
Molly K. Burke et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09352
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=202&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=202&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Direct visualization of secondary structures of F-actin by electron
cryomicroscopy
Takashi Fujii, Atsuko H. Iwane, Toshio Yanagida and Keiichi Namba
doi:10.1038/nature09372
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=194&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=194&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clostridium difficile infection
Sarah A. Kuehne et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09397
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=191&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=191&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
In vivo imaging of labelled endogenous [beta]-actin mRNA during
nucleocytoplasmic transport
David Grunwald and Robert H. Singer
doi:10.1038/nature09438
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=196&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=196&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
12 September 2010
Role of a ribosome-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase in protein quality
control
Mario H. Bengtson and Claudio A. P. Joazeiro
doi:10.1038/nature09371
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=155&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=155&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Checkpoint-dependent inhibition of DNA replication initiation by Sld3
and Dbf4 phosphorylation
Philip Zegerman and John F. X. Diffley
doi:10.1038/nature09373
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=35793937&r=MjA1NzcwMjE4MQS2&b=2&j=ODIwMzI3NzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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