Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 8 December 2015

If you are unable to see the message below, click here to view.

08 December 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         A new online, open access journal publishing high quality research into the neurobiology of learning in experimental conditions and in an educational environment. Published by Nature Publishing Group in partnership with The University of Queensland, Australia. Learn more at http://www.nature.com/npjscilearn           Biological Sciences               Molecular Assembly of Clostridium botulinum progenitor M complex of type E ▶     Subramaniam Eswaramoorthy, Jingchuan Sun, Huilin Li et al.     Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is released as a progenitor complex, in association with a non-toxic-non-hemagglutinin protein (NTNH) and other associated proteins. We …             Exploring the automaticity of language-perception interactions: Effects of attention and awareness ▶     Jolien C. Francken, Erik L. Meijs, Peter Hagoort et al.     Previous studies have shown that language can modulate visual perception, by biasing and/or enhancing perceptual performance. However, it is still debated where in the brain …             Dynamically reorganized chromatin is the key for the reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotent cells ▶     Kaimeng Huang, Xiaobai Zhang, Jiejun Shi et al.     Nucleosome positioning and histone modification play a critical role in gene regulation, but their role during reprogramming has not been fully elucidated. Here, we determined …             Evolutionary conserved brainstem circuits encode category, concentration and mixtures of taste ▶     Nuria Vendrell-Llopis, Emre Yaksi     Evolutionary conserved brainstem circuits are the first relay for gustatory information in the vertebrate brain. While the brainstem circuits act as our life support system and …             Pseudo-immortalization of postnatal cochlear progenitor cells yields a scalable cell line capable of transcriptionally regulating mature hair cell genes ▶     Brandon J. Walters, Shiyong Diao, Fei Zheng et al.     The mammalian cochlea is a highly specialized organ within the inner ear. Sensory hair cells (HC) in the cochlea detect and transduce sound waves into electrical impulses that …             Environmental marine pathogen isolation using mesocosm culture of sharpsnout seabream: striking genomic and morphological features of novel Endozoicomonas sp. ▶     Pantelis Katharios, Helena M. B. Seth-Smith, Alexander Fehr et al.     Aquaculture is a burgeoning industry, requiring diversification into new farmed species, which are often at risk from infectious disease. We used a mesocosm technique to …             New hope for the survival of the Amur leopard in China ▶     Guangshun Jiang, Jinzhe Qi, Guiming Wang et al.     Natural range loss limits the population growth of Asian big cats and may determine their survival. Over the past decade, we collected occurrence data of the critically …             Stanniocalcin-1 inhibits thrombin-induced signaling and protects from bleomycin-induced lung injury ▶     Luping Huang, Lin Zhang, Huiming Ju et al.     Thrombin-induced and proteinase-activated receptor 1 (PAR1)-mediated signaling increases ROS production, activates ERK, and promotes inflammation and fibroblast proliferation in …             The orphan response regulator EpsW is a substrate of the DifE kinase and it regulates exopolysaccharide in Myxococcus xanthus ▶     Wesley P. Black, Lingling Wang, Manli Y. Davis et al.     Here we attempted to identify the downstream target of the DifE histidine kinase in the regulation of exopolysaccharide (EPS) production in the Gram-negative bacterium Myxococcus …             The Dynamics and Regulatory Mechanism of Pronuclear H3k9me2 Asymmetry in Mouse Zygotes ▶     Xue-Shan Ma, Shi-Bin Chao, Xian-Ju Huang et al.     H3K9 methylation is an important histone modification that is correlated with gene transcription repression. The asymmetric H3K9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) pattern between paternal …             Practice reduces task relevant variance modulation and forms nominal trajectory ▶     Rieko Osu, Ken-ichi Morishige, Jun Nakanishi et al.     Humans are capable of achieving complex tasks with redundant degrees of freedom. Much attention has been paid to task relevant variance modulation as an indication of online …             Inhibition of Ape1 Redox Activity Promotes Odonto/osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Papilla Cells ▶     Tian Chen, Zhi Liu, Wenhua Sun et al.     Dentinogenesis is the formation of dentin, a substance that forms the majority of teeth, and this process is performed by odontoblasts. Dental papilla cells (DPCs), as the …             Monitoring Network Confirms Land Use Change is a Substantial Component of the Forest Carbon Sink in the eastern United States ▶     C. W. Woodall, B. F. Walters, J. W. Coulston et al.     Quantifying forest carbon (C) stocks and stock change within a matrix of land use (LU) and L change is a central component of large-scale forest C monitoring and reporting …             The Origin of The Acheulean: The 1.7 Million-Year-Old Site of FLK West, Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) ▶     F. Diez-Martín, P. Sánchez Yustos, D. Uribelarrea et al.     The appearance of the Acheulean is one of the hallmarks of human evolution. It represents the emergence of a complex behavior, expressed in the recurrent manufacture of …             mRNA Levels of Imprinted Genes in Bovine In Vivo Oocytes, Embryos and Cross Species Comparisons with Humans, Mice and Pigs ▶     Zongliang Jiang, Hong Dong, Xinbao Zheng et al.     Twenty-six imprinted genes were quantified in bovine in vivo produced oocytes and embryos using RNA-seq. Eighteen were detectable and their transcriptional patterns were: largely …             Deciphering Genomic Underpinnings of Quantitative MRI-based Radiomic Phenotypes of Invasive Breast Carcinoma ▶     Yitan Zhu, Hui Li, Wentian Guo et al.     Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been routinely used for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. However, the relationship between the MRI tumor phenotypes and the …             Infectious Progeny of 2009 A (H1N1) Influenza Virus Replicated in and Released from Human Neutrophils ▶     Zhang Zhang, Tao Huang, Feiyuan Yu et al.     Various reports have indicated that a number of viruses could infect neutrophils, but the multiplication of viruses in neutrophils was abortive. Based on our previous finding …             Copy number variation and microdeletions of the Y chromosome linked genes and loci across different categories of Indian infertile males ▶     Anju Kumari, Sandeep Kumar Yadav, Man Mohan Misro et al.     We analyzed 34 azoospermic (AZ), 43 oligospermic (OS), and 40 infertile males with normal spermiogram (INS) together with 55 normal fertile males (NFM) from the Indian …             High-density lipoprotein contribute to G0-G1/S transition in Swiss NIH/3T3 fibroblasts ▶     Fabrizio Angius, Stefano Spolitu, Sabrina Uda et al.     High density lipoproteins (HDLs) play a crucial role in removing excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues. Although their concentration is lower during conditions of high cell …             Systematic comparison of variant calling pipelines using gold standard personal exome variants ▶     Sohyun Hwang, Eiru Kim, Insuk Lee et al.     The success of clinical genomics using next generation sequencing (NGS) requires the accurate and consistent identification of personal genome variants. Assorted variant calling …             The Potential of High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Microscopy in the Pathologic Analysis of Resected Breast and Lymph Tissue ▶     Brittany Z. Dashevsky, Timothy D'Alfonso, Elizabeth J. Sutton et al.     Pathologic evaluation of breast specimens requires a fixation and staining procedure of at least 12 hours duration, delaying diagnosis and post-operative planning. Here we …             A synthetic modular approach for modeling the role of the 3D microenvironment in tumor progression ▶     S. P. Singh, M. P. Schwartz, E. Y. Tokuda et al.     Here, we demonstrate the flexibility of peptide-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels for modeling tumor progression. The PEG hydrogels were formed using thiol-ene …             Coordinated loss of microRNA group causes defenseless signaling in malignant lymphoma ▶     Makoto Yamagishi, Harutaka Katano, Tsunekazu Hishima et al.     Biological robustness is exposed to stochastic perturbations, which should be controlled by intrinsic mechanisms; the promiscuous signaling network without appropriate …             Heterologous expression of newly identified galectin-8 from sea urchin embryos produces recombinant protein with lactose binding specificity and anti-adhesive activity ▶     Kostantinos Karakostis, Caterina Costa, Francesca Zito et al.     Galectin family members specifically bind beta-galactoside derivatives and are involved in different cellular events, including cell communication, signalling, apoptosis, and …             Fine-tuned SRF activity controls asymmetrical neuronal outgrowth: implications for cortical migration, neural tissue lamination and circuit assembly ▶     Marilyn Scandaglia, Eva Benito, Cruz Morenilla-Palao et al.     The stimulus-regulated transcription factor Serum Response Factor (SRF) plays an important role in diverse neurodevelopmental processes related to structural plasticity and …             Characterization of the 26S proteasome network in Plasmodium falciparum ▶     Lihui Wang, Claire Delahunty, Karin Fritz-Wolf et al.     In eukaryotic cells, the ubiquitin-proteasome system as a key regulator of protein quality control is an excellent drug target. We therefore aimed to analyze the 26S proteasome …             PDGFRα plays a crucial role in connective tissue remodeling ▶     Shinjiro Horikawa, Yoko Ishii, Takeru Hamashima et al.     Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) plays a pivotal role in the remodeling of connective tissues. Emerging data indicate the distinctive role of PDGF receptor-α (PDGFRα) in …             Functional properties of resting state networks in healthy full-term newborns ▶     Josepheen De Asis-Cruz, Marine Bouyssi-Kobar, Iordanis Evangelou et al.     Objective, early, and non-invasive assessment of brain function in high-risk newborns is critical to initiate timely interventions and to minimize long-term neurodevelopmental …             BIM and mTOR expression levels predict outcome to erlotinib in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer ▶     Niki Karachaliou, Jordi Codony-Servat, Cristina Teixidó et al.     BIM is a proapoptotic protein that initiates apoptosis triggered by EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). mTOR negatively regulates apoptosis and may influence response to EGFR …             Cytoplasmic hnRNPK interacts with GSK3β and is essential for the osteoclast differentiation ▶     Xiaoqin Fan, Haiting Xiong, Jinmei Wei et al.     Osteoclast differentiation is a complex and finely regulated physiological process that involves a variety of signaling pathways and factors. Recent studies suggested that the …             Self-directed exploration provides a Ncs1-dependent learning bonus ▶     Ho-Suk Mun, Bechara J. Saab, Enoch Ng et al.     Understanding the mechanisms of memory formation is fundamental to establishing optimal educational practices and restoring cognitive function in brain disease. Here, we show for …             Developmental exposure to Ethinylestradiol affects transgenerationally sexual behavior and neuroendocrine networks in male mice ▶     Lyes Derouiche, Matthieu Keller, Anne Hélène Duittoz et al.     Reproductive behavior and physiology in adulthood are controlled by hypothalamic sexually dimorphic neuronal networks which are organized under hormonal control during …             Genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia species among patients with nocardiosis ▶     Abodolrazagh Hashemi-Shahraki, Parvin Heidarieh, Saeed Zaker Bostanabad et al.     The aim of this multicenter study was to determine the genetic diversity and antibiotic susceptibility of clinically isolated Nocardia species. One hundred twenty-seven patients …             Antibiotic monensin synergizes with EGFR inhibitors and oxaliplatin to suppress the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells ▶     Youlin Deng, Junhui Zhang, Zhongliang Wang et al.     Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy with an overall cure rate of merely 30%. Most patients experience recurrence within 12–24 months of cure and die of …             Ceramides And Stress Signalling Intersect With Autophagic Defects In Neurodegenerative Drosophila blue cheese (bchs) Mutants ▶     Sarita Hebbar, Ishtapran Sahoo, Artur Matysik et al.     Sphingolipid metabolites are involved in the regulation of autophagy, a degradative recycling process that is required to prevent neuronal degeneration. Drosophila blue cheese …             Genomic amplification upregulates estrogen-related receptor alpha and its depletion inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma tumors in vivo ▶     Ankana Tiwari, Shivananda Swamy, Kodaganur S. Gopinath et al.     The ESRRA gene encodes a transcription factor and regulates several genes, such as WNT11 and OPN, involved in tumorigenesis. It is upregulated in several cancers, including OSCC. …             Detection of gene communities in multi-networks reveals cancer drivers ▶     Laura Cantini, Enzo Medico, Santo Fortunato et al.     We propose a new multi-network-based strategy to integrate different layers of genomic information and use them in a coordinate way to identify driving cancer genes. The …             GLUT3 and PKM2 regulate OCT4 expression and support the hypoxic culture of human embryonic stem cells ▶     David R. Christensen, Philip C. Calder, Franchesca D. Houghton     Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the capacity to differentiate into all cell types and thus have great potential for regenerative medicine. hESCs cultured at low oxygen …             Effective directional self-gathering of drops on spine of cactus with splayed capillary arrays ▶     Chengcheng Liu, Yan Xue, Yuan Chen et al.     We report that the fast droplet transport without additional energy expenditure can be achieved on the spine of cactus (Gymnocalycium baldianum) with the assistance of its …             TLR4 drives the pathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma by promoting local inflammation and bone destruction ▶     Yu Si, Yu Bin Chen, Sui Jun Chen et al.     Acquired cholesteatoma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by both hyperkeratinized squamous epithelial overgrowth and bone destruction. Toll-like receptor (TLR) …             Superdiffusive motion of membrane-targeting C2 domains ▶     Grace Campagnola, Kanti Nepal, Bryce W. Schroder et al.     Membrane-targeting domains play crucial roles in the recruitment of signalling molecules to the plasma membrane. For most peripheral proteins, the protein-to-membrane interaction …             CD147 monoclonal antibody mediated by chitosan nanoparticles loaded with α-hederin enhances antineoplastic activity and cellular uptake in liver cancer cells ▶     Rong Zhu, Chun-ge Zhang, Yang Liu et al.     An antibody that specifically interacts with an antigen could be applied to an active targeting delivery system. In this study, CD147 antibody was coupled with α-hed chitosan …             Production and application of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against Spiroplasma eriocheiris ▶     Ying Zhang, Haixun Bao, Fengqin Miao et al.     A new species of spiroplasma, Spiroplasma eriocheiris (S. eriocheiris), was identified as a lethal pathogen of tremor disease (TD) in Chinese mitten crab recently. In order to …             Overexpression of Sirtuin 6 suppresses cellular senescence and NF-κB mediated inflammatory responses in osteoarthritis development ▶     Yaosen Wu, Linwei Chen, Ye Wang et al.     The aim of our study was to evaluate if Sirt6, a NAD + dependent histone deacetylase, plays a protective role in cartilage degeneration by suppressing cellular senescence and …             RESOLFT nanoscopy with photoswitchable organic fluorophores ▶     Jiwoong Kwon, Jihee Hwang, Jaewan Park et al.     Far-field optical nanoscopy has been widely used to image small objects with sub-diffraction-limit spatial resolution. Particularly, reversible saturable optical fluorescence …             A Probabilistic Model for Estimating the Depth and Threshold Temperature of C-fiber Nociceptors ▶     Tara Dezhdar, Rabih A. Moshourab, Ingo Fründ et al.     The subjective experience of thermal pain follows the detection and encoding of noxious stimuli by primary afferent neurons called nociceptors. However, nociceptor morphology has …             Resveratrol Treatment after Status Epilepticus Restrains Neurodegeneration and Abnormal Neurogenesis with Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation ▶     Vikas Mishra, Bing Shuai, Maheedhar Kodali et al.     Antiepileptic drug therapy, though beneficial for restraining seizures, cannot thwart status epilepticus (SE) induced neurodegeneration or down-stream detrimental changes. We …             Deep sequencing analysis of the heterogeneity of seed and commercial lots of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) tuberculosis vaccine substrain Tokyo-172 ▶     Takayuki Wada, Fumito Maruyama, Tomotada Iwamoto et al.     BCG, only vaccine available to prevent tuberculosis, was established in the early 20th century by prolonged passaging of a virulent clinical strain of Mycobacterium bovis. BCG …             CB1 cannabinoid receptor enrichment in the ependymal region of the adult human spinal cord ▶     Beatriz Paniagua-Torija, Angel Arevalo-Martin, Isidro Ferrer et al.     Cannabinoids are involved in the regulation of neural stem cell biology and their receptors are expressed in the neurogenic niches of adult rodents. In the spinal cord of rats …             Muscle networks: Connectivity analysis of EMG activity during postural control ▶     Tjeerd W. Boonstra, Alessander Danna-Dos-Santos, Hong-Bo Xie et al.     Understanding the mechanisms that reduce the many degrees of freedom in the musculoskeletal system remains an outstanding challenge. Muscle synergies reduce the dimensionality …             Differential effect of DJ-1/PARK7 on development of natural and induced regulatory T cells ▶     Yogesh Singh, Hong Chen, Yuetao Zhou et al.     Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintaining an effective immune tolerance and a homeostatic balance of various other immune cells. To manipulate the immune response …             Comparing photosynthetic characteristics of Isoetes sinensis Palmer under submerged and terrestrial conditions ▶     Tao Yang, Xing Liu     Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is widespread in terrestrial and aquatic species, plastic in response to environmental changes. Isoetes L. is one of the earliest basal …             Defining the Schistosoma haematobium kinome enables the prediction of essential kinases as anti-schistosome drug targets ▶     Andreas J. Stroehlein, Neil D. Young, Aaron R. Jex et al.     The blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium causes urogenital schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease (NTD) that affects more than 110 million people. Treating this disease by …             The brown and brite adipocyte marker Cox7a1 is not required for non-shivering thermogenesis in mice ▶     Stefanie F. Maurer, Tobias Fromme, Lawrence I. Grossman et al.     The cytochrome c oxidase subunit isoform Cox7a1 is highly abundant in skeletal muscle and heart and influences enzyme activity in these tissues characterised by high oxidative …             Distinct predictive performance of Rac1 and Cdc42 in cell migration ▶     Masataka Yamao, Honda Naoki, Katsuyuki Kunida et al.     We propose a new computation-based approach for elucidating how signaling molecules are decoded in cell migration. In this approach, we performed FRET time-lapse imaging of Rac1 …             Aquaporin7 plays a crucial role in tolerance to hyperosmotic stress and in the survival of oocytes during cryopreservation ▶     Ya-Jing Tan, Xue-Ying Zhang, Guo-Lian Ding et al.     Hyperosmotic stress may induce apoptosis of different cells. However, oocytes show tolerance to osmotic stress during cryopreservation by vitrification, which is an assisted …             SUMOylation of Syntaxin1A regulates presynaptic endocytosis ▶     Tim J. Craig, Dina Anderson, Ashley J. Evans et al.     Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic terminal is under very precise spatial and temporal control. Following neurotransmitter release, synaptic vesicles are recycled by …             Circulating Microparticles Alter Formation, Structure, and Properties of Fibrin Clots ▶     Laily D. Zubairova, Roza M. Nabiullina, Chandrasekaran Nagaswami et al.     Despite the importance of circulating microparticles in haemostasis and thrombosis, there is limited evidence for potential causative effects of naturally produced cell-derived …             Prevention of Dielectric Breakdown of Nanopore Membranes by Charge Neutralization ▶     Kazuma Matsui, Itaru Yanagi, Yusuke Goto et al.     To achieve DNA sequencing using a solid-state nanopore, it is necessary to reduce the electric noise current. The noise current can be decreased by reducing the capacitance (C) …             A novel strategy for forensic age prediction by DNA methylation and support vector regression model ▶     Cheng Xu, Hongzhu Qu, Guangyu Wang et al.     High deviations resulting from prediction model, gender and population difference have limited age estimation application of DNA methylation markers. Here we identified 2,957 …             Non-additive effects of litter diversity on greenhouse gas emissions from alpine steppe soil in Northern Tibet ▶     Youchao Chen, Jian Sun, Fangting Xie et al.     While litter decomposition is a fundamental ecological process, previous studies have mainly focused on the decay of single species. In this study, we conducted a litter-mixing …             The Malat1 long non-coding RNA is upregulated by signalling through the PERK axis of unfolded protein response during flavivirus infection ▶     Sankar Bhattacharyya, Sudhanshu Vrati     Flavivirus infection causes host cell death by initiation of an unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR is initiated following activation of three ER-membrane resident sensors, …             Population genetic study of 34 X-Chromosome markers in 5 main ethnic groups of China ▶     Suhua Zhang, Yingnan Bian, Li Li et al.     As a multi-ethnic country, China has some indigenous population groups which vary in culture and social customs, perhaps as a result of geographic isolation and different …             Glycosylation of Dentin Matrix Protein 1 is critical for osteogenesis ▶     Yao Sun, Yuteng Weng, Chenyang Zhang et al.     Proteoglycans play important roles in regulating osteogenesis. Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) is a highly expressed bone extracellular matrix protein that regulates both bone …             Learning-induced synaptic potentiation in implanted neural precursor cell-derived neurons ▶     Kyungjoon Park, Hwon Heo, Ma Eum Han et al.     Neuronal loss caused by neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury and stroke results in cognitive dysfunctioning. Implantation of neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) can …             V1 neurons respond to luminance changes faster than contrast changes ▶     Wen-Liang Wang, Ran Li, Jian Ding et al.     Luminance and contrast are two major attributes of objects in the visual scene. Luminance and contrast information received by visual neurons are often updated simultaneously. We …             De novo and comparative transcriptome analysis of cultivated and wild spinach ▶     Chenxi Xu, Chen Jiao, Yi Zheng et al.     Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is an economically important green leafy vegetable crop. In this study, we performed deep transcriptome sequencing for nine spinach accessions: …             Cyclosporine A protects podocytes by regulating WAVE1 phosphorylation ▶     Xuejuan Li, Fangrui Ding, Suxia Wang et al.     Accumulating evidence suggests that podocytes are direct targets of many classic antiproteinuric drugs. The immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA), which is a calcineurin …             The influence of input and output modality on following instructions in working memory ▶     Tian-xiao Yang, Richard J. Allen, Qi-jing Yu et al.     Following instructions is an important component of learning and has been shown to rely on working memory. This study examined the ability to follow instructions within working …             Identification and comparative analysis of complement C3-associated microRNAs in immune response of Apostichopus japonicus by high-throughput sequencing ▶     Lei Zhong, Feng Zhang, Yu Zhai et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important effectors in mediating host–pathogen interaction. In this report, coelomocytes miRNA libraries of three Japanese sea cucumbers Apostichopus …             Characterization of Pseudooxynicotine Amine Oxidase of Pseudomonas putida S16 that Is Crucial for Nicotine Degradation ▶     Haiyang Hu, Weiwei Wang, Hongzhi Tang et al.     Pseudooxynicotine amine oxidase (Pnao) is essential to the pyrrolidine pathway of nicotine degradation of Pseudomonas putida strain S16, which is significant for the …             Tracing the Flow of Perceptual Features in an Algorithmic Brain Network ▶     Robin A. A. Ince, Nicola J. van Rijsbergen, Gregor Thut et al.     The model of the brain as an information processing machine is a profound hypothesis in which neuroscience, psychology and theory of computation are now deeply rooted. Modern …             Content and activity of human liver microsomal protein and prediction of individual hepatic clearance in vivo ▶     Haifeng Zhang, Na Gao, Xin Tian et al.     The lack of information concerning individual variation in content and activity of human liver microsomal protein is one of the most important obstacles for designing …             Secretome identification of immune cell factors mediating metastatic cell homing ▶     Brian A. Aguado, Jia J. Wu, Samira M. Azarin et al.     Metastatic cell homing is a complex process mediated in part by diffusible factors secreted from immune cells found at a pre-metastatic niche. We report on connecting secretomics …             Effects of histamine H1 receptor signaling on glucocorticoid receptor activity. Role of canonical and non-canonical pathways ▶     Carlos Daniel Zappia, Gina Granja-Galeano, Natalia Fernández et al.     Histamine H1 receptor (H1R) antagonists and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists are used to treat inflammatory conditions such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and …             Two Distinct Moral Mechanisms for Ascribing and Denying Intentionality ▶     Lawrence Ngo, Meagan Kelly, Christopher G. Coutlee et al.     Philosophers and legal scholars have long theorized about how intentionality serves as a critical input for morality and culpability, but the emerging field of experimental …             The genome sequence of Sea-Island cotton (Gossypium barbadense) provides insights into the allopolyploidization and development of superior spinnable fibres ▶     Daojun Yuan, Zhonghui Tang, Maojun Wang et al.     Gossypium hirsutum contributes the most production of cotton fibre, but G. barbadense is valued for its better comprehensive resistance and superior fibre properties. However, …             Reciprocal immune benefit based on complementary production of antibiotics by the leech Hirudo verbana and its gut symbiont Aeromonas veronii ▶     Aurélie Tasiemski, François Massol, Virginie Cuvillier-Hot et al.     The medicinal leech has established a long-term mutualistic association with Aeromonas veronii, a versatile bacterium which can also display free-living waterborne and fish- or …             Lipidomics comparing DCD and DBD liver allografts uncovers lysophospholipids elevated in recipients undergoing early allograft dysfunction ▶     Jin Xu, Ana M. Casas-Ferreira, Yun Ma et al.     Finding specific biomarkers of liver damage in clinical evaluations could increase the pool of available organs for transplantation. Lipids are key regulators in cell necrosis …             Busulfan and cyclosphamide induce liver inflammation through NLRP3 activation in mice after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ▶     Jianlin Qiao, Yujin Huang, Yuan Xia et al.     The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome on BU/CY-induced liver inflammation in mice after HSCT. HSCT mice model was established through infusion of …             Metabolomic profiles delineate mycolactone signature in Buruli ulcer disease ▶     Fatoumata Niang, Fred S. Sarfo, Michael Frimpong et al.     Infection of human skin with Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer, is associated with the systemic diffusion of a bacterial macrolide named mycolactone. …             Enzyme-guided DNA Sewing Architecture ▶     In Hyun Song, Seung Won Shin, Kyung Soo Park et al.     With the advent of nanotechnology, a variety of nanoarchitectures with varied physicochemical properties have been designed. Owing to the unique characteristics, DNAs have been …             Improving Protein Fold Recognition by Deep Learning Networks ▶     Taeho Jo, Jie Hou, Jesse Eickholt et al.     For accurate recognition of protein folds, a deep learning network method (DN-Fold) was developed to predict if a given query-template protein pair belongs to the same structural …             Resveratrol overcomes gefitinib resistance by increasing the intracellular gefitinib concentration and triggering apoptosis, autophagy and senescence in PC9/G NSCLC cells ▶     Yinsong Zhu, Wenjuan He, Xiujuan Gao et al.     Gefitinib (Gef) provides clinical benefits to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating EGFR mutations. However, acquired resistance (AR) is a major obstacle to …             Unexpected Fascicle Length Changes In Denervated Feline Soleus Muscle During Stance Phase Of Walking ▶     Ricky Mehta, Huub Maas, Robert J. Gregor et al.     After surgical repair of traumatically severed peripheral nerves, associated muscles are paralyzed for weeks. Little is known about fascicle length changes in paralyzed muscles …             SerpinB3 and Yap Interplay Increases Myc Oncogenic Activity ▶     Cristian Turato, Stefania Cannito, Davide Simonato et al.     SerpinB3 has been recently described as an early marker of liver carcinogenesis, but the potential mechanistic role of this serpin in tumor development is still poorly …             Collective punishment is more effective than collective reward for promoting cooperation ▶     Lei Gao, Zhen Wang, Riccardo Pansini et al.     Collective punishment and reward are usually regarded as two potential mechanisms to explain the evolution of cooperation. Both scenarios, however, seem problematic to understand …             Hepatic steatosis depresses alpha-1-antitrypsin levels in human and rat acute pancreatitis ▶     Qian Wang, Jianjun Du, Pengfei Yu et al.     Hepatic steatosis (HS) can exacerbate acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aimed to investigate the relation between α1-antitrypsin (AAT) and acute pancreatitis when patients have …             Arsenic stress after the Proterozoic glaciations ▶     Ernest Chi Fru, Emma Arvestål, Nolwenn Callac et al.     Protection against arsenic damage in organisms positioned deep in the tree of life points to early evolutionary sensitization. Here, marine sedimentary records reveal a …             Endothelial Rictor is crucial for midgestational development and sustained and extensive FGF2-induced neovascularization in the adult ▶     Fabio Aimi, Stavroula Georgiopoulou, Ina Kalus et al.     To explore the general requirement of endothelial mTORC2 during embryonic and adolescent development, we knocked out the essential mTORC2 component Rictor in the mouse …             Multiple regimes of robust patterns between network structure and biodiversity ▶     Luis F. Jover, Cesar O. Flores, Michael H. Cortez et al.     Ecological networks such as plant-pollinator and host-parasite networks have structured interactions that define who interacts with whom. The structure of interactions also …             Systematic unravelling of the biosynthesis of poly (L-diaminopropionic acid) in Streptomyces albulus PD-1 ▶     Zhaoxian Xu, Zhuzhen Sun, Sha Li et al.     Poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) (PDAP) is one of the four homopoly(amino acid)s that have been discovered in nature. However, the molecular mechanism of PDAP biosynthesis has yet …             Primordial Follicle Transplantation within Designer Biomaterial Grafts Produce Live Births in a Mouse Infertility Model ▶     E. Kniazeva, A. N. Hardy, S. A. Boukaidi et al.     The gonadotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation may result in premature ovarian failure in premenopausal oncology patients. Although autotransplantation of ovarian tissue …             Multiple regulation pathways and pivotal biological functions of STAT3 in cancer ▶     Jie Yuan, Fei Zhang, Ruifang Niu     STAT3 is both a transcription activator and an oncogene that is tightly regulated under normal physiological conditions. However, abundant evidence indicates that STAT3 is …             MicroRNA-195 inhibits proliferation, invasion and metastasis in breast cancer cells by targeting FASN, HMGCR, ACACA and CYP27B1 ▶     Richa Singh, Vikas Yadav, Sachin kumar et al.     De novo lipogenesis, a hallmark for cancers is required for cellular transformation. Further it is believed that resistance to apoptosis and …             Mating dynamics in a nematode with three sexes and its evolutionary implications ▶     Jyotiska Chaudhuri, Neelanjan Bose, Sophie Tandonnet et al.     Nematodes have diverse reproductive strategies, which make them ideal subjects for comparative studies to address how mating systems evolve. Here we present the sex ratios and …             FGF coordinates air sac development by activation of the EGF ligand Vein through the transcription factor PntP2 ▶     Josefa Cruz, Neus Bota-Rabassedas, Xavier Franch-Marro     How several signaling pathways are coordinated to generate complex organs through regulation of tissue growth and patterning is a fundamental question in developmental biology. …             Decoding the view expectation during learned maze navigation from human fronto-parietal network ▶     Yumi Shikauchi, Shin Ishii     Humans use external cues and prior knowledge about the environment to monitor their positions during spatial navigation. View expectation is essential for correlating scene views …             Investigation of Tumor Cell Behaviors on a Vascular Microenvironment-Mimicking Microfluidic Chip ▶     Rong Huang, Wenfu Zheng, Wenwen Liu et al.     The extravasation of tumor cells is a key event in tumor metastasis. However, the mechanism underlying tumor cell extravasation remains unknown, mainly hindered by obstacles from …             Cooperation in group-structured populations with two layers of interactions ▶     Yanling Zhang, Feng Fu, Xiaojie Chen et al.     Recently there has been a growing interest in studying multiplex networks where individuals are structured in multiple network layers. Previous agent-based simulations of games …             Re-engineering cellular physiology by rewiring high-level global regulatory genes ▶     Stephen Fitzgerald, Shane C. Dillon, Tzu-Chiao Chao et al.     Knowledge of global regulatory networks has been exploited to rewire the gene control programmes of the model bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The product is an …             Profiling of conserved non-coding elements upstream of SHOX and functional characterisation of the SHOX cis-regulatory landscape ▶     Hannah Verdin, Ana Fernández-Miñán, Sara Benito-Sanz et al.     Genetic defects such as copy number variations (CNVs) in non-coding regions containing conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) outside the transcription unit of their target gene, …             Upregulation of KSRP by miR-27b provides IFN-γ-induced post-transcriptional regulation of CX3CL1 in liver epithelial cells ▶     Zijie Xia, Yajing Lu, Xiaoqing Li et al.     Aberrant cellular responses to pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ, are pathogenic features in many chronic inflammatory diseases. A variety of feedback regulatory pathways …             Hibernation in the pygmy slow loris (Nycticebus pygmaeus): multiday torpor in primates is not restricted to Madagascar ▶     Thomas Ruf, Ulrike Streicher, Gabrielle L. Stalder et al.     Hibernation and short daily torpor are states of energy conservation with reduced metabolism and body temperature. Both hibernation, also called multiday torpor, and daily torpor …             Optimizing antibody expression by using the naturally occurring framework diversity in a live bacterial antibody display system ▶     T. Noelle Lombana, Michael Dillon, Jack Bevers III et al.     Rapid identification of residues that influence antibody expression and thermostability is often needed to move promising therapeutics into the clinic. To establish a method that …             Comprehensive analysis of lncRNA-mRNA co-expression patterns identifies immune-associated lncRNA biomarkers in ovarian cancer malignant progression ▶     Qiuyan Guo, Yan Cheng, Tian Liang et al.     Ovarian cancer (OV) is the most common and lethal gynecological tumor with a poor prognosis for women; however, the regulatory roles of the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in …             TLR-3 stimulation improves anti-tumor immunity elicited by dendritic cell exosome-based vaccines in a murine model of melanoma ▶     Martina Damo, David S. Wilson, Eleonora Simeoni et al.     Dendritic cell (DC)-derived exosomes (Dexo) contain the machinery necessary to activate potent antigen-specific immune responses. As promising cell-free immunogens, Dexo have …             Daily update of motor predictions by physical activity ▶     Nicolas Gueugneau, Nicolas Schweighofer, Charalambos Papaxanthis     Motor prediction, i.e., the ability to predict the sensory consequences of motor commands, is critical for adapted motor behavior. Like speed or force, the accuracy of motor …             Mica Nanoparticle, STB-HO Eliminates the Human Breast Carcinoma Cells by Regulating the Interaction of Tumor with its Immune Microenvironment ▶     Tae-Wook Kang, Hyung-Sik Kim, Byung-Chul Lee et al.     Mica, an aluminosilicate mineral, has been proven to possess anti-tumor and immunostimulatory effects. However, its efficacy and mechanisms in treating various types of tumor are …             Acetaminophen cytotoxicity is ameliorated in a human liver organotypic co-culture model ▶     Leonard J. Nelson, Maria Navarro, Philipp Treskes et al.     Organotypic liver culture models for hepatotoxicity studies that mimic in vivo hepatic functionality could help facilitate improved strategies for early safety risk assessment …             Leveraging a Multi-Omics Strategy for Prioritizing Personalized Candidate Mutation-Driver Genes: A Proof-of-Concept Study ▶     Keyue Ding, Songfeng Wu, Wantao Ying et al.     The expression of mutant forms of proteins (e.g., oncogenes and tumor suppressors) has implications in cancer biology and clinical practice. Initial efforts have been made to …             Targeted exosome-mediated delivery of opioid receptor Mu siRNA for the treatment of morphine relapse ▶     Yuchen Liu, Dameng Li, Zhengya Liu et al.     Cell-derived exosomes have been demonstrated to be efficient carriers of small RNAs to neighbouring or distant cells, highlighting the preponderance of exosomes as carriers for …             Ex vivo multiscale quantitation of skin biomechanics in wild-type and genetically-modified mice using multiphoton microscopy ▶     Stéphane Bancelin, Barbara Lynch, Christelle Bonod-Bidaud et al.     Soft connective tissues such as skin, tendon or cornea are made of about 90% of extracellular matrix proteins, fibrillar collagens being the major components. Decreased or …             High-density linkage map construction and mapping of seed trait QTLs in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) ▶     Subodh Verma, Shefali Gupta, Nitesh Bandhiwal et al.     This study reports the use of Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) for large-scale SNP discovery and simultaneous genotyping of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of an intra-specific …             microRNA targeting of the P2X7 purinoceptor opposes a contralateral epileptogenic focus in the hippocampus ▶     Eva M. Jimenez-Mateos, Marina Arribas-Blazquez, Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez et al.     The ATP-gated ionotropic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) modulates glial activation, cytokine production and neurotransmitter release following brain injury. Levels of the P2X7R are …             Sec13 Regulates Expression of Specific Immune Factors Involved in Inflammation In Vivo ▶     Thais G. Moreira, Liang Zhang, Lihi Shaulov et al.     The Sec13 protein functions in various intracellular compartments including the nuclear pore complex, COPII-coated vesicles, and inside the nucleus as a transcription regulator. …             The Y137H mutation of VvCYP51 gene confers the reduced sensitivity to tebuconazole in Villosiclava virens ▶     Fei Wang, Yang Lin, Wei-Xiao Yin et al.     Management of rice false smut disease caused by Villosiclava virens is dependent on demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides. Investigation of molecular mechanisms of resistance …             The isolation and characterization of CTC subsets related to breast cancer dormancy ▶     Monika Vishnoi, Sirisha Peddibhotla, Wei Yin et al.     Uncovering CTCs phenotypes offer the promise to dissect their heterogeneity related to metastatic competence. CTC survival rates are highly variable and this can lead to many …             Cross-modal and modality-specific expectancy effects between pain and disgust ▶     Gil Sharvit, Patrik Vuilleumier, Sylvain Delplanque et al.     Pain sensitivity increases when a noxious stimulus is preceded by cues predicting higher intensity. However, it is unclear whether the modulation of nociception by expectancy is …             Prognostic Value of Ezrin in Various Cancers: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-analysis ▶     Jianwei Li, Kuanhai Wei, Hailang Yu et al.     More and more studies have investigated the effects of Ezrin expression level on the prognostic role in various tumors. However, the results remain controversial rather than …             Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF4b protein inhibits type I interferon production through both cytoplasmic and nuclear targets ▶     Yang Yang, Fei Ye, Na Zhu et al.     Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a novel and highly pathogenic human coronavirus and has quickly spread to other countries in the Middle East, Europe, …             In vitro comparison of antimicrobial effectiveness of QMix and other final irrigants in human root canals ▶     Ying Liu, Lili Guo, Yuqin Li et al.     Final root canal irrigation stands as an effective strategy for eliminating the dentin infection. This study aimed to investigate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of QMix …             A new sensitizer DVDMS combined with multiple focused ultrasound treatments: an effective antitumor strategy ▶     Wenli Xiong, Pan Wang, Jianmin Hu et al.     Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) was developed as a promising noninvasive approach. The present study investigated the antitumor effect of a new sensitizer (sinoporphyrin sodium, …             Assimilation of the seabird and ship drift data in the north-eastern sea of Japan into an operational ocean nowcast/forecast system ▶     Yasumasa Miyazawa, Xinyu Guo, Sergey M. Varlamov et al.     At the present time, ocean current is being operationally monitored mainly by combined use of numerical ocean nowcast/forecast models and satellite remote sensing data. …             A small molecule inhibitor for ATPase activity of Hsp70 and Hsc70 enhances the immune response to protein antigens ▶     Kyung-Hwa Baek, Haiying Zhang, Bo Ryeong Lee et al.     The ATPase activities of Hsp70 and Hsc70 are known to be responsible for regulation of various biological processes. However, little is known about the roles of Hsp70 and Hsc70 …             Genome-wide Annotation and Comparative Analysis of Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons between Pear Species of P. bretschneideri and P. Communis ▶     Hao Yin, Jianchang Du, Jun Wu et al.     Recent sequencing of the Oriental pear (P. bretschneideri Rehd.) genome and the availability of the draft genome sequence of Occidental pear (P. communis L.), has provided a good …             Identification of novel PKD1 and PKD2 mutations in a Chinese population with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ▶     Bei Liu, Song-Chang Chen, Yan-Mei Yang et al.     Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most frequently inherited renal diseases caused by mutations in PKD1 and PKD2. We performed mutational analyses …             Fate of HIV-1 cDNA intermediates during reverse transcription is dictated by transcription initiation site of virus genomic RNA ▶     Takao Masuda, Yoko Sato, Yu-Lun Huang et al.     Retroviral reverse transcription is accomplished by sequential strand-transfers of partial cDNA intermediates copied from viral genomic RNA. Here, we revealed an unprecedented …             Anti-sense DNA d(GGCCCC)n expansions in C9ORF72 form i-motifs and protonated hairpins ▶     Anja Kovanda, Matja Zalar, Primož Šket et al.     The G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion mutation (HREM) in C9ORF72, represents the most common mutation associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal …             Differential evolution of a CXCR4-using HIV-1 strain in CCR5wt/wt and CCR5∆32/∆32 hosts revealed by longitudinal deep sequencing and phylogenetic reconstruction ▶     Anh Q. Le, Jeremy Taylor, Winnie Dong et al.     Rare individuals homozygous for a naturally-occurring 32 base pair deletion in the CCR5 gene (CCR5∆32/∆32) are resistant to infection by CCR5-using (“R5”) HIV-1 strains but …             When cells divide: Label-free multimodal spectral imaging for exploratory molecular investigation of living cells during cytokinesis ▶     Jen-Fang Hsu, Pei-Ying Hsieh, Hsin-Yun Hsu et al.     In vivo, molecular-level investigation of cytokinesis, the climax of the cell cycle, not only deepens our understanding of how life continues, but it will also open up new …             A network medicine approach to quantify distance between hereditary disease modules on the interactome ▶     Horacio Caniza, Alfonso E. Romero, Alberto Paccanaro     We introduce a MeSH-based method that accurately quantifies similarity between heritable diseases at molecular level. This method effectively brings together the existing …             Simultaneous fNIRS and thermal infrared imaging during cognitive task reveal autonomic correlates of prefrontal cortex activity ▶     Paola Pinti, Daniela Cardone, Arcangelo Merla     Functional Near Infrared-Spectroscopy (fNIRS) represents a powerful tool to non-invasively study task-evoked brain activity. fNIRS assessment of cortical activity may suffer for …             Transportation in the Interstitial Space of the Brain Can Be Regulated by Neuronal Excitation ▶     Chunyan Shi, Yiming Lei, Hongbin Han et al.     The transportation of substances in the interstitial space (ISS) is crucial for the maintenance of brain homeostasis, however its link to neuronal activity remains unclear. Here, …             Mouse Crumbs3 sustains epithelial tissue morphogenesis in vivo ▶     Lucie E. Charrier, Elise Loie, Patrick Laprise     The human apical protein CRB3 (Crb3 in mouse) organizes epithelial cell polarity. Loss of CRB3 expression increases the tumorogenic potential of cultured epithelial cells and …             Flower-like PEGylated MoS2 nanoflakes for near-infrared photothermal cancer therapy ▶     Wei Feng, Liang Chen, Ming Qin et al.     Photothermal cancer therapy has attracted considerable interest for cancer treatment in recent years, but the effective photothermal agents remain to be explored before this …             Quantifying the heritability of glioma using genome-wide complex trait analysis ▶     Ben Kinnersley, Jonathan S. Mitchell, Konstantinos Gousias et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified a number of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing glioma risk. While these SNPs only …             Modeling the Transitions between Collective and Solitary Migration Phenotypes in Cancer Metastasis ▶     Bin Huang, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Mingyang Lu et al.     Cellular plasticity during cancer metastasis is a major clinical challenge. Two key cellular plasticity mechanisms —Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and …             CD11chi Dendritic Cells Regulate Ly-6Chi Monocyte Differentiation to Preserve Immune-privileged CNS in Lethal Neuroinflammation ▶     Jin Hyoung Kim, Jin Young Choi, Seong Bum Kim et al.     Although the roles of dendritic cells (DCs) in adaptive defense have been defined well, the contribution of DCs to T cell-independent innate defense and subsequent …             Human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal cells preserve kidney function and extend lifespan in NZB/W F1 mouse model of lupus nephritis ▶     Austin Thiel, Gregory Yavanian, Maria-Dorothea Nastke et al.     Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are showing promise in clinical trials for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the inability to manufacture large …             Discovery of a Novel Inhibitor of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Shp2 ▶     Chuan Chen, Mengmeng Cao, Siyu Zhu et al.     Shp2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) related to adult acute myelogenous leukemia and human solid tumors. In this report, we describe identification …             Genetic Factors for Enhancement of Nicotine Levels in Cultivated Tobacco ▶     Bingwu Wang, Ramsey S. Lewis, Junli Shi et al.     Nicotine has practical applications relating to smoking cessation devices and alternative nicotine products. Genetic manipulation for increasing nicotine content in cultivated …             Drug Signature-based Finding of Additional Clinical Use of LC28-0126 for Neutrophilic Bronchial Asthma ▶     Eunji Shin, Yong Chul Lee, So Ri Kim et al.     In recent decades, global pharmaceutical companies have suffered from an R&D innovation gap between the increased cost of a new drug’s development and the decreased number of …             Circadian and light-driven regulation of rod dark adaptation ▶     Yunlu Xue, Susan Q. Shen, Joseph C. Corbo et al.     Continuous visual perception and the dark adaptation of vertebrate photoreceptors after bright light exposure require recycling of their visual chromophore through a series of …             Rapid accumulation and low degradation: key parameters of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus persistence in its insect vector Bemisia tabaci ▶     Nathalie Becker, Loup Rimbaud, Frédéric Chiroleu et al.     Of worldwide economic importance, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV, Begomovirus) is responsible for one of the most devastating plant diseases in warm and temperate regions. …             Collaborative regulation of CO2 transport and fixation during succinate production in Escherichia coli ▶     Li-Wen Zhu, Lei Zhang, Li-Na Wei et al.     In Escherichia coli, succinic acid is synthesized by CO2 fixation-based carboxylation of C3 metabolites. A two-step process is involved in CO2 integration: CO2 uptake into the …             High level of inbreeding in final phase of 1000 Genomes Project ▶     Steven Gazal, Mourad Sahbatou, Marie-Claude Babron et al.     The 1000 Genomes Project provides a unique source of whole genome sequencing data for studies of human population genetics and human diseases. The last release of this project …             An ABA down-regulated bHLH transcription repressor gene, bHLH129 regulates root elongation and ABA response when overexpressed in Arabidopsis ▶     Hainan Tian, Hongyan Guo, Xuemei Dai et al.     Plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in modulating plant responses to environmental stresses. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are one of the …             Loss of CARD9-mediated innate activation attenuates severe influenza pneumonia without compromising host viral immunity ▶     Takayuki Uematsu, Ei’ichi Iizasa, Noritada Kobayashi et al.     Influenza virus (IFV) infection is a common cause of severe viral pneumonia associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is difficult to control with general …             Massive gene loss in mistletoe (Viscum, Viscaceae) mitochondria ▶     G. Petersen, A. Cuenca, I. M. Møller et al.     Parasitism is a successful survival strategy across all kingdoms and has evolved repeatedly in angiosperms. Parasitic plants obtain nutrients from other plants and some are …             Novel fusion antigen displayed-bacterial ghosts vaccine candidate against infection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 ▶     Kun Cai, Wei Tu, Yuenan Liu et al.     Infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7 may develop into hemorrhagic colitis, or hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which usually causes kidney failure or even death. The adhesion …             Structural Insight into the interaction of Flavonoids with Human Telomeric Sequence ▶     Arpita Tawani, Amit Kumar     Flavonoids are a group of naturally available compounds that are an attractive source for drug discovery. Their potential to act as anti-tumourigenic and anti-proliferative …             Revealing the characteristics of a novel bioflocculant and its flocculation performance in Microcystis aeruginosa removal ▶     Pengfei Sun, Cai Hui, Naling Bai et al.     In the present work, a novel bioflocculant, EPS-1, was prepared and used to flocculate the kaolin suspension and Microcystis aeruginosa. We focused on the characteristics and …             Sexually antagonistic selection during parental care is not generated by a testosterone-related intralocus sexual conflict–insights from full-sib comparisons ▶     Arne Iserbyt, Marcel Eens, Wendt Müller     The evolution of shared male and female traits can be hampered if selection favours sex-specific optima. However, such genomic conflicts can be resolved when independent male and …             Rearfoot posture of Australopithecus sediba and the evolution of the hominin longitudinal arch ▶     Thomas C. Prang     The longitudinal arch is one of the hallmarks of the human foot but its evolutionary history remains controversial due to the fragmentary nature of the fossil record. In modern …             Metagenomic sequencing of bile from gallstone patients to identify different microbial community patterns and novel biliary bacteria ▶     Hongzhang Shen, Fuqiang Ye, Lu Xie et al.     Despite the high worldwide prevalence of gallstone disease, the role of the biliary microbiota in gallstone pathogenesis remains obscure. Next-generation sequencing offers …             Object size can influence perceived weight independent of visual estimates of the volume of material ▶     Myrthe A. Plaisier, Jeroen B.J. Smeets     The size-weight illusion is the phenomenon that the smaller of two equally heavy objects is perceived to be heavier than the larger object when lifted. One explanation for this …             Crystal structure of FadD32, an enzyme essential for mycolic acid biosynthesis in mycobacteria ▶     Wenjuan Li, Shoujin Gu, Joy Fleming et al.     Fatty acid degradation protein D32 (FadD32), an enzyme required for mycolic acid biosynthesis and essential for mycobacterial growth, has recently been identified as a valid and …             Anchoring structure of the calvarial periosteum revealed by focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope tomography ▶     Shingo Hirashima, Keisuke Ohta, Tomonoshin Kanazawa et al.     An important consideration in regeneration therapy is the fact that the tissue surrounding an organ supports its function. Understanding the structure of the periosteum can …             Heterochromatin components in germline stem cell maintenance ▶     Yalan Xing, Willis X. Li     Stem cell maintenance requires expression of genes essential for stemness and repression of differentiation genes. How this is achieved remains incompletely understood. Here we …             Screening cell mechanotype by parallel microfiltration ▶     Dongping Qi, Navjot Kaur Gill, Chintda Santiskulvong et al.     Cell mechanical phenotype or ‘mechanotype’ is emerging as a valuable label-free biomarker. For example, marked changes in the viscoelastic characteristics of cells occur during …             LON is the master protease that protects against protein aggregation in human mitochondria through direct degradation of misfolded proteins ▶     Ayenachew Bezawork-Geleta, Erica J. Brodie, David A. Dougan et al.     Maintenance of mitochondrial protein homeostasis is critical for proper cellular function. Under normal conditions resident molecular chaperones and proteases maintain protein …             Conserved targeting information in mammalian and fungal peroxisomal tail-anchored proteins ▶     Judith Buentzel, Fabio Vilardi, Amelie Lotz-Havla et al.     The targeting signals and mechanisms of soluble peroxisomal proteins are well understood, whereas less is known about the signals and targeting routes of peroxisomal membrane …             High Frequency of Imprinted Methylation Errors in Human Preimplantation Embryos ▶     Carlee R. White, Michelle M. Denomme, Francis R. Tekpetey et al.     Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) represent the best chance for infertile couples to conceive, although increased risks for morbidities exist, including imprinting …             Towards An Advanced Graphene-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Sub-acute Toxicity and Efficacy Studies in Small Animals ▶     Shruti Kanakia, Jimmy Toussaint, Dung Minh Hoang et al.     Current clinical Gd3+-based T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) are suboptimal or unsuitable, especially at higher magnetic fields (>1.5 Tesla) for advanced …             M1 and M3 muscarinic receptors may play a role in the neurotoxicity of anhydroecgonine methyl ester, a cocaine pyrolysis product ▶     Raphael Caio Tamborelli Garcia, Livia Mendonça Munhoz Dati, Larissa Helena Torres et al.     The smoke of crack cocaine contains cocaine and its pyrolysis product, anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME). AEME possesses greater neurotoxic potential than cocaine and an …             Mitigation of Fumonisin Biomarkers by Green Tea Polyphenols in a High-Risk Population of Hepatocellular Carcinoma ▶     Kathy S. Xue, Lili Tang, Qingsong Cai et al.     Green tea polyphenols (GTP) are highly effective in inhibiting a variety of tumorigenic effects induced by carcinogens. In this study we assessed GTP mitigation on biomarkers of …             Specific immunotherapy in combination with Clostridium butyricum inhibits allergic inflammation in the mouse intestine ▶     Yanhong Shi, Ling-Zhi Xu, Kangsheng Peng et al.     The current therapy on allergic inflammation is unsatisfactory. Probiotics improve the immunity in the body. This study aims to test a hypothesis that administration with …             Biogenic mixing induced by intermediate Reynolds number swimming in stratified fluids ▶     Shiyan Wang, Arezoo M. Ardekani     We study fully resolved motion of interacting swimmers in density stratified fluids using an archetypal swimming model called “squirmer”. The intermediate Reynolds number regime …             Defending against pathogens – immunological priming and its molecular basis in a sea anemone, cnidarian ▶     Tanya Brown, Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty     Cnidarians, in general, are long-lived organisms and hence may repeatedly encounter common pathogens during their lifespans. It remains unknown whether these early diverging …             Tumor-selective peptide-carrier delivery of Paclitaxel increases in vivo activity of the drug ▶     Jlenia Brunetti, Serena Pillozzi, Chiara Falciani et al.     Taxanes are highly effective chemotherapeutic drugs against proliferating cancer and an established option in the standard treatment of ovarian and breast cancer. However, …             Characteristics of the shark fisheries of Fiji ▶     Kerstin B. J. Glaus, Irene Adrian-Kalchhauser, Patricia Burkhardt-Holm et al.     Limited information is available on artisanal and subsistence shark fisheries across the Pacific. The aim of this study was to investigate Fiji’s inshore fisheries which catch …             Monolithically integrated broad-band Mach-Zehnder interferometers for highly sensitive label-free detection of biomolecules through dual polarization optics ▶     A. Psarouli, A. Salapatas, A. Botsialas et al.     Protein detection and characterization based on Broad-band Mach-Zehnder Interferometry is analytically outlined and demonstrated through a monolithic silicon microphotonic …             Wavelength and orientation dependent capture of light by diatom frustule nanostructures ▶     Julien Romann, Jean-Christophe Valmalette, Matilde Skogen Chauton et al.     The ecological success of diatoms is emphasized by regular blooms of many different species in all aquatic systems, but the reason behind their success is not fully understood. A …             Mitochondria-related miR-151a-5p reduces cellular ATP production by targeting CYTB in asthenozoospermia ▶     Ran Zhou, Rong Wang, Yufeng Qin et al.     Mitochondria, acting as the energy metabolism factory, participate in many key biological processes, including the maintenance of sperm viability. Mitochondria-related microRNA …             ICE1 of Pyrus ussuriensis functions in cold tolerance by enhancing PuDREBa transcriptional levels through interacting with PuHHP1 ▶     Xiaosan Huang, Kongqing Li, Cong Jin et al.     ICE1 transcription factor plays an important role in plant cold stress via regulating the expression of stress-responsive genes. In this study, a PuICE1 gene isolated from Pyrus …             Productivity and sustainability of rainfed wheat-soybean system in the North China Plain: results from a long-term experiment and crop modelling ▶     Wei Qin, Daozhong Wang, Xisheng Guo et al.     A quantitative understanding of yield response to water and nutrients is key to improving the productivity and sustainability of rainfed cropping systems. Here, we quantified the …             Limits to the thermal tolerance of corals adapted to a highly fluctuating, naturally extreme temperature environment ▶     Verena Schoepf, Michael Stat, James L. Falter et al.     Naturally extreme temperature environments can provide important insights into the processes underlying coral thermal tolerance. We determined the bleaching resistance of …             Mast Cells Participate in Corneal Development in Mice ▶     Jun Liu, Ting Fu, Fang Song et al.     The development of the cornea, a highly specialized transparent tissue located at the anterior of the eye, is coordinated by a variety of molecules and cells. Here, we report …             Ion exchanger in the brain: Quantitative analysis of perineuronally fixed anionic binding sites suggests diffusion barriers with ion sorting properties ▶     Markus Morawski, Tilo Reinert, Wolfram Meyer-Klaucke et al.     Perineuronal nets (PNs) are a specialized form of brain extracellular matrix, consisting of negatively charged glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins and proteoglycans in the direct …             Evidence for transcriptional interference in a dual-luciferase reporter system ▶     Guo-Qing Wu, Xiao Wang, Hong-Ying Zhou et al.     The dual-luciferase reporter assay is widely used for microRNA target identification and the functional validation of predicted targets. To determine whether curcumin regulates …             Optogenetics-enabled assessment of viral gene and cell therapy for restoration of cardiac excitability ▶     Christina M. Ambrosi, Patrick M. Boyle, Kay Chen et al.     Multiple cardiac pathologies are accompanied by loss of tissue excitability, which leads to a range of heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias). In addition to electronic device …             Inhibition of Lysyl Oxidases Improves Drug Diffusion and Increases Efficacy of Cytotoxic Treatment in 3D Tumor Models ▶     Friedrich Schütze, Florian Röhrig, Sandra Vorlová et al.     Tumors are characterized by a rigid, highly cross-linked extracellular matrix (ECM), which impedes homogeneous drug distribution and potentially protects malignant cells from …             Large genomic fragment deletion and functional gene cassette knock-in via Cas9 protein mediated genome editing in one-cell rodent embryos ▶     Liren Wang, Yanjiao Shao, Yuting Guan et al.     The CRISPR-Cas RNA-guided system has versatile uses in many organisms and allows modification of multiple target sites simultaneously. Generating novel genetically modified mouse …             Honey bee microRNAs respond to infection by the microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae ▶     Qiang Huang, Yanping Chen, Rui Wu Wang et al.     In order to study the effects of Nosema ceranae infection on honey bee microRNA (miRNA) expression, we deep-sequenced honey bee miRNAs daily across a full 6-day parasite …             Tetranectin as a Potential Biomarker for Stable Coronary Artery Disease ▶     Yanjia Chen, Hui Han, Xiaoxiang Yan et al.     This cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that decreased serum levels of tetranectin (TN), a regulator of the fibrinolysis and proteolytic system, is associated with the …             Id4 Marks Spermatogonial Stem Cells in the Mouse Testis ▶     Feng Sun, Qing Xu, Danfeng Zhao et al.     Mammalian spermatogenesis is a classic adult stems cell–dependent process, supported by the self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). However, the …             Multilayered Graphene Nano-Film for Controlled Protein Delivery by Desired Electro-Stimuli ▶     Moonhyun Choi, Kyung-Geun Kim, Jiwoong Heo et al.     Recent research has highlighted the potential use of “smart” films, such as graphene sheets, that would allow for the controlled release of a variety of therapeutic drugs. Taking …             In vitro and in vivo screening for novel essential cell-envelope proteins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Regina Fernández-Piñar, Alessandra Lo Sciuto, Alice Rossi et al.     The Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a prototype of multi-drug resistant opportunistic pathogens for which novel therapeutic options are urgently …             Within patient microevolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis correlates with heterogeneous responses to treatment ▶     Qingyun Liu, Laura E. Via, Tao Luo et al.     Genetic heterogeneity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) within a patient has caused great concern as it might complicate antibiotic treatment and cause treatment failure. But …             Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption in vitro and in vivo by a prenylflavonoid xanthohumol from hops ▶     Jing Li, Li Zeng, Juan Xie et al.     Excessive RANKL signaling leads to superfluous osteoclast formation and bone resorption, is widespread in the pathologic bone loss and destruction. Therefore, targeting RANKL or …             Delivery of miR-34a by chitosan/PLGA nanoplexes for the anticancer treatment of multiple myeloma ▶     Donato Cosco, Felisa Cilurzo, Jessica Maiuolo et al.     The encapsulation of miR-34a into chitosan/PLGA nanoparticles in order to obtain nanoplexes useful for the modulation of the biopharmaceutical features of the active compound was …             The standalone aminopeptidase PepN catalyzes the maturation of blasticidin S from leucylblasticidin S ▶     Guiyang Yu, Li Li, Xiangyang Liu et al.     The peptidyl nucleoside blasticidin S (BS) isolated from Streptomyces griseochromogenes was the first non-mercurial fungicide used on a large scale to prevent rice blast. In the …             Protein profiling reveals consequences of lifestyle choices on predicted biological aging ▶     Stefan Enroth, Sofia Bosdotter Enroth, Åsa Johansson et al.     Ageing is linked to a number of changes in how the body and its organs function. On a molecular level, ageing is associated with a reduction of telomere length, changes in …             Cooperative nutrient accumulation sustains growth of mammalian cells ▶     Sungmin Son, Mark M. Stevens, Hui Xiao Chao et al.     The coordination of metabolic processes to allow increased nutrient uptake and utilization for macromolecular synthesis is central for cell growth. Although studies of bulk cell …             Aldioxa improves delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric compliance, pathophysiologic mechanisms of functional dyspepsia ▶     Teita Asano, Shuji Aida, Shintaro Suemasu et al.     Delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric accommodation (decreased gastric compliance) play important roles in functional dyspepsia (FD). Here we screen for a clinically used …             Comparative proteomic analysis of compartmentalised Ras signalling ▶     Maria Hernandez-Valladares, Ian A. Prior     Ras proteins are membrane bound signalling hubs that operate from both the cell surface and endomembrane compartments. However, the extent to which intracellular pools of Ras can …             Transcriptomes reveal the genetic mechanisms underlying ionic regulatory adaptations to salt in the crab-eating frog ▶     Yong Shao, Li-Jun Wang, Li Zhong et al.     The crab-eating frog, Fejervarya cancrivora, is the only frog that lives near seas. It tolerates increased environmental concentrations of sodium, chloride and potassium partly …             Causal Inference and Explaining Away in a Spiking Network ▶     Rubén Moreno-Bote, Jan Drugowitsch     While the brain uses spiking neurons for communication, theoretical research on brain computations has mostly focused on non-spiking networks. The nature of spike-based …             Prediction and Characterisation of the System Effects of Aristolochic Acid: A Novel Joint Network Analysis towards Therapeutic and Toxicological Mechanisms ▶     Wenna Nie, Yana Lv, Leyu Yan et al.     Aristolochic acid (AA) is the major active component of medicinal plants from the Aristolochiaceae family of flowering plants widely utilized for medicinal purposes. However, the …             Targeting TRPV1 for Body Weight Control using TRPV1−/− Mice and Electroacupuncture ▶     Monchanok Choowanthanapakorn, Kung-Wen Lu, Jun Yang et al.     Obesity is a global social medical problem resulting in morbidity as high as 20–30%. Here we investigated whether the manipulation of TRPV1 can control mice body weight through …             True and Perceived Synchrony are Preferentially Associated With Particular Sensory Pairings ▶     Jean-Paul Noel, Mark T. Wallace, Emily Orchard-Mills et al.     Perception and behavior are fundamentally shaped by the integration of different sensory modalities into unique multisensory representations, a process governed by …             Origin of marine planktonic cyanobacteria ▶     Patricia Sánchez-Baracaldo     Marine planktonic cyanobacteria contributed to the widespread oxygenation of the oceans towards the end of the Pre-Cambrian and their evolutionary origin represents a key …             Systolic aortic pressure-time area is a useful index describing arterial wave properties in rats with diabetes ▶     Ru-Wen Chang, Chun-Yi Chang, Ming-Shiou Wu et al.     The accurate measurement of arterial wave properties in terms of arterial wave transit time (τw) and wave reflection factor (Rf) requires simultaneous records of aortic pressure …             MiR-181b regulates cisplatin chemosensitivity and metastasis by targeting TGFβR1/Smad signaling pathway in NSCLC ▶     Xiaoyuan Wang, Xuesong Chen, Qingwei Meng et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as important post-transcriptional regulators involved in various biological and pathological processes of cells, but their underlying …             Selective targeting of nuclear receptor FXR by avermectin analogues with therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ▶     Lihua Jin, Rui Wang, Yanlin Zhu et al.     Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a predictive factor of death from many diseases. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is an ideal target for NAFLD drug development due …             Neurodegenerative disease-associated mutants of a human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase present individual molecular signatures ▶     Claude Sauter, Bernard Lorber, Agnès Gaudry et al.     Mutations in human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are associated with a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. The effects of these mutations on the structure and …             Inhibition of NF-κB by deoxycholic acid induces miR-21/PDCD4-dependent hepatocelular apoptosis ▶     Pedro M. Rodrigues, Marta B. Afonso, André L. Simão et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are key regulators of liver metabolism, while toxic bile acids participate in the development of several liver diseases. We previously demonstrated that …             Synchrotron FTIR micro-spectroscopy for structural analysis of Lewy bodies in the brain of Parkinson’s disease patients ▶     Katsuya Araki, Naoto Yagi, Yuka Ikemoto et al.     Lewy bodies (LBs), which mainly consist of α-synuclein (α-syn), are neuropathological hallmarks of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The fine structure of LBs is unknown, …             Effect of Age and Refractive Error on the Melanopsin Mediated Post-Illumination Pupil Response (PIPR) ▶     Prakash Adhikari, Candice A. Pearson, Alexandra M. Anderson et al.     Melanopsin containing intrinsically photosensitive Retinal Ganglion cells (ipRGCs) mediate the pupil light reflex (PLR) during light onset and at light offset (the …             Magnetically Controllable Polymer Nanotubes from a Cyclized Crosslinker for Site-Specific Delivery of Doxorubicin ▶     Ben Newland, Daniel Leupelt, Yu Zheng et al.     Externally controlled site specific drug delivery could potentially provide a means of reducing drug related side effects whilst maintaining, or perhaps increasing therapeutic …             Discovery and characterization of novel inhibitors of the sodium-coupled citrate transporter (NaCT or SLC13A5) ▶     Kim Huard, Janice Brown, Jessica C. Jones et al.     Citrate is a key regulatory metabolic intermediate as it facilitates the integration of the glycolysis and lipid synthesis pathways. Inhibition of hepatic extracellular citrate …             Acetylation of glucokinase regulatory protein decreases glucose metabolism by suppressing glucokinase activity ▶     Joo-Man Park, Tae-Hyun Kim, Seong-Ho Jo et al.     Glucokinase (GK), mainly expressed in the liver and pancreatic β-cells, is critical for maintaining glucose homeostasis. GK expression and kinase activity, respectively, are both …             Isolation and characterization of two novel halotolerant Catechol 2, 3-dioxygenases from a halophilic bacterial consortium ▶     Guang Guo, Tingting Fang, Chongyang Wang et al.     Study of enzymes in halophiles will help to understand the mechanism of aromatic hydrocarbons degradation in saline environment. In this study, two novel catechol …             Exploring molecular variation in Schistosoma japonicum in China ▶     Neil D. Young, Kok-Gan Chan, Pasi K. Korhonen et al.     Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. The main disease-causing agents, Schistosoma japonicum, S. mansoni and S. …             Molecular mechanisms of Tetranychus urticae chemical adaptation in hop fields ▶     Tara G. Piraneo, Jon Bull, Mariany A. Morales et al.     The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch is a major pest that feeds on >1,100 plant species. Many perennial crops including hop (Humulus lupulus) are routinely …             Lactic acid is a sperm motility inactivation factor in the sperm storage tubules ▶     Mei Matsuzaki, Shusei Mizushima, Gen Hiyama et al.     Although successful fertilization depends on timely encounters between sperm and egg, the decoupling of mating and fertilization often confers reproductive advantages to …             Suppression on plant-parasitic nematodes using a soil fumigation strategy based on ammonium bicarbonate and its effects on the nematode community ▶     Lanxi Su, Yunze Ruan, Xiujuan Yang et al.     Banana production is severely hindered by plant-parasitic nematodes in acidic, sandy soil. This study investigated the possibility of applying a novel fumigation agent based on …             Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery of CC Chemokine Binding Fc Fusion Proteins to Target Acute Vascular Inflammation In Vivo ▶     Eileen McNeill, Asif J. Iqbal, Gemma E. White et al.     Blockade of CC chemokines is an attractive yet under utilized therapeutic strategy. We report the in vivo pharmacokinetics of a broad-spectrum vaccinia virus CC chemokine binding …             Complexity of Heart Rate Variability Can Predict Stroke-In-Evolution in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients ▶     Chih-Hao Chen, Pei-Wen Huang, Sung-Chun Tang et al.     About one-third of acute stroke patients may experience stroke-in-evolution, which is often associated with a worse outcome. Recently, we showed that multiscale entropy (MSE), a …             Tuning of nanoparticle biological functionality through controlled surface chemistry and characterisation at the bioconjugated nanoparticle surface ▶     Delyan R. Hristov, Louise Rocks, Philip M. Kelly et al.     We have used a silica – PEG based bionanoconjugate synthetic scheme to study the subtle connection between cell receptor specific recognition and architecture of surface …             A plasma cytokine and angiogenic factor (CAF) analysis for selection of bevacizumab therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer ▶     Long Bai, Feng Wang, Dong-sheng Zhang et al.     This study intends to identify biomarkers that could refine the selection of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) for bevacizumab treatment. Pretreatment 36 plasma …             Adaptation to sustained nitrogen starvation by Escherichia coli requires the eukaryote-like serine/threonine kinase YeaG ▶     Rita Figueira, Daniel R. Brown, Delfim Ferreira et al.     The Escherichia coli eukaryote-like serine/threonine kinase, encoded by yeaG, is expressed in response to diverse stresses, including nitrogen (N) starvation. A role for yeaG in …             An integrated network of Arabidopsis growth regulators and its use for gene prioritization ▶     Ehsan Sabaghian, Zuzanna Drebert, Dirk Inzé et al.     Elucidating the molecular mechanisms that govern plant growth has been an important topic in plant research, and current advances in large-scale data generation call for …             A Linear Dose-Response Relationship between Fasting Plasma Glucose and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis ▶     Jianguo Shi, Lijuan Xiong, Jiaoyuan Li et al.     For many years, the question of whether hyperglycaemia, a manifestation of prediabetes, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, is a risk factor for colorectal cancer has been …             Influence of age, gender, and race on nitric oxide release over acupuncture points-meridians ▶     Sheng-Xing Ma, Paul C. Lee, Isabelle Jiang et al.     This study examined the influence of age, gender and race on nitric oxide (NO) release over acupuncture points, meridian without acupoint, and non-meridian regions of the …             The impact of Anastrazole and Letrozole on the metabolic profile in an experimental animal model ▶     Ioannis Boutas, Vasilios Pergialiotis, Nicolaos Salakos et al.     Anastrazole and Letrozole are used as endocrine therapy for breast cancer patients. Previous studies suggested a possible association with metabolic and liver adverse effects. …             Regional Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy improves the Pathological Response rate for advanced gastric cancer with Short-term Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ▶     Zhen-Feng Wu, Qin-Hong Cao, Xiao-Yu Wu et al.     To identify clinicopathologic and treatment variables that could predict pathologic tumor response to short-term neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for patients with locally advanced …             System-wide assembly of pathways and modules hierarchically reveal metabolic mechanism of cerebral ischemia ▶     Yan Zhu, Zhili Guo, Liangxiao Zhang et al.     The relationship between cerebral ischemia and metabolic disorders is poorly understood, which is partly due to the lack of comparative fusing data for larger complete systems …             Absence of Elovl6 attenuates steatohepatitis but promotes gallstone formation in a lithogenic diet-fed Ldlr−/− mouse model ▶     Motoko Kuba, Takashi Matsuzaka, Rie Matsumori et al.     Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can develop into liver cirrhosis and cancer. Elongation of very long …             Spliced leader RNA trans-splicing discovered in copepods ▶     Feifei Yang, Donghui Xu, Yunyun Zhuang et al.     Copepods are one of the most abundant metazoans in the marine ecosystem, constituting a critical link in aquatic food webs and contributing significantly to the global carbon …             iTRAQ proteomic analysis of extracellular matrix remodeling in aortic valve disease ▶     Tatiana Martin-Rojas, Laura Mourino-Alvarez, Sergio Alonso-Orgaz et al.     Degenerative aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common worldwide cause of valve replacement. The aortic valve is a thin, complex, layered connective tissue with compartmentalized …             RBFOX3/NeuN is Required for Hippocampal Circuit Balance and Function ▶     Han-Ying Wang, Pei-Fen Hsieh, De-Fong Huang et al.     RBFOX3 mutations are linked to epilepsy and cognitive impairments, but the underlying pathophysiology of these disorders is poorly understood. Here we report replication of human …             Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common susceptibility polymorphisms for colorectal and endometrial cancer near SH2B3 and TSHZ1 ▶     Timothy HT Cheng, Deborah Thompson, Jodie Painter et al.     High-risk mutations in several genes predispose to both colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC). We therefore hypothesised that some lower-risk genetic variants might …                 A new online, open access, multi- and cross- disciplinary journal dedicated to publishing the finest research on systems biology and all its approaches. Published by Nature Publishing Group in partnership with the Systems Biology Institute (SBI).    Explore articles freely available, and sign up for e-alerts.          • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Clinical Research Fellow     Imperial College London            3 PhD positions - Research Assistant     Technische Universität Berlin            Research Fellow     Queen's University Belfast            Staff Associate     Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center            Senior Bioinformatician Band 6     Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation            Postdoctoral Fellow     Rutgers New Jersey Medical School            Young Researchers     Wallenberg Academy Fellows - Swedish university            Postdoc Positions     University of Texas            Research Fellow Job     Mayo Clinic            Tenure-Track Faculty Position     Ohio State University          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. Keep up-to-date with the latest sector trends, vote in our reader poll and sign-up to receive the monthly Naturejobs newsletter.           • Scientific Reports events Directory featured events           natureevents directory featured events         The 2nd Conference on Advances in Cell Biology (CACB 2016)     18th March 2016 Los Angeles, USA         Natureevents Directory is the premier resource for scientists looking for the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia. Featured across Nature Publishing Group journals and centrally at natureevents.com it is an essential reference guide to scientific events worldwide.                 Your email address is in the Scientific Reports: Biology mailing list. You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time, by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at: www.nature.com/nams/svc/myaccount (You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant). For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department Nature Publishing Group | One New York Plaza, Suite 4500 | New York | NY 10004-1562 | USA Nature Publishing Group's offices: Principal offices: London - New York - Tokyo Worldwide offices: Basingstoke - Boston - Buenos Aires - Delhi - Hong Kong - Madrid - Melbourne - Munich - Paris - San Francisco - Seoul - Washington DC Macmillan Publishers Limited is a company incorporated in England and Wales under company number 785998 and whose registered office is located at Brunel Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. © 2015 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.