Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 29 November 2016

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29 November 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIAL BIOFILMS AND HUMAN MICROBIOMES: DRIVERS OF FUTURE SUSTAINABILITY February 12-15, 2017 | Nanyang Executive Centre, Singapore Presented by: Nanyang Technological University (NTU) | Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE) | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes REGISTER NOW!                 Biological Sciences               Erratum: The histone deacetylase inhibiting drug Entinostat induces lipid accumulation in differentiated HepaRG cells ▶     Abigail D. G. Nunn, Tullio Scopigno, Natalia Pediconi et al.                 Multi-strategy genome-wide association studies identify the DCAF16-NCAPG region as a susceptibility locus for average daily gain in cattle ▶     Wengang Zhang, Junya Li, Yong Guo et al.     Average daily gain (ADG) is the most economically important trait in beef cattle industry. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches, previous studies have identified …             Fine tuning of Rac1 and RhoA alters cuspal shapes by remolding the cellular geometry ▶     Liwen Li, Qinghuang Tang, Takashi Nakamura et al.     The anatomic and functional combinations of cusps and lophs (ridges) define the tooth shape of rodent molars, which distinguishes species. The species-specific cusp patterns …             Metabolic response induced by parasitic plant-fungus interactions hinder amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism in the host ▶     Dong-Kyu Lee, Soohyun Ahn, Hae Yoon Cho et al.     Infestation by the biotrophic pathogen Gymnosporangium asiaticum can be devastating for plant of the family Rosaceae. However, the phytopathology of this process has not been …             Internal epitope tagging informed by relative lack of sequence conservation ▶     Leonard Burg, Karen Zhang, Tristan Bonawitz et al.     Many experimental techniques rely on specific recognition and stringent binding of proteins by antibodies. This can readily be achieved by introducing an epitope tag. We employed …             Continuous single cell imaging reveals sequential steps of plasmacytoid dendritic cell development from common dendritic cell progenitors ▶     Ezgi Dursun, Max Endele, Andrea Musumeci et al.     Functionally distinct plasmacytoid and conventional dendritic cells (pDC and cDC) shape innate and adaptive immunity. They are derived from common dendritic cell progenitors …             Streptococcus pneumoniae disrupts pulmonary immune defence via elastase release following pneumolysin-dependent neutrophil lysis ▶     Hisanori Domon, Masataka Oda, Tomoki Maekawa et al.     Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia and is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous studies suggested that excessive …             Circular RNAs are down-regulated in KRAS mutant colon cancer cells and can be transferred to exosomes ▶     Yongchao Dou, Diana J. Cha, Jeffrey L. Franklin et al.     Recent studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abundant, widely expressed in mammals, and can display cell-type specific expression. However, how production of …             Dendritic cell function and pathogen-specific T cell immunity are inhibited in mice administered levonorgestrel prior to intranasal Chlamydia trachomatis infection ▶     Nirk E. Quispe Calla, Rodolfo D. Vicetti Miguel, Ao Mei et al.     The growing popularity of levonorgestrel (LNG)-releasing intra-uterine systems for long-acting reversible contraception provides strong impetus to define immunomodulatory …             Four translation initiation pathways employed by the leaderless mRNA in eukaryotes ▶     Kseniya A. Akulich, Dmitry E. Andreev, Ilya M. Terenin et al.     mRNAs lacking 5′ untranslated regions (leaderless mRNAs) are molecular relics of an ancient translation initiation pathway. Nevertheless, they still represent a significant …             EWAS: epigenome-wide association studies software 1.0 – identifying the association between combinations of methylation levels and diseases ▶     Jing Xu, Di Liu, Linna Zhao et al.     Similar to the SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) data, there is non-random association of the DNA methylation level (we call it methylation disequilibrium, MD) between …             New Genome-Wide Algorithm Identifies Novel In-Vivo Expressed Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Antigens Inducing Human T-Cell Responses with Classical and Unconventional Cytokine Profiles ▶     Mariateresa Coppola, Krista E. van Meijgaarden, Kees L. M. C. Franken et al.     New strategies are needed to develop better tools to control TB, including identification of novel antigens for vaccination. Such Mtb antigens must be expressed during Mtb …             Negative feedback regulation of ABA biosynthesis in peanut (Arachis hypogaea): a transcription factor complex inhibits AhNCED1 expression during water stress ▶     Shuai Liu, Meijuan Li, Liangchen Su et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA), a key plant stress-signaling hormone, is produced in response to drought and counteracts the effects of this stress. The accumulation of ABA is controlled by …             Novel recombinant papillomavirus genomes expressing selectable genes ▶     Koenraad Van Doorslaer, Samuel Porter, Caleb McKinney et al.     Papillomaviruses infect and replicate in keratinocytes, but viral proteins are initially expressed at low levels and there is no effective and quantitative method to determine …             Abnormal Hypermethylation of the VDAC2 Promoter is a Potential Cause of Idiopathic Asthenospermia in Men ▶     Aiming Xu, Yibo Hua, Jianzhong Zhang et al.     This study aimed to explore the association between the methylation status of the VDAC2 gene promoter region and idiopathic asthenospermia (IAS). Twenty-five IAS patients and 27 …             A genome-wide association study identifies a horizontally transferred bacterial surface adhesin gene associated with antimicrobial resistant strains ▶     Masato Suzuki, Keigo Shibayama, Koji Yahara     Carbapenems are a class of last-resort antibiotics; thus, the increase in bacterial carbapenem-resistance is a serious public health threat. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the …             Chemotypic variation in terpenes emitted from storage pools influences early aphid colonisation on tansy ▶     Mary V. Clancy, Sharon E. Zytynska, Matthias Senft et al.     Tansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) exhibit high chemical variation, particularly in mono- and sesquiterpenes that are stored in specialised glands on the plant surface. In the …             Distinct role of IL-1β in instigating disease in Sharpincpdm mice ▶     Prajwal Gurung, Bhesh Raj Sharma, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti     Mice deficient in SHARPIN (Sharpincpdm mice), a member of linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), develop severe dermatitis associated with systemic inflammation. …             Vertical Magnetic Separation of Circulating Tumor Cells for Somatic Genomic-Alteration Analysis in Lung Cancer Patients ▶     Chang Eun Yoo, Jong-Myeon Park, Hui-Sung Moon et al.     Efficient isolation and genetic analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from cancer patients’ blood is a critical step for clinical applications using CTCs. Here, we report a …             Improving Estimation of Fiber Orientations in Diffusion MRI Using Inter-Subject Information Sharing ▶     Geng Chen, Pei Zhang, Ke Li et al.     Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is widely used to investigate diffusion patterns of water molecules in the human brain. It provides information that is useful for tracing …             Small-sized, stable lipid nanoparticle for the efficient delivery of siRNA to human immune cell lines ▶     Takashi Nakamura, Moeka Kuroi, Yuki Fujiwara et al.     Gene silencing by small interfering RNA (siRNA) is useful for analyzing the functions of human immune cells. However, the transfection of siRNA to human immune cells is …             In vivo coherent Raman imaging of the melanomagenesis-associated pigment pheomelanin ▶     Hequn Wang, Sam Osseiran, Vivien Igras et al.     Melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer with a yearly global incidence over 232,000 patients. Individuals with fair skin and red hair exhibit the highest risk for …             Selected Biomarkers Revealed Potential Skin Toxicity Caused by Certain Copper Compounds ▶     Hairui Li, Pei Zhen Toh, Jia Yao Tan et al.     Copper is an essential mineral and plays important roles in skin growth and activity. Copper delivery through skin can provide beneficial effects but its potential to induce skin …             Investigation of Cell-Substrate Adhesion Properties of Living Chondrocyte by Measuring Adhesive Shear Force and Detachment Using AFM and Inverse FEA ▶     Trung Dung Nguyen, YuanTong Gu     It is well-known that cell adhesion is important in many biological processes such as cell migration and proliferation. A better understanding of the cell adhesion process will …             Sphingomyelin generated by sphingomyelin synthase 1 is involved in attachment and infection with Japanese encephalitis virus ▶     Makoto Taniguchi, Takafumi Tasaki, Hideaki Ninomiya et al.     Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus which infects target cells via the envelope protein JEV-E. However, its cellular targets are largely unknown. To …             Dissociable early attentional control mechanisms underlying cognitive and affective conflicts ▶     Taolin Chen, Keith M. Kendrick, Chunliang Feng et al.     It has been well documented that cognitive conflict is sensitive to the relative proportion of congruent and incongruent trials. However, few studies have examined whether …             Recognition of extremophilic archaeal viruses by eukaryotic cells: a promising nanoplatform from the third domain of life ▶     Kristine Buch Uldahl, Linping Wu, Arnaldur Hall et al.     Viruses from the third domain of life, Archaea, exhibit unusual features including extreme stability that allow their survival in harsh environments. In addition, these species …             A peptidoglycan recognition protein acts in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) immunity and involves in Begomovirus acquisition ▶     Zhi-Zhi Wang, Min Shi, Yi-Cun Huang et al.     Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are multifunctional pattern recognition proteins. Here, we report that a PGRP gene, BtPGRP, encodes a PGRP from the whitefly Bemisia …             The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 10 studies with 1,901 patients ▶     Minghui Zhang, Yuandi Dong, Haitao Liu et al.     The prognostic value of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial. To clarify this problem, we performed a meta-analysis of research studies …             Caterpillar-induced plant volatiles attract conspecific adults in nature ▶     Ashraf M. El-Sayed, Alan L. Knight, John A. Byers et al.     Plants release volatiles in response to caterpillar feeding that attract natural enemies of the herbivores, a tri-trophic interaction which has been considered an indirect plant …             Trans-translation is essential in the human pathogen Legionella pneumophila ▶     Romain Brunel, Xavier Charpentier     Trans-translation is a ubiquitous bacterial mechanism for ribosome rescue in the event of translation stalling. Although trans-translation is not essential in several bacterial …             Effect of sex, age and genetics on crossover interference in cattle ▶     Zhiying Wang, Botong Shen, Jicai Jiang et al.     Crossovers generated by homologous recombination ensure proper chromosome segregation during meiosis. Crossover interference results in chiasmata being more evenly distributed …             SARS-CoV fusion peptides induce membrane surface ordering and curvature ▶     Luis G. M. Basso, Eduardo F. Vicente, Edson Crusca Jr. et al.     Viral membrane fusion is an orchestrated process triggered by membrane-anchored viral fusion glycoproteins. The S2 subunit of the spike glycoprotein from severe acute respiratory …             Autophagy is required for PDAC glutamine metabolism ▶     Ju-Won Seo, Jungwon Choi, So-Yeon Lee et al.     Macroautophagy (autophagy) is believed to maintain energy homeostasis by degrading unnecessary cellular components and molecules. Its implication in regulating cancer metabolism …             Hatching asynchrony vs. foraging efficiency: the response to food availability in specialist vs. generalist tit species ▶     R. Barrientos, J. Bueno-Enciso, J. J. Sanz     Breeding mistiming is increasingly frequent in several ecosystems in the face of current climate change. Species belonging to higher trophic levels must employ mechanisms to …             Sensitization with vaccinia virus encoding H5N1 hemagglutinin restores immune potential against H5N1 influenza virus ▶     Fumihiko Yasui, Yasushi Itoh, Ai Ikejiri et al.     H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1 HPAI) virus causes elevated mortality compared with seasonal influenza viruses like H1N1 pandemic influenza (H1N1 pdm) virus. We …             Nanomolar oligomerization and selective co-aggregation of α-synuclein pathogenic mutants revealed by single-molecule fluorescence ▶     Emma Sierecki, Nichole Giles, Quill Bowden et al.     Protein aggregation is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, notably Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the presence of Lewy …             Comparative transcriptome analysis between an evolved abscisic acid-overproducing mutant Botrytis cinerea TBC-A and its ancestral strain Botrytis cinerea TBC-6 ▶     Zhongtao Ding, Zhi Zhang, Juan Zhong et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) is a classical phytohormone which plays an important role in plant stress resistance. Moreover, ABA is also found to regulate the activation of innate immune …             Down-regulation of coasy, the gene associated with NBIA-VI, reduces Bmp signaling, perturbs dorso-ventral patterning and alters neuronal development in zebrafish ▶     Deepak Khatri, Daniela Zizioli, Natascia Tiso et al.     Mutations in Pantothenate kinase 2 and Coenzyme A (CoA) synthase (COASY), genes involved in CoA biosynthesis, are associated with rare neurodegenerative disorders with brain iron …             Quorum Regulated Resistance of Vibrio cholerae against Environmental Bacteriophages ▶     M. Mozammel Hoque, Iftekhar Bin Naser, S. M. Nayeemul Bari et al.     Predation by bacteriophages can significantly influence the population structure of bacterial communities. Vibrio cholerae the causative agent of cholera epidemics interacts with …             Soluble Siglec-5 associates to PSGL-1 and displays anti-inflammatory activity ▶     Marion Pepin, Soraya Mezouar, Julie Pegon et al.     Interactions between endothelial selectins and the leukocyte counter-receptor PSGL1 mediates leukocyte recruitment to inflammation sites. PSGL1 is highly sialylated, making it a …             Combining Multiple Hypothesis Testing with Machine Learning Increases the Statistical Power of Genome-wide Association Studies ▶     Bettina Mieth, Marius Kloft, Juan Antonio Rodríguez et al.     The standard approach to the analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is based on testing each position in the genome individually for statistical significance of its …             Variations in abundance, diversity and community composition of airborne fungi in swine houses across seasons ▶     Priyanka Kumari, Cheolwoon Woo, Naomichi Yamamoto et al.     We examined the abundance, diversity and community composition of airborne fungi in swine houses during winter and summer seasons by using quantitative PCR and Illumina HiSeq …             Phenology and Growth dynamics of Avicennia marina in the Central Red Sea ▶     Hanan Almahasheer, Carlos M. Duarte, Xabier Irigoien     The formation of nodes, stem elongation and the phenology of stunted Avicennia marina was examined in the Central Red Sea, where Avicennia marina is at the limit of its …             Identification and expression analysis of an olfactory receptor gene family in green plant bug Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) ▶     Xing-Kui An, Liang Sun, Hang-Wei Liu et al.     Olfactory receptors are believed to play a central role in insects host-seeking, mating, and ovipositing. On the basis of male and female antennal transcriptome of adult Apolygus …             Transition steps in peroxide reduction and a molecular switch for peroxide robustness of prokaryotic peroxiredoxins ▶     Neelagandan Kamariah, Mun Foong Sek, Birgit Eisenhaber et al.     In addition to their antioxidant function, the eukaryotic peroxiredoxins (Prxs) facilitate peroxide-mediated signaling by undergoing controlled inactivation by peroxide-driven …             Functional and Structural Signatures of the Anterior Insula are associated with Risk-taking Tendency of Analgesic Decision-making ▶     Chia-Shu Lin, Hsiao-Han Lin, Shih-Yun Wu     In a medical context, decision-making is associated with complicated assessment of gains, losses and uncertainty of outcomes. We here provide novel evidence about the brain …             Evolution of cooperation under indirect reciprocity and arbitrary exploration rates ▶     Fernando P. Santos, Jorge M. Pacheco, Francisco C. Santos     Cooperation has been recognized as an evolutionary puzzle since Darwin, and remains identified as one of the biggest challenges of the XXIst century. Indirect Reciprocity (IR), a …             A novel bio-engineering approach to generate an eminent surface-functionalized template for selective detection of female sex pheromone of Helicoverpa armigera ▶     Parikshit Moitra, Deepa Bhagat, Rudra Pratap et al.     Plant pests exert serious effects on food production due to which the global crop yields are reduced by ~20–40 percent per year. Hence to meet the world’s food needs, loses of …             SXT/R391 integrative and conjugative elements in Proteus species reveal abundant genetic diversity and multidrug resistance ▶     Xinyue Li, Yu Du, Pengcheng Du et al.     SXT/R391 integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are self-transmissible mobile genetic elements that are found in most members of Enterobacteriaceae. Here, we determined …             Pancreatic Mesenchyme Regulates Islet Cellular Composition in a Patched/Hedgehog-Dependent Manner ▶     Daniel Hibsher, Alona Epshtein, Nufar Oren et al.     Pancreas development requires restrained Hedgehog (Hh) signaling activation. While deregulated Hh signaling in the pancreatic mesenchyme has been long suggested to be detrimental …             Optimising Antibiotic Usage to Treat Bacterial Infections ▶     Iona K. Paterson, Andy Hoyle, Gabriela Ochoa et al.     The increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria poses a threat to the continued use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics has been …             Brain microbiota disruption within inflammatory demyelinating lesions in multiple sclerosis ▶     W. G. Branton, J. Q. Lu, M. G. Surette et al.     Microbial communities reside in healthy tissues but are often disrupted during disease. Bacterial genomes and proteins are detected in brains from humans, nonhuman primates, …             Mitochondrial fat oxidation is essential for lipid-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle in mice ▶     Jaycob D. Warfel, Estrellita M. Bermudez, Tamra M. Mendoza et al.     Inflammation, lipotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, how these …             Unraveling the Planar-Globular Transition in Gold Nanoclusters through Evolutionary Search ▶     Alper Kinaci, Badri Narayanan, Fatih G. Sen et al.     Au nanoclusters are of technological relevance for catalysis, photonics, sensors, and of fundamental scientific interest owing to planar to globular structural transformation at …             GWAS study using DNA pooling strategy identifies association of variant rs4910623 in OR52B4 gene with anti-VEGF treatment response in age-related macular degeneration ▶     Moeen Riaz, Laura Lorés-Motta, Andrea J. Richardson et al.     Pooled DNA based GWAS to determine genetic association of SNPs with visual acuity (VA) outcome in anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treated neovascular …             Host-derived extracellular RNA promotes adhesion of Streptococcus pneumoniae to endothelial and epithelial cells ▶     Dariusz Zakrzewicz, Simone Bergmann, Miroslava Didiasova et al.     Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent cause of community-acquired pneumonia. The infection process involves bacterial cell surface receptors, which interact with host …             Environmental factors linked to depression vulnerability are associated with altered cerebellar resting-state synchronization ▶     Aldo Córdova-Palomera, Cristian Tornador, Carles Falcón et al.     Hosting nearly eighty percent of all human neurons, the cerebellum is functionally connected to large regions of the brain. Accumulating data suggest that some cerebellar …             Comprehensive Gene expression meta-analysis and integrated bioinformatic approaches reveal shared signatures between thrombosis and myeloproliferative disorders ▶     Prabhash Kumar Jha, Aatira Vijay, Anita Sahu et al.     Thrombosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs), particularly polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia …             AM fungi patchiness and the clonal growth of Glechoma hederacea in heterogeneous environments ▶     Nathan Vannier, Anne-Kristel Bittebiere, Philippe Vandenkoornhuyse et al.     The effect of AM fungi spatial distribution on individual plant development may determine the dynamics of the whole plant community. We investigated whether clonal plants …             Amino acid substitutions V63I or A37S/I61T/V63I/V100A in the PA N-terminal domain increase the virulence of H7N7 influenza A virus ▶     Meng Hu, Hin Chu, Ke Zhang et al.     The PA N-terminal domain (PA-Nter) is essential for viral transcription and replication. Here we identified PA-Nter substitutions A37S, I61T, V63I and V100A in recently emerged …             Exploring the molecular basis of age-related disease comorbidities using a multi-omics graphical model ▶     Jonas Zierer, Tess Pallister, Pei-Chien Tsai et al.     Although association studies have unveiled numerous correlations of biochemical markers with age and age-related diseases, we still lack an understanding of their mutual …             Coastal leatherback turtles reveal conservation hotspot ▶     Nathan J. Robinson, Stephen J. Morreale, Ronel Nel et al.     Previous studies have shown that the world’s largest reptile – the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea – conducts flexible foraging migrations that can cover thousands of …             Identification of ER-000444793, a Cyclophilin D-independent inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition, using a high-throughput screen in cryopreserved mitochondria ▶     Thomas Briston, Sian Lewis, Mumta Koglin et al.     Growing evidence suggests persistent mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening is a key pathophysiological event in cell death underlying a variety of diseases. …             Drought rapidly diminishes the large net CO2 uptake in 2011 over semi-arid Australia ▶     Xuanlong Ma, Alfredo Huete, James Cleverly et al.     Each year, terrestrial ecosystems absorb more than a quarter of the anthropogenic carbon emissions, termed as land carbon sink. An exceptionally large land carbon sink anomaly …             Characteristic tetrapod musculoskeletal limb phenotype emerged more than 400 MYA in basal lobe-finned fishes ▶     Rui Diogo, Peter Johnston, Julia L. Molnar et al.     Previous accounts of the origin of tetrapod limbs have postulated a relatively sudden change, after the split between extant lobe-finned fish and tetrapods, from a very simple …             Virus infection drives IL-2 antibody complexes into pro-inflammatory agonists in mice ▶     Wendy W. L. Lee, Teck-Hui Teo, Fok-Moon Lum et al.     The use of IL-2/JES6-1 Ab complex (IL-2 Ab Cx) has been considered as a potential therapeutic for inflammatory diseases due to its selective expansion of regulatory T cells …             A Subset of Malignant Mesothelioma Tumors Retain Osteogenic Potential ▶     S. M. Lansley, B. Pedersen, C. Robinson et al.     Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive serosal tumor associated with asbestos exposure. We previously demonstrated that mesothelial cells differentiate into cells of …             Physical Activity, Energy Expenditure, and Defense of Body Weight in Melanocortin 4 Receptor-Deficient Male Rats ▶     Tariq I. Almundarij, Mark E. Smyers, Addison Spriggs et al.     Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) variants contribute to human obesity, and rats lacking functional MC4R (Mc4rK314X/K314X) are obese. We investigated the hypothesis that low energy …             Shared somatosensory and motor functions in musicians ▶     Moe Hosoda, Shinichi Furuya     Skilled individuals are characterized by fine-tuned perceptual and motor functions. Here, we tested the idea that the sensory and motor functions of highly-trained individuals …             Contributory roles of two l-lactate dehydrogenases for l-lactic acid production in thermotolerant Bacillus coagulans ▶     Lifan Sun, Caili Zhang, Pengcheng Lyu et al.     Thermotolerant Bacillus coagulans is considered to be a more promising producer for bio-chemicals, due to its capacity to withstand harsh conditions. Two L-lactate dehydrogenase …             TDB protects vascular endothelial cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced injury by targeting miR-34a to increase Bcl-2 expression ▶     Li-Xi Liao, Ming-Bo Zhao, Xin Dong et al.     Prolonged ischemia can result in apoptotic death of vascular endothelial cells and lead to ischemic vascular diseases including vascular dementia, arteriosclerosis and brain …             Ultrasensitive, rapid and inexpensive detection of DNA using paper based lateral flow assay ▶     Miriam Jauset-Rubio, Markéta Svobodová, Teresa Mairal et al.     Sensitive, specific, rapid, inexpensive and easy-to-use nucleic acid tests for use at the point-of-need are critical for the emerging field of personalised medicine for which …             Targeting High Dynamin-2 (DNM2) Expression by Restoring Ikaros Function in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ▶     Zheng Ge, Yan Gu, Qi Han et al.     Dynamin-2 (DNM2) is a GTPase essential for intracellular vesicle formation and trafficking, cytokinesis and receptor endocytosis. Mutations in DNM2 are common in early T-cell …             Habitat generalists and specialists in microbial communities across a terrestrial-freshwater gradient ▶     C. Monard, S. Gantner, S. Bertilsson et al.     Observations of distributions of microorganisms and their differences in community composition across habitats provide evidence of biogeographical patterns. However, little is …             Epigenetic Enhancement of the Post-replicative DNA Mismatch Repair of Mammalian Genomes by a Hemi-mCpG-Np95-Dnmt1 Axis ▶     Keh-Yang Wang, Chun-Chang Chen, Shih-Feng Tsai et al.     DNA methylation at C of CpG dyads (mCpG) in vertebrate genomes is essential for gene regulation, genome stability and development. We show in this study that proper functioning …             Nicotinic and opioid receptor regulation of striatal dopamine D2-receptor mediated transmission ▶     Aphroditi A. Mamaligas, Yuan Cai, Christopher P. Ford     In addition to dopamine neuron firing, cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) regulate dopamine release in the striatum via presynaptic nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) on dopamine axon …             Structural insights into the interaction of the ribosomal P stalk protein P2 with a type II ribosome-inactivating protein ricin ▶     Xiaojiao Fan, Yuwei Zhu, Chongyuan Wang et al.     Ricin is a type II ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) that depurinates A4324 at the sarcin-ricin loop of 28 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), thus inactivating the ribosome by preventing …             In silico clustering of Salmonella global gene expression data reveals novel genes co-regulated with the SPI-1 virulence genes through HilD ▶     Irma Martínez-Flores, Deyanira Pérez-Morales, Mishael Sánchez-Pérez et al.     A wide variety of Salmonella enterica serovars cause intestinal and systemic infections to humans and animals. Salmonella Patogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) is a chromosomal region …             Electrospray deposition device used to precisely control the matrix crystal to improve the performance of MALDI MSI ▶     Shilei Li, Yangyang Zhang, Jian’an Liu et al.     MALDI MSI has been recently applied as an innovative tool for detection of molecular distribution within a specific tissue. MALDI MSI requires deposition of an organic compound, …             Characterization of Structural Connectivity of the Default Mode Network in Dogs using Diffusion Tensor Imaging ▶     Jennifer L. Robinson, Madhura Baxi, Jeffrey S. Katz et al.     Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides us an insight into the micro-architecture of white-matter tracts in the brain. This method has proved promising in understanding and …             TrackNTrace: A simple and extendable open-source framework for developing single-molecule localization and tracking algorithms ▶     Simon Christoph Stein, Jan Thiart     Super-resolution localization microscopy and single particle tracking are important tools for fluorescence microscopy. Both rely on detecting, and tracking, a large number of …             MC5r and A2Ar Deficiencies During Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis Identifies Distinct T cell Polarization Programs and a Biphasic Regulatory Response ▶     Darren J. Lee, Janine Preble, Stacey Lee et al.     Autoantigen-specific regulatory immunity emerges in the spleen of mice recovering from experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a murine model for human autoimmune uveoretinitis. …             Expanding and exploring the diversity of phytoplasmas from lucerne (Medicago sativa) ▶     David Gopurenko, Murray J. Fletcher, Jian Liu et al.     Phytoplasmas are a group of insect-vectored bacteria responsible for disease in many plant species worldwide. Among the crop species affected is the economically valuable forage …             Early evidence of stone tool use in bone working activities at Qesem Cave, Israel ▶     Andrea Zupancich, Stella Nunziante-Cesaro, Ruth Blasco et al.     For a long while, the controversy surrounding several bone tools coming from pre-Upper Palaeolithic contexts favoured the view of Homo sapiens as the only species of the genus …             Hyperinvasiveness of Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis linked to hyperexpression of type III secretion systems in vitro ▶     Kuan-Yeh Huang, Yi-Hsin Wang, Kun-Yi Chien et al.     Salmonella enterica serovars Choleraesuis and Typhimurium are among the non-typhoid Salmonella serovars that are important zoonotic pathogens. In clinical observation, S. …             Time-lapse 3-D measurements of a glucose biosensor in multicellular spheroids by light sheet fluorescence microscopy in commercial 96-well plates ▶     Vincent Maioli, George Chennell, Hugh Sparks et al.     Light sheet fluorescence microscopy has previously been demonstrated on a commercially available inverted fluorescence microscope frame using the method of oblique plane …             Two novel mutations in PRPF3 causing autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Zilin Zhong, Min Yan, Wan Sun et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a heterogeneous set of hereditary eye diseases, characterized by selective death of photoreceptor cells in the retina, resulting in progressive …             Impairment of PDGF-induced chemotaxis by extracellular α-synuclein through selective inhibition of Rac1 activation ▶     Taro Okada, Chihoko Hirai, Shaymaa Mohamed Mohamed Badawy et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by α-synuclein (α-Syn)-positive intracytoplasmic inclusions, known as Lewy bodies. Although it is known that extracellular α-Syn is …             Revisiting the fear of snakes in children: the role of aposematic signalling ▶     Jérémie Souchet, Fabien Aubret     Why humans fear snakes is an old, yet unresolved debate. Its innate origin from evolutionary causes is debated against the powerful influence early experience, culture, media and …             Histone deacetylase 1 plays a predominant pro-oncogenic role in Eμ-myc driven B cell lymphoma ▶     Vincent Pillonel, Nina Reichert, Chun Cao et al.     The two histone deacetylases (Hdacs), Hdac1 and Hdac2, are erasers of acetylation marks on histone tails, and are important regulators of gene expression that were shown to play …             Plasticity in the olfactory bulb of the maternal mouse is prevented by gestational stress ▶     Laure Belnoue, Sarah Malvaut, Elodie Ladevèze et al.     Maternal stress is associated with an altered mother-infant relationship that endangers offspring development, leading to emotional/behavioral problems. However, little research …             Nitric oxide triggers a transient metabolic reprogramming in Arabidopsis ▶     José León, Álvaro Costa, Mari-Cruz Castillo     Nitric oxide (NO) regulates plant growth and development as well as responses to stress that enhanced its endogenous production. Arabidopsis plants exposed to a pulse of …             Anatomical recovery of the spinal glutamatergic system following a complete spinal cord injury in lampreys ▶     Blanca Fernández-López, Antón Barreiro-Iglesias, María Celina Rodicio     Lampreys recover locomotion following a spinal cord injury (SCI). Glutamate is necessary to initiate and control locomotion and recent data suggest a crucial role for intraspinal …             Speciation and genetic diversity in Centaurea subsect. Phalolepis in Anatolia ▶     Jordi López-Pujol, Sara López-Vinyallonga, Alfonso Susanna et al.     Mountains of Anatolia are one of the main Mediterranean biodiversity hotspots and their richness in endemic species amounts for 30% of the flora. Two main factors may account for …             Hydrocarbon degraders establish at the costs of microbial richness, abundance and keystone taxa after crude oil contamination in permafrost environments ▶     Sizhong Yang, Xi Wen, Yulan Shi et al.     Oil spills from pipeline ruptures are a major source of terrestrial petroleum pollution in cold regions. However, our knowledge of the bacterial response to crude oil …             A holistic approach to dissecting SPARC family protein complexity reveals FSTL-1 as an inhibitor of pancreatic cancer cell growth ▶     Katrina Viloria, Amanda Munasinghe, Sharan Asher et al.     SPARC is a matricellular protein that is involved in both pancreatic cancer and diabetes. It belongs to a wider family of proteins that share structural and functional …             Sigma-1 Receptor Agonism Promotes Mechanical Allodynia After Priming the Nociceptive System with Capsaicin ▶     J. M. Entrena, C. Sánchez-Fernández, F. R. Nieto et al.     Sigma-1 receptor antagonists promote antinociception in several models of pain, but the effects of sigma-1 agonists on nociception (particularly when the nociceptive system is …             Redox cofactors insertion in prokaryotic molybdoenzymes occurs via a conserved folding mechanism ▶     Rodrigo Arias-Cartin, Pierre Ceccaldi, Barbara Schoepp-Cothenet et al.     A major gap of knowledge in metalloproteins is the identity of the prefolded state of the protein before cofactor insertion. This holds for molybdoenzymes serving multiple …             CXCR4/CXCL12 axis counteracts hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion through selective protection against oxidative stress ▶     Yanyan Zhang, Mallorie Dépond, Liang He et al.     Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo self-renewal to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis for lifetime, which is regulated by the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. The …             LukMF′ is the major secreted leukocidin of bovine Staphylococcus aureus and is produced in vivo during bovine mastitis ▶     Manouk Vrieling, Eveline M. Boerhout, Glenn F. van Wigcheren et al.     Staphylococcus aureus is a major human and animal pathogen and a common cause of mastitis in cattle. S. aureus secretes several leukocidins that target bovine neutrophils, …             Functional Improvement and Regression of Medial Hypertrophy in the Remodeled Pulmonary Artery after Correction of Systemic Left-to-Right Shunt ▶     Chih-Hsin Hsu, Jun-Neng Roan, Jyh-Hong Chen et al.     The presence of systemic left-to-right shunt and increased pulmonary blood flow can result in right heart failure and pulmonary arteriopathy. Correction of left-to-right shunt …             Estradiol-Estrogen Receptor α Mediates the Expression of the CXXC5 Gene through the Estrogen Response Element-Dependent Signaling Pathway ▶     Pelin Yaşar, Gamze Ayaz, Mesut Muyan     17β-estradiol (E2), the primary circulating estrogen hormone, mediates physiological and pathophysiological functions of breast tissue mainly through estrogen receptor α (ERα). Up…             An evolutionary conserved interaction between the Gcm transcription factor and the SF1 nuclear receptor in the female reproductive system ▶     Pierre B. Cattenoz, Claude Delaporte, Wael Bazzi et al.     NR5A1 is essential for the development and for the function of steroid producing glands of the reproductive system. Moreover, its misregulation is associated with endometriosis, …             Structural and Functional Connectivity of Default Mode Network underlying the Cognitive Impairment in Late-onset Depression ▶     Yingying Yin, Xiaofu He, Mingze Xu et al.     To identify the association between the functional and structural changes of default mode network (DMN) underlying the cognitive impairment in Late-onset depression (LOD), 32 LOD …             A Retrospective Analysis on Two-week Short-course Pre-operative Radiotherapy in Elderly Patients with Resectable Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer ▶     Chen Shi, Hao Zhou, Xiaofan Li et al.     To validate that a two-week short-course pre-operative radiotherapy regimen is feasible, safe, and effective for the management of elderly patients with locally advanced rectal …             The antidepressant-like activity of AC-5216, a ligand for 18KDa translocator protein (TSPO), in an animal model of diabetes mellitus ▶     Zhi-Kun Qiu, Jia-Li He, Xu Liu et al.     Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is associated with depression. Also, depression is common in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Translocator protein (18kDa) …             In vivo characterization of hair and skin derived carbon quantum dots with high quantum yield as long-term bioprobes in zebrafish ▶     Jing-Hui Zhang, Aping Niu, Jing Li et al.     Carbon quantum dots (CDs) were widely investigated because of their tunable fluorescence properties and low toxicity. However, so far there have been no reports on in vivo …             Evolution of gossip-based indirect reciprocity on a bipartite network ▶     Francesca Giardini, Daniele Vilone     Cooperation can be supported by indirect reciprocity via reputation. Thanks to gossip, reputations are built and circulated and humans can identify defectors and ostracise them. …             No evidence of NRAS mutation in squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) ▶     Laura Capelli, Andrea Casadei Gardini, Emanuela Scarpi et al.     Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is usually expressed in squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) and anti-EGFR agents could represent a valid treatment strategy, also …             Neil3 induced neurogenesis protects against prion disease during the clinical phase ▶     Clara M. O. Jalland, Katja Scheffler, Sylvie L. Benestad et al.     Base excision repair (BER) is the major pathway for repair of oxidative DNA damage. Mice with genetic knockout of the BER enzyme Neil3 display compromised neurogenesis in the …             Multicolor Colormetric Biosensor for the Determination of Glucose based on the Etching of Gold Nanorods ▶     Yue Lin, Mengmeng Zhao, Yajuan Guo et al.     In this work, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(II) (TMB2+), derived from H2O2-horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (H2O2-HRP-TMB) reaction system, was used …             Promotive effects of bone morphogenetic protein 2 on angiogenesis in hepatocarcinoma via multiple signal pathways ▶     Wei-han Zuo, Peng Zeng, Xi Chen et al.     The effects of Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) on the angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma have not yet been observed and its molecular mechanisms is not clear. We first …             mTOR regulates neuroprotective effect of immunized CD4+Foxp3+ T cells in optic nerve ischemia ▶     Guochun Chen, Luosheng Tang, Wei Wei et al.     The therapeutic potential of targeting CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) remains controversial under the condition of neuroinflammation. This study aims to explore the …             Seed sojourn and fast viability loss constrain seedling production of a prominent riparian protection plant Salix variegata Franch ▶     Qiaoli Ayi, Bo Zeng, Jianhui Liu et al.     Salix variegata Franch, a prominent plant applied in riparian shelter vegetation in Three Gorges reservoir region of China, produces many seeds every year but generates only a …             17-oxo-DHA displays additive anti-inflammatory effects with fluticasone propionate and inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome ▶     Chiara Cipollina, Serena Di Vincenzo, Liboria Siena et al.     Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by reduced lung function associated with increased local and systemic inflammatory markers, such as TNFα and IL-1β. …             Gene regulatory networks in neural cell fate acquisition from genome-wide chromatin association of Geminin and Zic1 ▶     Savita Sankar, Dhananjay Yellajoshyula, Bo Zhang et al.     Neural cell fate acquisition is mediated by transcription factors expressed in nascent neuroectoderm, including Geminin and members of the Zic transcription factor family. …             Bumble bee parasite strains vary in resistance to phytochemicals ▶     Evan C. Palmer-Young, Ben M. Sadd, Philip C. Stevenson et al.     Nectar and pollen contain diverse phytochemicals that can reduce disease in pollinators. However, prior studies showed variable effects of nectar chemicals on infection, which …             Acidic mammalian chitinase is a proteases-resistant glycosidase in mouse digestive system ▶     Misa Ohno, Masahiro Kimura, Haruko Miyazaki et al.     Chitinases are enzymes that hydrolyze chitin, a polymer of β-1, 4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc). Chitin has long been considered as a source of dietary fiber that is not …             Measuring intratumor heterogeneity by network entropy using RNA-seq data ▶     Youngjune Park, Sangsoo Lim, Jin-Wu Nam et al.     Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) is observed at different stages of tumor progression, metastasis and reouccurence, which can be important for clinical applications. We used …             The mevalonate pathway regulates primitive streak formation via protein farnesylation ▶     Yoshimi Okamoto-Uchida, Ruoxing Yu, Norio Miyamura et al.     The primitive streak in peri-implantation embryos forms the mesoderm and endoderm and controls cell differentiation. The metabolic cues regulating primitive streak formation …             Mint3/Apba3 depletion ameliorates severe murine influenza pneumonia and macrophage cytokine production in response to the influenza virus ▶     Takayuki Uematsu, Tomoko Fujita, Hiroki J. Nakaoka et al.     Influenza virus (IFV) infection is a common cause of severe pneumonia. Studies have suggested that excessive activation of the host immune system including macrophages is …             Corrigendum: Exposure to Sound Vibrations Lead to Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Hormonal Changes in Arabidopsis ▶     Ritesh Ghosh, Ratnesh Chandra Mishra, Bosung Choi et al.                 A CRISPR-Cas9 Assisted Non-Homologous End-Joining Strategy for One-step Engineering of Bacterial Genome ▶     Tianyuan Su, Fapeng Liu, Pengfei Gu et al.     Homologous recombination-mediated genome engineering has been broadly applied in prokaryotes with high efficiency and accuracy. However, this method is limited in realizing …             Antibody-antigen kinetics constrain intracellular humoral immunity ▶     Maria Bottermann, Heidrun Elisabeth Lode, Ruth E. Watkinson et al.     During infection with non-enveloped viruses, antibodies stimulate immunity from inside cells by activating the cytosolic Fc receptor TRIM21. This intracellular humoral response …             Highly expressed ribosomal protein L34 indicates poor prognosis in osteosarcoma and its knockdown suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation probably through translational control ▶     Shuju Luo, Jinmin Zhao, Mitra Fowdur et al.     Osteosarcoma has devastating health implications on children and adolescents. However, due to its low incidence and high tumor heterogeneity, it is hard to achieve any further …             The efficacy of high-throughput sequencing and target enrichment on charred archaeobotanical remains ▶     H. M. Nistelberger, O. Smith, N. Wales et al.     The majority of archaeological plant material is preserved in a charred state. Obtaining reliable ancient DNA data from these remains has presented challenges due to high rates …             Measles virus induces persistent infection by autoregulation of viral replication ▶     Tomomitsu Doi, Hyun-Jeong Kwon, Tomoyuki Honda et al.     Natural infection with measles virus (MV) establishes lifelong immunity. Persistent infection with MV is likely involved in this phenomenon, as non-replicating protein antigens …             Lipid Coated Microbubbles and Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Enhance Chondrogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in 3D Printed Scaffolds ▶     Mitra Aliabouzar, Lijie Grace Zhang, Kausik Sarkar     Lipid-coated microbubbles are used to enhance ultrasound imaging and drug delivery. Here we apply these microbubbles along with low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for the …             Holding-on: co-evolution between infant carrying and grasping behaviour in strepsirrhines ▶     Louise Peckre, Anne-Claire Fabre, Christine E. Wall et al.     The origin and evolution of manual grasping remain poorly understood. The ability to cling requires important grasping abilities and is essential to survive in species where the …             Adipose Stem Cells Display Higher Regenerative Capacities and More Adaptable Electro-Kinetic Properties Compared to Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ▶     Ahmed El-Badawy, Marwa Amer, Reda Abdelbaset et al.     Adipose stem cells (ASCs) have recently emerged as a more viable source for clinical applications, compared to bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) because of their …             Role of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 in the midline axis formation of zebrafish ▶     Frisca Frisca, Daniel Colquhoun, Yona Goldshmit et al.     Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a unique bioactive lysophospholipid that induces pleiotropic effects in various cell types and organisms by acting on its specific receptors. LPA …             Environmental Intervention as a Therapy for Adverse Programming by Ancestral Stress ▶     J. Keiko McCreary, Zachary T. Erickson, YongXin Hao et al.     Ancestral stress can program stress sensitivity and health trajectories across multiple generations. While ancestral stress is uncontrollable to the filial generations, it is …             The preparation and characterization of a novel sphingan WL from marine Sphingomonas sp. WG ▶     Hui Li, Xue Jiao, Yajie Sun et al.     Sphingans, a group of structurally closely related bacterial exopolysaccharides produced by members of the genus Sphingomonas, can be applied in a variety of industries such as …             Inter-annual maintenance of the fine-scale genetic structure in a biennial plant ▶     Javier Valverde, José María Gómez, Cristina García et al.     Within plant populations, space-restricted gene movement, together with environmental heterogeneity, can result in a spatial variation in gene frequencies. In biennial plants, …             Telomeres are elongated in older individuals in a hibernating rodent, the edible dormouse (Glis glis) ▶     Franz Hoelzl, Steve Smith, Jessica S. Cornils et al.     Telomere shortening is thought to be an important biomarker for life history traits such as lifespan and aging, and can be indicative of genome integrity, survival probability …             MathIOmica: An Integrative Platform for Dynamic Omics ▶     George I. Mias, Tahir Yusufaly, Raeuf Roushangar et al.     Multiple omics data are rapidly becoming available, necessitating the use of new methods to integrate different technologies and interpret the results arising from multimodal …             pH-responsive Virus-like Nanoparticles with Enhanced Tumour-targeting Ligands for Cancer Drug Delivery ▶     Roya Biabanikhankahdani, Noorjahan Banu Mohamed Alitheen, Kok Lian Ho et al.     Multifunctional nanocarriers harbouring specific targeting moieties and with pH-responsive properties offer great potential for targeted cancer therapy. Several synthetic drug …             Alpha band disruption in the AD-continuum starts in the Subjective Cognitive Decline stage: a MEG study ▶     D. López-Sanz, R. Bruña, P. Garcés et al.     The consideration of Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) as a preclinical stage of AD remains still a matter of debate. Alpha band alterations represent one of the most …             Sexual display complexity varies non-linearly with age and predicts breeding status in greater flamingos ▶     Charlotte Perrot, Arnaud Béchet, Céline Hanzen et al.     The long-lived greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is famous for performing conspicuous group displays during which adults try to acquire a new mate each year with varying …             CHFR negatively regulates SIRT1 activity upon oxidative stress ▶     Myungjin Kim, Young Eun Kwon, Jae Oh Song et al.     SIRT1, the NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, controls cell-cycle progression and apoptosis by suppressing p53 tumour suppressor. Although SIRT1 is known to be phosphorylated by …             Effects of MeJA on Arabidopsis metabolome under endogenous JA deficiency ▶     Jingjing Cao, Mengya Li, Jian Chen et al.     Jasmonates (JAs) play important roles in plant growth, development and defense. Comprehensive metabolomics profiling of plants under JA treatment provides insights into the …             Habitat-driven variation in mycorrhizal communities in the terrestrial orchid genus Dactylorhiza ▶     Hans Jacquemyn, Michael Waud, Vincent S. F. T. Merckx et al.     Orchid species are critically dependent on mycorrhizal fungi for completion of their life cycle, particularly during the early stages of their development when nutritional …             Non-RVD mutations that enhance the dynamics of the TAL repeat array along the superhelical axis improve TALEN genome editing efficacy ▶     Naoya Tochio, Kohei Umehara, Jun-ichi Uewaki et al.     Transcription activator-like effector (TALE) nuclease (TALEN) is widely used as a tool in genome editing. The DNA binding part of TALEN consists of a tandem array of TAL-repeats …             Systemic and mucosal immune responses following oral adenoviral delivery of influenza vaccine to the human intestine by radio controlled capsule ▶     Leesun Kim, C. Josefina Martinez, Katie A. Hodgson et al.     There are several benefits of oral immunization including the ability to elicit mucosal immune responses that may protect against pathogens that invade through a mucosal surface. …             “Cerebellar contribution to visuo-attentional alpha rhythm: insights from weightlessness” ▶     A. M. Cebolla, M. Petieau, B. Dan et al.     Human brain adaptation in weightlessness follows the necessity to reshape the dynamic integration of the neural information acquired in the new environment. This basic aspect was …             Two novel viruses associated with the Apis mellifera pathogenic mite Varroa destructor ▶     Sofia Levin, Noa Sela, Nor Chejanovsky     Varroa destructor infestation of Apis mellifera colonies carries and/or promotes replication of honey bee viruses like the Deformed wing virus, the Varroa destructor virus-1, the …             “Hearing faces and seeing voices”: Amodal coding of person identity in the human brain ▶     Bashar Awwad Shiekh Hasan, Mitchell Valdes-Sosa, Joachim Gross et al.     Recognizing familiar individuals is achieved by the brain by combining cues from several sensory modalities, including the face of a person and her voice. Here we used functional …             mQC: A Heuristic Quality-Control Metric for High-Throughput Drug Combination Screening ▶     Lu Chen, Kelli Wilson, Ian Goldlust et al.     Quality control (QC) metrics are critical in high throughput screening (HTS) platforms to ensure reliability and confidence in assay data and downstream analyses. Most reported …             Phenotypic and functional characterization of the major lymphocyte populations in the fruit-eating bat Pteropus alecto ▶     Julia María Martínez Gómez, Pravin Periasamy, Charles-Antoine Dutertre et al.     The unique ability of bats to act as reservoir for viruses that are highly pathogenic to humans suggests unique properties and functional characteristics of their immune system. …             Structural and functional probing of PorZ, an essential bacterial surface component of the type-IX secretion system of human oral-microbiomic Porphyromonas gingivalis. ▶     Anna M. Lasica, Theodoros Goulas, Danuta Mizgalska et al.     Porphyromonas gingivalis is a member of the human oral microbiome abundant in dysbiosis and implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal (gum) disease. It employs a newly …             The Warburg Effect Mediator Pyruvate Kinase M2 Expression and Regulation in the Retina ▶     Raju V. S. Rajala, Ammaji Rajala, Christopher Kooker et al.     The tumor form of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation and gives rise to the Warburg effect. The Warburg effect defines a pro-oncogenic metabolism switch …             Genome-wide transcriptome analysis revealed organelle specific responses to temperature variations in algae ▶     HyeonSeok Shin, Seong-Joo Hong, Chan Yoo et al.     Temperature is a critical environmental factor that affects microalgal growth. However, microalgal coping mechanisms for temperature variations are unclear. Here, we determined …             A parasite-derived 68-mer peptide ameliorates autoimmune disease in murine models of Type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis ▶     Maria E. Lund, Judith Greer, Aakanksha Dixit et al.     Helminth parasites secrete molecules that potently modulate the immune responses of their hosts and, therefore, have potential for the treatment of immune-mediated human …             Proteomic profile of the Bradysia odoriphaga in response to the microbial secondary metabolite benzothiazole ▶     Yunhe Zhao, Kaidi Cui, Chunmei Xu et al.     Benzothiazole, a microbial secondary metabolite, has been demonstrated to possess fumigant activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Ditylenchus destructor and Bradysia …             Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of food-borne nitriles in a liver in vitro model ▶     Franziska Kupke, Corinna Herz, Franziska S. Hanschen et al.     Isothiocyanates are the most intensively studied breakdown products of glucosinolates from Brassica plants and well recognized for their pleiotropic effects against cancer but …             GapmeR cellular internalization by macropinocytosis induces sequence-specific gene silencing in human primary T-cells ▶     Mobashar Hussain Urf Turabe Fazil, Seow Theng Ong, Madhavi Latha Somaraju Chalasani et al.     Post-transcriptional gene silencing holds great promise in discovery research for addressing intricate biological questions and as therapeutics. While various gene silencing …             Mycobacterium tuberculosis-triggered Hippo pathway orchestrates CXCL1/2 expression to modulate host immune responses ▶     Monoranjan Boro, Vikas Singh, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji     Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pathogenesis encompasses a plethora of finely regulated alterations within the host which eventually coin the outcome of infection. Chemokines …             Immune signatures of protective spleen memory CD8 T cells ▶     Lilia Brinza, Sophia Djebali, Martine Tomkowiak et al.     Memory CD8 T lymphocyte populations are remarkably heterogeneous and differ in their ability to protect the host. In order to identify the whole range of qualities uniquely …             High expression of GNA13 is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Yi Xu, Jian Rong, Shiyu Duan et al.     Guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha 13 (GNA13) has been found to play critical roles in the development of several human cancers. However, little is known about GNA13 …             TGF beta receptor II interacting protein-1, an intracellular protein has an extracellular role as a modulator of matrix mineralization ▶     Amsaveni Ramachandran, Sriram Ravindran, Chun-Chieh Huang et al.     Transforming growth factor beta receptor II interacting protein 1 (TRIP-1), a predominantly intracellular protein is localized in the ECM of bone. TRIP-1 lacks a signal peptide, …             Exercise training attenuates renovascular hypertension partly via RAS- ROS- glutamate pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ▶     Yan Zhang, Xiao-Jing Yu, Wen-Sheng Chen et al.     Exercise training (ExT) has been reported to benefit hypertension; however, the exact mechanisms involved are unclear. We hypothesized that ExT attenuates hypertension, in part, …             Hydrogen Sulfide and/or Ammonia Reduces Spermatozoa Motility through AMPK/AKT Related Pathways ▶     Yong Zhao, Wei-Dong Zhang, Xin-Qi Liu et al.     A number of emerging studies suggest that air pollutants such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) may cause a decline in spermatozoa motility. The impact and underlying …             Disturbed phospholipid homeostasis in endoplasmic reticulum initiates tri-o-cresyl phosphate-induced delayed neurotoxicity ▶     Li Zhu, Pan Wang, Ying-Jian Sun et al.     Tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) is a widely used organophosphorus compound, which can cause a neurodegenerative disorder, i.e., organophosphate-induced delayed neurotoxicity …             Nucleoside-Diphosphate-Kinase of P. gingivalis is Secreted from Epithelial Cells In the Absence of a Leader Sequence Through a Pannexin-1 Interactome ▶     Kalina Atanasova, Jungnam Lee, JoAnn Roberts et al.     Nucleoside-diphosphate-kinases (NDKs) are leaderless, multifunctional enzymes. The mode(s) of NDK secretion is currently undefined, while extracellular translocation of bacterial …             Quality of Life and Cost-Effectiveness of Radiofrequency Ablation versus Open Surgery for Benign Thyroid Nodules: a retrospective cohort study ▶     Wen-Wen Yue, Xiao-Long Li, Hui-Xiong Xu et al.     This study is to compare the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and cost-effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and open thyroidectomy (OT) for benign thyroid nodules …             Construction of a Miniaturized Chromatic Acclimation Sensor from Cyanobacteria with Reversed Response to a Light Signal ▶     Mitsuharu Nakajima, Stefano Ferri, Matthias Rögner et al.     Cyanobacteria harbor unique photoreceptors, designated as cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs). In this study, we attempted to engineer the chromatic acclimation sensor CcaS, a CBCR …             Sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase ablation disrupts presynaptic architecture and function via an ubiquitin- proteasome mediated mechanism ▶     Daniel N. Mitroi, André U. Deutschmann, Maren Raucamp et al.     The bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a degradation product of sphingolipids that are particularly abundant in neurons. We have shown previously that neuronal S1P …             Spatial mapping of lichen specialized metabolites using LDI-MSI: chemical ecology issues for Ophioparma ventosa ▶     Pierre Le Pogam, Béatrice Legouin, Audrey Geairon et al.     Imaging mass spectrometry techniques have become a powerful strategy to assess the spatial distribution of metabolites in biological systems. Based on auto-ionisability of lichen …             V(D)J recombination process and the Pre-B to immature B-cells transition are altered in Fanca−/− mice ▶     Thuy Vy Nguyen, Patrycja Pawlikowska, Virginie Firlej et al.     B-lymphocytes in the bone marrow (BM) must generate a functional B-cell receptor and overcome the negative selection induced by reactivity with autoantigens. Two rounds of DNA …             The microRNA toolkit of insects ▶     Guillem Ylla, Bastian Fromm, Maria-Dolors Piulachs et al.     Is there a correlation between miRNA diversity and levels of organismic complexity? Exhibiting extraordinary levels of morphological and developmental complexity, insects are the …             Direct electrical control of IgG conformation and functional activity at surfaces ▶     Paola Ghisellini, Marialuisa Caiazzo, Andrea Alessandrini et al.     We have devised a supramolecular edifice involving His-tagged protein A and antibodies to yield surface immobilized, uniformly oriented, IgG-type, antibody layers with Fab …             Spatial Quantitation of Drugs in tissues using Liquid Extraction Surface Analysis Mass Spectrometry Imaging ▶     John G. Swales, Nicole Strittmatter, James W. Tucker et al.     Liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry imaging (LESA-MSI) has been shown to be an effective tissue profiling and imaging technique, producing robust and reliable …             Endothelial cell colony forming units derived from malignant breast diseases are resistant to tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis ▶     Chen-Pin Chou, Shih Sheng Jiang, Huay-Ben Pan et al.     Mobilisation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from the bone marrow is a crucial step in the formation of de novo blood vessels, and levels of peripheral blood EPCs have …             An In Silico study of TiO2 nanoparticles interaction with twenty standard amino acids in aqueous solution ▶     Shengtang Liu, Xuan-Yu Meng, Jose Manuel Perez-Aguilar et al.     Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is probably one of the most widely used nanomaterials, and its extensive exposure may result in potentially adverse biological effects. Yet, the …             Naturally Occurring Fc-Dependent Antibody From HIV-Seronegative Individuals Promotes HIV-Induced IFN-α Production ▶     Thomas Lum, Jon A. Green     A majority of adults without HIV infection and with a low risk of HIV-exposure have plasma IgG antibodies that enhance the rate and magnitude of HIV-induced interferon alpha …             In-situ restoration of one-stage partial nitritation-anammox process deteriorated by nitrate build-up via elevated substrate levels ▶     Xiaolong Wang, Dawen Gao     The one-stage partial nitritation and anammox process (PN/A) has been a promising microbial process to remove ammonia from wastewater especially with low carbon/nitrogen ratio. …             Hepatic SATB1 induces paracrine activation of hepatic stellate cells and is upregulated by HBx ▶     Jin Gong, Wei Tu, Jian Han et al.     Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver diseases, but its involvement in hepatic fibrogenesis remains unclear. Special AT-rich binding protein …             Differential neural encoding of sensorimotor and visual body representations ▶     David Perruchoud, Lars Michels, Marco Piccirelli et al.     Sensorimotor processing specifically impacts mental body representations. In particular, deteriorated somatosensory input (as after complete spinal cord injury) increases the …             Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptors 1 and 3 attenuates atherosclerosis development in LDL-receptor deficient mice ▶     Eva Kritikou, Gijs H. M. van Puijvelde, Thomas van der Heijden et al.     Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a natural lysophospholipid present at high concentrations within lipid-rich atherosclerotic plaques. Upon local accumulation in the damaged …             Anti-high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) antibody attenuates delayed cerebral vasospasm and brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats ▶     Jun Haruma, Kiyoshi Teshigawara, Tomohito Hishikawa et al.     Although delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCV) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is closely related to the progression of brain damage, little is known about the molecular …             Cycles of circadian illuminance are sufficient to entrain and maintain circadian locomotor rhythms in Drosophila ▶     Eunjoo Cho, Ji Hye Oh, Euna Lee et al.     Light at night disrupts the circadian clock and causes serious health problems in the modern world. Here, we show that newly developed four-package light-emitting diodes (LEDs) …             MR Vascular Fingerprinting in Stroke and Brain Tumors Models ▶     B. Lemasson, N. Pannetier, N. Coquery et al.     In this study, we evaluated an MRI fingerprinting approach (MRvF) designed to provide high-resolution parametric maps of the microvascular architecture (i.e., blood volume …             Lower Vitamin D Metabolites Levels Were Associated With Increased Coronary Artery Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in India ▶     Ramu Adela, Roshan M Borkar, Murali Mohan Bhandi et al.     The purpose of the present study was to measure six vitamin D metabolites and to find the association between vitamin D deficiency and coronary artery diseases in diabetes …             Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials ▶     Benjamin P. Kear, Ken P. Aplin, Michael Westerman     Bandicoots (Peramelemorphia) are a unique order of Australasian marsupials whose sparse fossil record has been used as prima facie evidence for climate change coincident faunal …             Netrin-1-Induced Stem Cell Bioactivity Contributes to the Regeneration of Injured Tissues via the Lipid Raft-Dependent Integrin α6β4 Signaling Pathway ▶     Soo Sang Lee, Sei-Jung Lee, Sang Hun Lee et al.     Netrin-1 (Ntn-1) is a multifunctional neuronal signaling molecule; however, its physiological significance, which improves the tissue-regeneration capacity of stem cells, has not …             Movement of feeder-using songbirds: the influence of urban features ▶     Daniel T. C. Cox, Richard Inger, Steven Hancock et al.     Private gardens provide vital opportunities for people to interact with nature. The most popular form of interaction is through garden bird feeding. Understanding how landscape …             Increased gene dosage for β- and κ-casein in transgenic cattle improves milk composition through complex effects ▶     Götz Laible, Grant Smolenski, Thomas Wheeler et al.     We have previously generated transgenic cattle with additional copies of bovine β- and κ casein genes. An initial characterisation of milk produced with a hormonally induced …             Experienced migratory songbirds do not display goal-ward orientation after release following a cross-continental displacement: an automated telemetry study ▶     Dmitry Kishkinev, Dominik Heyers, Bradley K. Woodworth et al.     The ability to navigate implies that animals have the capability to compensate for geographical displacement and return to their initial goal or target. Although some species are …             The stable microbiome of inter and sub-tidal anemone species under increasing pCO2 ▶     Erinn M. Muller, Maoz Fine, Kim B. Ritchie     Increasing levels of pCO2 within the oceans will select for resistant organisms such as anemones, which may thrive under ocean acidification conditions. However, increasing pCO2 …             Characterization of the Annonaceous acetogenin, annonacinone, a natural product inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ▶     Stéphane Pautus, Mouad Alami, Fréderic Adam et al.     Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the main inhibitor of the tissue type and urokinase type plasminogen activators. High levels of PAI-1 are correlated with an …             The genome, transcriptome, and proteome of the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae: evolutionary signatures of a pathogenic lifestyle ▶     Alejandra Rougon-Cardoso, Mitzi Flores-Ponce, Hilda Eréndira Ramos-Aboites et al.     The entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae has been widely used for the biological control of insect pests. It shares a symbiotic relationship with the bacterium …             Identification of Small Molecule Compounds for Pharmacological Chaperone Therapy of Aspartylglucosaminuria ▶     Antje Banning, Christina Gülec, Juha Rouvinen et al.     Aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU) is a lysosomal storage disorder that is caused by genetic deficiency of the enzyme aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA) which is involved in glycoprotein …             Transcriptome profiling shows gene regulation patterns in ginsenoside pathway in response to methyl jasmonate in Panax Quinquefolium adventitious root ▶     Juan Wang, Jinxin Li, Jianli Li et al.     Here, we combine elicitors and transcriptomics to investigate the inducible biosynthesis of the ginsenoside from the Panax quinquefolium. Treatment of P. quinquefolium …             Intestinal tuft cells regulate the ATM mediated DNA Damage response via Dclk1 dependent mechanism for crypt restitution following radiation injury ▶     Parthasarathy Chandrakesan, Randal May, Nathaniel Weygant et al.     Crypt epithelial survival and regeneration after injury require highly coordinated complex interplay between resident stem cells and diverse cell types. The function of Dclk1 …             Vertical flow array chips reliably identify cell types from single-cell mRNA sequencing experiments ▶     Masataka Shirai, Koji Arikawa, Kiyomi Taniguchi et al.     Single-cell mRNA sequencing offers an unbiased approach to dissecting cell types as functional units in multicellular tissues. However, highly reliable cell typing based on …             A Meta-analysis of MBL2 Polymorphisms and Tuberculosis Risk ▶     Mohammed Y. Areeshi, Raju K. Mandal, Naseem Akhter et al.     MBL2 gene encodes mannose-binding lectin, is a member of innate immune system. Earlier studies revealed that MBL2 gene variants, rs1800451, rs1800450, rs5030737, rs7096206, …             Novel structure in sciaenid fish skulls indicates continuous production of the cephalic neuromast cupula ▶     Maíra Pombo, Alexander Turra     The presence of a conspicuous and frequent but never-described structure in the skull cavities of sciaenid fish was noted during population studies in an urbanized bay. The …             Harnessing hyperthermostable lactonase from Sulfolobus solfataricus for biotechnological applications ▶     Benjamin Rémy, Laure Plener, Laetitia Poirier et al.     Extremozymes have gained considerable interest as they could meet industrial requirements. Among these, SsoPox is a hyperthermostable enzyme isolated from the archaeon Sulfolobus …             DNA barcoding of Mobulid Ray Gill Rakers for Implementing CITES on Elasmobranch in China ▶     Yan Zeng, Zhongze Wu, Chunguang Zhang et al.     The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) has been counted on for conserving threatened marine fish since it regulates the …             Collagen cross-linking: insights on the evolution of metazoan extracellular matrix ▶     Fernando Rodriguez-Pascual, David Anthony Slatter     Collagens constitute a large family of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that play a fundamental role in supporting the structure of various tissues in multicellular animals. …             DDIT4 regulates mesenchymal stem cell fate by mediating between HIF1α and mTOR signalling ▶     Borzo Gharibi, Mandeep Ghuman, Francis J. Hughes     Stem cell fate decisions to remain quiescent, self-renew or differentiate are largely governed by the interplay between extracellular signals from the niche and the cell …             Genetic variations in the PI3K-PTEN-AKT-mTOR pathway are associated with distant metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy ▶     Qiaojuan Guo, Tianzhu Lu, Yan Chen et al.     Distant metastasis is the primary failure pattern of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) in intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) era. This study was conducted to find the impact …             Growth factor and co-receptor release by structural regulation of substrate metalloprotease accessibility ▶     Liseth M. Parra, Monika Hartmann, Salome Schubach et al.     Release of cytokines, growth factors and other life-essential molecules from precursors by a-disintegrin-and-metalloproteases (ADAMs) is regulated with high …             Multiple crosstalk between TOR and the cell integrity MAPK signaling pathway in fission yeast ▶     Marisa Madrid, Beatriz Vázquez-Marín, Alejandro Franco et al.     In eukaryotic cells, the highly conserved Target of Rapamycin (TOR) and the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways elicit adaptive responses to extra- and …             Characterization of two distinct early post-entry blocks to HIV-1 in common marmoset lymphocytes ▶     Beatriz Pacheco, Luis Menéndez-Arias, Joseph Sodroski     In nature, primate lentiviruses infect humans and several Old World monkeys and apes. However, to date, lentiviruses infecting New World monkeys have not been described. We …             Common variants in the PARL and PINK1 genes increase the risk to leprosy in Han Chinese from South China ▶     Dong Wang, Deng-Feng Zhang, Jia-Qi Feng et al.     Leprosy is a chronic infectious and neurological disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an unculturable pathogen with massive genomic decay and dependence on host metabolism. We …             Driving Pest Insect Populations: Agricultural Chemicals Lead to an Adaptive Syndrome in Nilaparvata Lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) ▶     Lin-Lin You, You Wu, Bing Xu et al.     The brown planthopper (BPH) is a devastating pest of rice throughout Asia. In this paper we document the BPH biogeographic range expansion in China over the 20-year period, 1992 …             Why one-size-fits-all vaso-modulatory interventions fail to control glioma invasion: in silico insights ▶     J. C. L. Alfonso, A. Köhn-Luque, T. Stylianopoulos et al.     Gliomas are highly invasive brain tumours characterised by poor prognosis and limited response to therapy. There is an ongoing debate on the therapeutic potential of …             BGRMI: A method for inferring gene regulatory networks from time-course gene expression data and its application in breast cancer research ▶     Luis F. Iglesias-Martinez, Walter Kolch, Tapesh Santra     Reconstructing gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from gene expression data is a challenging problem. Existing GRN reconstruction algorithms can be broadly divided into model-free …             Logic models to predict continuous outputs based on binary inputs with an application to personalized cancer therapy ▶     Theo A. Knijnenburg, Gunnar W. Klau, Francesco Iorio et al.     Mining large datasets using machine learning approaches often leads to models that are hard to interpret and not amenable to the generation of hypotheses that can be …             Changes of bivalent chromatin coincide with increased expression of developmental genes in cancer ▶     Stephan H. Bernhart, Helene Kretzmer, Lesca M. Holdt et al.     Bivalent (poised or paused) chromatin comprises activating and repressing histone modifications at the same location. This combination of epigenetic marks at promoter or enhancer …             Relative abundance and distribution of fisheries influence risk of seabird bycatch ▶     Andrea Soriano-Redondo, Verónica Cortés, José Manuel Reyes-González et al.     Fisheries provide an abundant and predictable food source for many pelagic seabirds through discards, but also pose a major threat to them through bycatch, threatening their …             Non-label immune cell state prediction using Raman spectroscopy ▶     Taro Ichimura, Liang-da Chiu, Katsumasa Fujita et al.     The acquired immune system, mainly composed of T and B lymphocytes, plays a key role in protecting the host from infection. It is important and technically challenging to …             Toward a new paradigm of DNA writing using a massively parallel sequencing platform and degenerate oligonucleotide ▶     Byungjin Hwang, Duhee Bang     All synthetic DNA materials require prior programming of the building blocks of the oligonucleotide sequences. The development of a programmable microarray platform provides …             mTORC1 is Required for Brown Adipose Tissue Recruitment and Metabolic Adaptation to Cold ▶     Sébastien M. Labbé, Mathilde Mouchiroud, Alexandre Caron et al.     In response to cold, brown adipose tissue (BAT) increases its metabolic rate and expands its mass to produce heat required for survival, a process known as BAT recruitment. The …             Bph32, a novel gene encoding an unknown SCR domain-containing protein, confers resistance against the brown planthopper in rice ▶     Juansheng Ren, Fangyuan Gao, Xianting Wu et al.     An urgent need exists to identify more brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) resistance genes, which will allow the development of rice varieties with resistance to …             Overexpression of SerpinE2/protease nexin-1 Contribute to Pathological Cardiac Fibrosis via increasing Collagen Deposition ▶     Xuelian Li, Dandan Zhao, Zhenfeng Guo et al.     Although increases in cardiovascular load (pressure overload) are known to elicit ventricular remodeling including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis, the …             Pre- and post-weaning diet alters the faecal metagenome in the cat with differences vitamin and carbohydrate metabolism gene abundances ▶     Wayne Young, Christina D. Moon, David G. Thomas et al.     Dietary format, and its role in pet nutrition, is of interest to pet food manufacturers and pet owners alike. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of pre- …             Identification of an infectious bronchitis coronavirus strain exhibiting a classical genotype but altered antigenicity, pathogenicity, and innate immunity profile ▶     Shu-Yi Lin, Yao-Tsun Li, You-Ting Chen et al.     Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) poses economic threat to the poultry industry worldwide. Pathogenic IBV 3575/08 was isolated from broilers vaccinated with the …             Differential fecal microbiota are retained in broiler chicken lines divergently selected for fatness traits ▶     Qiangchuan Hou, Lai-Yu Kwok, Yi Zheng et al.     Our study combined 16S rRNA-pyrosequencing and whole genome sequencing to analyze the fecal metagenomes of the divergently selected lean (LL) and fat (FL) line chickens. …             TWIST1 drives cisplatin resistance and cell survival in an ovarian cancer model, via upregulation of GAS6, L1CAM, and Akt signalling ▶     Cai M. Roberts, Michelle A. Tran, Mary C. Pitruzzello et al.     Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most deadly gynaecologic malignancy due to late onset of symptoms and propensity towards drug resistance. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition …             Alignment-free Transcriptomic and Metatranscriptomic Comparison Using Sequencing Signatures with Variable Length Markov Chains ▶     Weinan Liao, Jie Ren, Kun Wang et al.     The comparison between microbial sequencing data is critical to understand the dynamics of microbial communities. The alignment-based tools analyzing metagenomic datasets require …             The Reproductive Toxicity of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots on the in vivo Ovarian Function and in vitro Fertilization ▶     Gaixia Xu, Guimiao Lin, Suxia Lin et al.     Despite the usefulness of quantum dots (QDs) in biomedicine and optoelectronics, their toxicity risks remain a major obstacle for clinical usages. Hence, we studied the …             In Silico Exploration for Novel Type-I Inhibitors of Tie-2/TEK: The Performance of Different Selection Strategy in Selecting Virtual Screening Candidates ▶     Peichen Pan, Huiyong Sun, Hui Liu et al.     The receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-2 is involved in vessel remodeling and maturation, and has been regarded as a potential target for the treatment of various solid tumors. The …             NF-kappaΒ-inducing kinase regulates stem cell phenotype in breast cancer ▶     Karla Vazquez-Santillan, Jorge Melendez-Zajgla, Luis Enrique Jimenez-Hernandez et al.     Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) overexpress components of the Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling cascade and consequently display high NF-κB activity levels. Breast cancer …             Edge effects reverse facilitation by a widespread foundation species ▶     Laura J. Jurgens, Brian Gaylord     Dense aggregations of foundation species often mitigate environmental stresses for organisms living among them. Considerable work documents such benefits by comparing conditions …             Brain-inspired speech segmentation for automatic speech recognition using the speech envelope as a temporal reference ▶     Byeongwook Lee, Kwang-Hyun Cho     Speech segmentation is a crucial step in automatic speech recognition because additional speech analyses are performed for each framed speech segment. Conventional segmentation …             Soil organic carbon accumulation during post-agricultural succession in a karst area, southwest China ▶     Liqiong Yang, Pan Luo, Li Wen et al.     This study was aimed to investigate the direction and magnitude of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and the underlying mechanisms following agricultural abandonment in a …             Evaluation of the efficacy of Myco/F lytic system, MGIT960 system and Lowenstein-Jensen medium for recovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sterile body fluids ▶     Guirong Wang, Xinting Yang, Junping Zhu et al.     The diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging due to non-specific symptoms, invasive approach for specimen collection and most importantly, the …             Antibacterial ability and hemocompatibility of graphene functionalized germanium ▶     Hao Geng, Jiayun Dai, Jinhua Li et al.     Germanium (Ge), as an elemental semiconductor material, has been an attractive candidate for manufacturing semiconductor microelectronic device. In the present investigation, to …             Origin of long-lived quantum coherence and excitation dynamics in pigment-protein complexes ▶     Zhedong Zhang, Jin Wang     We explore the mechanism for the long-lived quantum coherence by considering the discrete phonon modes: these vibrational modes effectively weaken the exciton-environment …             NR4A1 Knockdown Suppresses Seizure Activity by Regulating Surface Expression of NR2B ▶     Yanke Zhang, Guojun Chen, Baobing Gao et al.     Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1), a downstream target of CREB that is a key regulator of epileptogenesis, has been implicated in a variety of biological …             A simplified computational memory model from information processing ▶     Lanhua Zhang, Dongsheng Zhang, Yuqin Deng et al.     This paper is intended to propose a computational model for memory from the view of information processing. The model, called simplified memory information retrieval network …             Integrated microRNA and messenger RNA analysis in aortic stenosis ▶     Sean Coffey, Michael J. A. Williams, L. Vicky Phillips et al.     Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, with no effective medical therapies. Investigation into the underlying biology of AS in humans is limited …             Developmental disruption of perineuronal nets in the medial prefrontal cortex after maternal immune activation ▶     John W. Paylor, Brittney R. Lins, Quentin Greba et al.     Maternal infection during pregnancy increases the risk of offspring developing schizophrenia later in life. Similarly, animal models of maternal immune activation (MIA) induce …             14,000-year-old seeds indicate the Levantine origin of the lost progenitor of faba bean ▶     Valentina Caracuta, Mina Weinstein-Evron, Daniel Kaufman et al.     The understanding of crop domestication is dependent on tracking the original geographical distribution of wild relatives. The faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is economically important …             The N-terminal loop of IRAK-4 death domain regulates ordered assembly of the Myddosome signalling scaffold ▶     Anthony C. G. Dossang, Precious G. Motshwene, Yang Yang et al.     Activation of Toll-like receptors induces dimerization and the recruitment of the death domain (DD) adaptor protein MyD88 into an oligomeric post receptor complex termed the …             An amino acid-based oral rehydration solution (AA-ORS) enhanced intestinal epithelial proliferation in mice exposed to radiation ▶     Liangjie Yin, Reshu Gupta, Lauren Vaught et al.     Destruction of clonogenic cells in the crypt following irradiation are thought to cause altered gastrointestinal function. Previously, we found that an amino acid-based oral …             Oncogenic transformation of human lung bronchial epithelial cells induced by arsenic involves ROS-dependent activation of STAT3-miR-21-PDCD4 mechanism ▶     Poyil Pratheeshkumar, Young-Ok Son, Sasidharan Padmaja Divya et al.     Arsenic is a well-documented human carcinogen. The present study explored the role of the onco-miR, miR-21 and its target protein, programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in arsenic …             Knockout of Zebrafish Ovarian Aromatase Gene (cyp19a1a) by TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 Leads to All-male Offspring Due to Failed Ovarian Differentiation ▶     Esther Shuk-Wa Lau, Zhiwei Zhang, Mingming Qin et al.     Sexual or gonadal differentiation is a complex event and its mechanism remains elusive in teleosts. Despite its complexity and plasticity, the process of ovarian differentiation …             Stimulus-induced Epileptic Spike-Wave Discharges in Thalamocortical Model with Disinhibition ▶     Denggui Fan, Suyu Liu, Qingyun Wang     Epileptic absence seizure characterized by the typical 2–4 Hz spike-wave discharges (SWD) are known to arise due to the physiologically abnormal interactions within the …             High Energy Particle Radiation-associated Oncogenic Transformation in Normal Mice: Insight into the Connection between Activation of Oncotargets and Oncogene Addiction ▶     Natarajan Aravindan, Sheeja Aravindan, Krishnan Manickam et al.     Concerns on high-energy particle radiation-induced tumorigenic transformation of normal tissue in astronauts, and in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, emphasizes the …             Corrigendum: Determination of Arabidopsis thaliana telomere length by PCR ▶     María I. Vaquero-Sedas, Miguel A. Vega-Palas                 Imaging Cellular Dynamics with Spectral Relaxation Imaging Microscopy: Distinct Spectral Dynamics in Golgi Membranes of Living Cells ▶     Alireza Lajevardipour, James W. M. Chon, Amitabha Chattopadhyay et al.     Spectral relaxation from fluorescent probes is a useful technique for determining the dynamics of condensed phases. To this end, we have developed a method based on wide-field …             Long-range synchrony and emergence of neural reentry ▶     Hanna Keren, Shimon Marom     Neural synchronization across long distances is a functionally important phenomenon in health and disease. In order to access the basis of different modes of long-range …             Pre-dispersal strategies by Quercus schottkyana to mitigate the effects of weevil infestation of acorns ▶     Ke Xia, William L. Harrower, Roy Turkington et al.     We investigated how pre-dispersal strategies may mitigate the effects of weevil infestation of acorns in a population of Quercus schottkyana, a dominant oak in Asian evergreen …             Development of Commercial Thermo-sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice Accelerates Hybrid Rice Breeding Using the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TMS5 Editing System ▶     Hai Zhou, Ming He, Jing Li et al.     Hybrid rice breeding offers an important strategy to improve rice production, in which the cultivation of a male sterile line is the key to the success of cross-breeding. …             Genomic regions responsible for amenability to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in barley ▶     Hiroshi Hisano, Kazuhiro Sato     Different plant cultivars of the same genus and species can exhibit vastly different genetic transformation efficiencies. However, the genetic factors underlying these …             Antimicrobial Peptide Potency is Facilitated by Greater Conformational Flexibility when Binding to Gram-negative Bacterial Inner Membranes ▶     Sarah-Beth T. A. Amos, Louic S. Vermeer, Philip M. Ferguson et al.     The interaction of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with the inner membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is a key determinant of their abilities to exert diverse bactericidal effects. …             Multi-level glyco-engineering techniques to generate IgG with defined Fc-glycans ▶     Gillian Dekkers, Rosina Plomp, Carolien A. M. Koeleman et al.     Immunoglobulin G (IgG) mediates its immune functions through complement and cellular IgG-Fc receptors (FcγR). IgG contains an evolutionary conserved N-linked glycan at position …             Neural mechanisms underlying touch-induced visual perceptual suppression: An fMRI study ▶     Masakazu Ide, Souta Hidaka, Hanako Ikeda et al.     Crossmodal studies have demonstrated inhibitory as well as facilitatory neural effects in higher sensory association and primary sensory cortices. A recent human behavioral study …             Targeted delivery system for cancer cells consist of multiple ligands conjugated genetically modified CCMV capsid on doxorubicin GNPs complex ▶     Indu Barwal, Rajiv Kumar, Suneel Kateriya et al.     Targeted nano-delivery vehicles were developed from genetically modified Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) capsid by ligands bioconjugation for efficient drug delivery in …             Loss-of-function of an Arabidopsis NADPH pyrophosphohydrolase, AtNUDX19, impacts on the pyridine nucleotides status and confers photooxidative stress tolerance ▶     Takanori Maruta, Takahisa Ogawa, Masaki Tsujimura et al.     The levels and redox states of pyridine nucleotides, such as NADP(H), regulate the cellular redox homeostasis, which is crucial for photooxidative stress response in plants. …             Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli promotes the invasion and tissue damage of enterocytes infected with Candida albicans in vitro ▶     Weiming Yang, Yanjun Zhou, Chunrong Wu et al.     The principal aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro co-infection of Caco-2 cells with Candida albicans and enterohemorrhage Escherichia coli (EHEC). The ability of …             Development and comparative study of chemosynthesized antigen and mimotope-based immunoassays for class-specific analysis of O,O-dimethyl organophosphorus pesticides ▶     Fengchun Zhao, Huimin Wang, Xiao Han et al.     The multi-residue determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is an important task due to the wide application and high toxicity of OPs. However, there is no promising …             5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 located on the mitochondrial membrane and functionally regulated mitochondrial functions ▶     Qingyi Wang, Huiyuan Zhang, Hao Xu et al.     5-HT has been reported to possess significant effects on cardiac activities, but activation of 5-HTR on the cell membrane failed to illustrate the controversial cardiac reaction. …             Second-trimester urine nephrin:creatinine ratio versus soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1:placental growth factor ratio for prediction of preeclampsia among asymptomatic women ▶     Tianyue Zhai, Itsuko Furuta, Kinuko Nakagawa et al.     This prospective observational study compare urine nephrin:creatinine ratio (NCR, ng/mg) with serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1:placental growth factor ratio (FPR, pg/pg) …             Harnessing short poly(A)-binding protein-interacting peptides for the suppression of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay ▶     Tobias Fatscher, Niels H. Gehring     Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a cellular process that eliminates messenger RNA (mRNA) substrates with premature translation termination codons (PTCs). In addition, NMD …             Cordyceps collected from Bhutan, an appropriate alternative of Cordyceps sinensis ▶     Ding-Tao Wu, Guang-Ping Lv, Jian Zheng et al.     Natural Cordyceps collected in Bhutan has been widely used as natural Cordyceps sinensis, an official species of Cordyceps used as Chinese medicines, around the world in recent …             Identifying mutations in Tunisian families with retinal dystrophy ▶     Imen Habibi, Ahmed Chebil, Yosra Falfoul et al.     Retinal dystrophies (RD) are a rare genetic disorder with high genetic heterogeneity. This study aimed at identifying disease-causing variants in fifteen consanguineous Tunisian …             CL316,243, a β3-adrenergic receptor agonist, induces muscle hypertrophy and increased strength ▶     Daniela Puzzo, Roberto Raiteri, Clotilde Castaldo et al.     Studies in vitro have demonstrated that β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs) regulate protein metabolism in skeletal muscle by promoting protein synthesis and inhibiting protein …             Molecular Insight into Affinities of Gallated and Nongallated Proanthocyanidins Dimers to Lipid Bilayers ▶     Wei Zhu, Le Xiong, Jinming Peng et al.     Experimental studies have proved the beneficial effects of proanthocyanidins (Pas) relating to interaction with the cell membrane. But the detailed mechanisms and …             Experience-Driven Differences in Childhood Cortisol Predict Affect-Relevant Brain Function and Coping in Adolescent Monozygotic Twins ▶     Cory A. Burghy, Michelle E. Fox, M. Daniela Cornejo et al.     Stress and emotion involve diverse developmental and individual differences. Partially attributed to the development of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the amygdala, and …             Beyond Antibodies: Development of a Novel Protein Scaffold Based on Human Chaperonin 10 ▶     Abdulkarim M. Alsultan, David Y. Chin, Christopher B. Howard et al.     Human Chaperonin 10 (hCpn10) was utilised as a novel scaffold for presenting peptides of therapeutic and diagnostic significance. Molecular dynamic simulations and protein sizing …             Crosstalk among proteome, acetylome and succinylome in colon cancer HCT116 cell treated with sodium dichloroacetate ▶     Danxi Zhu, Lidan Hou, Bin Hu et al.     Protein lysine acetylation and succinylation play important regulatory roles in cells, both of which or each other has a close relationship. Dichloroacetate (DCA), a well-known …             Local expectation violations result in global activity gain in primary visual cortex ▶     Peter Kok, Lieke L.F. van Lieshout, Floris P. de Lange     During natural perception, we often form expectations about upcoming input. These expectations are usually multifaceted – we expect a particular object at a particular location. …             PLD1 regulates adipogenic differentiation through mTOR - IRS-1 phosphorylation at serine 636/639 ▶     Hae-In Song, Mee-Sup Yoon     Phospholipase D1 (PLD1) plays a known role in several differentiation processes, but its role in adipogenic differentiation remains unknown. In the present study, we identified …             p53 isoform Δ133p53 promotes efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells and ensures genomic integrity during reprogramming ▶     Lu Gong, Xiao Pan, Haide Chen et al.     Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have great potential in regenerative medicine, but this depends on the integrity of their genomes. iPS cells have been found to contain …             Cas9-catalyzed DNA Cleavage Generates Staggered Ends: Evidence from Molecular Dynamics Simulations ▶     Zhicheng Zuo, Jin Liu     The CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes (spCas9) along with a single guide RNA (sgRNA) has emerged as a versatile toolbox for genome editing. Despite …             Development of a rapid screen for the endodermal differentiation potential of human pluripotent stem cell lines ▶     Richard Siller, Elena Naumovska, Santosh Mathapati et al.     A challenge facing the human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) field is the variability observed in differentiation potential of hPSCs. Variability can lead to time consuming and …             Complex lasso: new entangled motifs in proteins ▶     Wanda Niemyska, Pawel Dabrowski-Tumanski, Michal Kadlof et al.     We identify new entangled motifs in proteins that we call complex lassos. Lassos arise in proteins with disulfide bridges (or in proteins with amide linkages), when termini of a …             Longitudinal metagenomic profiling of bovine milk to assess the impact of intramammary treatment using a third-generation cephalosporin ▶     Erika K. Ganda, Rafael S. Bisinotto, Svetlana F. Lima et al.     Antimicrobial usage in food animals has a direct impact on human health, and approximately 80% of the antibiotics prescribed in the dairy industry are used to treat bovine …             Three-dimensional label-free imaging and quantification of lipid droplets in live hepatocytes ▶     Kyoohyun Kim, SeoEun Lee, Jonghee Yoon et al.     Lipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles with important roles in lipid storage and metabolism and involved in various diseases including cancer, obesity, and diabetes. …             An ancient role for nitric oxide in regulating the animal pelagobenthic life cycle: evidence from a marine sponge ▶     Nobuo Ueda, Gemma S. Richards, Bernard M. Degnan et al.     In many marine invertebrates, larval metamorphosis is induced by environmental cues that activate sensory receptors and signalling pathways. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous …             Poly-L-ornithine enhances migration of neural stem/progenitor cells via promoting α-Actinin 4 binding to actin filaments ▶     Hongfei Ge, Anyong Yu, Jingyu Chen et al.     The recruitment of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) for brain restoration after injury is a promising regenerative therapeutic strategy. This strategy involves enhancing …             A novel process of viral vector barcoding and library preparation enables high-diversity library generation and recombination-free paired-end sequencing ▶     Marcus Davidsson, Paula Diaz-Fernandez, Oliver D. Schwich et al.     Detailed characterization and mapping of oligonucleotide function in vivo is generally a very time consuming effort that only allows for hypothesis driven subsampling of the full …             Mitochondrial growth during the cell cycle of Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms ▶     Martin Jakob, Anneliese Hoffmann, Simona Amodeo et al.     Mitochondrial organelles need to be replicated during cell division. Many aspects of this process have been studied in great detail, however the actual size increase and the …             Identification of inhibitors that dually target the new permeability pathway and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in the blood stage of Plasmodium falciparum ▶     Benjamin K. Dickerman, Brendan Elsworth, Simon A. Cobbold et al.     Plasmodium parasites are responsible for the devastating disease malaria that affects hundreds of millions of people each year. Blood stage parasites establish new permeability …             Morphological and proteomic analysis of biofilms from the Antarctic archaeon, Halorubrum lacusprofundi ▶     Y. Liao, T. J. Williams, J. Ye et al.     Biofilms enhance rates of gene exchange, access to specific nutrients, and cell survivability. Haloarchaea in Deep Lake, Antarctica, are characterized by high rates of …             Correlation analysis of the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in the nascent synthetic allotetraploid Raphanobrassica ▶     Bingyuan Ye, Ruihua Wang, Jianbo Wang     Raphanobrassica is an allopolyploid species derived from inter-generic hybridization that combines the R genome from R. sativus and the C genome from B. oleracea var. alboglabra. …             Robust encoding of scene anticipation during human spatial navigation ▶     Yumi Shikauchi, Shin Ishii     In a familiar city, people can recall scene views (e.g., a particular street corner scene) they could encounter again in the future. Complex objects with multiple features are …             Combinational Immunotherapy with Allo-DRibble Vaccines and Anti-OX40 Co-Stimulation Leads to Generation of Cross-Reactive Effector T Cells and Tumor Regression ▶     Guangjie Yu, Yuhuan Li, Zhihua Cui et al.     It is well-known that vaccines comprising of irradiated whole tumor cells or tumor-derived heat shock proteins can generate tumor-specific immune responses. In contrast, we …             Friedelin Synthase from Maytenus ilicifolia: Leucine 482 Plays an Essential Role in the Production of the Most Rearranged Pentacyclic Triterpene ▶     Tatiana M. Souza-Moreira, Thaís B. Alves, Karina A. Pinheiro et al.     Among the biologically active triterpenes, friedelin has the most-rearranged structure produced by the oxidosqualene cyclases and is the only one containing a cetonic group. In …             Identification of Polo-like kinase 1 interaction inhibitors using a novel cell-based assay ▶     Karine Normandin, Jean-François Lavallée, Marie Futter et al.     Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) plays several roles in cell division and it is a recognized cancer drug target. Plk1 levels are elevated in cancer and several types of cancer cells are …             Connexin 32-mediated cell-cell communication is essential for hepatic differentiation from human embryonic stem cells ▶     Jinhua Qin, Mingyang Chang, Shuyong Wang et al.     Gap junction-mediated cell-cell interactions are highly conserved and play essential roles in cell survival, proliferation, differentiation and patterning. We report that …             Structural basis of TRPA1 inhibition by HC-030031 utilizing species-specific differences ▶     Rupali Gupta, Shigeru Saito, Yoshiharu Mori et al.     Pain is a harmful sensation that arises from noxious stimuli. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is one target for studying pain mechanisms. TRPA1 is activated by …             Co-occurrence of Local Anisotropic Gradient Orientations (CoLlAGe): A new radiomics descriptor ▶     Prateek Prasanna, Pallavi Tiwari, Anant Madabhushi     In this paper, we introduce a new radiomic descriptor, Co-occurrence of Local Anisotropic Gradient Orientations (CoLlAGe) for capturing subtle differences between benign and …             Perceptual learning in a non-human primate model of artificial vision ▶     Nathaniel J. Killian, Milena Vurro, Sarah B. Keith et al.     Visual perceptual grouping, the process of forming global percepts from discrete elements, is experience-dependent. Here we show that the learning time course in an animal model …             The response of the soil microbial food web to extreme rainfall under different plant systems ▶     Feng Sun, Kaiwen Pan, Akash Tariq et al.     An agroforestry experiment was conducted that involved four planting systems: monoculture of the focal species Zanthoxylum bungeanum and mixed cultures of Z. bungeanum and …             Effects of light-emitting diode irradiation on the osteogenesis of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in vitro ▶     Dazhi Yang, Weihong Yi, Ertian Wang et al.     The aim of this study was to examine the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation therapy on the proliferation and differentiation of human umbilical cord …             A mouse model of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia generated by transmammary-delivered immunoblocking of BMP9 and BMP10 ▶     Santiago Ruiz, Haitian Zhao, Pallavi Chandakkar et al.     Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a potentially life-threatening genetic vascular disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the genes encoding activin …             Integrated omics study of lipid droplets from Plasmodiophora brassicae ▶     Kai Bi, Zhangchao He, Zhixiao Gao et al.     Plasmodiophora brassicae causes clubroot disease in cruciferous. In this report, lipid droplets were observed in the resting spores of P. brassicae. 295 lipid droplet-associated …             Oligofructose as an adjunct in treatment of diabetes in NOD mice ▶     Clement Chan, Colin M. Hyslop, Vipul Shrivastava et al.     In type 1 diabetes, restoration of normoglycemia can be achieved if the autoimmune attack on beta cells ceases and insulin requirement is met by the residual beta cells. We …             Stable Upconversion Nanohybrid Particles for Specific Prostate Cancer Cell Immunodetection ▶     Yu Shi, Bingyang Shi, Arun V. Everest Dass et al.     Prostate cancer is one of the male killing diseases and early detection of prostate cancer is the key for better treatment and lower cost. However, the number of prostate cancer …             In-depth comparison of somatic point mutation callers based on different tumor next-generation sequencing depth data ▶     Lei Cai, Wei Yuan, Zhou Zhang et al.     Four popular somatic single nucleotide variant (SNV) calling methods (Varscan, SomaticSniper, Strelka and MuTect2) were carefully evaluated on the real whole exome sequencing …             Combined administration of anisodamine and neostigmine rescued acute lethal crush syndrome through α7nAChR-dependent JAK2-STAT3 signaling ▶     Zhe-Qi Xu, Bo-Zong Shao, Ping Ke et al.     Previously we showed that Ani (anisodamine)/Neo (neostigmine) combination produced anti-shock effect via activating α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). In this study, …             Waterborne aripiprazole blunts the stress response in zebrafish ▶     Heloísa Helena de Alcantara Barcellos, Fabiana Kalichak, João Gabriel Santos da Rosa et al.     Here we provide, at least to our knowledge, the first evidence that aripiprazole (APPZ) in the water blunts the stress response of exposed fish in a concentration ten times lower …             An anti-TNF-α antibody mimetic to treat ocular inflammation ▶     Hanieh Khalili, Richard W. Lee, Peng T. Khaw et al.     Infliximab is an antibody that neutralizes TNF-α and is used principally by systemic administration to treat many inflammatory disorders. We prepared the antibody mimetic …             Inverse changes in L1 retrotransposons between blood and brain in major depressive disorder ▶     Shu Liu, Tingfu Du, Zeyue Liu et al.     Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is a type of retrotransposons comprising 17% of the human and mouse genome, and has been found to be associated with several …             HMGA1P7-pseudogene regulates H19 and Igf2 expression by a competitive endogenous RNA mechanism ▶     Marco De Martino, Floriana Forzati, Marianna Marfella et al.     Recent studies have revealed that pseudogene transcripts can function as competing endogenous RNAs, and thereby can also contribute to cancer when dysregulated. We have recently …             Electrical Stimulus Controlled Binding/Unbinding of Human Thrombin-Aptamer Complex ▶     Agnivo Gosai, Xiao Ma, Ganesh Balasubramanian et al.     The binding/unbinding of the human thrombin and its 15-mer single stranded DNA aptamer, under the application of external stimulus in the form of electrostatic potential/electric …             The neuroprotective action of dexmedetomidine on apoptosis, calcium entry and oxidative stress in cerebral ischemia-induced rats: Contribution of TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels ▶     Hatice Akpınar, Mustafa Nazıroğlu, İshak Suat Övey et al.     Dexmedetomidine (DEX) may act as an antioxidant through regulation of TRPM2 and TRPV1 channel activations in the neurons by reducing cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative stress …             Natural zwitterionic betaine enables cells to survive ultrarapid cryopreservation ▶     Jing Yang, Nana Cai, Hongwen Zhai et al.     Cryoprotectants (CPAs) play a critical role in cryopreservation because they can resist the cell damage caused by the freezing process. Current state-of-the-art CPAs are mainly …             G9a participates in nerve injury-induced Kcna2 downregulation in primary sensory neurons ▶     Lingli Liang, Xiyao Gu, Jian-Yuan Zhao et al.     Nerve injury-induced downregulation of voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kcna2 in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is critical for DRG neuronal excitability and neuropathic …             Lymphocytic Microparticles Modulate Angiogenic Properties of Macrophages in Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization ▶     Houda Tahiri, Samy Omri, Chun Yang et al.     Pathological choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the common cause of vision loss in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Macrophages possess potential …             Hierarchical effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the post-influenza susceptibility to pneumococcal coinfection ▶     Stefanie Duvigneau, Niharika Sharma-Chawla, Alessandro Boianelli et al.     In the course of influenza A virus (IAV) infections, a secondary bacterial infection frequently leads to serious respiratory conditions provoking high hospitalization and death …             Use of Zebrafish Larvae as a Multi-Endpoint Platform to Characterize the Toxicity Profile of Silica Nanoparticles ▶     Duc-Hung Pham, Bert De Roo, Xuan-Bac Nguyen et al.     Nanomaterials are being extensively produced and applied in society. Human and environmental exposures are, therefore, inevitable and so increased attention is being given to …             Circulating long-non coding RNAs as biomarkers of left ventricular diastolic function and remodelling in patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes ▶     D. de Gonzalo-Calvo, F. Kenneweg, C. Bang et al.     Contractile dysfunction is underdiagnosed in early stages of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We evaluated the potential of circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as biomarkers of …                       npj Systems Biology and Applications is a new online, open access, multi and cross-disciplinary journal dedicated to publishing the finest research on systems biology and all of its approaches. 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